【英语】2018届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquake学案(3) 9页

高一英语必修一导学案 Unit4 Earthquakes 第一课时 阅读课（语篇分析）‎ 学习目标：‎ ‎1. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.‎ ‎2. Get the students to learn about Tangshan Earthquake and understand the text.‎ ‎3. Get the students to learn different reading skills.‎ Step1.语篇导读Lead-in ‎1.What natural disasters have you heard of?‎ ‎2. Which disaster may cause the worst damage? Have you ever experienced an earthquake? ‎ ‎3. Discussion：How much do you know about an earthquake?‎ Step2. Pre-reading----Talk about the title “A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep”‎ Step3. Fast reading来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]‎ I.‎‎ 用一句话概括 What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ The passage mainly talks about a terrible________(回答what?) that happened in ________( where?) in _______( when? ) and caused great damage to people. (What result?)[来源:学科网]‎ II. Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.‎ Para.1 _____________________________________________________________‎ Para.2 ____________________________________________________________‎ Para.3 ______________________________________________________________‎ Para.4 ___________________________________________________________‎ III. Match the sentences. Divide the passage into three parts and find out the main idea of each part.‎ Part 1 (Para.1 ) What happened during the quake and the damage caused by the quake.‎ Part 2 ( ) The rescue work after the earthquake Part 3 ( ) Signs before the earthquake.‎ ‎☆点拨：Structure of the whole passage ‎ How is the passage organized? (In what order is the passage written?) →‎ IV. Choose the best answers.‎ ‎1) The title “A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep” means “_________”‎ A. The earth was wide awake all night long.‎ B. People on the earth couldn’t fall asleep that night.‎ C. The earth shook like crazy and wouldn’t stop that night, causing great damage to people.‎ D. Animals on the earth would not sleep that night.‎ ‎2) What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake.‎ B. If the earthquake had happened in the daytime, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.‎ C. There wouldn’t have been such a great earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.‎ D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive.‎ ‎3）According to the author’s description, which of the following statements about the earthquake is not right? ____________________.‎ A. The whole nation felt it. B. Buildings were badly destroyed during it.‎ C. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt D. A large number of people lost their lives.‎ ‎4) Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan Earthquake?‎ A. The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very moment.‎ B. There weren’t enough rescue workers.‎ C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake.‎ D. People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.‎ ‎5) What is the mood of this passage?‎ A. Sad. 　B. Serious. 　C. Serious and a bit sad. 　D. Calm.‎ Step4. Careful reading I.完成下列表格 Main idea Details Signs before the earthquake ‎(Para.1)‎ ‎(1)______ things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.‎ The water in the wells (2)_______ and (3)________.‎ A (4)________ gas came out of the cracks.‎ The chickens and even the pigs were too (5)______ to (6)___.‎ Mice (7)____ out of the fields looking for places to hide.‎ Fish (8)_______ out of their bowls and ponds.‎ At about (9)_____ a.m. on July 28,1976，people saw (10)________ in the sky.‎ Damage caused by earthquake ‎(Paras.2～3)‎ At 3:‎42 ‎a.m.the (11)________earthquake of the 20th century had begun (12)___kilometres directly below the city.‎ ‎(13)________ burst from holes in the ground.‎ Hard hills of rock became rivers of (14)______..‎ ‎(15)________ covered the ground like red autumn leaves.‎ Two (16)_______ and most of the bridges fell.‎ The railway tracks were now (17)______ pieces of (18)_____.‎ ‎(19)_______ now filled the wells instead of water.‎ Water，food，and (20)_________ were hard to get.‎ II..填入正确的数据 （→The data show how _______ the earthquake was. ）‎ ‎(1)_______ of the nation felt the earthquake. ‎ ‎(2) In ____ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.‎ ‎(3)_____ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.‎ ‎(4)The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than ________.‎ ‎(5)All of the city’s hospitals, ____ of its factories and buildings and _____of its homes were gone.‎ III. Discussion 1) How did the army and rescue workers help the people in Tangshan?‎ 2) Why did so mangy people die in the earthquake according to the text?‎ 3) What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthquake?‎ Step5. Deal with long difficult sentences 与同桌讨论、理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语。‎ ‎1.原句：“Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.” ‎ ‎ 句子结构分析：这是一个复杂的简单句。现在分词短语looking for places to hide在句中表______，作_________状语。‎ ‎ 翻译：_____________________________________________________.‎ ‎ 2. 原句：“But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.”‎ 分析：这是一个_______(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为____________, 谓语为_______, asleep在句中作_______, 中间跟一个由who引导的________从句：“who thought little of these events”, who 在从句中充当______, 修饰的先行词为___________ .‎ 翻译：_________________________________________________________.‎ ‎3. 原句：“A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.”‎ 分析：这是一个_______(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为_________,谓语为___________, cut across在这里意为: “__________”, 中间跟一个由that引导的________从句：“that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide”, that 在从句中充当______, 修饰的先行词为___________ .‎ 翻译：_____________________________________________________.‎ ‎4． 原句：“The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.” (Page 26, Para 4)‎ ‎ 译：______________________________________________________________。‎ ‎ 从结构上看，这是一个___________句 (简单句/并列句/复合句)。______________________________是定语从句，修饰先行词those；“and”起连接作用，连接____________和___________。‎ ‎5. 原句：“Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.‎ 分析：这是一个_______(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为_________,谓语为___________, 句尾由一个whose引导的________从句： “whose homes had been destroyed”, 其中whose在从句中充当_______, survivors跟homes存在一种_______关系；从句修饰的先行词为__________ 。‎ 翻译：_________________________________________________________.‎ Step6. 高级写作训练Write a summary of the passage within 30 words.‎ On July 28,1976, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century _______ Tangshan, Hebei Province, ________(从句的引导词) destroyed almost everything. Soon many soldiers __________, _________( bring的非谓语形式 ) hope for a new life.‎ Step7. 课文回顾 Go through the Reading again and then fill in the blanks with the books closed according to the given capital letter. ‎ Several days before July 28, 1976, many s_________ things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the e_________. But people in the city of Tang Shan thought l________ of these. At 3:42 am everything began to s_______, which d_______ everything of the city. People were s________. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tang Shan. Some of the r_________ workers and doctors were t________ under the r________. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and e________ were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the d_________ would last. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent to ‎ help the people in Tangshan. Slowly, the city began to b________ again. ‎ 高一英语必修1Unit4Earthquake导学案2‎ 第二课时 阅读课（语言点处理）‎ 学习目标：‎ ‎1. Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as injure, destroy, burst, rescue, as if, etc.‎ ‎2. Get the students to master the usages of the patterns: “It seemed that the world was at an end” and “All hope was not lost”. etc.‎ Step1. 课文知识点重现 根据中文提示完成下列句子。（方法指导：熟读课文，独立完成练习，然后校正答案。）‎ ‎1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were______________________________ (紧张的不想吃食).‎ ‎2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings ______________________ (爆裂开来).‎ ‎3. But one million people of the city, who __________________________ (几乎都没有把这些情况当回事), were asleep ________________(照常) that night.‎ ‎4. It seemed ____________ the world was ________________(世界似乎到了末日). ‎ ‎5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city ___________________ (沉沦在一片废墟之中).‎ ‎6. The ___________ of the people __________________ (人们遭受的灾难极为深重).‎ ‎7. _________(无论朝哪里) they looked nearly everything was destroyed.‎ ‎8. People were __________(惊呆了) to see two-thirds of them die or __________(受伤) and（成千上万）_______________families were killed during the earthquake.‎ ‎9. Some of the ________________ (救援人员) and doctors ________________ (被困) under the ruins.[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎10. Water, food, and electricity were ________________________ .(很难弄到)‎ ‎11. The army organized teams _______________ (挖掘) those who were trapped and _________________________ (掩埋死者).‎ ‎12. Workers _______________ (盖起避难所) for survivors __________________(家园被毁).‎ Step2. 语言点讲与练 (请同学们借助《创新方案》或词典课前独立完成。)‎ I.‎‎ 重点句型突破 ‎1.It seemed as if the world was at an end!‎ 句子结构分析：It seemed as if是固定句型结构，意为“____________”。as if意为__________; at an end意为_______________.‎ 说明: 也可说It seems that...替代It seems as if, 其中as if 可用as though替代, 常用在动词look，seem，feel等之后引导_______从句。如果从句表示的情况接近事实，从句用______语气；反之，如果从句表示的情况与事实相反，或者是不可能发生，从句用_______语气 仿写 ‎⑴ 好像有人在叫你。‎ ‎_______________________________.‎ ‎⑵ 看来他似乎很笨, 但事实上比我们更聪明。‎ ‎______________________________，but in fact he is cleverer than every one of us.‎ ‎⑶ 他说起罗马(Rome)来好像他以前去过罗马似的。‎ He talks about Rome __________________________________________ .‎ ‎2. All hope was not lost. ‎ ‎ 句子结构分析： all 与not 连用表示_______否定。‎ 句型: all... not=not all... 并非都……‎ 说明: all, both, each, always, every及every的合成词与not 连用时表______否定。‎ 仿写 ‎⑴不是所有的学生都通过了考试。‎ ‎_____________________ passed the exam.‎ ‎⑵ 并不是每个人都像你那么自私。‎ ‎________________________ as selfish as you.‎ II. 重点动词突破 ‎1. injure ‎★观察例句：‎ ‎ 1） I was seriously injured in the plane crash.我在那次飞机坠毁事故中严重受伤。‎ ‎ 2）John fell off the tree and injured his back.约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。‎ ‎★自我探究：‎ ‎ injure，词性为___________，意为“_________________”。‎ ‎★归纳拓展：‎ ‎ injure→ n.___________伤害，损伤→ adj.___________受伤的 ‎ the injured意为__________________(表示一类人)‎ ‎☆运用 用injure的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1) He ____________ his left hand in the fire..‎ ‎2）Liu Xiang dropped out of the race due to his foot ____________.‎ ‎3）___________were taken to hospital right away after the accident.‎ ‎☆易混辨析 injure, hurt, harm和wound ‎1) The driver was slightly___________in the accident.‎ ‎2）Actually she felt quite _________ at your rude words.‎ ‎3) The typhoon has done great __________ to the crops in Xuwen.‎ ‎4) The soldiers got ____________ in the war.‎ ‎5) The circulation of rumor（谣言）________ his business and health.‎ ‎2. burst 读下面的句子，猜测burst的词性及词义 ‎1) It’s a game in which children try to burst balloons by sitting on them. _________________‎ ‎2) That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more._______________________________‎ ‎3) The words burst from her in an angry rush. _______________‎ ‎4) She burst into laughter(out laughing) to hear the news. ______________________‎ ‎5) He burst into the room without knocking. ____________________‎ ‎☆要点归纳： burst 后可接一些介词或副词，构成的常用搭配有burst into 意为：(1) ____________；(2)______________; burst out doing意为：__________________.‎ ‎☆运用 用burst的正确形式及其短语填空。‎ ‎1) When he was driving, the tire _____________.‎ ‎2)The baby-girl________ tears when she was watching Lion King.‎ ‎3) Mr. Bean ___________ laughing while walking on the street.‎ ‎3. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救 ‎1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. ‎ 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。‎ ‎2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. ‎ 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。‎ ‎3). Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克把溺水的男孩救了起来。‎ ‎☆自主探究→说出下列短语或固定搭配的意思 ‎1）rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. ≈save sb. from ‎ ‎2）come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. ‎ ‎3）a rescue team 4）a rescue mission 5）rescue workers ‎ ‎☆运用 ‎⑴ He jumped into the icy water to rescue the child ______ drowning. （填介词）‎ ‎⑵ The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man __________ ___________________________________________(没有来营救他).‎ 用rescue的适当形式填空 ‎⑶ The mother, along with her two children, _______from the sinking boat by a passing ship.‎ ‎⑷. The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday.‎ ‎4. ruin ‎ 1)He wanted to become a doctor but his mother’s death was the ruin of his hope.‎ ‎ 他想当医生，但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。‎ ‎ 2)She poured water over my painting and ruined it. ‎ ‎ 她把水浇在我的画上，将画毁掉了。‎ ‎ 3)The castle is now in ruins.‎ ‎ 城堡现在已成废墟。‎ ‎ 小结：ruin动词或名词，意为“__________”，其复数形式ruins意为“_________”，in ruins ‎ 意为“_________________”。其常用的固定搭配为:‎ fall into ruin 成为废墟 be/lie in ruins 成了（呈）一片废墟 bring sb. to ruin毁灭某人come/go to ruin毁灭 be the ruin of- -成为- - -毁灭的原因 ‎☆运用 用ruin的正确形式填空:‎ ‎1)The big flood not only ______ the crops, but also left the whole town in _______.‎ ‎2) People built shelters among the ____ (ruin) of the city.‎ ‎3) After the war many buildings__________(成为废墟).‎ ‎☆词语辨析 .用ruin, damage与destroy填空 ‎(1)The car ________ in the accident was under repair.‎ ‎(2) Finally the fire ________ several houses and made some people homeless.‎ ‎(3) This unpleasant man with his endless complaints ________ my journey.‎ Step3. 当堂检测题 ‎ I.动词专练 ‎ A.用下列动词的适当形式填空。(每词只填一次，不重复。)‎ burst ruin injure destroy shock rescue trap bury damage ‎ ‎1.The bad weather __________ my holiday in Guilin. What a pity! ‎2.Mr.White drove his car at 120 kilometers an hour, knocking into a tree, __________himself badly and getting his car seriously __________. ‎3.The earthquake __________ the houses and schools, making many people homeless. ‎4.__________ at the sad news, she stood there still, not knowing what to say. ‎5.It was reported that 108 miners __________ under the coal mine and there was little chance of them __________ although the government tried to take every measure to save them. ‎6.Tom __________ into laughter in class, making all his classmates laugh.‎ B.用给出动词的正确形式填空 ‎7. Our government is taking effective measures _________(rescue) those _____ (trap) and ________(bury) underground.‎ ‎8. Look! They _____________________ ____________(bury) in their work.‎ ‎9. So far the workers ____________(trap) in the coal mine for a week.‎ ‎10. The number of the people invited to the party ______(be)50 last night, but a number of them _______(be) absent for different reasons.‎ II. 构词法知识 用所给词的适当形式完成句子。‎ ‎1.She is highly intelligent but her work lacks ____.She is not a very ______ woman.（organize)‎ ‎2. ______(dirt) air is bad to plants and animals, too.‎ ‎3. He had been a _______(mine) and a soldier.‎ ‎4. These machines are driven by ______(electric).‎ ‎5. Wood is _____ for building houses, while coal can be _________to keep warm.（useless)‎ ‎6.The ___of the railway was a big loss in the storm, which was the most __ in 30 years.（destroy)[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ III. 单句改错。‎ ‎1. Do you know anything about the accident happened in the village yesterday?‎ ‎2. How many English songs had you learned at the end of last year?‎ ‎3. Don’t sit there do nothing. Come to join us.‎ ‎4. The box is too heavy for me to lift it.‎ ‎5. The problem is very hard to be solved.‎ ‎6. Everyone didn’t do his assignment last night, so the teacher told every one of them to finish it today.‎ ‎7. I hope you not to lose heart because all hope is not lost.‎ ‎8. Sanya(三亚) is to the south of Hainan while Xuwen is in the north of Hainan.‎ 高一英语必修1Unit4Earthquake导学案参考答案 第一课时 阅读课（语篇分析）‎ Step1 Lead-in （略）‎ Step2. Talk about the title-----.Why does the writer use “A night the earth didn’t sleep”as the title?‎ ‎→Night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet. But that night everything changed. The writer uses it as title to show how terrible and unusual that night was.‎ Step3. Fast reading I. 1) earthquake; 2) Tangshan; 3) 1976‎ II. Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph Para.1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.‎ Para.2 Everything began to shake and it seemed that the world was at an end.‎ Para.3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.‎ Para.4 All hope was not lost.‎ III. Match the sentences or phrases Part 1( Para.1 )→Signs before the earthquake Part2(Para.2—3)→What happened during the quake and the damage caused by the quake.‎ Part3(Para.4)→The rescue work after the earthquake ‎→The passage is organized in time order.‎ IV. Choose the best answers ‎1----5 CDABC Step4. Careful reading I. Fill in the table ‎1) Strange 2）rose 3) fell 4) smelly 5) nervous 6) eat 7)ran 8) jumped ‎9) 3:00 10) bright lights 11) greatest 12)eleven 13) Steam 14）dirt ‎15) Bricks 16) dams 17) useless 18) steel 19) Sand 20) electricity II. Fill in the numbers.‎ ‎1) 1/3 2) 15 3) 2/3 4) 400,000 5) 75%; 90% ‎ ‎→The data show how terrible/ strong the earthquake was.‎ III. Discussion （略）‎ Step5. Deal with long difficult sentences ‎1. 表伴随；作伴随状语 ‎2. 主从复合句； the one million people; were; 作表语；定语从句；充当主语； people.‎ ‎3. 主从复合句；A huge crack; cut(across); 横过，穿过； 定语从句；充当主语； crack.‎ ‎4. 复合句; who were trapped; 连接to dig out 和 to bury the dead.‎ ‎5. 主从复合句；workers; built; 定语从句；充当定语； 所属关系； survivors Step6. 1）shook/ hit; 2) which; 3) arrived / came to help; 4) bringing Step7. 1. strange 2. earthquake 3. little 4. shake 5. destroyed 6. shocked ‎7. rescue 8. trapped 9. ruins 10. electricity 11.disaster 12. breathe 第二课时 阅读课（知识点处理）‎ Step1.课文知识点重现 ‎1. too nervous to eat; 2. cracked and burst ‎ ‎3.thought little of these events; as usual; 4. as if; at an end ‎5. lay in ruins; 6. suffering; was extreme[来源:学#科#网]‎ ‎7. Everywhere; 8.shocked; injured; Thousands of ‎9. rescue workers; were trapped 10. hard to get ‎11. to dig out; to bury the dead; 12. built shelters; whose homes had been destroyed Step2.语言点讲与练 I.‎‎ 重点句型突破 ‎1. 看起来好像； 好像、似乎、仿佛；结束、终结；引导表语从句；陈述语气；虚拟语气。‎ ‎1) It seems as if someone is calling you.‎ ‎2) It seems as if he were stupid,‎ ‎3) as if he had been there before.‎ ‎2. 部分否定；部分否定 ‎1）All the students haven’t/ Not all the students have ‎2) Everyone isn’t / Not everyone is II. 重点动词突破 ‎1. injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害”。‎ injury n.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的the injured受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人)‎ 运用 1)injured; 2) injury; 3) The injured 易混辨析 1）injured; 2) hurt; 3) harm; 4) wounded; 5) harmed ‎2. burst 1) vt. 使爆裂、把- - -弄炸； 2）vi. 爆裂、爆发、胀开；3）vi. 突然出现、猛冲（整句话意为：她破口说出那一大堆气话。）4）短语，意为“突然大笑、放声大笑”‎ ‎5）短语，意为“（突然）闯进”。‎ 要点归纳： burst into 1）“（突然）闯进”; 2)burst into+ 名词，意为 “突然……起来; 突然（进入状态等）” burst out doing意为 “突然……起来”.‎ 运用 1) burst; 2) burst into; 3) burst out ‎3. rescue n.& vt. ☆自主探究1）rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 援救、营救、抢救（脱离危险） 2）come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 来/ 去援救或营救某人 ‎ ‎3）a rescue team救援队 4）a rescue mission救援任务 5）rescue workers 救援人员 ‎☆运用 1）from 2) hadn’t come to his rescue / hadn’t come to rescue him ‎3) was rescued; 4）rescued ‎4. ruin n.&vt 小结： ruin动词或名词，意为“毁灭，毁坏”，其复数形式ruins意为“废墟，遗迹”，in ruins意为“严重受损、破败不堪或成为废墟”。‎ 运用：1）ruined; ruins. 2) ruins; 3) were in ruins / fell into ruin.‎ ‎☆词语辨析 .1) damaged; 2) destroyed; 3) ruined Step3.当堂检测 ‎ ‎ I.‎ 动词专练 ‎1. ruined; 2. injuring; damaged. 3. destroyed; 4. Shocked 5. were trapped 6. burst 7. to rescue; trapped;‎ ‎ buried. 8. are burying themselves / are buried 9. have been trapped; 10. was; were II. 构词法知识 ‎1. organization; organized 2. Dirty 3. miner; 4. electricity 5. useful / used; used 6. destruction; destructive III. 单句改错 ‎1. happened前添加which or that 2. at the end of last year 改为by the end of last year ‎3. do改为doing 或do前添加and 4. lift it改为lift 即去掉it; 5. be solved改为solve ‎6. Everyone didn’t do改为Nobody did 7. I hope you not to lose heart-- -改为I hope you won’t lose heart---8. to the south改为in the south; in the north改为to the north