2019届一轮复习译林版必修一Unit3Lookinggood,feelinggood单元学案设计（55页） 54页

‎ ‎ ‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修一 Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．weightloss n．　　　　　 减肥，瘦身 ‎2．pill n. 药丸，药片 ‎3．kilogram n. 千克，公斤 ‎4．work vi. 起作用，有效果，奏效 ‎5．waist n. 腰，腰部；腰围 ‎6．athlete n. 运动员 ‎7．post n. (在网上发布的)帖子 ‎[第二屏听写] ‎ ‎8．branch n．　　　　　　　 分支；分部；树枝 ‎9．downtown adv. 在市中心，往市中心(尤指商业中心区)‎ ‎10．freeway n. 〈美〉高速公路 ‎11．marathon n. 马拉松赛跑 ‎12．skip vt. & vi. 跳过，略过；蹦跳着走 ‎13．system n. 身体；(器官)系统；体系；制度　‎ ‎[第三屏听写] ‎ ‎14．slim adj.　　　　　　　 苗条的，纤细的 ‎15．loss n. 丧失，丢失，损失 ‎16．gain vt. 增加；获得，赢得 ‎17．overweight adj. 肥胖的，体重超标的 ‎18．*liver n. 肝脏 ‎19．*membership n. 会员资格，成员资格 ‎20．*chip n．(pl.) 薯条 Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写] ‎ ‎1．peaceful adj.　　　　　　 平静的；和平的 ‎2．figure n. 体形；数字；人物 ‎3．ashamed adj. 惭愧的，羞愧的 ‎4．energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 ‎5．recover vi. 复原，恢复健康 vt. 重新获得，恢复 ‎6．failure n. 失败；衰退，衰竭；故障，失灵　‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎7．contain vt.　　　　　　　 包含；容纳 ‎8．chemical n. 化学物质 ‎ adj. 化学的 ‎9．treatment n. 治疗；待遇；处理 ‎10．painful adj. 令人疼痛的，痛苦的 ‎11．damage vt. & n. 损害，伤害 ‎12．attractive adj. 有吸引力的，有魅力的 ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎13．embarrassed adj.　　　 尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的 ‎14．pressure n. 压力 ‎15．amount n. 数量 ‎16．diet n. & vi. 节食；日常饮食 ‎ ‎17．prefer vt. 更喜欢 ‎18．suffer vt. & vi. 受苦；遭受(磨难) ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎19．effect n．　　　　　　　 效果，作用；影响 ‎20．affect vt. 影响；(病毒)感染 ‎21．achievement n. 成就 ‎22．including prep. 包括 ‎23．midnight n. 午夜 ‎24．equipment n. 器材；设备 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎25．expert n．　　　　　　　 专家 ‎26．sadness n. 悲伤 ‎27．comfort n. 安慰；舒适 v. 安慰 ‎28．useless adj. 无用的，无效的 ‎29．approximately adv. 大约 ‎30．properly adv. 适当地　‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎31．mostly adv.　　　　　　 主要地；通常 ‎32．concentrate vt. & vi. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 ‎33．skin n. 皮肤 ‎34．count vi. 认为，算作；重要 vt. 数数 ‎35．work_out 锻炼；解决；计算出 ‎36．go_on_a_diet 节食 ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎37．side_effect　　　　　　 副作用 ‎38．fall_out (头发等)脱落；争吵 ‎39．get_into_shape 强身健体 ‎40．make_the_most_of 充分利用 ‎41．in_the_long_term 从长远角度看 ‎42．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上，实际上 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.weightloss n．减肥，瘦身 ‎2．pill n. 药丸，药片 ‎3．kilogram n. ‎ ‎7.post n．　　　　　(在网上发布的)帖子 ‎8．branch n. 分支；分部；树枝 ‎12.skip vt. & vi. 　跳过，略过；蹦跳着走 ‎13．system n. ‎ 千克，公斤 ‎4．work vi. 起作用，有效果，‎ 奏效 ‎5．waist n. 腰，腰部；腰围 ‎6．athlete n. 运动员 ‎9．downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心(尤指商业中心区)‎ ‎10．freeway n. 〈美〉高速公路 ‎11．overweight adj. 肥胖的 身体；(器官)系统；体系；制度 ‎14．membership n. 会员资格，成员资格 ‎15．slim adj. 苗条的，纤细的 表 达 单 词 ‎1.approximately adv.　　大约 ‎2．figure n. 体形；数字；人物 ‎3．failure n. 失败；衰退，衰竭；故障 ‎4．contain vt. 包含；容纳 ‎5．chemical n. 化学物质 adj. 化学的 ‎6．damage vt. & n. 损害，伤害 ‎7．pressure n. 压力 ‎8．diet n．&vi. 节食；日常饮食 ‎ ‎9．prefer vt. 更喜欢 ‎10．suffer vt. & vi. 受苦；遭受(磨难)‎ ‎11．affect vt. ‎ ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．As is known to all, failure (失败) is a stepping stone to success.‎ ‎2．Just as I was wondering what to do next, I saw a familiar figure (人物) passing by our classroom.‎ ‎3．Even worse, the amount (数量) of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)‎ ‎4．Millions of people suffer (遭受) discomfort from one or more colds each year.‎ ‎5．Any damage (损害) resulting from negligence is not to be compensated.‎ ‎ 影响；(病毒)感染 ‎12．achievement n. 成就 ‎13．expert n. 专家 ‎14．properly adv. 适当地 ‎15．mostly adv. 主要地；通常 ‎16．count vi. 认为，算作；重要 vt. 数数 ‎17．concentrate vt. & vi. 集中(注意力、思想等)；‎ 全神贯注 ‎18．amount n. 数量 ‎6．It is not how much you read but what you read that counts (重要)．‎ ‎7．The cost of the project is expected to be approximately (大约) ＄1 billion.‎ ‎8．Tourists preferred (更喜欢) to buy the woolen sweaters sold in the local market when they travelled.‎ ‎9．In South Africa there is a safari park, which contains (包含) all sorts of wild animals like lions, elephants, zebras and so on.‎ ‎10．If you concentrate (集中) all your energies on studying English, you will master the language.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的→shame n．羞耻，惭愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.不体面的→shameless adj.不知羞耻的 ‎2．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n．精力；能量 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Before the new law comes into effect,_I hope we can take some effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes. Then we should work effectively at once.(effect)‎ ‎2．The gentle music comforted ‎3．recover vi.复原，恢复健康vt.重新获得，恢复→recovery n．恢复 ‎4．treatment n．治疗；待遇；处理→treat vt.治疗；招待；处理 ‎5．pain n．& vi.痛苦；疼痛→painful adj.令人疼痛的，痛苦的 ‎6．attractive adj.有吸引力的，有魅力的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引人的事物 ‎7．embarrassed adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的；为难的 ‎8．effect n．效果，作用；影响→effective adj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地 ‎9．including prep.包括→include v．包括，包含→included adj.包括在内的 ‎10．equipment n．器材；设备→equip v．给……装备 ‎ me and on hearing it I felt much more comfortable_and relaxed in mind and body.(comfort)‎ ‎3．The doctor says he is recovering faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his recovery.(recover)‎ ‎4．The Great Wall is an attraction,_whose scenes are very attractive,_and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.(attract)‎ ‎5．The band played many songs, including some of my favourites/some of my favourites included.(include)‎ ‎6．What you did was embarrassing,_making the guest very embarrassed and it also embarrassed me.(embarrass)‎ ‎7．Much money allocated to our school, all classrooms in our school are equipped with advanced teaching equipment.(equip)‎ ‎11．comfort n．安慰；舒适v.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地 ‎8．No one can grow without pains,_so we should find a way to live a better life through the past painful experiences.(pain)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.work_out　　　锻炼；解决；计算出 ‎2．go_on_a_diet 节食 ‎3．be_dying_to_do_sth. 渴望做某事 ‎4．side_effect 副作用 ‎5．get_into_shape 强身健体 ‎6．fall_out (头发等)脱落；争吵 ‎7．make_the_most_of 充分利用 ‎8．in_the_long_term 从长远角度看 ‎9．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上，实际上 ‎10．lose_weight 减肥 ‎11．be_ashamed_of 对……感到羞愧 ‎12．recover_from 从……中恢复 ‎13．put_on_weight 增加体重 ‎1.It took me some time to work_out what was causing this.‎ ‎2．If you want to be slimmer, you'd better go_on_a_diet and do more exercise strictly.‎ ‎3．The side_effects of the medicine on patients are great, so you should take it following the doctor's directions.‎ ‎4．I know you are_dying_to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.‎ ‎5．What they have done is beneficial to the environment in_the_long_term.‎ ‎6．On seeing each other, Jean and Paul have fallen_out with each ‎14．in_no_time 立刻，马上 ‎15．give_out 分发；用尽；发出(光等)‎ ‎16．take_the/a_risk 冒险 ‎ other again.‎ ‎7．Luckily, Annie quickly adapted and everything was back on track in_no_time. ‎ ‎8．The moon, which doesn't give_out light itself, is only a satellite of the earth.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.I think you look great as you are, and you're a wonderful person. ‎ 我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。‎ as意为“正如，就像”，引导方式状语从句。‎ 你应该像以前那样提前预习功课。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)‎ You should prepare your lessons in advance as_you_did_before.‎ ‎2.Some sports are usually done indoors, while others are done outdoors. ‎ 一些运动通常在室内做，然而其他的在室外做。‎ while意为“然而”，引导并列句。‎ 经过一天的学习，我总是感到筋疲力尽，但努力追求理想是值得的。(2017·天津高考满分作文) ‎ I always feel exhausted after a day's study, while_it_is_worthwhile_to_try_my_best_to_pursue_my_ideal.‎ ‎3.Water helps keep your system clean. ‎ 夏季躺在树下让我很放松。(2016·四川高考写作佳句) ‎ 水有助于保持人体内部系统清洁。‎ keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语。‎ Lying under the tree in summer keeps_me_very_relaxed.‎ ‎4.Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. ‎ 步行和骑自行车就算，校内体育活动也算。‎ ‎“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一主语”，表示“……也如此”。‎ 许多游客会爱上泰山，你也会的。(2017·北京高考满分作文) ‎ Many tourists will fall in love with Mount Tai, and so_will_you.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.be_angry_with_sb. 生某人的气 ‎2.be_busy_in_doing 忙于做……‎ ‎3.be_busy_with 忙于……‎ ‎4.at birth 出生时 ‎5.at other times 平时；在其他时候 ‎1.in_the_picture/newspaper在图片/报纸上 ‎2.the_answer_to_... ……的答案 ‎3.the_key_to_...……的关键/钥匙　‎ ‎4.play sports 做运动 ‎5.join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事 ‎1.cookie n．　　曲奇饼 ‎2.takeaway n. 外卖食物 ‎3.soap opera 肥皂剧 ‎4.talk show 访谈节目 ‎5.act movie 动作电影 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．figure n．[C]体形；数字；人物；画像；雕像；人影 vt.& vi.考虑；估计；计算；认为 ‎[教材原句]　Most young women want a slim figure these days, especially here in Canada.‎ 现在大多数年轻女子都想拥有一个苗条的身材，尤其是在加拿大这个地方。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中figure的含义 ‎①As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.人物 ‎②Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.体形 ‎③It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job. 数字 ‎④Lisa was very frightened as she saw a figure in the darkness.人影 ‎⑤David Dominoni requested the clerk to figure out his income tax.计算 ‎⑥I figure that he was drunk and shouldn't be allowed to drive.认为 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ figure out　　　　　　　 理解；想出；计算出 keep one's figure 保持体形 ‎⑦The art historians tried to figure_out how the temple might ‎ have looked when built around 15 B．C.‎ 艺术历史学家试图弄清楚这座庙宇大约在公元前15年建造时的面貌。‎ ‎2．ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的 ‎[教材原句]　 I'm trying to lose weight because I'm so ashamed of my body.‎ 我目前在努力减肥，因为我的体型让我觉得非常羞愧。‎ ‎(1)be ashamed of　　　　 因……感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth. 不好意思做某事 ‎(2)shame n. 羞耻，羞愧；憾事；带来耻辱的人 It's a shame that ... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity! 真可惜！‎ to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①I'm ashamed to_admit (admit) that I've never read any of his books.‎ ‎②It's a shame that he was caught stealing in class.‎ ‎③What a shame! She should fail this round. ‎ ‎④To my shame, I never did something for you when you're in trouble.‎ ‎3．failure n．失败；衰退，衰竭；故障，失灵 ‎[教材原句]　I'm now in hospital recovering from liver failure.‎ 我现在住院了，患的是肝功能衰竭，正在恢复中。‎ ‎(1)a failure　　　 一个失败的人，一件失败的事 ‎(2)fail v. 在……中失败；忘记、未能(做某事)‎ fail to do sth. 没能做某事 fail (in) sth. 失败，没有通过 ‎[题点全练] 　完成句子 ‎①A quick review of successes_and_failures at the end of year will help shape your year ahead. (2017·江苏高考单选)‎ 快速回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。‎ ‎②He felt like a_failure when he failed_to_pass the driving test.‎ 他没能通过驾照考试，感觉是一个失败的人。‎ ‎③I failed_in my English test last term. ‎ 上学期我英语考试不及格。‎ ‎4．contain vt.包含；容纳 ‎[教材原句]　They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.‎ 它们含有某种有害的化学物质，导致我肝功能衰竭。‎ ‎[辨析比较]‎ contain 表示所含之物的全部或一部分；侧重于所含有的数量或成分；既可指具体有形的东西，也可指无形的东西 include 侧重指范围，其主语和宾语属于同类；是整体和部分的关系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构 选用上述单词填空 The box ①contains a number of letters, ②including those from her admirers and of course her husband's letter ③included as well.‎ ‎5．damage vt.& n．损害，伤害 ‎[教材原句]　My mother is right: don't damage your health for a ‎ slim and attractive figure.‎ 我妈妈说得对：不要为一个苗条动人的身材而毁了健康。‎ ‎(1)damage crops　　　　 破坏庄稼 damage sb.'s career/reputation/health ‎ 损害某人的事业/名誉/健康 ‎(2)do/cause (great) damage to ...‎ ‎ 对……造成(很大的)损害 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage_crops. (2017·江苏高考阅读)‎ 没有冰川，水会到达河流，有时会破坏庄稼。 ‎ ‎②Too much packaging is doing_damage_to the environment. ‎ 包装太多对环境有害。 ‎ ‎③He won't do anything that may damage_his_reputation. ‎ 他不会做任何有可能损害他名誉的事情。‎ ‎6．prefer vt.更喜欢 ‎[教材原句]　Instead, I prefer to exercise at home, and it seems that I am always going on a diet.‎ 相反，我更喜欢在家锻炼，而且似乎我总是在节食。‎ ‎(1)prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事 prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. ‎ ‎ 喜欢(做)……胜过喜欢(做)……‎ ‎(2) ‎(3)preference n. 偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 have a preference for 对……偏爱 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As for me, I prefer to_choose (choose) friends similar to myself. ‎ ‎②Many people prefer living in the country to living in the city.‎ ‎③A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.‎ 一句多译 她宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。‎ ‎④She_prefers_to_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car. (prefer to do ...rather than do ...)‎ ‎⑤She_would_rather_walk_to_work_than_drive_a_car. (would rather do ... than do ...)‎ ‎⑥She_would_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car. (would do ... rather than do ...)‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)prefer＝like better, 因此不能和比较级连用。‎ ‎(2)prefer的过去式和过去分词是preferred, preferred。‎ ‎7．suffer vt.遭受，蒙受，经历vi.受苦，受损失，患病 ‎[教材原句]　There is news about a Canadian actress who suffered liver failure because of taking those pills.‎ 有新闻说一位加拿大女演员因服用那些药患上了肝脏衰竭。‎ ‎(1)suffer from　　　　 遭受……之苦；患……病 suffer loss/pain/hardship/defeat ... 遭受损失/痛苦/困苦/失败等 ‎(2)suffering n. 痛苦，遭难 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Reading fiction can help those who do not suffer_from_loneliness to understand lonely people.‎ 阅读小说可以帮助那些不孤独的人理解孤独的人。‎ ‎②If that were true, both companies would suffer_great_loss. ‎ 如果那是真的， 双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。‎ ‎③Experiencing_personal_suffering is a necessary part of our growth. ‎ 经历个人痛苦是我们成长过程中必不可少的一部分。‎ ‎8．effect n．效果，作用；影响 ‎[教材原句]　However, they have side effects, which will damage your health.‎ 然而，它们有副作用，对你的健康有害。‎ ‎(1)side effect　　　　　　　　 副作用 have an/no effect on ... 对……有(没有)影响 come into effect 开始实施 take effect 见效，生效 in effect 实际上；在实施中 ‎(2)effective adj. 有效的；实际上 effectively adv. 有效地 ‎(3)affect vt. 影响 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空) ‎ ‎②However, effective (effect) debates do not require angry quarrels and embarrassments. ‎ ‎③Every employee of the company is required to solve the problems in working effectively (effect)．‎ ‎④Sometimes, the adults could also be_affected (effect) by the violence content of the video games.‎ 用effect的相关短语完成小片段 The new traffic law has ⑤come_into_effect (开始实施). ⑥In_effect_ (事实上), it ⑦has_an_effect_on (对……有影响) people's life in many ways besides people's focus on road safety. Since it ⑧took_effect (生效), many people have drunk less than before.‎ ‎9．count vi.认为，算作；重要 vt.数数 ‎[经典例句]　Surely it doesn't matter where charities get their money from, but what counts is what they do with it.‎ 慈善机构从哪里筹得捐款的确无关紧要，关键是他们用这些钱做什么。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中count的含义 ‎①She was counting her money with joy.数数 ‎②If you're all going to the party, you can count me in.算作 ‎③Hurry up！Every minute now counts.重要 ‎④On the whole she counted herself as a fortunate wife.认为 ‎[系统考点]‎ count ... in　　　　　　 把……计算在内，包括……‎ count ...out 不包括 count on/upon (＝depend/rely on/upon ) 依赖，依靠； 指望 count for much/little 价值大/不大 count ... as ... 把……看作……‎ count up (＝add up) 把……加起来 ‎ ‎[练通重点]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎⑤Being ill, my grandmother counted on us to care for her.‎ ‎⑥To my joy, she counts me as her best friend.‎ ‎⑦Count up these figures and you'll know all the money I earned.‎ ‎⑧If you don't count the broken one in,_there will be fifty eggs in all.‎ ‎⑨We'll have to count Frank out for next Sunday's trip.‎ 翻译句子 ‎⑩与你们的贡献比较起来，我们的算不了什么。‎ Beside_yours_our_contributions_count_for_little._‎ ‎⑪因为她有经验，所以她的意见很重要。‎ Her_opinion_counts_because_of_her_experience.‎ ‎10．concentrate vt.& vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 ‎[教材原句]　Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study.‎ 许多青少年吃惊地发现，当你锻炼的时候，你的体内会产生一些化学物质使你感到平静和放松，而且能让你学习的时候注意力更集中。‎ ‎(1)concentrate one's mind/attention/energy on ‎　　　　　　　　　 把心思/注意力/精力集中于 concentrate on 集中精力于，全神贯注于 ‎(2)concentration n. 专注，专心 concentrated adj. 专心的，聚精会神的 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①If you are unable to concentrate_your_attention,_you are unable to achieve at your best level.‎ 如果你不能集中注意力，你就无法达到最好的水平。‎ ‎②She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate_on her studies. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)‎ 为了集中精力学习，她已拒绝了几个节目主演的邀请。‎ ‎③My concentration slipped and it felt as if my brain was slowing down. ‎ 我的注意力不集中，感觉好像我的大脑在迟钝下来。‎ ‎[联想发散] ‎ concentrate on“专注于”同义短语小结：‎ ‎①fix/focus one's attention/mind on/upon ...‎ ‎②be absorbed in (doing) ... ‎ ‎③bury oneself in ... ‎ ‎④be buried in ...‎ ‎⑤put one's heart into ...‎ ‎⑥devote oneself to ...　‎ ‎11．amount n．数量 vi.总计，合计 ‎[教材原句]　A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health.‎ 每天晚上足够的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。‎ ‎(1)许多/大(少)量…… ‎(2)amount to　　　　　　 等于；达到 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Proper amounts of childcare do (do) good to grandparents.‎ ‎②A good amount of sleep every night is (be) also important for your health.‎ ‎③The total sales of the company didn't amount to more than a million dollars.‎ ‎④Each year the amount of mail going through the Angelica Post Office increases (increase) during late November and early December. ‎ ‎[联想发散] ‎ 表示“许多/大量……”的短语大集合：‎ ‎(1)a number of只接可数名词复数。‎ ‎(2)a great deal of, a great amount of (large amounts of)只接不可数名词。‎ ‎(3)a lot of (lots of), plenty of, a large quantity of (large quantities of) 既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.‎ ‎2．Large amounts of money were_spent (spend) on the bridge between the two villages.‎ ‎3．Actually, Henry felt ashamed (shame) of having done so little work.‎ ‎4．While some people are motivated by a need for success, others ‎ are motivated by a fear of failure (fail)．‎ ‎5．He can perform an astonishing variety of acts, including (include) mime and juggling (杂耍)．‎ ‎6．Shala often looks through the websites containing (contain) information about the changes of the shares.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．This experiment turned out to be failure, but, as we know, success often comes after failure.第一个failure前加a ‎2．His digital camera got damaging when it fell to the ground. damaging→damaged ‎3．People who are in a diet mustn't have chocolate._in→on ‎4．First of all, two subways have been built in my city to ease the traffic pressures. pressures→pressure ‎5．It's embarrassed that I still do not know his name. embarrassed→embarrassing Ⅲ.一句多译 ‎1．自从他来这儿以后，他一直专心工作。‎ ‎①Since he came here, he has concentrated_his_mind_on his work. (concentrate)‎ ‎②Since he came here, he has devoted_himself_to his work. (devote)‎ ‎③Since he came here, he has buried_himself_in his work. (bury)‎ ‎④Since he came here, he has been_absorbed_in his work. (absorb)‎ ‎⑤Since he came here, he has put_his_heart_into his work. (put)‎ ‎2．她更喜欢和我们一起去而不愿独自留下。‎ ‎①She preferred_to_go_with_us_rather_than_stay behind alone.(prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ ‎②She preferred_going_with_us_to_staying behind alone.(prefer doing sth. to doing sth.)‎ ‎③She would_rather_go_with_us_than_stay behind alone.(would rather do sth. than do sth.)‎ ‎④She would_go_with_us_rather_than_stay behind alone.(would do sth. rather than do sth.)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．work out锻炼；计算出；(有预期的)结果；解决(问题)；制订出(计划等)‎ ‎[教材原句]　I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I don't work out any more.‎ 我过去一周三次去健身房，可我现在不再锻炼了。‎ ‎[一词多义] 　写出下列句中work out的含义 ‎①The three parties will meet next month to work out remaining differences.解决 ‎②Just don't work out too close to bedtime because exercise can wake you up._锻炼 ‎③We didn't plan our art exhibition, but it worked out well.结果 ‎④They must work out a plan as quickly as possible.制订出 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ work on　　　　　 从事(某种工作)；致力于……‎ work (hard) at (努力)学习……；认真做 work with 与……共事/合作 work as 作为/担任某职务 We'll work on a project next Monday and we're getting everything prepared today. ‎ 我们下星期一将做一个项目，我们今天把一切准备好。‎ I have made up my mind to work hard at English. ‎ 我下决心努力学英语。‎ ‎2．in the long term 从长远角度看，长期内 ‎[教材原句]　Diets are useless in the long term, yet approximately 20% of teenagers say they have tried going on a diet and skipping meals to control their weight.‎ 从长远角度来看，节食并不奏效，然而有大约20%的青少年声称，他们曾尝试过节食或者有时不吃饭，以控制自己的体重。‎ in the long term/run　　 从长远角度看，长期内 in the short term/run 就短期角度看，就眼前来说 in terms of 就……而言，在……方面；依据 be on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人关系好/不好 come to terms with 与……妥协；对……让步 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run. ‎ ‎②In terms of individual players, we have a great team but the problem is that they don't play football together well at all. ‎ ‎③We have been on good terms with our neighbors for all these years.‎ ‎④Finally they came to terms with the enemy. ‎ ‎3．as引导方式状语从句 I think you look great as_you_are,_and you're a wonderful person.‎ 我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。‎ as引导的状语从句类型：‎ ‎(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，如同”。‎ ‎(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“一边……一边……；随着”。‎ ‎(3)引导原因状语从句，意为“既然，由于”。‎ ‎(4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”结构(注意：名词前无冠词)。‎ ‎(5)引导比较状语从句，用于as/so ...as或not as/so ... as中。‎ ‎①When in Rome, do as_the_Romans_do.‎ 入乡随俗。‎ ‎②The boy was singing a song as_he_was_cycling. ‎ 这个男孩边骑车边唱歌。‎ ‎③As_you're_not_feeling_well,_you may stay at home.‎ 既然你身体不舒服，你可以待在家里。‎ ‎④Old_as_he_is,_he is still full of energy. ‎ 尽管年纪大了，但他依然精力充沛。 ‎ ‎⑤He doesn't speak English as/so_fluently_as_you.‎ 他的英语说得不如你流利。‎ ‎4．keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语 Water helps keep_your_system_clean.‎ 水有助于保持人体内部系统清洁。‎ ‎“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“使……保持某种状态”。其中宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等。‎ ‎①Make sure to keep_the_lights_off before you leave the office.‎ 在你离开办公室之前一定要把灯关掉。‎ ‎②To make it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep_this_card_at_hand.(2016·北京高考单选)‎ 为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。‎ ‎③They use computers to keep the traffic running (run) smoothly.‎ 他们使用电脑来保持交通的平稳运行。‎ ‎④There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed (fix) on the sink until it's full.(2017·天津高考阅读)‎ 当这一切发生的时候，你绝对不能做任何事情，只需要双眼集中在水槽上直到它装满。‎ ‎5．so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语 Walking and riding your bike count, and so_do_school_sports.‎ 步行和骑自行车就算，校内体育活动也算。‎ ‎(1)“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后面的人或物，表示“某人/某物也这样”。‎ ‎(2)“neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面否定的情况也适用于后面的人或物，可翻译为“某人/某物也不这样”。‎ ‎(3)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is (was) with .../It is (was) the same with ...。‎ ‎①Nancy had a great time at the party. So_did_her_husband. ‎ 南希在晚会上玩得很开心。她的丈夫也是(很开心)。‎ ‎②She shouldn't have yelled at you; neither/nor_should_I. ‎ 她不应该对你大喊大叫，我也不应该(对你大喊大叫)。‎ ‎③Henry is very clever but he doesn't work hard at his lessons. So_it_is_with_his_little_brother.‎ 亨利很聪明，但是不努力学习。他的弟弟也是。‎ ‎[名师指津]　“so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词”用于对前面的事实加以肯定，有“的确如此”之意。‎ ‎④Sun Yang did very well in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, and so he did.‎ 孙杨在2016年里约奥运会上表现很好，的确如此。‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．He didn't imagine such a little boy could work_out the problem.‎ ‎2．The young lady is going_on_a_diet to lose some weight.‎ ‎3．The agreement should have very positive results in_the_long_term.‎ ‎4．Most patients in the hospital suffer no side_effects.‎ ‎5．He appears to be strong and healthy, but as_a_matter_of_fact,_he suffers from a very weak heart.‎ ‎6．My cousin must have made an effort to get_into_shape. He is stronger than before.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He found a tooth gone because he fell down on his knees carelessly.‎ ‎→His tooth fell out because he fell down on his knees carelessly.‎ ‎2．The students should make full use of the books in the school library.‎ ‎→The students should make the most/best of the books in the school library.‎ ‎3．Taking exercise regularly in the morning is a good habit for my grandfather.‎ ‎→Working out regularly in the morning is a good habit for my grandfather.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．You must do everything as_I_do.‎ 你们务必照我的样子去做每一件事。‎ ‎2．The noise from their party kept_me_awake for a long time.‎ 他们聚会的吵闹声让我很长时间没睡着。‎ ‎3．Study needs enthusiasm, and so_does_friendship.‎ 学习需要热情，友谊也一样。‎ ‎4．I wonder where_to_find that information again.‎ 我想知道在哪里能再次找到那个信息。‎ ‎5．If you don't attend the meeting; neither/nor_will_I. ‎ 如果你不参加会议，我也不会的。‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——非限制性定语从句和反意疑问句 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.(2017·天津高考单选)‎ ‎2．Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)‎ ‎3．But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)‎ Ⅱ.用非限制性定语从句将两个句子合并 ‎1．My cousin visited the factory. He once worked for four years there.‎ ‎→My_cousin_visited_the_factory,_where_he_once_worked_for_four_years.‎ ‎2．They gave us many books. There is much information we need in them.‎ ‎→They_gave_us_many_books,_in_which_there_is_much_information_we_need.‎ ‎3．The old professor has three sons. Two of them are in London.‎ ‎→The_old_professor_has_three_sons,_two_of_whom_are_in_London.‎ ‎4．My parents live in the tall building. Its window faces to the blue sea.‎ ‎→My_parents_live_in_the_tall_building,_whose_window_faces_to_the_blue_sea.‎ Ⅲ.完成下列反意疑问句 ‎1．This will not be mentioned at the meeting, will_it?‎ ‎2．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party, does_it?‎ ‎3．I think it must be Jack who is knocking at the door, isn't_it?‎ ‎4．His father can't name the plant, can_he?‎ ‎5．Mary likes playing basketball in her spare time, doesn't_she?‎ Ⅳ.单句改错 ‎1．In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)that→which ‎2．Amy eats lots of fruit and vegetables, all of them are good for her health. them→which ‎3．Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ短文改错)they→which/that ‎ ‎4．I don't think he will come, do I？do_I→will_he ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练缩写——让语言更凝练 ‎[题目要求]‎ 美国学生Chris在给笔友李华的邮件中，提到他最近在准备SAT考试(美国高考)，心理压力很大，很苦恼，希望得到李华的帮助。下面是李华给Chris回信。请把它缩写为60词左右，注意保留加黑词句。‎ Dear Chris，‎ I'm sorry to learn that you've been under a lot of pressure lately due to the upcoming SAT test. Anyone in your situation would suffer a certain amount of stress. But don't worry too much, or you may find yourself problems with sleep, appetite, or even memory. Here are some ways I think that can deal with stress.‎ The first thing you can try is to exercise. Exercises like walking or running not only boost energy but also build confidence. Another way is to enjoy some games with friends, which can take your mind off the stress and make you more relaxed. It might also be a good idea to talk to someone who is a good listener; having someone to listen to your problems can make you feel better.‎ I believe it will all work out. Cheer up! Let me know if I can help further.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Chris，‎ I'm sorry to learn that you feel stressed lately due to the upcoming SAT test. But don't worry too much and it's very common. Here are my tips.‎ Firstly, try to exercise. Exercises not only boost energy but also build confidence. Secondly, enjoy some games with friends, which can make you more relaxed. Lastly, talk to someone who is a good listener, which can make you feel better.‎ Cheer up! I believe you can manage it.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A ‎(2018·湖南省两校上学期联考)Ever want to peek at a celebrity's gift list? For the curious and those in need of a few holiday ideas, we tracked down some people. Their answers might surprise you.‎ Martin Dahinden SWISS AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATES TO GIVE: I like things to be practical and well thoughtout. I would say that is typically Swiss. I would gift someone a Swiss Army Knife, a useful gift in many ways. Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Ⅱ Pocket Knife, ＄17.13. Victorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife, ＄54.97. amazon. com.‎ Sylvia Colella FOUNDER OF FASHION AND LIFESTYLE BLOG SIMPLY SYLVIA TO GIVE: One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear, so I enjoy gifting pieces from my favorite brands, like Michi, Alo Yoga and Spiritual Gangster. Koral Lustrous Legging, ＄ 95. Michi Bionic Bra, ＄95.‎ Melissa Ho RENWICK GALLERY CURATOR OF 20THCENTURY ART TO GIVE: I would give this book to any Washingtonian who was foolish enough to miss the extraordinary Robert Irwin exhibition at the Hirshhorn this summer. The magic of Irwin's phenomenological art is difficult to convey in either photographs or words, yet ‎ Hankins's prose makes the story of his breakthrough years both accessible and enjoyable. Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, ＄35.90. amazon. com.‎ Kwame Alexander POET AND NEWBERYWINNING AUTHOR OF“THE CROSSOVER”‎ TO GIVE: A children's book gift basket with some of my favorites: Zoe in Wonderland by Brenda Woods, anything by Mo Willems, Debbie Levy and Vanessa BrantleyNewton's We Shall Overcome, and this really cool novel called The Crossover. I Dissent, ＄14.10. We Shall Overcome, ＄15.65. Zoe in Wonderland, ＄14.21. The Crossover, ＄10.36. amazon. com.‎ 语篇解读：本文是应用文。假日礼物该选什么？看看这些人的回答。‎ ‎21．Who may be a huge fitness enthusiast?‎ A．Melissa Ho.　　　　　　 B．Sylvia Colella.‎ C．Martin Dahinden. D．Kwame Alexander.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Sylvia Colella部分中的“One thing that keeps me motivated is greatlooking workout or athletic wear”可知选B项。‎ ‎22．How much should you pay at least if you buy a Swiss Army Knife and Hankins's book?‎ A．＄35.90. B．＄53.03.‎ C．＄54.97. D．＄90.87.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Martin Dahinden部分中的“Victorinox Swiss Army Spartan Ⅱ Pocket Knife, ＄ 17.13”以及 Melissa Ho部分中的“Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change by Evelyn C. Hankins, ＄ 35.90”可知选B项。‎ ‎23．Which of the following is the most suitable for kids?‎ A．We Shall Overcome.‎ B．Koral Lustrous Legging.‎ C．Robert Irwin: All the Rules Will Change.‎ D．Victorinox Swiss Army EvoWood 17 Swiss Army Knife.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Kwame Alexander部分中的“A children's book gift basket with some of my favorites ...We Shall Overcome，”可知选A项。‎ B Robotic surgery is one thing, but sending a robot inside the body to carry out an operation is quite another, which has long been a goal of some researchers to produce tiny robotic devices being capable of traveling through the body to deliver drugs or to make repairs without the need for a single cut, the possibility of which has just got a bit closer.‎ However, unlike the plot of one film－which featured a microscopic crew and submarine traveling through a scientist's bloodstream — this device could not be inserted into blood vessels (管) because it is too big. While other types of miniature swallowable robots have been developed in the past, their role has mostly been limited to capturing images inside the body. In a presentation this week to the International Conference, Daniela Rus and Shuhei Miyashita of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology described a robot they have developed that can be swallowed and used to collect dangerous objects accidentally taken in. ‎ To test their latest version, Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita designed a robot as a battery hunter, which might seem to be an odd task, but more than 3,500 people in America alone, most of them children, swallow the tiny button cells used in small electronic devices by accident every year. To start with, the researchers created an artificial esophagus (食道) and stomach made out of silicone (硅胶). It was closely modeled on that found in a pig and filled with medical liquid; the robot itself is made from several layers of different materials, including pig intestine (肠), and contains a little magnet. This is folded up and encased in a 10mm×27mm capsule of ice. Once this reaches the stomach the ice melts and the robot unfolds which is moved and guided with the use of a magnetic field outside the body. In their tests, the robot was able to touch a button battery and draw it with its own magnet, and during dragging it along, the robot could then be directed towards the intestines where it would eventually be gotten rid of through the anus (肛门). After it, the researchers sent in another robot loaded with medication to deliver it to the site of the battery burn to speed up healing.‎ The artificial stomach being transparent on one side, the researchers were able to see the batteries and visually control the robots. If not, that will require help with the help from imaging system, which will be a bit more of a challenge, but Dr Rus and Dr Miyashita are determined to succeed.‎ 语篇解读：长期以来，研究人员都在尝试创造一种微型机器设备，能够游走于人体内，在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口。现在这种可能性已变得更为接近现实。麻省理工学院的丹妮拉·鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可收集人们不慎摄入的有害异物。‎ ‎24．According to the passage, the robot operation will probably be able to ________.‎ A．travel through a scientist's bloodstream B．photograph the body to convey to the doctor C．enter the body to deliver drugs or make repairs D．operate on a person outside the body completely 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，未来机器人手术可能能够将机器人植入体内传送药物或者修补伤口。故选项C符合题意。‎ ‎25．We learn from Paragraph 3 that ________.‎ A．the researchers did the experiment on a chosen animal B．the robot took necessary drugs besides a little magnet C．digesting the swallowed batteries is difficult for children D．the actual size of the robot may be larger than the capsule of ice 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，机器人被折叠起来包裹进10毫米宽、27毫米长的冰胶囊内。一旦进入胃部，冰层便会融化，机器人也会打开。显然，机器人真实的尺寸要比冰胶囊大。故选项D正确。‎ ‎26．What may the experiment mean to the medical world?‎ A．The surgeries will cost patients much money.‎ B．Patients will suffer less because of some surgeries.‎ C．Fewer children will swallow the button cells.‎ D．A robot will be invented travelling blood vessels.‎ 解析：‎ 选B　推理判断题。根据第一段和第三段第六、七句可知，将机器人植入体内实施手术是为了在不切割身体表面的情况下传送药物或者修补伤口，这样能够加速治愈过程。显然，这种实验对于医学界的意义在于病人将少遭受手术痛苦。故选项B符合题意。‎ ‎27．Which can be the most suitable title for the passage?‎ A．An Experiment on Robot B．Tiny Robot, Significant Role C．The Fantastic Robotic Voyage D．The Exploration of Robot Technology 解析：选C　标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句可知，麻省理工学院的丹妮拉·鲁斯和宫下修平研制的机器人可以被人吞咽，并可取出人们不慎摄入的有害物体。这对于被送入体内捕获异物的微型机器人来说无异于是一次在人体内的神奇之旅。故选项C符合题意。‎ C ‎(2018·辽宁沈阳育才中学模拟)The Crowne Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity — roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will be given meat tickets worth ＄36 once they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones attached to the handlebars measuring how much power is being generated for the hotel.‎ The plan, a worldfirst, will start on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Frederikke Toemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There might be people who will cycle just to get a free meal, but generally I don't think ‎ people will take advantage of our programme.”‎ Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world, according to the website visitcopenhagen. dk. US environmental website treehugger. com recently voted Copenhagen the world's best city for cyclists. “Because Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well as a symbol of the hotel's green profile (形象)．”‎ If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.‎ 语篇解读：本文提到的电动自行车免餐计划是为了增强人们的健康，推广酒店的环保理念。‎ ‎28．What is the main purpose of the free meal programme?‎ A．To promote the hotel's green concept.‎ B．To make the city known to the world.‎ C．To attract people to the hotel restaurant.‎ D．To get guests to stay longer at the hotel.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中“The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint.”可知，这个想法是让人们身体健康，并减少碳排放量。即推广酒店的绿色理念。故选A。‎ ‎29．How can a participant get a free meal?‎ A．By becoming a professional cyclist.‎ B．By cycling to produce some electricity.‎ C．By linking a smart phone to a bicycle.‎ D．By monitoring his or her carbon footprint.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The Crowne Plaza ‎ Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator (发电机)．”可知，通过骑自行车为宾馆生产一些电的人们才能得到免费的一餐。故选B。‎ ‎30．Who are most likely to enter for the programme?‎ A．The poor local people.‎ B．The environment activists.‎ C．Healthconscious hotel guests.‎ D．Visitors fond of Copenhagen food.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part.”可知，只有住在酒店的客人才能参加。故选C。‎ ‎31．According to Paragraph 3, Copenhagen has one of the world's ________？‎ A．best chain hotels B．greenest natural environments C．longest bike paths D．highest rates of people cycling to work 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Copenhagen has a longstanding cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of the highest percentages in the world”可知，骑自行车上班的人的比例最高，故选D。‎ D Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious ‎ warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.‎ Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”‎ Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”．‎ According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”‎ Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps,‎ ‎ deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”‎ The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.‎ 语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。‎ ‎32．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?‎ A．To send people to Mars.‎ B．To build a lunar base.‎ C．To send astronauts to the Moon.‎ D．To change the future of humanity.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。‎ ‎33．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．speeded up B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”‎ 和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。‎ ‎34．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?‎ A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。‎ ‎35．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________.‎ A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ ‎(2018·福建泉港一中模拟)‎ ‎6 Tips for Healthy, White Teeth ‎·Go on a whiteteeth diet. If you're quaffing (畅饮) red wine and black tea, or smoking cigarettes, expect the results to show up as notsopearly whites.‎ ‎·Throw away your toothbrush or electric toothbrush head every two to three months.__36__According to dentist Harold Katz, the best way to brush is by placing your toothbrush at a 45degree angle against your gums (牙龈) and gently moving it in a circular motion. Grip the toothbrush like a pencil so you won't scrub (刷洗) too hard.‎ ‎·Use a tongue scraper (刮刀) every morning to remove tongue plaque (舌斑) and freshen breath. One cause of bad breath is the buildup of bacteria on the tongue, which a daily tongue scraping will help banish (消除). __37__‎ ‎·Eat “detergent (清洁剂)” foods that are firm or crisp to help clean teeth as you munch (咀嚼)．__38__ For best results, make “detergent” foods the final food you eat in your meal if you know you won't be able to brush your teeth after eating.‎ ‎·Stay fresh. Check by licking (舔) your palm and smelling it while it's wet. If you smell something, it's time for a sugarfree breath mint (薄荷). Shopping for mouthwash? __39__ Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue, making it more prone (易于) to bacteria.‎ ‎·Brushing your teeth first and last are the two most crucial times of the day, as saliva (唾液) which keeps plaque off teeth, dries up at night, so it's best to have all plaque cleaned off the teeth before sleep.__40__‎ A．Make sure it's alcohol free.‎ B．Apples are good, as are raw carrots, celery and popcorn.‎ C．Otherwise, you're just transferring bacteria to your mouth.‎ D．However, the bacteria won't be staying on the top of your ‎ tongue.‎ E．It's more effective than brushing your tongue with a toothbrush too.‎ F．When you sleep without bacteria in your mouth, you will feel much better.‎ G．It's also important to brush first in the morning to remove plaque and bacteria built up as you slept.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了六条保持牙齿洁白、健康的建议。‎ ‎36．解析：选C　根据此空前“Throw away your toothbrush ...every two to three months.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。C项(否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。符合语境。)‎ ‎37．解析：选E　根据空前的“One cause of bad breath ..., which a daily tongue scraping will help banish(清除)．”可知，刮舌板有助于有效清除舌头上堆积的细菌，故此处描述的是刮舌板的益处。E项意为“这比用牙刷刷你的舌面更加有效”，符合上下文逻辑。其中it 指代Use a tongue scraper every morning ...这件事。‎ ‎38．解析：选B　根据空前建议吃有清洁作用的硬的或脆的食物，边咀嚼边清洗牙齿可知，此段应涉及所吃的食物。只有B项中出现了食物。故选B项。‎ ‎39．解析：选A　根据本空后“Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue ...”可知，此处应是建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。故选A项。‎ ‎40．解析：选G　根据最后一段，建议起床后第一件事和睡觉前最后一件事是刷牙，以及本空前描述要在睡觉前刷牙可知，此处应该是早晨起来也要刷牙。G项意为“‎ 同样重要的是早晨起来先刷牙，以此来清除夜间睡觉堆积起来的牙菌斑和细菌”，符合逻辑。故选G项。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ Do you know how discipline can help you achieve your goals? Do you know that discipline is important to __41__？ What is the power of discipline? How to become disciplined?‎ You might think that many people are not self disciplined, __42__ I'm going to prove to you that people in general are disciplined, but __43__， in nonbeneficial ways. There are many people who smoke daily__44__ the fact that it is harmful and __45__ and it could kill them. Such people are disciplined at __46__ cigarettes and smoking. There are people who are disciplined at drinking lots of alcohol daily. Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol. Do you__47__ where I am going with this?‎ One of my friends who has a __48__ for running spends half an hour every single morning running. Whether it is snowing or raining, she has to run. This is the kind of __49__ discipline that you are supposed to__50__ and create in your life.‎ Do you know someone who bought a book, but didn't finish__51__ it for some reason? Do you know someone who decided to improve his__52__ and start eating more vegetables and fruit, but after two weeks, he__53__？‎ These are all examples of __54__ of discipline. If you are not disciplined, then you will have a hard time to get your__55__. As I mentioned in my book The ultimate guide to achieving your goals that you could know what you want, __56__， and take action, but if you are not selfdisciplined, you will__57__ give up.‎ With discipline, you can start getting up early in the morning, exercise, and __58__ yourself of the nonbeneficial habits such as smoking and eating nonhealthy food. With discipline, you can change negative habits to positive habits. With discipline, you can join the gym and start working on having a __59__ body. Do you see what the__60__ of discipline can do?‎ Always remember what Jim Rohn said, “One discipline always leads to another discipline. ”‎ 语篇解读：自制力能够帮助我们实现目标并取得成功。本文主要讲述了自制的力量及其对人们的影响，作者呼吁人们加强自律，改掉恶习，培养健康向上的生活习惯。‎ ‎ 41.A.wealth　　　　　　　 B．success C．fortune D．health 解析：选B　根据上文的“how discipline can help you achieve your goals”可知，你知道自律对于成功的重要性吗？success意为“成功”；wealth意为“财富”；fortune意为“财富，运气”；health意为“健康”。‎ ‎ 42.A.for B．and C．or D．but 解析：选D　你也许认为很多人不自律，但是我要向你证明的是人们一般是有自律性的。根据句意可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故选项D符合题意。but意为“但是”；for意为“因为”；and意为“和”；or意为“或者”。‎ ‎43．A.unfortunately B．unwillingly C．unnecessarily D．unexpectedly 解析：选A　根据下文的“many people who smoke daily”以及 ‎ ‎“people who are disciplined at drinking lots of alcohol daily”可知，但不幸的是，人们的纪律性表现在了有害的方面。unfortunately意为“不幸地，遗憾地”；unwillingly 意为“不愿意地，不情愿地”；unnecessarily意为“没必要地，不需要地”； unexpectedly 意为“意外地，出人意料地”。‎ ‎44．A.besides B．despite C．except D．without 解析：选B　尽管吸烟有害是一个事实，但是有很多人每天都吸烟。根据句意可知上下文之间为转折关系，故选项B符合题意。despite意为“尽管，虽然”；besides意为“除了……还有……”；except意为“除了……之外”；without意为“没有，缺乏”。‎ ‎45．A.courageous B．disgusting C．dangerous D．forbidden 解析：选C　根据上文的“the fact that it is harmful”以及下文的“it could kill them”可知，吸烟是有害和危险的。dangerous意为“危险的，有危害的”；courageous意为“勇敢的，无畏的”；disgusting意为“令人厌恶的，令人反感的”；forbidden意为“被禁止的”。‎ ‎46．A.selling B．buying C．getting D．consuming 解析：选D　根据下文的“Such people are disciplined at consuming alcohol”可知，这些人在消耗烟草和吸烟方面是自律的。consume意为“消耗，消费”；sell意为“卖，出售”；buy意为“购买”；get意为“得到，获得”。‎ ‎47．A.care B．see C．feel D．mind 解析：选B　你明白我说这些要表达什么意思吗？see意为“明白，领会”；care意为“关心，在乎”；feel意为“感觉，感到”；mind意为“介意”。‎ ‎48．A.passion B．gift C．respect D．reason 解析：选A　根据下文的“Whether it is snowing or raining, she has to run”可知，我有一个酷爱跑步的朋友，每天早晨跑步半小时。passion意为“酷爱，激情”；gift意为“天赋，礼物”；respect意为“尊重，尊敬”；reason意为“原因，理由”。‎ ‎49．A.formal B．positive C．negative D．religious 解析：选B　我有个朋友酷爱跑步，每天早晨跑步半小时，这是一种积极的自律。positive意为“积极的，肯定的”； formal意为“正式的”；negative意为“消极的，否定的”；religious意为“宗教的”。‎ ‎50．A.form B．learn C．follow D．believe 解析：选C　这是一种你应该在你的生活中遵循和创造的自律。follow意为“遵循”；form意为“形成”；learn意为“学习”；believe意为“相信”。‎ ‎51．A.reading B．reciting C．analyzing D．reviewing 解析：选A　你知道有人买了一本书，但是因为某种原因没有读完吗？read意为“阅读”；recite意为“背诵”；analyze意为“分析”；review意为“审查，评论，复习”。‎ ‎52．A.service B．diet C．skill D．performance 解析：选B　根据下文的“start eating more vegetables and fruit”可知，有人决定改善自己的饮食。diet意为“饮食”；service意为“服务”；skill意为“技巧”；performance意为“表现，演出”。‎ ‎53．A.broke down B．turned up C．gave up D．set out 解析：选C　但是两周后，他就放弃了。give up意为“放弃”；break down意为“失败；出故障；感情失控”；turn up意为“出现，露面”；set out 意为“出发，启程”。‎ ‎54．A.lack B．gesture C．sign D．symbol 解析：选A　这些都是缺乏自律的例子。lack意为“缺乏，不足”；gesture意为“手势，姿势”；sign意为“符号，标牌，迹象”；symbol意为“象征”。‎ ‎55．A.attention B．order C．credit D．desire 解析：选D　句意：如果你没有自律性，那么你将难以实现你的愿望。desire意为“愿望，渴望”；attention意为“注意，专注”；order意为“命令，顺序”；credit意为“信用，赞扬”。‎ ‎56．A.plan B．listen C．ask D．hope 解析：选A　正如我在我的《实现你的目标终极指南》的书中所提到的，你能知道你想要的，做好计划并采取行动。plan意为“计划”；listen意为“听”；ask意为“问”；hope意为“希望”。‎ ‎57．A.obviously B．practically C．likely D．quickly 解析：选C　但是如果你没有自律性，你将可能放弃。likely意为“可能”；obviously意为“显然地”；practically意为“实际上”；quickly意为“快速地”。‎ ‎58．A.persuade B．inform C．deliver D．break 解析：选D　有自律性，你能够每天早上早起、锻炼，你能把自己身上像吸烟和吃不健康食物的坏习惯改掉。break意为“戒除，摆脱，打破”；persuade意为“劝说，说服”；inform意为“通知，告知”；deliver意为“递送，运送”。‎ ‎59．A.healthier B．weaker C．heavier D．clumsier 解析：选A　有自律性，你能进入体育馆，开始为有一个更健康的身体而努力。healthy意为“健康的”；weak意为“虚弱的”；heavy意为“重的”；clumsy意为“笨拙的”。‎ ‎60．A.demand B．power C．principle D．measure 解析：选B　根据上文的“What is the power of discipline”可知，你明白自律的力量能做什么了吗？power意为“力量”；demand意为“要求”；principle意为“原理，原则”；measure意为“措施”。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎(2018·广西桂林中学段考)‎ The Importance of Hobbies A hobby is something that one likes to do in one's spare time. A hobby is treated as a favorite activity that a person does for pleasure and not as __61__ regular business.‎ A hobby is not an inborn preference. It __62__ (develop) through a constant and systematic process. A hobby is not pursued__63__ (make) a profit. The main purpose of a hobby is to derive pleasure out of it. It gives us mental and physical__64__ (relax). One makes the best use of one's spare time by pursuing a hobby.‎ While__65__ (make) a choice out of many ways of spending our time, we ought to ensure something that restores our lost energy and cheers__66__ up. There are a good number of hobbies. The hobby that fits our interest, nature and our budget would be the__67__ (good)．‎ The hobby__68__ (select) by teens depends upon the time for hobbies. While teens become busy in shaping their careers, it is very important to develop a hobby, __69__ can open up new views of knowledge, entertainment and careers.‎ As a student, one may develop the hobby of reading newspapers and magazines__70__ (regular). They keep one aware of the current events. In the long run, one will benefit from it if one has to appear in competitive examinations.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了培养业余爱好的重要性以及怎样选择合适的爱好等。‎ ‎61.a　考查冠词。与前面的 as a favorite activity 对应，指爱好不是一件日常事务。‎ ‎62．is developed　考查语态。此处指爱好的形成，因此要用被动语态。‎ ‎63．to make　考查不定式。此处的不定式作目的状语。‎ ‎64．relaxation　考查词形转换。空前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，因此需要将relax变成名词。‎ ‎65．making　考查现在分词。make与其逻辑主语 we之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎66．us　考查代词。与前面的 restores our lost energy 呼应，指使得我们振作起来。‎ ‎67．best　考查形容词最高级。根据语义可知，指那种适合我们的兴趣、性格和预算的爱好，才是最好的。‎ ‎68．selected　考查过去分词。这里的hobby与select构成被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎69．which　考查定语从句。which引导了一个非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎70．regularly　考查副词。此处用副词作状语来修饰谓语动词。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ It's reported that some Chinese tourists behave badly travel at home and abroad.They speak loudly in public places, carve characters at tourist attractions, throw a rubbish everywhere, even cross the road when the traffic lights are still red. Such bad behavior had caused damage to what people think of themselves and our country.Actions should be taken to stop this.First, tourists should be educating to obey social and public order, and respect locally religions and customs. Besides, laws should be made to punish those which don't behave politely in public. I hope soon tourists will change their behavior and win respect of themselves and our country. ‎ 答案：第一句：travel→travel(l)ing 第二句：去掉rubbish前的a; even前加and 第三句：had→has; themselves→them 第四句：Actions→Action 第五句：educating→educated; locally→local 第六句：which→who或that 第七句：of→for 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎(2018·咸阳模拟)假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom来信询问雾霾严重时你校如何保证正常上课。请你根据以下要点给Tom回信：‎ ‎1．政府在学校安装新风系统；‎ ‎2．家长捐献空气净化器；‎ ‎3．学校减少户外活动。‎ 参考词汇：雾霾haze；新风系统 fresh air system; 空气净化器 air purifier 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Tom，‎ I am writing in response to your concern about ways of ensuring normal teaching activities in our school in case of heavy haze.Thanks for your concern anyway.‎ Several parties are involved in fighting haze.First of all, the government has installed the fresh air system, an air conditioner allowing purified air to circulate without opening the windows.Second, enthusiastic parents have donated enough air purifiers which help to relieve air pollution caused by haze and improve the air quality. What's more, our school tries to limit the time for outdoor activities, exposing us to as little polluted air as possible.‎ Thanks to the joint efforts, we are now enjoying our school life.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．The teacher ordered the boy to copy the sentence 50 times；the unfair treatment (treat) made him very unhappy.‎ ‎2．Don't lend your textbooks to those people; it is difficult to_recover (recover) the books from them when you want them.‎ ‎3．The loss (lose) of income for the government is about ＄250 million a month. ‎ ‎4．The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable (comfort) to sit in.‎ ‎5．The seeds begin to grow only when they receive the needed chemical (chemistry) signals.‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Having recovered his cold，the boy came back to school quickly. recovered后加from ‎2．First of all, two subways have been built in my city to ease the traffic pressures. pressures→pressure ‎3．Being public figure is now much more difficult than it used to owing to the Internet.public前加a ‎4．You don't have to change yourself — you are fine just so you are.so→as ‎5．Wet and fine, he got up at six or took a walk in the park.or→and ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．My classmates usually read English for half an hour in the morning, and so_do_I.‎ 我的同学经常在早晨读半小时英文，我也一样。‎ ‎2．The boss ordered us to keep_him_informed_of the fresh developments.‎ 老板让我们随时告诉他最新的进展。‎ ‎3．You don't have to change yourself — you are fine just as_you_are.‎ 不必改变自己——你这样很好。‎ ‎4．Nothing_is_more_valuable_than_life_and_health in the world.‎ 在这个世界上， 没有什么比生命和健康更宝贵。‎ ‎5．Who_do_you_think will win the champion of 10, 000 metre race?‎ 你认为谁会赢得一万米赛跑的冠军？‎