【英语】2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：必修3Unit8　Adventure作业 17页

Unit 8　Adventure 能力提升题组训练(A)‎ Ⅰ.阅读(2019湖南衡阳高三一模)‎ A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone,unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).American professional athlete Colin O’Brady and British Army Captain Louis Rudd set off a mile apart at the same time on November 3,2018,from the Atlantic coast with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.‎ Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first.However,O’Brady caught up with Rudd on November 10 and never let the British man get close to him again.O’Brady was the first to conquer the 930 mile icy land,arriving at the Ross Ice Shelf on the Pacific coast by way of the South Pole on December 26,2018.The 33-year-old spent 54 days skiing across the world’s coldest continent while pulling a 300-pound sled(雪橇) with supplies.‎ Instead of leaving the harsh environment after completing the historic adventure,the explorer set up a tent on the world’s largest ice sheet and waited patiently for Rudd to complete the great undertaking.On December 29,just three days after O’Brady arrived,the British explorer ‎ finished his adventure,becoming the world’s second person to complete the solo crossing of the frozen continent.‎ Rudd was not disappointed at being second since he never considered it to be a “race”.Besides,the 49-year-old British Army Captain had a more selfless motive for attempting the feat.He was doing it in memory of his friend Henry Worsley,who had introduced him to polar exploration.The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016.Rudd said,“I didn’t want to get drawn into a race.All that mattered to me was that I completed it,and that I skied solo and unsupported,carrying the tag with Henry’s name on it.”‎ After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other,the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station.‎ ‎1.What do Colin O’Brady and Louis Rudd have in common?‎ A.They became the first explorers to cross Antarctica alone,unaided.‎ B.They became the first adventurers to ski across Antarctica.‎ C.This is the first time that they have arrived at the South Pole.‎ D.They crossed Antarctica in honor of their friend Henry Worsley.‎ ‎2.What do you know about the first leg(第一段赛程) of the race?‎ A.O’Brady skied along with Louis Rudd side by side.‎ B.O’Brady’s sled with food supplies broke down.‎ C.Louis Rudd lost the tag with Henry’s name on it.‎ D.O’Brady fell behind Louis Rudd for the first week.‎ ‎3.What can we infer about Henry Worsley?‎ A.He used to encourage O’ Brady to explore the Antarctic.‎ B.He lost his life in a terrible traffic accident in 2016.‎ C.He died while he was attempting to cross the Antarctic alone.‎ D.He helped Louis Rudd complete the historic adventure.‎ ‎4.How did the two adventurers return to the South Pole scientific research station?‎ A.On foot. B.By air. C.By land. D.By water.‎ 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了两个冒险家成功地在无人帮助的情况下独自滑雪穿越南极大陆的故事。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句A thrilling polar competition between two adventurers to cross Antarctica alone,unsupported and unassisted had a happy ending with both explorers achieving the unprecedented feat (功绩).以及最后一句with the aim to become the first person to ski across the remote continent alone.可知,两人的目标都是独自一人,且在没人帮助的情况下成为滑雪穿越南极洲的第一人,两人都获得了成功,这是他们的共同之处,故选A。‎ ‎2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Louis Rudd maintained the lead at first.However,O’Brady caught up with Rudd on November 10以及第一段可知,他们于‎11月3日出发,O’Brady赶上Louis Rudd是 ‎11月10日‎,可推断出,Louis Rudd领先时间为一周,故选D。‎ ‎3.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The disaster happened while Worsley was trying to cross the continent alone in 2016.可知,Worsley在2016年独自穿越南极洲的时候遇难,故选C。‎ ‎4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段After spending a few days camping 10 feet away from each other,the two adventurers were picked up by a helicopter to the South Pole scientific research station可知,最后两人被直升机带回到南极科考站,故选B。‎ Ⅱ.七选五(2019四川眉山高三一诊)‎ The American city of Detroit was like Paris,some people said.It had a big river,beautiful wide streets and important buildings.Then,in the 20th century,it was called Motor City because of the number of car factories there.Workers in the car factories had good jobs and they earned good money.1.　　　 Life was good.But at the beginning of the 21st century,Detroit became America’s poorest big city.2.　　　  ‎ The city’s population fell for several reasons.One reason is that people moved to the suburbs (郊区) in the 1950s because new highways were built.Another reason is that in 1967 some violent events happened there and it became dangerous.3.　　　 Also,the big car companies like General Motors and Chrysler had huge problems.And in 2008,the world financial crisis had a big effect on many cities,especially Detroit.Now,a lot of people in Detroit are poor.Half of the city’s families have less than ‎ 25,000 dollars a year.In 2013,it became the biggest bankrupt city in American history. ‎ ‎4.　　　 It had some money to improve small things like lights in the streets and so people felt safe.The police came quickly when there were problems.Old,empty buildings were pulled down.5.　　　 And there are new businesses too.The city gave 10,000 dollars to 30 new small businesses.Now there are grocery stores,juice bars,coffee shops and even bicycle makers.Finally,the city is working again. ‎ A.It was a new beginning for the city.‎ B.But then something began to change.‎ C.There is now space for new buildings.‎ D.A lot of people were scared of coming to the city.‎ E.In a period of fifty years,more than half the people left Detroit.‎ F.It wasn’t unusual to own a home,a boat and even a holiday home.‎ G.Detroit was famous for the cars General Motors and Chrysler produced.‎ 答案:1-5 FEDBC Ⅲ.完形填空 When I was four,I was a painter armed with a big box of crayons.Somehow,the usual paper wasn’t 　1　 enough for these sticks of vivid color.I looked around for fantastic paper and the walls that 　2　 an inviting yet limited view. If only there were 　3　 walls,which people ‎ could sometimes see and sometimes not,like the ones in Mom and Dad’s closet (衣柜). ‎ ‎ 　4　 quietly to the bedroom,I pushed aside the heavy clothes.Words and 　5　 filled my mind faster than my hands could make them.A brilliant rainbow was seen on one wall. Flowers 　6　 everywhere. ‎ All my own 　7　 ! My masterpiece (杰作)! Joy swelled inside me.A thought 　8　 : I’ve got to show Mom! Suddenly I was 　9　.I looked around with new eyes. What had I done? ‎ Mom called out,“Dinner’s ready.” After a short time,her footsteps 　10　,and then finally,the closet door opened. I stood nervously in the corner. Oh,please don’t be 　11　,I thought.Please,please. ‎ Mom breathed sharply,　12　 with shock. Only her eyes moved as she slowly looked over my masterpiece. She was quiet for a long,long time. I didn’t dare to 　13　. ‎ ‎ 　14　,she turned to me.“I like it,” she said.“No,I love it! It’s happy! I feel like I have a new closet!” ‎ Now,many years later,my childhood artwork is still there. Every time I open it,I remember that,big as the white closet seemed when I was little,my mother’s 　15　 was the biggest thing of all. ‎ ‎1.A.relevant B.special C.fair D.regular ‎2.A.ruined B.attracted C.presented D.required ‎3.A.broken B.decorated C.painted D.hidden ‎4.A.Flying B.Skipping C.Waving D.Slipping ‎5.A.images B.cameras C.smiles D.acts ‎6.A.opened B.cried C.advanced D.faded ‎7.A.dinner B.magic C.enterprise D.garbage ‎8.A.broke down B.came up C.got off D.went away ‎9.A.ambitious B.energetic C.pleasant D.still ‎10.A.left B.escaped C.approached D.jumped ‎11.A.grateful B.merry C.fond D.mad ‎12.A.addicted B.ashamed C.embarrassed D.frozen ‎13.A.deny B.breathe C.laugh D.nod ‎14.A.Eventually B.Traditionally C.Strangely D.Naturally ‎15.A.abuse B.celebration C.love D.guidance 语篇解读:本文通过作者小时候的一件事情展示出了母爱的伟大,它影响着作者的一生,一直被作者铭记在心中。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.B　根据后文的I looked around for fantastic paper和选项可知,此处应该用special,意为“特别的”。relevant意为“有关的”;fair意为“公平的”;regular意为“普通的;有规律的”。‎ ‎2.C　作者四处寻找特殊纸张以及能展示出不同的视角的墙壁,故选presented,意为“展现”。ruin意为“毁坏”;attract意为“吸引”;require意为“要求”。‎ ‎3.D　根据后文的people could sometimes see and sometimes not可知,此处应表示,要是能有像“我”父母的衣橱里的那样的,人们时而能看见,时而看不见的隐蔽的墙就好了。结合选项可知,hidden符合此处语境,意为“隐蔽的”。broken意为“破旧的”;decorated意为“被装饰的”;painted意为“被粉刷的”。‎ ‎4.D　根据空后的quietly可知,此处应指悄悄地溜进卧室,故Slipping符合语境,意为“溜走;悄悄地走”。fly意为“飞翔”;skip意为“略过;跳过”;wave意为“挥手”。‎ ‎5.A　作者准备开始作画,故根据常理推断,此处应表示文字和图像迅速充斥了“我”的大脑,故images符合语境。camera意为“照相机”;smile意为“微笑”;act意为“行动”。‎ ‎6.A　根据上文的A brilliant rainbow可知,此处描述的应是作者创作的内容,故此处表示鲜花四处盛开,选opened。cry意为“哭”;advance意为“前进”;fade意为“褪色;逐渐消失”。‎ ‎7.B　根据空后的“My masterpiece!”可推知,此处应与masterpiece表示的意义相近,故magic符合语境,表示“都是我自己的魔法!我的杰作!”。dinner意为“晚餐”;enterprise意为“企业”;garbage意为“垃圾”。‎ ‎8.B　根据语境可知,此处应表示,有个想法浮现在“我”的脑海中,故选came up,意为“出现”。break down意为“出故障;分解”;get off意为“(使)离开;脱下”;go away意为“走开”。‎ ‎9.D　根据后文的“I looked around with new eyes.What had I ‎ done?”可知,此处应表示,“我”刚要让妈妈看一看,突然呆住了,因为“我”从另一个角度一想,觉得自己做了错事,故still符合此处语境,意为“不动的;静止的”。ambitious意为“有雄心的”;energetic意为“精力充沛的”;pleasant意为“令人愉快的”。‎ ‎10.C　上文讲到,妈妈喊到晚饭做好了;根据After a short time及下文语境可知,此处应表示妈妈的脚步渐渐地接近了,故选approached。leave意为“离开”;escape意为“逃走”;jump意为“跳”。‎ ‎11.D　根据上文语境及下文的“Please,please.”可知,此时作者应是在心里祈祷,妈妈看到自己画在墙上的作品时,千万不要生气,故mad符合语境,意为“生气的”。grateful意为“感激的”;merry意为“快乐的”;fond意为“喜爱的”。‎ ‎12.D　根据with shock及语境可知,此处应表示妈妈看到“我”的作品后惊呆了。故frozen符合语境,意为“(因害怕或震惊而)呆住的”。addicted意为“痴迷的”;ashamed意为“丢人的”;embarrassed意为“尴尬的”。‎ ‎13.B　根据上文语境和常理可知,“我”现在心里应该很害怕,故此处应表示,看到妈妈的表情后,“我”都不敢呼吸了,故breathe符合语境。deny意为“否定”;laugh意为“大笑”;nod意为“点头”。‎ ‎14.A　根据上文的“She was quiet for a long,long time.”可推知,此处表示妈妈安静地站了很久,终于转过身来,故选Eventually,意为“终于;最终”。traditionally意为“传统地”;strangely意为“奇怪地”;naturally意为“自然地”。‎ ‎15.C　根据文章内容可知,作者认为自己闯祸之后,妈妈没有责备他,而是包容并且赞扬了他。故此处应表示每当“我”打开衣橱,“我”都会想起尽管对于当时小小的“我”来说,白色的衣橱是那么大,然而妈妈的爱却大于世间的一切,故love符合语境。abuse意为“虐待”;celebration意为“庆祝”;guidance意为“指导”。‎ 能力提升题组训练(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 A ‎(2020山东模考)‎ Why go to Madrid?‎ There may be a slight chill (寒冷) in the air,with temperatures staying around ‎15℃‎ in March,but Spain’s handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up.Even more attractive are the cultural events.‎ A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain’s greatest artist,Picasso,has just opened in the studio at the Fundación Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23.It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.‎ Later this summer,the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance (文艺复兴) painter El Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October.‎ How to go?‎ The widest range of flights is offered by EasyJet—from Bristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,Liverpool and Luton.British Airways and its ‎ sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City.Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted;Air Europa flies from Gatwick.‎ Barajas airport is ‎13km north-east of the city centre and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8,but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios station and takes about 30 minutes.The fare to any station in the city centre is 4.50.The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock;5 one way.It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre.A taxi takes half the time.A flat rate of 30 covers most of central Madrid.‎ ‎1.When will the exhibition about Picasso close?‎ A.On 23 March. B.On 11 May.‎ C.On 24 June. D.On 5 October.‎ ‎2.Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid?‎ A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.‎ C.Air Europa. D.British Airways.‎ ‎3.What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from Barajas airport?‎ A.Take a taxi.‎ B.Take a city bus.‎ C.Take Metro line 8.‎ D.Take the airport express bus.‎ 语篇解读:‎ 本文是一篇应用文。介绍了西班牙马德里的两个艺术展预告。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.可知,关于毕加索的展览一直持续到‎5月11日才关闭。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。由文章第四段的Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted可知,Ryanair航空公司有从曼彻斯特飞往马德里的航班。‎ ‎3.A　细节理解题。由文章最后一段的...but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios station and takes about 30 minutes可知,乘地铁到市中心要花大约30分钟的时间;由The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock;5 one way.It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre.可知,乘机场快线需要40分钟;由A taxi takes half the time.可知,打车去市中心只需其一半的时间,即20分钟。由此可知,从Barajas飞机场到马德里市中心最快的方式是乘出租车。‎ B ‎(2019石家庄检测一)‎ Achill Island has always been a popular European tourist destination.However,since April in 2017,the small island of just 2,700 residents(居民) has gained worldwide fame thanks to the magical return ‎ of a beach that was washed away over three decades ago.‎ The chain of events began in 1984 when residents of Dooagh,one of the settlements on the island,awoke to a surprising sight: their beautiful sandy beach had been washed away by strong Atlantic storms.There were only rocks and rock pools left.For about 34 years,only small amounts of sand returned to the once unspoiled shores.The area’s tourism industry slowly declined,and the handful of beachside hotels,pubs,and restaurants gradually closed as well.‎ Then in 2017,something magical happened — an unusual ten-day tide blanketed the barren 300-meter long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand.Scientists suspect that the sand had been gathering offshore for months and was transported to the beach by the high winds and powerful waves.‎ The locals are delighted to have their beach back,especially as it is attracting thousands of visitors wishing to witness the power of nature,with their own eyes.However,Sean Molloy,manager at Achill Tourism,cautions against going into the cold waters just yet,saying,“Because of the sand coming in,we don’t know how safe the beach is now because currents(水流) could be changed and it’ll take a little bit of time.”He instead recommends visitors enjoy the soft sand and leave the swimming to the dolphins that frequent the area.‎ Interestingly,this is not the first time Dooagh Beach has pulled a ‎ disappearing and reappearing act.It disappeared in the 1890s,for over 30 years,before returning in 1927.However,the locals are optimistic that this time around,the beautiful sand is here to stay.‎ ‎4.What has brought Achill Island worldwide attention recently?‎ A.An unusual storm. ‎ B.The decrease in the number of residents.‎ C.The return of its beach. ‎ D.The building of a new tourist destination.‎ ‎5.What happened to Dooagh in the past three decades?‎ A.Tourism went down gradually. B.Restaurants developed slowly.‎ C.Storms attacked frequently. D.Rock pools disappeared completely.‎ ‎6.What does the underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A.Noisy. B.Soft. C.Bare. D.Golden.‎ ‎7.What should tourists avoid according to Sean Molloy?‎ A.Spoiling the shores. B.Getting into the rock pools.‎ C.Playing with dolphins. D.Swimming near the beach.‎ 语篇解读:本文主要介绍了Achill岛消失的海滩时隔三十多年再次出现的事件。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎4.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,since April in 2017,the small island of just 2,700 residents(居民) has gained worldwide fame ‎ thanks to the magical return of a beach that was washed away over three decades ago”可知,消失了三十多年的海滩的回归使得Achill岛引起了全世界的关注。‎ ‎5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The area’s tourism industry slowly declined,and the handful of beachside hotels,pubs,and restaurants gradually closed as well”可知,随着海滩的消失,在过去三十多年里Dooagh地区的旅游业逐渐衰落。‎ ‎6.C　词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“ten-day tide blanketed the barren 300-meter long rock beach with hundreds of tons of soft golden sand”可知,由于潮水的力量,‎300米长的岩石海滩被松软的金沙覆盖了。划线词修饰岩石海滩,结合文章内容可知,海滩消失之后,三十多年来岩石海滩表面什么都没有,所以划线词与bare同义,意为“空的,荒芜的”。‎ ‎7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He instead recommends visitors enjoy the soft sand and leave the swimming to the dolphins that frequent the area”可知,Sean Molloy建议游客享受松软的沙子,把游泳让给海豚,即他建议游客不要在海滩附近游泳。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Eileen Taylor had something sweet on her mind in the drive-through line at Heav’nly Donuts.Just the day before,a stranger ahead of her in line had 1.　　　　(generous) paid for her coffee.“The gesture made such 2.　　　　 big difference in my day,”says Eileen.She had recently lost her job as a physician’s 3.　　　　(assist),and money was tight.But Eileen 4.　　　　‎ ‎(inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the family in the car behind hers.5.　　　　 she didn’t know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction.In two and a half hours,fifty-five drivers paid for the order of the person behind 6.　　　　(they).The doughnut shop’s employees 7.　　　　(see) this before.This Heav’nly Donuts,in fact,is known as a special place,the customers of 8.　　　　 are considered as the“best in the world”.But,even so,the workers were 9.　　　　(amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the end of the day. ‎ Now 10.　　　　(work) as a chemist,Eileen visits Heav’nly Donuts every Saturday morning,picking up a coffee and paying for the order of the customer behind her. ‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.generously　考查词性转换。修饰动词paid用generous的副词形式generously,意为“慷慨地”。‎ ‎2.a　考查冠词。make such a big difference意为“有如此大的影响”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎3.assistant　考查词性转换。本空前面是名词所有格,再根据句意“她最近丢了作为医生助理的工作”,故本空填名词assistant“助理”。‎ ‎4.was inspired　考查语态。inspire sb.to do sth.意为“激励某人做某事”,因本句中谓语inspire和主语Eileen之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态。‎ ‎5.What　考查从句连接词。分析句子结构可知,was之前是一个主语从句,从句中缺宾语,故用what引导,注意首字母大写。‎ ‎6.them　考查代词。behind是介词,后面用人称代词they的宾格形式them。‎ ‎7.had seen　考查时态。根据本句的时间状语before可知用完成时,整篇文章都是以过去时为主,故本空用过去完成时had seen。‎ ‎8.which　考查从句连接词。本句是逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句,因先行词为place,并且此空位于介词of的后面,故用which引导,构成名词+介词+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎9.amazed　考查词性转换。本句的主语是the workers,指人感到吃惊用amazed。‎ ‎10.working　考查非谓语动词。本句话的主语是Eileen,与动词work之间是主谓关系,故用v.-ing形式作伴随状语。‎