2020届北师大版高考英语语言知识运用冲刺集训：语法填空5 9页

语法填空5‎ ‎1、    Everyone needs friends. Friends are people with ①__________we can share secrets. And we can also turn to them for help when in trouble.‎ ‎    Friends bring us happiness and hope in our lives. But the ability to make friends ②__________(change) from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and to others it's very difficult. ③__________(make) friends, you must first of all be friendly and kind. Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile ④__________ return. And you should think more of others than of ⑤__________(you).‎ ‎    No two people are ⑥__________(exact) the same. If you don't agree with other people, you should still be friendly. Do not argue, ⑦__________ discuss. You will always lose friends if you argue too much. Don't complain. No one is willing to hear your endless ⑧__________(complain) all the time. Therefore, you should learn to accept what you can’t change.‎ ‎    Here is more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don't have. Why? It could be that they are ⑨__________(happy). Being happy helps you stay well and ⑩__________ could be good just knowing that someone cares about you.‎ ‎2、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    A festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This is a traditional festival in Japan and many ①__________(celebrate) are held. This festival is a cheerful occasion. ②__________this day,the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be ③__________(hunger) after their long journey, food is laid out for them. Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house ④__________(help) the dead to find their way. All night long, people dance and sing. In the early mornings the food that has been laid out for the dead is ⑤__________(throw) into a river or into the sea as ⑥__________ is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns ⑦__________ are near the sea,the small lanterns hung in the streets the night before are placed into the water when the festival is over. Thousands of lanterns slowly drift(漂) out to the sea ⑧__________(guide) the dead on their return journey to the other world. At ⑨__________same time, crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away ⑩__________ they can no more be seen.‎ ‎3、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    China, which takes pride in four inventions in ancient times, has once again shown its ability ①__________(change) the world with its “new” four great inventions: high-speed railways, electronic payment, shared bicycles and online shopping.‎ ‎    Recently, the “new” four great inventions ②__________(improve) the quality of people’s lives. Thanks to online shopping and mobile payment, people can buy what they want ③__________(simple) with a tap of the phone within doors. High-speed trains have shortened ④__________ journey from Beijing to the coastal city Tianjin to half an hour. As for the bikes, they themselves are not new. It is the operating model of bike-sharing ⑤__________(base) on satellite navigation(导航)system, mobile payment as well as big data ⑥__________has surprised the world. Shared bicycles are bringing cycling back ⑦__________people’s lives and they are making public transport more ⑧__________(attract).‎ ‎    It is increasingly clear thatChinais no longer ⑨__________(copy) western ideas and is leading in many new ways. A growing number of foreign ⑩__________(company) hope to promote the development in their home country by highlighting the need for technological achievements like that of China.‎ ‎4、阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    An old proverb says, "Friends are like wine; the older, the better," So, nowadays many people consider old friends to be ①__________( important) than new friends. For example, if two pieces of advice ②__________( give) to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from ③__________old friend, people will always tend to ④__________(adoption) the latter one,although the new friend’s advice may be better.‎ ‎    ⑤__________( disagree) with the old proverb, I believe that new friends are not ⑥__________( necessary) worse than old friends. Why? Because the length of time cannot determine whether your friendship is deeper or not.‎ ‎    Once you call someone a friend, he must be a person who is ⑦__________( rely)and who has interests in common with ⑧__________As time goes by, a friends look may change, but the character of him won't change. It is just the unchangeable character ⑨__________makes him a friend of yours. ⑩__________, there are no differences between old friends and new friends.‎ ‎5、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单间或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎    Youth seems to be fading away in my We, only leaving me some unforgettable①__________(memory). Things that we believed would last forever had②__________(actual) gone in a second before we realized it. Those who we used to deeply love have now become strangers. Our once pure and beautiful dream is gradually fading away with time passing by. This is youth, ③__________is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity.‎ ‎    Human is such a strange animal that we mostly ignore something  ④__________we lose it. We  ⑤__________(gain) a lot of things, but also we have lost a lot. We are in great effort in changing our fate and bringing more happiness to people around us. However, we soon realize it is difficult ⑥__________(achieve) any of them. It is a lifelong promise. Many things would change with time and no one can guarantee eternity (永恒). So, silence becomes the best ⑦__________(solve) to all difficulties and hardships.‎ ‎    The flying youth has deposited (沉积) too many things in our heart. Life should ⑧__________(treat) with special care. We should treasure every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because ⑨__________best things will be gone very easily. If you do not want to have tearing eyes, then just try to smile and hold a positive attitude towards  ⑩__________(you) life every day!‎ ‎6、    Frank was a bright but lazy boy. The first time Frank saw an hourglass, he was very much interested and asked ①__________. it was. Seeing that it was a good chance to give his son a lesson, his mother explained, "An hourglass ②__________(make) in the shape of the figure '8'. The sand is put in one end, and runs through a small hole in the middle. The sand ③__________(store) in the glass will go through in an hour."‎ ‎    Frank watched the sand running slowly and became ④__________(patient). "Let me shake the hourglass to help the sand run ⑤__________(fast), Mom,” he said. “It will never get through. ”‎ ‎    “It will, my son,” said his mother. “The sand moves by slowly, ⑥__________ it movies all the time, grain by grain. It never stops ⑦__________(think) how much it has to do, and how long it'll take. Actually, the sand in the hourglass runs through 24 times a day."‎ ‎    Now, Frank’s mother wanted him to learn ⑧__________ poem,but he said,“Mom, I can’t." “Do as the sand in the hourglass does,” said his mother.‎ ‎    ⑨__________(follow) his mother s advice, Frank studied line after line. And in one hour and a half he knew the poem ⑩__________(perfect).‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：whom; changes; To make; in; yourself; exactly; but; complaints; happier; it 解析：‎ ‎【文幸大意】这篇文章主要介绍了朋友对个人的影响及如何交友。‎ ‎1. whom 考査定语从句。with whom we can share secrets 是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people。‎ ‎2. changes考査时态。“交友能力因人而异”讲的是一般性情况,用一般现在时;主语是ability,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎3. To make考査非谓语动词。To make friends是不定式短语作目的状语。‎ ‎4. in考査固定搭配。in return的意思是“得到回报”。‎ ‎5. yourself考査代词。这里的意思是要多想着別人,少考虑自己,故用you的反身代词。‎ ‎6. exactly考査词性转换。由于修饰的是形容词,故用exact的副词形式。‎ ‎7. but考査连词。not...but...是习惯搭配,意思是“不是……而是……”。‎ ‎8. complaints考査词形变化。空格中所填单词在句中作hear 的宾语,故用complain的名词形式;这里用其复数形式表示“没完没了的抱怨”。‎ ‎9. happier考査比较级。这里说的是“有朋友的人比那些没有朋友的人更幸福”,故用happy的比较级happier。‎ ‎10.it考査代词。it在句中作形式主语,真正主语是后面的动名词短语knowing that someone cares about you。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：celebrations; On; hungry; to help; thrown; it; that/which; guiding; the; until/till 解析：‎ ‎1.celebrations 考査名词。由many可知此处应用celebrate的名词形式celebration的复数形式。‎ ‎2.On考查介词。特指在某一天应该用介词on。‎ ‎3. hungry考査词性转换。hunger“饥饿”,为名词,其形容词为hungry“饥饿的”,此处hungry位于系动词be后作表语,构成系表结构。‎ ‎4. to help考查非谓语动词。句意:特制的灯笼被悬挂在外面是为了帮助死者找到回家的路。表目的,目的状语需用动词不定式表示。‎ ‎5. thrown考査语态。食物被扔进河里,此处应该用被动语态。‎ ‎6.it考査代词。it在本句中作形式主语,其真正主语为后面的动词不定式复合结构for anyone living to eat it。句意:供过的食物被扔进河里或海里,因为任何活着的人吃它都会被认为是不吉利的。‎ ‎7. that/which考査定语从句。此句的意思是“在大海边附近的小镇", towns后面是定语从句。由towns _______ are near the sea可知定语从句缺少主语,且先行词为表示“物”的名词,故用 that 或 which。‎ ‎8. guiding考查非谓语动词。由语境可知lanterns与guide之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语,表主动,句意:无数的灯笼漂向大海,指引着死去的人们返回另一个世界。‎ ‎9. the考査冠词,固定搭配:at the same time“同时”。‎ ‎10. until/till考査连由语境可知空白处意为“直到”,故用until或till。句意:人们站在岸边看着灯笼飘走直到看不到为止。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：to change; have improved; simply; the; based; that; to; attractive; copying; companies 解析：‎ 中国古代有伟大的四大发明,改变了世界。现在中国“新的四大发明”也正在改变着世界。这新的四大发明是什么呢?‎ ‎1. to change考查非谓语动词。此处表示“中国再次显示了自己改变世界的能力”,不定式作定语,the ability to do sth.做某事的能力。‎ ‎2. have improved考査动词时态句意:近来,“新的四大发明”已经改善了人们的生活质量根据语境和时间状语Recently可知应该用现在完成时,因为主语是复数形式,所以答案为have improved。‎ ‎3. simply考査词性转换。此处表示“人们仅仅在家里敲击一下手机, 就能买到他们想要的东西”。设空处应该用副词修饰后面的with a tap...‎ ‎4. the考查冠词。句意:高铁把从北京到沿海城市天津的车程缩短到了半个小时。定冠词the表示特指,此处特指“从北京到天津的车程”。‎ ‎5. based考査非谓语动词。此处表示“建立在卫星导航系统、电子支付和大数据基础上的共享单车的运作模式”。设空处是非谓语动词作定语,根据固定搭配be based on可知答案为based。be based on建立在……基础上。‎ ‎6. that考查特殊句式:分析句子结构可知,此处是强调句式,即"It is+ 被强调部分+that...",所以答案为that。‎ ‎7. to考查介词:此处表示“共享单车正在把骑自行车带回到人们的生活中”。bring...back to把...带回到...‎ ‎8.attractive考查词性转换它们使公共交通更有吸引力。此处为 “make+宾语+宾补”结构,意为“使某物……”。设空处应该用形容词作宾补。‎ ‎9. copying考查动词时态。句意:越来越明显,中国不再照搬西方的想法,而且在很多方面取得领先。根据语境和句子结构可知要用现在进行时,故填copying。‎ ‎10. companies 考査名词单复数.根据空格前的修饰同A growing number of (越来越多的)可知空格处的名词应该用其复数形式。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：more important; are given; an; adopt; Disagreeing; necessarily; reliable; you; that; Therefore 解析：‎ 在我们的日常生活中老朋友和新朋友各自起到什么样的作用呢?到底哪类朋友更好一点呢?‎ ‎1. more important考査形容词比较级:根据语境和设空处后的than 可知此处要用比较级。‎ ‎2. are given考査时态和语态及主谓一致,设空处是从句的谓语动词. 与其主语之间是被动关系且描述一般情况.主语是复数形式,所以答案为 are given。‎ ‎3. an考査冠词。根据前文的a new friend可知此处应该是an old friend,所以答案为an。‎ ‎4. adopt考査非谓语动词。这里表示人们总是倾向于采取后者;tend to do sth.易于做某事。所以设空处要用动词原形adopt。‎ ‎5. Disagreeing考査非谓语动词作状语。设空处动作与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式。‎ ‎6. necessarily考査副词。not necessarily意为“不一定”,符合语境,所以答案为necessarily。‎ ‎7. rdiable考査形容词。设空处在第一个who引导的定语从句中充当系动词is的表语,所以要用形容词形式。‎ ‎8. you考査代词. have sth. in common with sb.(兴趣、想法等)与某人相同。根据语境可知此处用代词you。‎ ‎9. that考査强调句。被强调部分是事物,所以答案为that。‎ ‎10. Therefore考査副词.句意:因此,老朋友和新朋友没有什么不同之处。由句意可知,设空处填Therefore。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：memories; actually ; which; until/before/unless; have gained; to achieve; solution; be treated; the; your 解析：‎ ‎1. 考查名词复数。青春似乎在我的心中消逝,只留给我一些难以忘怀的记忆。根据前面的“ some unforgettable 1.(memory)," some unforgettable 可知,有许多令人难忘的记忆,所以要用复数memories。‎ ‎2. 考查副词作数。事实上,那些我们认为会永远存在的事情在我们意识到之前实际上已经过去了。分析句子可知,本句中的形容词actual在句子中作状语修饰gone,因此要用其副词形式,故用actually。‎ ‎3. 考查非限制性定语从句。分析This is youth,3. is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness 可知, 本句中的youth是先行词,在定语从句中作主语,故用 which。这就是青春,从从熟悉到陌生,从陌生到熟悉,这是一个无止境的循环。‎ ‎4. 考查连词。分析句子可知,是说人在失去某些东西时/之后才会知道忽略了它。故可填until/before/unless。‎ ‎5. 考查谓语动词。根据后一句“but also we have lost a lot.”可知,表示已收获了很多的同时也失去了很多,表示动作已完成,故填 have gained ‎6. 考查固定句式。It is+形容词+ to do sth,为固定句式,这种句式中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。 句意:然而,我们很快意识到要实现它们是很困难的。故本题填 to achieve。‎ ‎7. 考查名词。分析句子 So,silence becomes the best 7.(solve)to all difficulties and hardships.可知,本句中的动词solve被形容词the best修饰,可知本题要填名词, 故用solve的名词solution。句意:因此,为了达到目的,沉默是解决所有困难和困难的最好办法。‎ ‎8. 考查被动语态。分析句子Life should 8. (treat)…可知Life是应该特别小心(被)对待。所以要用被动。而should后要用动词原形,故填(should)be treated。‎ ‎9. 考查冠词。分析9. best things可知,形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,故本题填the。‎ ‎10.考查人代词。分析句子 If you do not want to have tearing eyes…,hold a positive attitude towards 10. (you) life every day!可知如果你不想流泪,那就试着微笑,每天积极面对生活。因为you来修饰名词life,故用形容词物主代词your。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：what; is made; stored; impatient; faster; but; to think; a; Following; perfectly 解析：‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一位聪明的妈妈教育孩子的故事。妈妈用沙漏做比喻,教育孩子做事情要有耐心、循序渐进，只要用心去做,事情就会水到渠成的。‎ ‎1. what考査名词性从句。what it was是宾语从句,其中what在从句中作表语。‎ ‎2. is made考査时态语态。主语hourglass是谓语动词动作make的承受者,谓语动词用被动语态;这里说的是经常性情况,用一般现在时。‎ ‎3. stored考査非谓语动词。stored in the glass是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰sand,分词动作store与逻辑主语sand之间是被动关系。‎ ‎4. impatient考査词形变化。该句话意思是“弗兰克看到沙子流动太慢,变得不耐烦起来。”,故用patient的反义词。‎ ‎5. faster考査比较级。弗兰克想摇动沙漏,让沙子流动更快些, 故用fast的比较级。‎ ‎6. but考査连词。前后句之间在意义上是转折关系,用but连接。‎ ‎7. to think考査非谓语动词。stop to do sth.意思是“停下来去做某事”,符合语境。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。‎ ‎8. a考查冠词。妈妈是要弗兰克学习一首诗(a poem)。‎ ‎9. Following 考査非谓语动词。following his mother’s advice 是现在分词短语作状语,分词动作follow与逻辑主语弗兰克之间是主动关系。‎ ‎10. perfectly考査词形变化。空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词,需用perfect的副词形式。‎ ‎ ‎