2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit2Healthyeating单元学案（61页） 61页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit2Healthy eating单元学案 Sometimes people want to know what type of food is healthy， and what kind of food may hurt our health. The United States Department of Agriculture has prepared a small book to help people learn about which types of foods are the healthiest to eat. The book describes six basic food groups： meat， dairy products (things made from milk)， grains， fruits and vegetables. The last group is fat， oil and sweets.‎ As a result of years of research， we know that too much fat is bad for our health. For example， Americans eat a lot of meat and only a small amount of grains， fruits and vegetables. Because of this， they often get cancer and heart disease. In Japan， on the other hand， people eat large amounts of grains and very little meat. They have a very low rate of cancer and heart disease. In fact， the Japanese live longer than people in any other country. Unfortunately， when Japanese people move to the United States， the rate of heart disease and cancer increases as their diet changes. What's more， as hamburgers and other highfat foods become common in Japan， the rate of heart disease and cancer is increasing there as well. People are also eating more meat and dairy products in other countries such as Cuba and Hungary. It's no surprise that the disease rate in these countries is increasing along with the change in diet. Therefore， doctors everywhere advise people to eat more grains， fruits and vegetables， and eat less meat and dairy products.‎ Section_Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading — Prereading ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[原文呈现]‎ COME AND EAT HERE (1)‎ Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant ①feeling very frustrated②.It had been a very strange morning. Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued③ mutton④ kebabs⑤， roast⑥ pork, stirfried⑦ vegetables and fried rice⑧.Then by lunchtime⑨ they would all be sold. By now his restaurant ought to⑩ be full of people. But not today! Why was that? What could have happened⑪？ He thought of⑫ his mutton, beef and bacon⑬ cooked in the hottest, finest oil⑭. His cola was sugary⑮ and cold, and his ice cream was made of⑯ milk, cream and delicious fruit. “Nothing could be better⑰，” he thought. Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by⑱. “Hello, Lao Li，” he called. “Your usual？⑲” But Li Chang seemed not to hear. What was the matter? Something terrible must have happened⑳ if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.‎ Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a small new restaurant. He saw a sign○21 at the door.‎ ‎○22Tired of○23 all that fat? Want to lose weight○24？‎ Come inside Yong Hui's slimming○25 restaurant.‎ Only slimming foods served here.‎ Make yourself thin again！‎ ‎[读文清障]‎ ‎①现在分词短语feeling very frustrated作伴随状语。‎ ‎②frustrated adj.沮丧的；懊恼的 frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧 frustration n．懊恼；沮丧 ‎③barbecue/'bɑːbIkjuː/vt.&n.烧烤；烤肉 ‎④mutton/'mʌtn/n.羊肉 ‎⑤kebab/kI'bæb/n.(＝kabob/kə'bɒb/)(印度)烤腌羊肉串 ‎⑥roast/rəʊst/adj.烤制的vt.&vi.烤；烘；烘烤 ‎⑦stirfry vt.用旺火炒(或煎、煸)‎ ‎⑧fried rice炒米饭 ‎⑨by lunchtime到午饭时间　by表示“不迟于；到……时”。‎ ‎⑩ought to应当；应该，相当于should。‎ ought/ɔːt/v.aux.应当；应该 ‎⑪can/could have done用在疑问句中，表示对过去事情的推测，意为“可能做过(某事)”。‎ ‎⑫think of想起 ‎⑬bacon/'beIkən/n.熏咸肉；腊肉 ‎⑭过去分词短语cooked in ...作后置定语，修饰mutton, beef and bacon。‎ ‎⑮sugary/'ʃʊɡərI/adj.含糖的；甜的 ‎⑯be made of由……制成(能看出原材料)‎ be made from由……制成(看不出原材料)‎ ‎⑰否定词与比较级连用表示最高级的含义。‎ ‎⑱see sb.doing sth.结构。‎ ‎⑲Your usual？补全后应为：Do you want your usual food?‎ ‎⑳must have done表示对过去已经发生的事情作肯定性推测，意思是“一定做过(某事)”。‎ ‎○21sign/saIn/n.牌示；标记；符号　give sb.a sign示意某人 ‎○22这是省略的句子，完整的形式是：Are you tired of all that fat? Do you want to lose weight?‎ ‎○23be tired of对……厌烦　be tired from因……而疲倦 ‎○24lose weight体重减轻；减肥 ‎○25slim/slIm/vi.变细；减肥 adj.苗条的；纤细的 到这里来用餐吧(1)‎ ‎[以上部分译文]‎ 王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到很沮丧。这个上午真的很奇怪。通常他很早就起床，准备他的菜单——烤羊肉串、烤猪肉、炒菜和炒米饭。然后到午饭时分，这些饭菜都会卖完。到了这个时候，他的餐馆本该宾客盈门的，但今天却不是！为什么会这样？发生了什么事？他想起了他用滚烫的精制油烹制的羊肉、牛肉和腊肉。他的可乐又甜又凉，冰淇淋是用牛奶、奶油和美味的水果制成的。他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”突然间，他看到自己的朋友李昌匆匆走过。他喊道：“喂，老李。你还是吃老一套吧？”可是李昌似乎没有听到。怎么回事呢？如果李昌不像往常那样到他餐馆里吃饭，那一定发生了很严重的事情。‎ 王鹏跟着李昌来到一家新开张的小餐馆，他看见门口有一块招牌。‎ 肥腻的东西吃厌了吧？想变瘦吗？‎ 请到雍慧减肥餐馆来吧。‎ 此处只供应减肥食品。‎ 让你恢复苗条！‎ Curiosity○26 drove○27 Wang Peng inside. It was full of people. The hostess○28， a very thin lady, came forward. “Welcome，” she said. “My name is Yong Hui. I'll help you lose weight and be fit○29 in two weeks if you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng. There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw○30 vegetables served in vinegar○31， fruit and water. Wang Peng was amazed at○32 this and especially at the prices. It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant! He could not believe his eyes. He threw down○33 the menu and hurried outside. On his way home he thought about○34 his own menu. Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the library and find out. He could not ○35have Yong Hui getting away with○36 telling people lies○37！ He had better do some research○38！‎ At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui's far too little. Even though○39 her customers○40 might get thin after eating Yong Hui's food, they were not eating enough energygiving food to keep them fit○41.They would become tired very quickly. Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home. Perhaps with a discount○42 and a new sign he could win his customers back○43.So he wrote：‎ Want to feel fit and energetic?‎ Come and eat here! Discounts today!‎ Our food gives you energy all day○44！‎ The competition between the two restaurants○45 was on○46！‎ ‎○26curiosity/ˌkjʊərI'ɒsətI/n.好奇心 out of curiosity出于好奇 ‎○27drive在本句中意为“驱使”‎ ‎○28hostess/'həʊstIs/n.女主人；女主持人　○29be fit健康强壮 ‎○30raw/rɔː/adj.生的；未加工的 raw materials原材料　raw vegetables生蔬菜 ‎○31vinegar/'vInIɡə/n.醋 ‎○32be amazed at因/对……感到惊奇/吃惊 ‎○33throw down扔下；甩下 ‎○34think about考虑；想起 ‎○35have sb.doing sth.容忍某人做某事，一般用于否定句，doing为宾语补足语。‎ ‎○36get away with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎○37tell a lie说谎 lie/laI/n.谎话；谎言 vi.说谎 ‎○38do some research做一些调查 ‎○39even though＝even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎○40customer/'kʌstəmə/n.顾客；消费者 ‎○41keep sb.fit是“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“使某人保持健康”。‎ ‎○42discount/'dIskaʊnt/n.折扣 with a discount通过打折 ‎○43win ...back赢回；重新获得 ‎○44all day＝all the day＝the whole day一整天 ‎○45the competition between A and B　A和B之间的竞争 ‎○46be on开始了 ‎[以上部分译文]‎ 王鹏在好奇心的驱使下，走了进去。里面坐满了人。店老板是一个清瘦的女人，走上前来说道：“欢迎光临！我叫雍慧。你如果每天来这儿用餐，我可以在两周内帮您减肥并让您的身体健康起来。”然后，她递给王鹏一份菜谱，菜谱上有很少的几样食物和饮料：只有米饭、蘸醋吃的生蔬菜、水果和水。王鹏对此感到吃惊，特别是对它们的价格。这价格比在他的餐馆里吃一顿好饭还要贵！他不能相信他的眼睛。他扔下菜谱就急着往外走。在回家的路上，他想起了自己的菜谱。那些菜让人发胖了吗？也许他该去图书馆查查看。他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！他最好做一番调查！‎ 在图书馆，王鹏惊奇地发现：他的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太高，而雍慧的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太低。即使顾客吃雍慧的餐馆里的食物会变瘦，但他们摄取不到足够的能量来保持健康。他们很快就会感到疲乏。开车回家时，王鹏觉得又有了希望。也许打点折、写个新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。于是他写道：,想保持健康又精力旺盛吗？‎ 到这里来用餐吧！今天打折！,我们的食物能够给您提供一整天所需的能量！,这两家餐馆之间的竞争开始了！‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Prereading ‎ Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．diet　　　　　　　 A．好奇心 ‎2．fry B．折扣 ‎3．slim C．生的；未加工的 ‎4．balance D．缺点；虚弱；弱点 ‎5．curiosity E．日常饮食；节食 ‎6．hostess F．强项；长处；力量 ‎7．raw G．变细；减肥；苗条的；纤细的 ‎8．lie H．顾客；消费者 ‎9．customer I．油煎；油炸 ‎10．discount J．平衡；权衡；天平 ‎11．weakness K．说谎；谎话；谎言 ‎12．strength L．女主人；女主持人 ‎1～5　________　6～10　________　11～12　________‎ 答案：1～5　EIGJA　6～10　LCKHB　11～12　DF ‎ Leadin Look at the following pictures, do you know in what ways the food helps you grow? ‎ ‎1. ‎ They are energygiving_food,_ which provide energy.‎ ‎2. ‎ They are bodybuilding_food,_which help grow bones and muscles.‎ ‎3. ‎ They are protective_food,_which help the body fight diseases.‎ ‎ ‎ Whilereading ‎ Fastreading What is the main idea of the text?‎ The text is mainly about the_competition_between_Wang_Peng's_and_Yong_Hui's_‎ restaurants.They served different_foods_in_their_restaurants.The foods in Wang Peng's served far_too_much_fat while Yong Hui's far_too_little.‎ ‎ Carefulreading Read the text carefully again and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1．What did Wang Peng think of the food in his restaurant?‎ A．Very bad.　　　　　 B．Popular.‎ C．Unpopular. D．Just soso.‎ ‎2．What did Wang Peng do after he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by?‎ A．He just sat in his restaurant feeling frustrated.‎ B．He did some research.‎ C．He followed Li Chang to see why he didn't eat with him.‎ D．He began to advertise his food.‎ ‎3．What can we learn from Wang Peng's research in the library?‎ A．Wang Peng's restaurant offered a balanced diet.‎ B．Yong Hui's restaurant offered a balanced diet.‎ C．Both of the restaurants offered a balanced diet.‎ D．Neither of the restaurants offered a healthy diet.‎ ‎4．To win his customers back, Wang Peng didn't ________.‎ A．improve his food B．advertise his food C．do some research D．find the shortcomings of Yong Hui's food ‎5．According to the text, we can infer that a balanced diet should contain ________.‎ A．much fat that can give energy ‎ B．no fat but rich fibers to keep fit C．only raw vegetables, fruits and water to keep slim D．enough energygiving food, fibered food as well 答案：1～5　BCDAD ‎ Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.‎ ‎1．Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　如果李昌不像往常那样到他餐馆里吃饭，那一定发生了很严重的事情。‎ ‎2．I'll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　你如果每天来这儿用餐，我可以在两周内帮您减肥并让您的身体健康起来。‎ ‎3．At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui's far too little.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　在图书馆，王鹏惊奇地发现：他的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太高，而雍慧的餐馆提供的食物脂肪含量太低。‎ ‎4．Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui's food, they were not eating enough energygiving food to keep them fit.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　即使顾客吃雍慧餐馆里的食物会变瘦，但他们摄取不到足够的能量来保持健康。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Many people believe eating healthily is expensive — and more costly than buying junk foods. But our new research, published in the BMC Public Health, shows this isn't the truth.‎ Most of the Australian family food budget (预算) is being spent on junk foods and drinks that are high in fat, sugar and salt.‎ Less than 7% of Australians eat healthily. The Australian adults get at least 35% of their energy from junk foods and drinks. As a result, twothirds of adults (63%) and onequarter of children are overweight.‎ We used the Australian Health Survey 2011－2013 and the suggestions of the Australian Dietary Guidelines to model healthy diets for a family of two adults and two children every two weeks. We collected food prices in supermarkets and stores in high and lowsocioeconomic (社会经济地位低的) areas in Brisbane, and compared the diet prices with family incomes.‎ In both areas, a family of two adults and two children spends about 18% more on present diets than would be required to buy healthy diets. About 58% of the food budget for present diets is spent on junk foods, including takeaway foods (14%), and sugary drinks (4%)．‎ In the lowsocioeconomic area, a family of two adults and two children spends $640.20 every two weeks on their present diets, but could buy a healthy diet for $560.93 every two weeks.In the highsocioeconomic area, these numbers are $661.92 and $580.01.‎ Supermarket food prices were about 3% higher in the highsocioeconomic location. Takeaway foods were also relatively more expensive, but sugary drinks were priced similarly in both areas.‎ Present diets cost more than healthy diets, so causes other than price must be helping to drive preferences for unhealthy choices.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。一项研究表明：健康饮食比垃圾食品的花费要更加便宜。‎ ‎1．What did the researchers find?‎ A．Australians have a preference for sweet foods.‎ B．Most Australian kids have fat problems.‎ C．Half Australians live on junk foods.‎ D．Most Australians eat unhealthily.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Less than 7% of Australians eat healthily.”可知，大多数澳洲人饮食不健康。‎ ‎2．How did the researchers get the result?‎ A．By making a comparison.‎ B．By doing the study online.‎ C．By carrying out interviews.‎ D．By asking personal questions.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We collected food prices ...compared the diet prices with family incomes.”可知，研究者们通过使用来自Australian Health Survey的调查数据，然后搜集各超市的食品价格，最后再和家庭收入进行对比，得出研究结论。‎ ‎3．What can we learn from Paragraph 5?‎ A．Australian foods are healthier.‎ B．A healthy diet is actually cheaper.‎ C．Health foods are becoming more expensive.‎ D．People choose junk foods for their low prices.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“a family of two adults and two children spends about 18% more on present diets than would be required to buy healthy diets”可知，研究结果表明，垃圾食品的花费已经超过健康食品，健康食品其实更便宜。‎ ‎4．What might a following paragraph be about?‎ A．The harm of junk foods.‎ B．How we can eat healthily.‎ C．Why people choose junk foods.‎ D．The advantages of a healthy diet.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，目前人们在垃圾食品的消费上已经超过了健康食品，这说明人们选择垃圾食品的原因不是价格，而是别的原因。由此判断接下来文章最有可能讨论人们选择垃圾食品的原因。‎ B That most Americans are falling short of the recommended eight hours of sleep per night is nothing new. Over time, staying awake in the night can come with a high cost. You should stop your night owl (夜猫子) habit.‎ Compared with people who turn in early, those who go to bed very late are more likely to suffer from repeated negative thoughts. The findings suggest that sleep disruption (扰乱) could actually be linked to the development of negative thoughts. Psychologists suggest that focusing on good sleep habits can help.‎ Have you been getting into a lot of arguments lately? There's one easy way to fix that. Too little sleep tends to leave people feeling badtempered and stressed. It means that ‎ little things that might not normally be a big deal can cause you to fly_off_the_handle. The result is more misunderstandings with those around you. Being well rested, on the other hand, will help you control your temper and you'll get along better with others.‎ According to AAA Foundation reports, people who sleep six to seven hours are twice as likely to have a car accident as those who sleep for eight hours or more when driving. People who sleep for five hours or less increase their risk up to fivefold. Go for 24 hours without sleeping, and your skills behind the wheel are the same as someone who is drunk.‎ Research suggests that the less sleep you get, the more likely you are to be overweight. How so? When you lack sleep, you have less energy to exercise or make healthy food choices. Plus, studies show that the later you stay up, the more you eat. Night owls who stay up until 4 a．m. eat about 550 more calories than early birds who go to sleep at 10 p．m.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。晚睡有害健康，因此我们一定要尽量早一点睡，这样才能保持身体健康。‎ ‎5．According to Paragraph 2, not getting enough sleep can ________.‎ A．affect your living habits B．make you become pessimistic C．make you suffer from diseases D．make you lose interest in everything 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第二段“The findings suggest that sleep disruption (扰乱)．..negative thoughts.”可知，睡眠不足可能会让你变得悲观。‎ ‎6．What does the underlined part “fly off the handle” in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A．Fly away.　　　　　　 B．Get very angry.‎ C．Become very busy. D．Become disappointed.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。由第三段画线部分前后的“Too little sleep tends to leave people feeling badtempered and stressed.”以及“The result is more misunderstandings with those around you.”可推断，画线部分是指“发怒”。‎ ‎7．According to the last two paragraphs, people who lack sleep ________.‎ A．care less about their safety B．are more likely to get drunk C．cook at home much more frequently D．may find it hard to keep a healthy weight 解析：选D　细节理解题。由最后一段“Research suggests that the less sleep you get, the more likely you are to be overweight.”可知，你睡得越少，越容易超重。故选D。‎ ‎8．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．The harm of staying up late.‎ B．Some reasons for a lack of sleep.‎ C．The importance of eating healthily.‎ D．The process of forming a good habit.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。由文章内容可知，本文是围绕晚睡的危害展开的。‎ C ‎“Old wives' tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents' telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.‎ Did your mother ever tell you to eat carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%.Garlic (蒜) is good for you, too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.‎ Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.‎ Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.‎ 语篇解读：我们大多数人都记得父母告诉过我们要多吃某些食物或者不要去做某些事情。这些告诫是对的吗？实际上，其中一些是与现在的医学思想相符的，而另外一些却是经不起考验的……‎ ‎9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?‎ A．Eating garlic is good for our eyes.‎ B．Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.‎ C．Swimming after a meal is dangerous.‎ D．Carrots prevent people from catching colds.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“Sticky sweets ...tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.”可以看出，sticky sweets的确对牙齿有害。‎ ‎10．The author develops the third paragraph mainly ________.‎ A．by cause and effect B．by order in space C．by order in time D．by examples 解析：选D　推理判断题。第三段第一句是主题句。接着本段举了“饭后一小时内游泳”和“吃糖”这两个例子来支持主题句。因此，这一段主要是通过举例来论述的。‎ ‎11．The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “________”．‎ A．to be believable B．to be valuable C．to be admirable D．to be suitable 解析：选A　词义猜测题。“don't hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相对立，那么“hold water”与“there is still a lot of truth”意义相似，因此A项正确。‎ ‎12．What is the author's attitude towards “old wives' tales” in the text?‎ A．Subjective. B．Objective.‎ C．Dissatisfied. D．Curious.‎ 解析：选B　观点态度题。综合全文，作者既指出了一些传统说法是正确的，又说明了一些传统观念是没有科学依据的。最后一段作者表明了对这些观念的尊重，因此可以看出作者的态度是客观的。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Holidays are busy time, and if you don't make a plan for healthy meals, you will gain weight quickly and have other health problems.__1__ Here are some reasonable tips for you.‎ Remember that some is better than none.‎ You go to the grocery store and buy a few things rich in protein, a few fruits and vegetables, and maybe some snacks, thinking, “This is enough for the whole week.” Then, about midweek, you're sick of making the same thing over and over, or you run out of something you thought you had enough of.You end up ordering takeout food or eating out.If this is the case for you, just remember that some is better than none.__2__ Having to worry only about 5 meals instead of 15 can take away a lot of stress.‎ Optimize (优化) your food combinations (组合)．‎ To make you healthy, eat enough fruits which contain high amounts of vitamins can improve your metabolism (新陈代谢)．You should also learn how to combine the correct types of food for your meals.__3__‎ ‎__4__‎ If you cook a large dinner, the leftovers (剩饭) can make a great healthy lunch.Put the leftovers into readytogo containers for lunches for the rest of the week.You can also use leftovers to create completely different dishes in no time.‎ Ask a child to do grocery shopping for you.‎ If you don't have time to do grocery shopping, try asking the neighbor kid to do it.Do you have children that are ready to start learning about responsibility? __5__ It's important to remember that you don't have to do it all.Because of this you can benefit from it.‎ A．Cook once and eat twice or more.‎ B．Remember what you are grateful for.‎ C．Send them to the grocery store with your list.‎ D．Try only planning 5 dinners Monday through Friday.‎ E．If this sounds like you, it's time to come up with a strategy (策略)．‎ F．There are also services available that can plan your meals for you.‎ G．Correct combinations can not only help you lose weight, but increase your energy levels.‎ 答案：1～5　EDGAC ‎ ‎ Section_Ⅱ Warming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points ‎ ‎ 一、这样记单词 记得准•写得对 记得快•记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1.diet n．　　　　　日常饮食 ‎　　vi. 节食 ‎2.roast adj. 烤制的 ‎　　vt.&vi. 烤；烘；烘烤 ‎3.ought v. aux. 应当；应该 ‎4.slim vi. 变细；减肥 ‎　　adj. 苗条的；纤细的 ‎5.raw adj. 生的；未加工的 ‎6.lie n. 谎话；谎言 ‎　vi. 说谎；躺；位于 ‎7.customer n. 顾客；消费者 ‎8.discount n. 折扣 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1.balance vt.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.平衡的 ‎2.fry vt.&vi.油煎；油炸→fried adj.油炸的 ‎3.curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的 ‎4.hostess n．女主人；女主持人→host n．主人；主持人v.主持；主办 ‎5.weakness n．虚弱；缺点；弱点→weak adj.虚弱的 ‎6.strength n．强项；长处；力量→strong adj.强壮的 1.balance n．天平；平衡→vt.平衡；权衡 ‎[联想]　名词动用的其他词：‎ ‎①diet n．日常饮食→vi.节食 ‎②lie n．谎话；谎言→vi.说谎 ‎[图片记忆]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.curiosity n．好奇心；好奇 ‎[词块]　①out of curiosity出于好奇 ‎②satisfy your curiosity 满足你的好奇心 ‎3.“力量”大集合：‎ ‎①strength n. 强项；长处；力量 ‎②energy n. 精力；活力；能量 ‎③power n. 权力；动力；电力 ‎④force n. 武力；暴力 ‎4.以ess结尾的名词集锦 ‎①hostess 女主人；女主持人 ‎②actress 女演员 ‎③waitress 女服务员 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.balanced_diet　　　平衡膳食 ‎2.ought_to 应该；应当 ‎3.lose_weight 减肥；体重减轻 ‎4.get_away_with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎5.tell_a_lie 说谎 ‎6.even_though 即使 ‎7.with_a_discount 通过打折 ‎8.win_...back 把……赢回来；重新获得 1.by lunchtime　　　　　到午饭时间 ‎2.be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料)‎ ‎3.be tired of 对……厌烦 ‎4.raw vegetables 生蔬菜 ‎5.be amazed at 因/对……感到惊奇/吃惊 ‎6.think about 考虑；想起 ‎7.do some research 做一些调查 ‎8.all day 一整天 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.‎ 王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到很沮丧。 现在分词短语作状语。 The little boy sat beneath the tree, reading_a_story_book.‎ 那个小男孩坐在树下，读一本故事书。‎ ‎2.“Nothing could be better，” he thought.‎ 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。” “否定词＋谓语动词＋比较级”表示最高级的用法。 As is known to us, nothing_could_be_more_important_than_health.‎ ‎ 众所周知，没有什么比健康更重要的了。‎ ‎3.Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.‎ 如果李昌不像往常那样到他餐馆里吃饭，那一定发生了很严重的事情。 must have done “一定做过”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测。 No one answered the phone call.They_must_have_already_gone_out.‎ 没有人接电话，他们一定已经出去了。‎ ‎4.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！ have sb.doing sth.与否定的情态动词连用意为“不允许/容忍某人(一直)做某事”。 He could_not_have_his_son_playing_computer_games all the time during summer vacation.‎ 他不能容忍他儿子暑假期间一直玩电脑游戏。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．(教材P9)Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet？　‎ 每个人都得吃饭，但是你的饮食健康吗？‎ diet n．日常饮食vi.节食 be/go on a diet　　　　节食；减肥 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 ‎①The doctor puts me on a very strict diet, for I'm too fat.　‎ 医生严格限制我的饮食，因为我太胖了。‎ ‎②He is on a diet to reduce some weight.‎ 他正在节食以减轻体重。‎ ‎③It is important to have_a_balanced_and_healthy_diet.‎ 有一个均衡健康的日常饮食很重要。‎ ‎2．(教材P9)What will happen to you if you don't eat a balanced diet?‎ 如果你的饮食不均衡，你将会怎样呢？‎ balanced adj.平衡的 balance n．平衡；天平vt.平衡；权衡 ‎(1)keep one's balance　　　　　　保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 keep a balance between A and B 保持A与B间的平衡 ‎(2)balance A against/with/and B 权衡A与B ‎①You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before you give up your present job.‎ 在你放弃目前的工作之前，你应该权衡其利弊。‎ ‎②To keep fit, first of all, you'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet.　‎ 为了保持健康，首先，你要保持平衡的膳食。‎ ‎③Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.‎ 尽量保持工作与休闲的平衡。‎ ‎[语境串记]　When he first learned to skate, he didn't know how to balance himself.But now he has learned to keep himself balanced while skating.‎ 最初学习滑冰时，他不知道如何使自己保持平衡。可是，现在他已经学会了滑冰时使自己保持平衡。‎ ‎3．(教材P10)Want to lose weight?‎ 想变瘦吗？‎ lose weight减轻体重；变瘦；减肥 gain/put on weight　　　　体重增加；长胖；增肥 by weight 按体重/重量 watch one's weight 控制体重 ‎①Because there is not enough food, they are losing weight.‎ 因为没有足够的食物吃，他们的体重在减轻。‎ ‎②Some people do put on weight after they quit smoking.‎ 一些人戒烟后体重确实会增加。‎ ‎③Don't give me anything to eat; I have to watch_my_weight.‎ 别给我吃任何东西，我得控制体重。‎ ‎[语境串记]　Jack put on/gained weight last year, but he managed to lose weight by exercise quickly.Now he is still watching his weight all the time.‎ 杰克去年长胖了，但他靠运动很快变瘦了。现在，他仍然一直在控制体重。‎ ‎4．(教材P10)Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.‎ 王鹏在好奇心的驱使下走了进去。‎ curiosity n．好奇心；好奇 ‎ (1)in/with curiosity　　　　　好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ‎(2)curious adj. 好奇的 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事 be curious about sth. 对……感到奇怪 ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎①People who made great inventions in science are full of curiosity.‎ 在科学上有重大发明的人都充满了好奇心。‎ ‎②I opened the present out_of_curiosity when I got it.‎ 当我收到礼物时，出于好奇我就打开了。‎ ‎③I'm curious to_know (know) what has happened to him.‎ 我很好奇地想知道他发生了什么事情。‎ ‎④It is children's nature to be curious about the people and things around them.‎ 对周围的人和事物感到好奇是孩子的天性。‎ ‎[语境串记]　He was curious to know how that old clock worked, so he took it apart with curiosity and examined it curiously.‎ 他对那个老钟表是如何工作的很好奇，因此，他好奇地把它拆开了并好奇地研究起来。‎ ‎5．(教材P10)He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ get away with受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 get along/on with　　　与……相处；进展 get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真做某事 get over 克服；从(疾病、失望等)中恢 ‎ 复过来 get through 用完；顺利通过；(有电话)接通；‎ ‎ 完成；结束(与with连用)‎ get across 使理解；越过 ‎①If you cheat in the exam, you'll never get away with it.‎ 如果你在考试中作弊，你会受到惩罚的。‎ ‎②Isn't it time you got down to marking (mark) those papers?‎ 难道不是你应该开始认真阅卷的时候了？‎ ‎③The line is busy; I can't get through.‎ 电话占线，我打不通。‎ ‎④He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he'll get over it.‎ 他因没有得到那份工作而大失所望，不过他会从失望中恢复过来的。‎ tell lies (＝tell a lie)说谎 a white lie　　　　　善意的谎言 lie to sb. 对某人说谎/撒谎 lie in 位于(……的内部)；在于 ‎①I don't like the people who always tell lies/a lie.‎ 我不喜欢总是撒谎的人。‎ ‎②He promised his mother never to lie to her again.‎ 他答应他母亲再也不向她撒谎了。‎ ‎③The Rocky Mountains lie_in the west part of America.‎ 落基山脉位于美国西部。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　lie, lie, lay 原形 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 说谎 lied lied lying lie 躺；位于 lay lain lying lay 放下；下蛋；产卵 laid laid laying ‎[语境串记]　The boy lying under the tree lied to his mother that the hen laid two eggs at a time.‎ 那个躺在树下的小男孩对他母亲撒谎说那只母鸡一次下了两个鸡蛋。‎ ‎[巧学助记]‎ 规则的撒谎→“撒谎(lie)”的变化是规则的 不规则的躺→“躺(lie)”的变化是不规则的 躺过就下蛋→“躺(lie)”的过去式是“下蛋(lay)”‎ 下蛋不规则→“下蛋(lay)”的变化是不规则的 ‎6．(教材P10)Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.‎ 也许打点折、写个新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客。‎ discount n．折扣vt.打折扣；贴现 give/allow/make a discount (of ...)　 打(……)折 with/at a discount (of 10%) 打(九)折 ‎①The employees at the shop get a discount of 10%.‎ 商店员工购物可打9折。‎ ‎②In this shop, everything is sold at a discount.‎ 在这家商店，所有的东西都打折卖。‎ ‎③They give_a_discount_of_10% for cash payment.‎ 现金付款，他们给予九折优惠。‎ ‎[名师点津]　注意“打九折”的英语正确表达法为10% discount或者10% off。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1. “Nothing could be better，” he thought.‎ 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。” ‎ ‎(1)本句中使用了“否定词＋谓语动词＋比较级”表示最高级的用法。这种结构中的常用否定词还有no, not, never, nobody, hardly, seldom等。‎ ‎①I have never seen a better film.‎ 我没看过比这部更好的电影。‎ ‎②No one can be more_careful than she is.‎ 没有人比她更细心。‎ ‎③—How did your interview go?‎ ‎—I couldn't_feel_better about it!‎ ‎——你的面试如何？‎ ‎——我对那次面试的感觉再好不过了！ ‎ ‎(2)表示最高级意义的常用表达法：‎ ‎•否定词＋形容词/副词比较级＋than•否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ‎④Nothing is easier (easy) than this.‎ 这是最容易的事。‎ ‎2．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ‎ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎(1)句中have sb.doing sth.与否定的情态动词连用意为“不允许/容忍某人(一直)做某事”。‎ ‎①He won't have his daughter arriving home late.‎ 他不容许女儿晚回家。‎ ‎②I won't have you saying (say) to your parents this way.‎ 我不能容忍你以这种方式对你父母讲话。‎ ‎(2)have sb.doing sth.用于肯定句中，意思是“让……一直/持续……”。‎ ‎③I'm sorry to have you waiting (wait) for so long.‎ 我非常抱歉让你一直等了这么长时间。‎ ‎(3)have sb.do sth.“使/让某人做某事”。省略to的不定式表示一次性的具体动作，宾语与宾补之间为主动关系。‎ ‎④I would have him wait (wait) for me at the gate of the park.‎ 我将会让他在公园门口等我。‎ ‎(4)have sth.done的三种含义：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎⑤We had this machine mended (mend) just now.‎ 我们刚才请人把机器修好了。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The lecture made me realize the importance of a balanced (balance) diet.‎ ‎2．Who had the machine running (run) the whole night yesterday?‎ ‎3．Anyone who breaks laws can't get away with punishment.‎ ‎4. People have always been curious (curiosity) about exactly how life on earth began.‎ ‎5．The boy told a white lie to his mother last night.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．He finally won_back_his_father's_trust_and_support.‎ 他最终赢回他父亲的信任与支持。‎ ‎2．Lynn always seems to be_on_a_diet.‎ 林恩似乎总是在节食。‎ ‎3．I really couldn't_ask_for_a_better_boss.‎ 我真的找不到一个比他更好的老板了。‎ ‎4．Do you give/allow/make_a_discount if I buy a whole case of wine?‎ 如果我买一整箱酒你们打折吗？‎ ‎5．It is easier to put_on/gain_weight,_but it is quite difficult to lose_weight.‎ 增加体重较容易，但是减肥就困难了。‎ ‎ ‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The hostess (女主人) was at the door to welcome us.‎ ‎2．I think curiosity (好奇心) is the best teacher.‎ ‎3．I bought a pair of sneakers at a 30% discount (折扣)．‎ ‎4．You look much slimmer (苗条的) these days than before.‎ ‎5．A balanced (均衡的) diet is essential for everybody.‎ ‎6．The minute the shopping mall opened, the customers (顾客) came crowding in.‎ ‎7．We all have weaknesses (弱点) and strengths — no matter who we are.‎ ‎8．If you want to keep slim, protective (给予保护的) food is your best choice.‎ ‎9．Some people prefer the mutton roasted (烘烤) over the fire in summer.‎ ‎10．The naughty boy always tells lies (谎言) to make fun of people.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．A balanced (balance) diet and regular physical activity will help you keep fit.‎ ‎2．Fried (fry) things are considered unhealthy food.‎ ‎3．We call for less homework, thus leaving (leave) students more time to sleep and take exercise.‎ ‎4．Remember no one can get away with breaking (break) the law.‎ ‎5．They are discussing the strengths (strong) and weaknesses of the argument.‎ ‎6．Claire had her luggage checked (check) an hour before her plane left.‎ ‎7．In order to attract more customers, many supermarkets usually sell their goods at a discount at weekends.‎ ‎8．Too many sweets and not enough exercise will make you put on weight.‎ Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．My mindless words must_have_hurt_him deeply.‎ 我无心的话一定深深地伤害了他。‎ ‎2．—If our parents would listen to us, they would understand us better.‎ ‎—I couldn't_agree_more.They just expect us to listen.‎ ‎——如果父母听我们的建议，他们会更好地理解我们。‎ ‎——我完全赞同，他们只是希望我们听话。‎ ‎3．John had a strong desire to win_back_his_friends'_love_and_trust.‎ 约翰强烈希望能重新赢得他朋友对他的爱和信任。‎ ‎4．If you place orders now, we would give_you_a_10%_discount.‎ 如果你现在订购，我们给你打九折。‎ ‎5．His answer did not satisfy_my_curiosity at all.‎ 他的答案丝毫没有满足我的好奇心。‎ ‎6．The little girl ran so fast that she lost_her_balance_and_fell.‎ 小女孩跑得如此快以至于她失去平衡，摔倒了。‎ Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Wang Peng felt 1.frustrated (frustrate) in his empty restaurant because no customers have come to his restaurant ever 2.since he got up early in the morning. He wanted to find out why. He hurried out and 3.followed (follow) Li Chang into a newlyopened restaurant. He found that the owner 4.named (name) Yong Hui was serving slimming food to make people thin. Driven by 5.curiosity (curious), Wang Peng came forward to take a close look at the menu. He could not even believe his eyes. He was amazed at 6.what he saw. He hurried outside and went to the library to do some research. After a lot of reading, he realized that Yong Hui's food made people 7.become (become) tired 8.quickly (quick) because it was not enough energygiving ‎ food.9.Arriving (arrive) home Wang Peng rewrote his own sign. The 10.competition (compete) between the two restaurants was on!‎ Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达 小薇是个中学生。她体重有90多公斤，因为她喜欢吃甜食。她厌烦(be tired of)了别人嘲笑她，因此，她决定通过不吃早饭的方法来减肥(lose weight)。她每天都节食(go on a diet)。一个月后，她对她苗条的(slim)身材感到很吃惊(be amazed at)。但有时候她感到不舒服，因为她在饮食上没有保持平衡(keep one's balance)。医生建议她不该撒谎(tell a lie)说她每天吃的食物都适当。如果她听从医生的建议，她会把别人对她的喜欢赢回来(win ...back)。‎ Xiao_Wei_was_a_middle_school_student.She_weighed_more_than_90_kilograms_because_she_had_a_sweet_tooth.She_was_tired_of_others'_laughing_at_her,_so_she_decided_to_lose_weight_by_skipping_breakfast.She_went_on_a_diet_every_day.After_a_month,_she_was_amazed_at_her_slim_figure.But_she_felt_sick_about_herself_at_times,_because__she_didn't_keep_her_balance_on_her_diets.The__doctor_advised_that_she_shouldn't_have_told_a_lie_that_she_had_eaten_right_food_every_day.If_she_followed_the_doctor's__advice,_she_would_win_others'_fondness_back.‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 ‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 There was once a woman who decided to kill all the monsters (怪物) in the world. This __1__ took her on a dangerous journey. She met with many __2__ along the way, each testing her strength and abilities.‎ She hadn't traveled long __3__ she began chasing the monster of hunger. She __4__ him and declared, “You've been causing hunger; __5__ to die.” The monster said, “I acknowledge I bring __6__， but I also bring benefits as well. There would be no __7__ to find food and survive without me. So looking at the ways, I might be __8__； don't destroy me.” The woman saw the __9__ in what the monster said, so the monster wasn't killed.‎ Then she found the monster of suffering and said, “Nobody __10__ to suffer. You're __11__ and I want to kill you.” But he also __12__ for his life, saying, “I do cause pain and sorrow. Yet because of me people __13__ and develop. Remember as a child when you put your hand too close to a fire and experienced the pain of the __14__？ Your suffering was short, but you learned from the __15__.This learning has protected you, and this short suffering may have helped to __16__ your life.” The woman then realized another truth — through pain we learn to __17__ pain and appreciate pleasure. So perhaps even suffering has its place if we learn how to __18__ from it.‎ So she learned that it isn't what the object is, but how we __19__ it, that makes the difference. Experiences of the past __20__ what we do in the present. We can never tell how the unexpected bad events lead to unexpected beautiful new experiences.‎ 语篇解读：本文为夹叙夹议文。看似坏的东西也可以给我们带来好处，本文说明的就是这个道理。‎ ‎1．A. hobby　　　　　　　　 B．order C．promise D．goal 解析：选D　由“decided to kill all the monsters (怪物) in the world”可知，‎ 该空意指杀怪物这一“目标(goal)”。‎ ‎2．A. aids B．surprises C．challenges D．competitions 解析：选C　由“each testing her strength and abilities”可知，她在途中遇到了许多“挑战(challenge)”。‎ ‎3．A. while B．before C．until D．after 解析：选B　出发不久她就赶上了“the monster of hunger”，即在赶上“the monster of hunger”“之前(before)”她还没有走很长时间，故选B项。‎ ‎4．A. joined B．found C．punished D．approached 解析：选D　赶上“the monster of hunger”后，需要“接近(approach)”它，让它“准备(prepare)”受死。‎ ‎5．A. agree B．decide C．prepare D．turn 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A. regret B．fear C．disappointment D．discomfort 解析：选D　由上文“You've been causing hunger”可知，此处它承认它给人带来了“不适(discomfort)”。‎ ‎7．A. doubt B．motivation C．idea D．possibility 解析：选B　饥饿为人们寻找食物从而存活下来提供了“动力(motivation)”，由此可判断选B项。‎ ‎8．A. useful B．stressful C．harmful D．hopeful 解析：选A　由上文“I also bring benefits as well”可知，怪物认为它也是“有用的(useful)”。‎ ‎9．A. difficulty B．theory C．truth D．belief 解析：选C　根据语境可判断此处指“the monster of hunger”也有其自己的作用这一“事实(truth)”。‎ ‎10．A. refuses B．wants C．asks D．pretends 解析：选B　根据语境可判断此处意为：没人“想(want)”受苦。‎ ‎11．A. ugly B．stupid C．worthless D．embarrassing 解析：选C　她认为给人带来痛苦的东西是“没有价值的(worthless)”，故她要杀它。‎ ‎12．A. defended B．waited C．applied D．called 解析：选A　由其后面的讲话可判断它是在给自己“辩护(defend)”。‎ ‎13．A. grow B．think C．try D．learn 解析：选D　由下文“but you learned”及“This learning”的提示可判断选D项。‎ ‎14．A. disease B．heat C．wound D．incident 解析：选B　由“put your hand too close to a fire”可判断选B项。‎ ‎15．A. experience B．effort C．failure D．journey 解析：选A　由上下文语境可判断此处指将手靠近火感到痛后又将手收回这一“经历(experience)”，故选A项。‎ ‎16．A. improve B．accept C．risk D．save 解析：选D　由“This learning has protected you”可判断与protected匹配的应该是“拯救(save)”生命。‎ ‎17．A. tolerate B．avoid C．overcome D．reduce 解析：选B　知道靠近火会痛以后就知道不要将手靠近火，从而能“避免(avoid)”疼痛，由此语境可判断选B项。‎ ‎18．A. escape B．hear C．benefit D．suffer 解析：选C　suffering也有用，如果你能从中“受益(benefit)”的话，它们也有其作用。‎ ‎19．A. see B．do C．express D．believe 解析：选A　怪物看似没有价值，但其实有用，关键是你怎么样“看待(see)”它。‎ ‎20．A. bring B．suggest C．damage D．change 解析：选D　由最后一句可判断，此处表示过去的经历可以“改变(change)”我们现在所做的事。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 All of us know the old saying “Practice make perfect.” It tells us unless we want to realize our aim, we should practice, and one day we will make it. It's easy to understand. Once I wanted to learn swimming. At first I found difficult to control my body. I just sank into the water. I feel very frightened. Then I watched others who were good at them and asked them the key to succeed. I went to the swimming pool every day, learned from them and practiced. A day, when my friend pushed me into the swimming pool, I sudden found that I could swim. How exciting I was! Now I can swim much more better than before.‎ 答案：第一句：make→makes 第二句：unless→if 第五句：found后加it 第七句：feel→felt 第八句：第一个them→it; succeed→success 第十句：A→One; sudden→suddenly 第十一句：exciting→excited 第十二句：去掉more Section_Ⅲ Grammar—_情态动词(Ⅱ)‎ ‎ ‎ 语法图解 ‎ ‎ 探究发现 ‎①By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.‎ ‎②Does your father need any help? ‎ ‎③What do we need to take for the picnic?‎ ‎④You needn't try to explain.‎ ‎ ⑤His mother is ill.He has to stay at home to look after her.‎ ‎⑥Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.‎ ‎[我的发现]‎ ‎(1)以上句子中，第①④⑤⑥句中的黑体词都是情态动词，而第②③两句中的黑体词是实义动词。‎ ‎(2)以上各句中的情态动词后都接动词原形。其中第⑥句中must have happened的意思是“一定已经发生了”。‎ ‎(3)上述句子中ought to意为“应该”；need意为“需要”；has to意为“不得不”。‎ ‎ ‎ 一、ought to的用法 ‎1．“应该”，表示责任或义务。用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用should代替，但比should语气重。‎ You ought to study harder than your brother.‎ 你应该比你哥哥更努力学习。‎ I should help her because she is in trouble.‎ 她有困难了，我应该帮助她。‎ ‎2．“应该”，表示劝告、建议或命令。should和ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn't to或ought not to。‎ You ought to balance career and family.‎ 你应该平衡好事业与家庭之间的关系。‎ Should I open the window?‎ 我应该打开窗户吗？‎ ‎3．“应该”，表示推测。可与should换用。‎ Mary ought to be here soon.‎ 玛丽应该很快就来了。‎ This is where the oil ought to/should be.‎ 这里应该就是石油存在的地方。‎ ‎[即时演练1]　用ought to补全句子 ‎①You ought_to_be_more_careful when you cross the road next time.‎ 下次过马路时，你应该更小心些。‎ ‎②You oughtn't/ought_not_to_scold him.‎ 你不该责备他。‎ ‎③—Ought_I_to_leave tomorrow?‎ ‎—Yes, you_ought_to.‎ ‎——我应该明天动身吗？‎ ‎——是的，你应该。‎ 二、need的用法 ‎1．作情态动词 ‎(1)need作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，意为“需要”。‎ ‎—Need I finish the work today?‎ ‎—Yes, you must./No, you needn't.‎ ‎——我需要今天干完这活吗？‎ ‎——是的，必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。‎ ‎(2)needn't 意为“不必”，表示客观上不必如何。‎ There's plenty of time.You needn't drive so fast.‎ 时间很充足，你不必开这么快。‎ ‎2．作实义动词 need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。‎ The bike needs repairing.‎ ‎＝The bike needs to be repaired.‎ 这辆自行车需要修理。‎ ‎[即时演练2]　用need或must补全句子 ‎ ‎①(2017•天津高考改编)My room is a mess, but I needn't_clean_it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.‎ 我的房间很乱，不过今晚在我出去之前，我没必要打扫它。我可以在(明天)早晨打扫。‎ ‎②The door needs_painting/to_be_painted.‎ 那扇门需要粉刷一下。‎ ‎③—Need he stay here?‎ ‎—Yes, he must./No, he needn't.‎ ‎——他需要留在这儿吗？‎ ‎——是的，他必须。/不，他不必留在这儿。‎ 三、have to的用法 ‎1．have to“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don't/doesn't/didn't have to。‎ It's too late.I have to go home now.‎ 天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。‎ You don't have to finish the work now.‎ 你现在没有必要完成这项工作。‎ ‎2．have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must还表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。‎ I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.‎ 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。‎ You must obey the rules of your school.‎ 你必须遵守你们学校的规则。‎ ‎[即时演练3]　用have to 和must补全句子 ‎ ‎①I have_to_meet_my_partner once a week.‎ 我每周必须与我的合伙人碰一次头。‎ ‎②We don't_have_to_go_to_school on Sundays.‎ 星期天我们不用去上学。‎ ‎③I must_write_a_letter to the manager.‎ 我非得给经理写封信不可。‎ 四、情态动词＋have done ‎“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去事情的推测。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表：‎ can/could have done 1.过去可能做了(表推测)‎ ‎2.本能做而未做(表虚拟) ‎ should/ought to have done 本该做而未做 may/might have done 1.过去也许做了(表推测)‎ ‎2.本可能做而未做(表虚拟) ‎ must have done 一定已经做了 needn't have done 本不必做而做了 From what you said, she must have told you all about it.‎ 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。‎ You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them.‎ 你本应该早点告诉我，不然的话我就会和他们一块去了。‎ They could have sent up the satellite successfully.‎ 他们本来有能力成功发射这颗卫星的。‎ You ought to/should have been more careful.‎ 你本应该更小心一些的。‎ You needn't have told them about it.‎ 你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。‎ ‎[即时演练4]　用“情态动词＋have done”补全句子 ‎①They must_have_been to the Great Wall, haven't they?‎ 他们一定去过长城，不是吗？‎ ‎②He can't/couldn't_have_watched TV last night, for he knew he would have a test.‎ 昨天晚上他不可能看电视，因为他知道就要考试了。‎ ‎③He could_have_passed the exam, but he was too careless.‎ 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心了。‎ ‎④You should/ought_to_have_done more exercise before.‎ 以前你本应该多进行锻炼的。‎ ‎⑤You might/may_have_read about it in the newspapers.‎ 你可能已经在报纸上看过这个消息了。‎ ‎⑥I needn't_have_cooked so much food.Nobody was hungry.‎ 我本不必做这么多吃的，大家都不饿。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.用情态动词和所给动词的正确形式填空 ‎1．You ought_to/should_have_given (give) him some advice.He was too upset at that ‎ time.‎ ‎2．You mustn't_smoke (smoke) in this part of the hospital.‎ ‎3．There was plenty of time.She needn't_have_hurried (hurry)．‎ ‎4．I have no bike, so I have_to_go (go) to the office on foot.‎ ‎5．You needn't_buy (not buy) a gift, but you can if you want to.‎ ‎6．Look！The road is wet.It must_have_rained (rain) last night.‎ ‎7．Bob ought_not_to_speak (not speak) to his mother like that.‎ ‎8．You must_come (come) here on time, or you'll be fined next time.‎ ‎9．Hurry up！We ought_to/should_go (go) to school right away.‎ ‎10．Her eyes are red.She must_have_been (be) crying.‎ Ⅱ.单句写作 ‎1．(2017•江苏高考书面表达)Therefore, the film industry should_make_greater_efforts (应该做出更大的努力) to attract more viewers.‎ ‎2．(2016•全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I have just found that I_have_to_attend_an_important_class_‎ meeting (我必须参加一个重要的班会) that afternoon.‎ ‎3．(2015•全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)The length of the article should_be_limited_to_400_words_‎ or_so (应当限制在400词左右)．‎ ‎4．(2015•四川高考满分作文)I badly need_someone_to_help_me_with_my_oral_English (需要有人来帮助我学英语口语), at which lots of Chinese students are bad.‎ ‎5．Mr.Smith can't_have_gone_to_Beijing (不可能去北京了), for I saw him in the library just now.‎ ‎6．You oughtn't_to/shouldn't_have_written (本不应该写) so fast.‎ ‎7．You needn't_have_referred_to_it (本不必提起它), for I had known about it.‎ ‎8．You must_have_seen (肯定看过) the film Wolf Warrior Ⅱ.‎ Ⅲ.语法填空(用适当的情态动词填空)‎ The bell for class just rang for the second time, but Tom didn't turn up.He 1.should/ought_to have arrived at school earlier because there would be a math test for the whole class today.He is one of the top students in the class.He usually comes to school on time.“He 2.should be in class now，” thought his master teacher Mrs.Green.“I 3.must make sure what has happened to him.”‎ So she went out of the classroom and rang up Tom.‎ ‎“Hi, Tom! You 4.ought_to be at school now.Where are you？”‎ ‎“Good morning, Mrs.Green.I'm still at home.”‎ ‎“Why? Why don't you come to school today？”‎ ‎“My mother is ill, so I 5.have_to/must look after her at home.”‎ ‎“Your father should be at home, so you 6.needn't/don't_have_to stay at home to take care of her.”‎ ‎“But my father hasn't got back from work yet.I will go to school as soon as my father gets back.”‎ ‎“OK.But you 7.must/need come here as quickly as possible, or you will 8.have_to take another test if you fail this one.”‎ Section_Ⅳ Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[原文呈现]‎ COME AND EAT HERE (2)‎ A week later, Wang Peng's restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living① after all② and not have to close his restaurant. He did not look forward to being③ in debt④ because his restaurant was no longer⑤ popular. He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in⑥.She did not look happy but glared⑦ at him. “May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day⑧？ I thought you were a new customer⑨ and now I know that you only came to spy on ⑩me and my menu，” she shouted. “Please excuse me，” he calmly explained, “I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week. I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant. I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited⑪ that⑫ I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits⑬ of my food. Why don't you sit down and try a meal？”‎ ‎[读文清障]‎ ‎①earn one's living谋生 也可以说make a/one's living。‎ ‎②after all意为“归根结底；毕竟；终究；仍然”。‎ ‎③look forward to (doing) sth.期望/盼望(做)某事 ‎④in debt欠债　debt/det/n.债；债务 ‎⑤no longer＝not ...any longer不再(时间上)‎ no more＝not ...any more不再(数量上)‎ ‎⑥saw Yong Hui walking in 为see sb.doing sth.(看见某人正在做某事)结构，现在分词短语walking in作宾语补足语。‎ ‎⑦glare/ɡleə/vi.怒目而视；闪耀n.怒视；炫目的光 glare at瞪着；怒目而视　stare at凝视 ‎⑧the other day意为“那天；几天前”，常与一般过去时连用。‎ ‎⑨I thought ...表示“我原以为……”，该用法常在时态中考查。‎ ‎⑩spy on暗中监视；侦查 spy/spaI/vi.&vt.窥探；秘密监视n.间谍；侦探 ‎⑪limited/'lImItId/adj.有限的 limit/'lImIt/vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度 ‎⑫so ...that ...如此……以至于……，that引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎⑬benefit/'benIfIt/n.利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益 be of benefit to对……有益，相当于be beneficial to。‎ 到这里来用餐吧 (2)‎ ‎[第1段译文]‎ 一周后，王鹏的餐馆里几乎坐满了人，他感到高兴些了。也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭自己的餐馆。他可不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。他微笑着站在餐馆门口热情地迎接他的客人。但他一见到雍慧走进来，脸上的笑容马上就消失了。雍慧瞪着他，看上去不高兴。“请问你几天前到我餐馆里来干什么？”她大声地问道，“我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的。”王鹏心平气和地解释说：“很对不起，上周我想知道我的顾客上哪儿吃饭去了。我跟着一位顾客走，发现他们在你的餐馆里。我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？”‎ Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying dumplings⑭ and breast⑮ of chicken cooked with garlic⑯.When they were served⑰ the ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill.“I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food，” she said, “I miss my vegetables and fruit.” Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of⑱ dumplings so he sighed⑲.“Yes，” he added, “and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork.Don't you get tired quickly？”“Well, I do have to rest a lot，” admitted Yong Hui.“But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner⑳？ I'm sure you'd feel much healthier.”,⑭enjoy dumplings品尝水饺；津津有味地吃水饺 ‎⑮breast/brest/n.胸部；乳房 breast of chicken鸡胸肉 ‎⑯garlic/'ɡɑːlIk/ n．大蒜 过去分词短语cooked with garlic作定语，修饰breast of chicken。‎ ‎⑰serve sb.sth.给某人端上……食物 ‎⑱a second plate of又一盘……；再一盘……‎ a second不表示顺序，而表示数量、次数，意为“再一；又一”。　‎ ‎⑲sigh/saI/vi.叹息；叹气 n．叹息；叹息声 ‎⑳It would be better if ...如果……会更好一些(表示委婉地提出建议，句子用了虚拟语气)。‎ ‎[第2段译文]‎ 雍慧同意留下来，一会儿他们就津津有味地吃起水饺和蒜蓉鸡胸来。到吃冰淇淋时，雍慧开始感到不舒服了。她说：“吃了这么油腻的、难消化的食物，我都觉得恶心了。我想吃我的蔬菜和水果。”王鹏正在吃另一盘水饺，他叹了口气，说道：“同样，(如果在你的餐馆)我还想吃我的水饺和肥肉呢。你不觉得自己很容易疲倦吗？”“是的，我的确不得不需要经常地休息，”雍慧承认了，“不过，难道你不认为你瘦一点儿更好吗？我相信，那样你会觉得健康得多。”‎ They began to talk about menus and balanced diets. “According to○21 my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet○22 ，” explained Wang Peng. “I don't offer enough fibre and you don't offer enough bodybuilding and energygiving food. Perhaps we ought to combine○23 our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre○24.” So that is what they did○25.They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than○26 fried them. They served fresh fruit with the ice cream. In this way○27 they cut down○28 the fat and increased the fibre in the meal. Their balanced diets became such a success○29 that before long○30 Wang Peng became slimmer and ‎ Yong Hui put on more weight○31.After some time the two found that their business cooperation○32 had turned into○33 a personal one. Finally they got married and lived happily ever after.‎ ‎○21according to根据 ‎○22neither ...nor ...既不……也不……，为并列连词，连接两个平行并列的成分。此处连接两个并列的主语，谓语动词应采用“就近一致”原则。‎ ‎○23combine/kəm'baIn/vt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合 combine A with B＝combine A and B把A和B结合/联合起来 ‎○24with复合结构(with＋n.＋adj.)作定语，修饰a balanced menu。‎ ‎○25what引导的表语从句，what在表语从句中作did的宾语。‎ ‎○26rather than意为“而不是”，连接并列成分。‎ ‎○27in this way＝by this means/with this method用这种办法 ‎○28cut down削减；删节 ‎○29a success中的success为抽象名词具体化，此处意为“成功的事”。‎ ‎○30before long不久以后 ‎○31put on weight增加体重(＝gain weight)‎ ‎○32cooperation/kəʊˌɒpə'reIʃn/ n．合作；协作 cooperate v．合作；协作 ‎○33turn into成为……；变成……‎ ‎[第3段译文]‎ 他们开始谈论菜谱和均衡膳食的问题。王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食。我没有提供足够的膳食纤维，而你提供的食物没有足够的营养和热量。也许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，提供一份富含热量和纤维的均衡食谱。”于是，他们就照此做了。他们用生蔬菜配汉堡包，煮土豆而不是油炸土豆，还拿新鲜的水果配上冰淇淋。这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。他们的均衡膳食非常有效，王鹏不久之后就瘦了，而雍慧也增加了些体重。过了不久，这两个人发现，他们生意上的合作变成了私人的合作了。最后，他们结了婚，从此过上了幸福美满的生活。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Step 1　True (T) or False (F)．‎ ‎1．Yong Hui came to Wang Peng's restaurant in order to spy on him.(　　)‎ ‎2．Yong Hui stayed in Wang Peng's restaurant and enjoyed dumplings and breast of chicken.(　　)‎ ‎3．Wang Peng and Yong Hui quarrelled in the end.(　　)‎ 答案：1.F　2.T　3.F Step 2　Read the text and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1．Wang Peng was worried when he thought ________.‎ A．he would be in debt B．he could no longer earn his living C．he would lose his job ‎ D．his friends would not visit him ‎2．Yong Hui was very angry when she came to Wang Peng's restaurant because ________.‎ A．she thought he was a new customer ‎ B．she thought he had spied on her restaurant C．she was told he was a spy D．he was too fat ‎3．Wang Peng's research showed ________.‎ A．his menu was balanced B．both menus were balanced C．Yong Hui's menu was balanced D．neither of their menus was balanced ‎4．He suggested they provide a combined menu because ________.‎ A．he liked Yong Hui ‎ B．he didn't want to lose his customers C．he thought her menu was better D．this would provide a balanced diet ‎5．What's the final result of the competition of the two restaurants?‎ A．Yong Hui's restaurant won.‎ B．Wang Peng's restaurant won.‎ C．They combined their menus and created a new one.‎ D．They lowered their own food price to win more customers.‎ 答案：1～5　BBDDC ‎ ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 　‎ 一、这样记单词 记得准•写得对 记得快•记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1.consult vt.　　　　咨询；请教；商量 ‎2.debt n. 债；债务 ‎3.glare vi. 怒目而视；闪耀 ‎　　n. 怒视；炫目的光 ‎4.spy vi.&vt. 窥探；秘密监视 ‎　　n. 间谍；侦探 ‎5.sigh vi. 叹息；叹气 ‎　　n. 叹息；叹息声 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1.digest vi.&vt.消化 n．摘要；概要→digestion n．消化 ‎2.poisonous adj.有毒的→poison n．毒药；毒物 ‎3.limit vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度→limited adj.有限的 ‎4.benefit n．利益；好处 vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial adj.有益处的；有利的；受益的 ‎5.combine vt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combination n．联合；结合；化合(物)‎ ‎6.cooperation n．合作；协作→cooperate vi.合作；协作 1.consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；参考；查阅 ‎[图片记忆]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.debt n．债；债务 ‎[词块]　①in debt　　　负债 ‎②out of debt 不欠债 ‎③pay off one's debt 还清某人的欠款或债务 ‎3.“看”之大集合 ‎①see v. 看见；看到 ‎②watch v. 注意看；观察；注视 ‎③observe v. 观察；注意到 ‎④gaze v. 凝视；盯着看(常指无意识地)‎ ‎⑤stare v. 盯着看；凝视 ‎⑥witness v. 目击；亲眼看见 ‎⑦glance v. 瞥一眼；很快的一看 ‎⑧glare vi.& n. 怒目而视；闪耀；怒视；炫目的光 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.earn_one's_living　　　　　谋生 ‎2.in_debt 负债；欠债 ‎3.glare_at 瞪着；怒目而视 ‎4.spy_on 暗中监视；侦查 ‎5.cut_down 削减；删节 ‎6.before_long 不久以后 ‎7.put_on_weight 增加体重 ‎8.turn_into 变成……；成为…… 1.after all　　　　　　毕竟；终究；归根结底；仍然 ‎2.no longer 不再(时间上)‎ ‎3.the other day 几天前；那天 ‎4.enjoy dumplings 品尝水饺；津津有味地吃水饺 ‎5.a second plate of 又一盘……；再一盘……‎ ‎6.according to 根据 ‎7.rather than 而不是 ‎8.in this way 用这种办法 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.‎ 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你的菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。 so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 The little girl is so_lovely_that we all like her.‎ 这个小女孩如此可爱，以至于我们都喜欢她。‎ ‎2.“According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，” explained Wang Peng.‎ 王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食。” neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，连接两个并列成分。 Neither_John_nor_Tom knows how to spell the word.‎ 约翰和汤姆都不知道怎样拼写这个单词。‎ ‎3.Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.‎ 他们的均衡膳食非常有效，王鹏不久之后就瘦了，而雍慧也增加了些体重。 such ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 This is such_an_interesting_book_that we all enjoy reading it.‎ 这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．(教材P12)However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice, raw vegetables, bananas and lemons.‎ 然而，因害怕被朋友们嘲笑，她没有向医生咨询，而是以米饭、生蔬菜、香蕉和柠檬为主食。‎ consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；参考；查阅 consult sb.about sth.　　　 　 就某事请教/咨询某人 consult sth.about sth. 就……而查阅某物 consult with sb.about/on sth. 就某事与某人商量 ‎ ‎①You'd better consult him before you make up your mind.‎ 在你下决心之前最好向他咨询一下。‎ ‎②If you wish good advice, consult an old man about it.‎ 如果你希望有好的建议，就向老人请教。‎ ‎③She consulted with her parents about/on the way to do the matter.‎ 她同父母商量了做这件事的方法。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　consult, look up 两者均有“查阅”之意 consult 相当于refer to或turn to，后面接查询的工具 look up 后面接需查询的问题或内容 选用上述词语填空 ‎④I consulted the telephone book for his number.‎ ‎⑤When you meet with a new word, you'd better look_up it in the dictionary.‎ ‎2．(教材P14)Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.‎ 也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭自己的餐馆。‎ earn one's living 谋生 earn/make a living　　　　　 谋生；维持生计 earn/make one's own living 自食其力 ‎①How hard it was to earn her living in those days.‎ 那时她度日维艰。‎ ‎②Many people here make a living by boarding students.‎ 这儿的许多人靠租房子给学生维持生计。‎ ‎③He said that he had grown up and could earn_his_own_living.‎ 他说他已经长大了，能够自食其力。‎ ‎3．(教材P14)He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.‎ 他可不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。‎ debt n．债；债务；欠款 in debt　　　　　　　负债 out of debt 不欠债 pay off one's debt 还清某人的欠款或债务 ‎①Her debts amount to over $1,000.‎ 她欠的钱超过1 000美元。‎ ‎②Many people experience difficulty in paying_off_their_debts.‎ 许多人在还债时都遇到困难。‎ ‎③I'll be_out_of_debt next year.‎ 我明年就没有欠债了。‎ ‎4．(教材P14)I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu ...‎ 我本以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的……‎ spy on 暗中监视；侦查 spy on sb.　　　　暗中监视某人 spy out sth. 查清楚/搞明白某事 ‎①He saw a man spying_on him from behind a tree.‎ 他看见一个人躲在树后监视他。‎ ‎②They spied out the secret of her success.‎ 他们查清楚了她成功的秘密。‎ ‎[语境串记]　The tall man was a spy, who had been given the task of spying on the woman and spying out her identity.‎ 那个高个子男人是个间谍，他受命监视那个女人并且查清楚她的身份。‎ ‎5．(教材P14)I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.‎ 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你的菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。‎ limit n．&vt.界限；限度；限定；限制 ‎(1)put/set a limit to ...　对……限制 within the limits of 在……的范围内 without limit 无限(制)地 ‎(2)be limited to sth. 受限制于……‎ limit sth.to sth. 把……限定在……的范围内 ‎(3)limited adj. 有限的；不多的 limitless adj. 无限制的；无界限的 ‎①Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.‎ 生命有限，知识无涯。‎ ‎②I've limited myself to 1,000 calories a day to lose weight.‎ 我为了减肥限定自己每天摄入1 000 卡的热量。‎ ‎③We must make good use of our limited (limit) time and money.‎ 我们必须充分利用我们有限的时间和金钱。‎ ‎[语境串记]　 A man's life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.‎ 一个人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。‎ benefit n．利益；好处vt.有利于；有益于；受益 ‎(1)for the benefit of ＝ for one's benefit ‎　　　　　　　　为了……的利益 be of benefit to 有益于；对……有好处 have the benefit of 得益于 ‎(2)benefit sb./sth. 使某人或某物受益 benefit from/by ... 从……中受益/获益 ‎(3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的 be beneficial to (＝ be of benefit to ...)‎ ‎ 对……有益；对……有利 ‎①As we know, books are the source of knowledge.I benefit a great deal from reading.‎ 我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从读书中获益匪浅。‎ ‎②Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.‎ 天天做运动对健康有好处。‎ ‎③The soldier lost his life for the benefit of his motherland.‎ 这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。‎ ‎④The doctor considered that the change would be beneficial (benefit) to her health.‎ 医生认为这个改变会对她的健康有益。‎ ‎[语境串记]　It is known to us all that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises.‎ 众所周知，做眼保健操对我们的眼睛有好处。也就是说，我们的眼睛会受益于做眼保健操。‎ ‎[名师点津]　benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。‎ ‎⑤Building the bridge has brought many benefits to our economy.‎ 修建这座桥为我们的经济带来很多好处。‎ ‎6．(教材P15)Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.‎ 也许我们应该把我们的想法结合起来，提供一份富含热量和纤维的均衡食谱。‎ combine v．(使)联合；(使)结合 ‎(1)combine ...with ...　　把……与……结合起来 ‎(2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)‎ a combination of ... 一种……的结合(物)‎ in combination with 与……联合起来 ‎①Efforts and confidence combine to make a full man.‎ 努力与信心结合造就完人。‎ ‎②We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice.‎ 我们认为理论联系实际是必要的。‎ ‎③The club is supported by a combination (combine) of people from all social classes.‎ 该俱乐部受到社会各阶层的民众团体的支持。‎ ‎7．(教材P15)In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.‎ 这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。‎ cut down 削减；删节；砍倒 cut off　　　　　　　　　剪除；割掉；切断 cut across 穿过；抄近路 cut up 切碎 cut out 删去 cut in 插话 ‎①You smoke too much — you should try to cut down.‎ 你抽烟太凶了，你应该尝试着少抽点。‎ ‎②You must cut up the vegetables before you eat it.‎ 吃之前，你必须把蔬菜切碎。‎ ‎③The water supply has been cut off because of the terrible earthquake.‎ 因为可怕的地震，水供应被切断了。‎ ‎④I wish Mary would stop cutting in on our conversation.‎ 我希望玛丽不要一直打断我们的谈话。‎ ‎8．(教材P15)Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.‎ 他们的均衡膳食非常有效，王鹏不久之后就瘦了，而雍慧也增加了些体重。‎ before long 不久以后 long before　　　　　　　　　　　 很久以前 It was/will be long before ... 过很久后才……‎ It was not/will not be long before ... 不久就……‎ ‎①I hope we'll meet again before long.‎ 我希望不久我们再见面。 ‎ ‎②The story had happened long_before.‎ 故事发生在很久以前。‎ ‎③It_won't_be_long_before we meet again.‎ 不久我们将会再次相见。‎ ‎[语境串记]　Before long he had to return to the village where he once lived long before.‎ 不久以后，他不得不回到他很久以前住过的那个村子。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.‎ 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你的菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆的食物的好处了。‎ ‎(1)本句中包含so ...that ...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”。该结构主要有以下几种用法：‎ so＋adj./adv.＋that从句so＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that从句so many/much/few/little (少)＋名词＋that从句 ‎①It is so heavy a box that I can't lift it.‎ 箱子如此重以至于我提不起来。‎ ‎②This teacher is so_kind_that we all respect him.‎ 这个老师非常和蔼，我们都尊敬他。‎ ‎③He has so_many_books_that I can't count them.‎ 他有很多书，我数也数不清。‎ ‎(2)such ...that ...的用法：‎ such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that从句 such＋adj.＋不可数名词 ＋that从句 such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that从句④He is such_a_little_boy_that he can't look after himself.‎ 他是这么小的一个男孩，还不能照顾自己。‎ ‎⑤It was such__cold__weather__that I had to stay at home.‎ 天气如此冷，以至于我不得不待在家里。‎ ‎⑥They are such_interesting_books_that I want to read them once again.‎ 这些书非常有趣，我想再读一遍。‎ ‎2．“According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，” explained Wang Peng.‎ 王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家的餐馆所提供的都不是均衡的膳食。”‎ ‎(1)句中neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”，连接的是句子的两个主语，句子的谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。这就是主谓一致中的“就近一致原则”。‎ ‎①Neither we nor she comes on time.‎ 她和我们都没有按时到。‎ ‎②Neither dad nor mum is (be) at home today.‎ 今天父母都不在家。‎ ‎(2)遵循“就近一致原则”的结构有：‎ there be ...　　　　　　 有……‎ either ...or ... 或者……或者……‎ not ...but ... 不是……而是……‎ whether ...or ... 无论……还是……‎ not only ...but also ... 不但……而且……‎ ‎③There are (be) some pencils and a book on the desk.‎ 桌上有一些铅笔和一本书。‎ ‎④Either I or they are (be) responsible for the result of the matter.‎ 或者我，或者他们要对那件事的结果负责。‎ ‎⑤Not only he but also all his family are (be) keen on concerts.‎ 不仅仅是他，而且他全家人都很热衷于音乐会。‎ ‎[名师点津]　neither或nor连接两个句子，且放在句子开头时，句子要用部分倒装。‎ ‎⑥He doesn't go to school by bike.Neither/Nor do I.‎ 他不是骑自行车上学，我也不是。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is said that Yoga is of great benefit to health.‎ ‎2．Learn to combine your knowledge with experience, and you are sure to succeed.‎ ‎3．People cut down too many trees and leave rubbish everywhere.‎ ‎4．In my opinion, we should limit our expense to what we can afford.‎ ‎5．He consulted a number of books about the subject in the library before he gave his speech.‎ ‎6．Why are you spying on me all the time? What do you want to spy out?‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．They asked so_many_questions_that I got confused.‎ 他们问了那么多问题，都把我弄糊涂了。‎ ‎2．Harry has been out of work for six months, so he has difficulty earning_his_living.‎ 哈里已经失业六个月了，因此他谋生有困难。‎ ‎3．Long_before he stayed in Russia for half a year and he will go there before_long again.‎ 很久以前，他在俄罗斯待了半年，并且他不久还会再次去那里。‎ ‎4．Neither his family nor he knows_anything_about it.‎ 他的家人和他都不知道那件事。‎ ‎5．She was_in_debt when she was poor, but she has_been_out_of_debt since she got rich.‎ 以前她穷的时候欠了债，可是自从富了以后她就不再负债了。‎ ‎ ‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 ‎ ‎[本课语言点针对练习]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．They didn't fight, but stood there glaring (怒视) at each other.‎ ‎2．In my opinion, keeping dogs should not be banned, but limited (限制) to certain areas.‎ ‎3．The new teaching method will benefit (有益于) a large number of students.‎ ‎4．He consulted (查阅) his notebook repeatedly during his speech.‎ ‎5．“I wish I didn't have so much work to do.” she sighed (叹息)．‎ ‎6．Have you digested (理解) everything that is important in the book?‎ ‎7．He spied (窥探) a man hiding in some bushes.‎ ‎8．They combined (联合) to form a new government.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎ ‎1．It is not polite to spy on what girls are wearing.‎ ‎2．He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him.‎ ‎3．Neither the father nor the son is (be) interested in the film.‎ ‎4．There is no doubt that the plants benefited from the rain.‎ ‎5．In order to save energy, they have decided to cut down the gas supplies to the city.‎ ‎6．As a writer, he combines wisdom with passion.‎ ‎7．David, I'm tired of watching television; let's go for a walk.‎ ‎8．The mother was trembling with anger.She glared at her son and said nothing.‎ ‎9．The speed of cars and trucks is limited to 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in ‎ China.‎ ‎10．The experts consulted with each other about how to reduce the loss caused by the earthquake.‎ ‎11．They didn't go to the park yesterday.Neither/Nor did we.‎ ‎12．Eating healthy will prevent you putting on weight.‎ Ⅲ.选词填空 glare at， spy on， earn one's living， in debt， put on weight， cut down， be of great benefit， before long ‎1.He earns_his_living by doing all kinds of things.‎ ‎2．The book is_of_great_benefit to you.‎ ‎3．Don't get him to lend you any money any more, because he himself is in_debt.‎ ‎4．Many big trees along the road have been cut_down for building houses.‎ ‎5．He has put_on_weight after recovery.‎ ‎6．The woman glared_at the young man coldly, which made him embarrassed.‎ ‎7．Before_long he began to realize how serious mistakes he had made.‎ ‎8．John admitted that he had followed Ms.Evans and spied_on her.‎ ‎[本单元语言点温故练习]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the village.‎ ‎2．You can't get away with lying every time! ‎ ‎3．I had my watch stolen (steal) last week.‎ ‎4．This is so expensive a camera that I can't afford it.‎ ‎5．He has cut down his expenses to pay for his schooling.‎ ‎6．I bought the coat at a discount of 60%.‎ ‎7．She asked the question out of curiosity (curious)．‎ ‎8．Don't always eat the same kind of food, because we should have a balanced (balance) diet.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．This article is too long, so you have to cut_it_down_to_1,000_words.‎ 这篇文章太长了，因此，你得把它压缩到一千字才行。‎ ‎2．I don't know where he has gone, nor do_I_care_about.‎ 我不知道他去哪里了，我也不关心。‎ ‎3．He worked in the factory.And before_long_he_got_married.‎ 他在这家工厂工作，不久以后就结婚了。‎ ‎4．She is such_a_good_teacher_that all of us love and respect her.‎ 她是一位如此好的老师，以至于我们都敬爱她。‎ ‎5．No other book has_had_a_greater_effect_on_my_life.‎ 再没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。‎ ‎6．Life is like riding a bicycle.To_keep_your_balance you must keep moving.‎ 人生就像骑自行车。为了保持平衡，你必须不断地向前进。‎ ‎7．I hold the belief that this voluntary work will be_of_great_benefit_to/beneficial_to_me.‎ 我坚信这项志愿者工作将对我大有裨益。‎ ‎8．He should_have_finished_his_homework in such a long time.‎ 在这么长的时间里他本应该完成他的作业。‎ ‎9．Don't believe her because she is_always_telling_lies.‎ 别信她，她总是说谎。‎ ‎10．Her sister wants to lose_weight,_so she goes_on_a_diet.‎ 她的妹妹想减肥，所以她在节食。‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Jackie Rodriguez put on a lot of weight after her first child was born.Then, when her daughter was two, she dropped all the weight with practically no effort.“I wasn't using any fat burners or shakes ...nothing，” she says.‎ The change had nothing to do with what Rodriguez ate.Rather, it began when she started a new job that shook up her daily routine (常规)．Working in the office of a DJ company near her apartment, she started her work at 5：30 p．m.Instead of sharing dinner with her husband at nine, she ate alone at five and went to work.‎ Night work often leads to weight gain, so Rodriguez's story might seem to be a quirk.But unlike many such workers Rodriguez clocked out by 11 p．m.and got a regular night's sleep.Perhaps even more important, she didn't eat at work or when she got home — just showered and went to bed.‎ Her main change was moving dinnertime almost four hours earlier.That single, simple change seems to have caused Rodriguez's weight loss — and scientific research may explain why.‎ In labs around the world, researchers are developing a completely new understanding of how our bodies work.It seems that our bodies process food fastest when it's eaten during daylight hours.“That latenight bowl of ice cream may all go toward your waist (腰)，” says UCLA neuroscientist Christopher Colwell.‎ Just look at Satchidananda Panda's mice.Panda, a biologist, is a leading expert on how the timing of food eating affects health.His team has found that mice that eat only during their active hours are healthier and thinner than mice that eat the same food over 24 hours.‎ Encouragingly, when unhealthy mice are allowed to eat only during their daytime, the condition of those having some diseases such as diabetes improves.“It's likely we can help treat some diseases just by changing when people eat，” Panda says.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。吃饭时间对健康和体重有很大影响。‎ ‎1．How did Jackie Rodriguez lose her weight?‎ A．By working late daily.‎ B．By changing her dinnertime.‎ C．By eating a certain kind of food.‎ D．By having dinner with her family.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段对Jackie Rodriguez工作和吃饭状况的描述和第四段中的“Her main change was moving dinnertime almost four hours earlier.”可知，她体重减轻是因为她改变了吃饭时间。‎ ‎2．The underlined word “quirk” in Paragraph 3 means something ________.‎ A．strange　　　　　　　 B．possible C．interesting D．necessary 解析：选A　词义猜测题。夜班工作往往造成体重增加，但是Jackie Rodriguez的体重却减轻了，说明她的事例是“奇怪的”。‎ ‎3．What does Christopher Colwell think of a latenight bowl of ice cream?‎ A．It can hardly affect our health.‎ B．It will cause us to put on weight.‎ C．It will affect how our bodies work.‎ D．It can be processed fast by our bodies.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“It seems that our bodies process food fastest when it's eaten during daylight hours.”和“That latenight bowl of ice cream may all go toward your waist (腰)”可知，Christopher Colwell认为半夜吃冰激凌会增加体重。‎ ‎4．What happens when some mice's daily routines are changed?‎ A．They eat less. B．They get a disease.‎ C．They are more active. D．They become healthier.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“the condition of those having some diseases such as diabetes improves”可知答案。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Eating at restaurants hasn't always been known as the best choice for people __1__ are trying to keep a healthy diet. It is __2__ (extreme) hard for people to avoid food that isn't so good for them when dining out. However, you don't have to give __3__ your love of restaurants. There are ways that you can eat healthier food when dining out while you can still enjoy the experience.‎ One method is to take time __4__ (read) the nutrition information. Some restaurants post it on their menus or their website. If you know you're going to visit __5__ certain restaurant, you should check the website first. If no nutrition information __6__ (list), you should check the menu at the restaurant before you order.‎ Another way is to think about not eating cream or butter sauces. Instead, consider __7__ (choose) a sauce that could add a rich flavour to your food without extra calories (卡路里)．‎ All restaurants have water available. Whether it is free __8__ you have to buy it, you should choose to drink water over other drinks like beer or soda, which contains a lot of calories.‎ Eating out doesn't have to be an unhealthy__9__ (decide) as long as you make wise choices. You could still enjoy all of the benefits of dining out and be __10__ (please) with your choices later on.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了在外面吃饭时如何健康地饮食。‎ ‎1．who/that　设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people 且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。‎ ‎2．extremely　设空处修饰形容词hard，故填副词extremely。‎ ‎3．up　give up 意为“放弃，停止”。‎ ‎4．to read　take time to do sth. 意为“花时间做某事”。‎ ‎5．a　restaurant 是可数名词且在此表泛指，故填a。‎ ‎6．is listed　information与list之间是被动关系，且此处表示一般情况，故填is listed。‎ ‎7．choosing　consider doing sth. 意为“考虑做某事”。‎ ‎8．or　whether ... or ... 意为“不管……还是……”。‎ ‎9．decision　由an unhealthy 可知，此处应填名词decision。‎ ‎10．pleased　be pleased with sth. 意为“对某事满意”。‎ Section_Ⅴ Writing—_英文广告 ‎ ‎ 本单元的写作任务是写一则英文广告。一则完整的广告通常包括标题、正文、广告语，有时还包括插图说明等。广告是商品销售的宣传方式，是使消费者对某种商品产生兴趣，从而促使他们购买的一种手段。为了达到目的，广告必须具有吸引力，特别是要引起广大消费者的兴趣。‎ 一、基本结构 ‎1．标题——语言要精练，在广告中要凸显出最主要的功能，它必须能引起读者的好奇心，吸引读者的注意力。‎ ‎2．正文——主要对商品的名称、性能、功效、价格等进行符合客观事实的描述，增加说服性。重点突出对产品特点和亮点的介绍。‎ ‎3．结尾——说明商品的销售地址和联系方式。‎ 二、增分句式 ‎1．...lies in/stands ...‎ ‎2．...many trees/green hills around ...‎ ‎3．...is close to/near ...‎ ‎4．...provide best service for ...‎ ‎5．...serve you 24 hours a day.‎ ‎6．...wanted.‎ ‎7．...for rent.‎ ‎8．...are clean and bright.‎ ‎9．Welcome to ...‎ ‎10．For further/more information, please call/telephone ... to contact×××.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[题目要求]‎ 假设你叫李华，现在为新开业的健康餐馆写一则英文广告，要点如下：‎ ‎1．健康餐馆提供健康平衡饮食，有利于减肥瘦身。‎ ‎2．餐馆提供既含能量又含纤维的饭菜。‎ ‎3．有快餐和特别的蔬菜。‎ ‎4．有各式的中国传统面食(wheaten foods)。‎ ‎5．在这里就餐是一种乐趣，中午顾客多，气氛(atmosphere)活跃。‎ ‎6．保证提供最好的服务。‎ ‎7．餐馆位于湖边，风景优美。‎ ‎8．联系电话：533599。‎ 要求：题目为Once Tasted, Never Forgotten 注意：词数100左右。‎ 第一步：审题构思很关键 一、审题 ‎1．确定体裁：本文为广告，属于说明文；‎ ‎2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二人称；‎ ‎3．确定时态：本文的主要时态应用一般现在时。‎ 二、构思 第一部分，开头：交代写广告的目的。‎ 第二部分，主体：具体介绍广告的内容。‎ 第三部分，结尾：说明具体联系方式并表示对顾客的欢迎。‎ 第二步：核心词汇想周全 ‎1．lose_weight　　　　　　　减肥 ‎2．slim 苗条 ‎3．balanced 平衡的 ‎4．a_variety_of/varieties_of 各种各样的 ‎5．diet 日常饮食 ‎6．customer 顾客 ‎7．lie_by 在……旁边 ‎8．the_best_service 最好的服务 第三步：由词扩句雏形现 ‎1．如果你想瘦身、减肥和吃得健康，就快来健康餐馆吧！‎ If you want to become_slim and lose_weight and eat_healthy,_come to the Health Restaurant now!‎ ‎2．健康餐馆提供平衡饮食，利于减肥瘦身。‎ Health Restaurant serves_balanced_foods.These foods benefit your slimming.‎ ‎3．我们餐馆提供既富含能量又富含纤维的饭菜。‎ Our restaurant serves both energyfoods and enough foods rich_in_fibre.‎ ‎4．我们提供快餐和特别的蔬菜。‎ We provide_fast_food_and_special_dishes from vegetables.‎ ‎5．我们也供应各式的中国传统面食。‎ We also offer varieties_of_Chinese_traditional wheaten foods.‎ ‎6．在这里就餐是一种乐趣，中午顾客多，你可以享受这里活跃的气氛。‎ It's fun to eat here.At lunchtime, there are many customers.You will enjoy_the_exciting_atmosphere.‎ ‎7．我们餐馆位于湖边，风景优美。‎ Our restaurant lies_by_the_lake with wonderful views.‎ ‎8．我们的联系电话是533599。欢迎光临！‎ Our telephone number: 533599.You_are_welcome!‎ 第四步：句式升级造亮点 ‎1．用排比否定疑问句改写句1‎ Don't_you_want_to_become_slim?_Don't_you_want_to_lose_weight?_Don't_you_want_to_eat_healthy?_Come_to_the_Health_Restaurant_now!‎ ‎2．把句2改写成简单句 Health_Restaurant_serves_balanced_foods_benefiting_your_slimming.‎ ‎3．用as well as连接句3‎ Our_restaurant_serves_energyfoods_as_well_as_enough_foods_rich_in_fibre.‎ 第五步：过渡衔接联成篇 Once Tasted, Never Forgotten Don't_you_want_to_become_slim?_‎ Don't_you_want_to_lose_weight?_Don't_you_want_to_eat_healthy?_Come_to_the_Health_Restaurant_now!‎ Health_Restaurant_serves_balanced_foods_benefiting_your_slimming_and_energyfoods_as_well_as_enough_foods_rich_in_fibre.We_provide__fast_food_and_special_dishes_from_vegetables.We_also_offer_varieties_of__Chinese_traditional_wheaten_foods.It's_fun_to_eat_here.At_lunchtime，there_are_many_customers.You_will_enjoy_the_exciting_atmosphere.Promise_you_the_best_service.Our_restaurant_lies_by_the_lake_with_wonderful_views.‎ Why_not_pay_us_a_visit?__Our_telephone_number:_533599.You_are_welcome!‎ Balanced Diet Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant, which served delicious bacon, fried chicken breast and mutton roasted with pepper and garlic. But his food and discount attracted fewer and fewer customers. Finally, he was in debt.Yong Hui's slimming restaurant served fresh peas, carrots, eggplants, and raw cucumbers with vinegar. As the hostess, she said fibres benefited customers' digestion the most.In order not to let Yong Hui get away with telling lies, Wang Peng spied on Yong Hui despite her glare.But he was surprised that she was losing her customers, too.‎ Curiosity drove Wang Peng to consult an expert.The expert sighed and said, “Both of your menus have evident weakness and limited strength. Your customers put on weight too easily, while Yong Hui's lose weight too quickly.So, Wang Peng, cut down the fat of your food and increase vegetables and fruits, like nuts, beans, mushrooms, peaches and lemons.You ought to combine the two menus and provide a balanced diet.”Before long, Wang Peng won his customers back.　‎ ‎　平衡膳食 王鹏经营一家烧烤餐厅来谋生，他的餐厅供应美味的腊肉、油炸的鸡胸，还有用辣椒和大蒜一起烤制的羊肉。但是，他的食物和折扣吸引的顾客越来越少，最后他欠债了。雍慧的减肥餐厅供应的是新鲜的豌豆、胡萝卜、茄子和醋腌的生黄瓜。作为老板娘(女主人)，她总是说食物纤维才最有利于顾客的消化。为了不让雍慧说了谎而不受惩罚，王鹏不顾她的怒视，前去探查个究竟。但是让他惊奇的是，雍慧的顾客也在严重地流失。‎ 好奇心驱使王鹏去咨询专家。那位专家叹息着说：“你们俩的菜单都缺点明显、优点有限。你的顾客很容易就发胖，而雍慧的顾客体重却减轻得太快。所以嘛，王鹏，你要减少你的食物中的脂肪含量，增加蔬菜和水果，例如坚果、豆类、蘑菇、桃子和柠檬之类。你应该把两份菜单结合起来，给顾客提供一个平衡的膳食。”不久，王鹏就赢回了他的顾客。‎ ‎ ‎ 加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练 Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎“Did you see that？” Joe said to his friend Bill.“You're a __1__ shooter！”‎ Bill caught the basketball and bounced (拍) it before __2__ it again.The ball flew into the net.‎ ‎“Bill, you never __3__！” Joe said admiringly.‎ ‎“__4__ I'm in a real game，” Bill said __5__.“Then I miss all the time.”‎ Joe knew that Bill was __6__.Bill performed much better when he was having fun with Joe than he did when he was __7__ for the school team in front of a large crowd.‎ ‎“Maybe you just need a little more __8__，” Joe suggested.‎ ‎“But I practice all the time with you！” Bill __9__.He shook his head.“I just can't play well when people are __10__ me.”‎ ‎“You play well when I'm watching，” Joe said.‎ ‎“That's because I've __11__ you since we were five years old，” Bill said.“I'm just not comfortable playing when other people are around.”‎ Joe nodded and understood, but he also had a(n) __12__.‎ The next day Joe and Bill met in the school yard again to practice.After a few minutes, Joe __13__ himself.‎ ‎“Practice without me，” Joe said.“I'll be back soon.”‎ Joe hurried through the school building, gathering together whomever he could __14__ — five students and a math teacher.‎ When Joe explained why he needed them, everyone was happy to __15__.‎ Joe reminded the group to stay __16__ as they all went toward the basketball court (球场)．Bill made five baskets in a row without __17__ the silent people standing behind him.‎ ‎“Hey, Bill！” Joe called out __18__.‎ Bill turned.A look of __19__ came over his face.‎ ‎“I just wanted to __20__ you that you could play well with people watching you，” Joe said.“Now you'll have nothing to worry about for the next game！”‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Bill在平时篮球训练时投篮很准，但一遇到打比赛就发挥失常，他的好友Joe想出一个主意帮助Bill克服恐惧，让他能在众人面前发挥出自己的出色水平。‎ ‎1．A.brave　　　　　　　　 B．great C．confident D．proud 解析：选B　根据下文中的“The ball flew into the net.”及“Bill made five baskets in a row”可知，Bill是个“出色的(great)”投手。‎ ‎2．A.returning B．touching C．catching D．throwing 解析：选D　根据下文中的“The ball flew into the net.”可知，在把球“扔(throwing)”出去之前，Bill又拍了下球。‎ ‎3．A.win B．fight ‎ C．miss D．cry 解析：选C　根据上文中的“The ball flew into the net.”及下文中的“Joe said admiringly”可知，Bill百投百中，从来不会“失手(miss)”。‎ ‎4．A.Because B．Unless ‎ C．So D．Or 解析：选B　根据语境及文中的“I'm in a real game”及“Then I miss all the time.”可知，Bill“失望地(disappointedly)”说：“‘除了(Unless)’在比赛中，我都能把球投中。”‎ ‎5．A.disappointedly B．nervously C．hopefully D．excitedly 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A.careless B．right C．competitive D．poor 解析：选B　根据文中的“Bill performed much better ...for the school team in front of a large crowd.”可知，Bill说的“对(right)”，他平时与Joe打篮球要比在校队“打(playing)”得好。‎ ‎7．A.playing B．speaking C．acting D．singing 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎8．A.power B．time C．luck D．practice 解析：选D　根据下文中的“But I practice all the time with you！”可知，Joe认为Bill应该加强“练习(practice)”。‎ ‎9．A.suggested B．smiled C．objected D．guessed 解析：选C　根据语境及下文中的“He shook his head.”可知，Bill“反对(objected)”Joe的观点。‎ ‎10．A.encouraging B．calling C．watching D．doubting 解析：选C　根据下文中的“You play well when I'm watching”可知，Bill觉得有别人“看(watching)”他打球，他就打不好了。‎ ‎11．A.known B．supported C．lost D．forgotten 解析：选A　根据下文中的“since we were five years old ...other people are around”可知，Bill和Joe从五岁就“认识(known)”了。‎ ‎12．A.chance B．idea ‎ C．dream D．try 解析：选B　根据下文Joe的做法可知，他有一个“主意(idea)”。‎ ‎13．A.enjoyed B．taught C．started D．excused 解析：选D　根据下文中的“Practice without me”及“I'll be back soon”可知，Joe“借口离开(excused)”。excused himself意为“请求准予离开”。‎ ‎14．A.find B．accept C．like D．protect 解析：选A　根据语境及下文中的“five students and a math teacher”可知，Joe“找到(find)”了他能找到的所有人。‎ ‎15．A.change B．help C．leave D．wait 解析：选B　根据下文中的“Joe reminded the group to ...basketball court (球场)．”可知，Joe向同学们和老师说明原因后，他们都很乐意提供“帮助(help)”。‎ ‎16．A.serious B．patient C．quiet D．polite 解析：选C　下文中的“silent people”是提示。Joe提醒大家要保持“安静(quiet)”。‎ ‎17．A.greeting B．reporting C．answering D．noticing 解析：选D　根据语境及空处所在句可知，Bill并没有“注意到(noticing)”站在他身后的安静的人们。‎ ‎18．A.angrily B．finally C．shyly D．secretly 解析：选B　根据文中的“‘Hey, Bill！’ Joe called out”及“Bill turned.A look of ...came over his face.”可知，“最后(finally)” Joe叫住了Bill，Bill之前并没有注意到身后有那么多人，所以他很“惊讶(surprise)”。‎ ‎19．A.fear B．worry C．happiness D．surprise 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.show B．promise C．warn D．thank 解析：选A　根据下文中的“you could play well with people watching you”可知，Joe所做的一切就是为了向Bill“证明(show)”他可以在众人的注视下打好篮球。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 Some people love eating food right after it is cooked.I prefer food just taken out from the freezer.Fruit, candies, nuts, chocolate, cake with buttercream frosting (糖霜), even peas, all of them taste delicious when frozen.In fact, I often eat them that way.‎ I was a kid when I picked up the habit.In my family, lots of things were thrown into the freezer — finally, two freezers — to prevent them from going bad.Among them were some of the candies my sisters and I had collected on Halloween.‎ If we eat when they are still warm, we'll find ourselves taking the cookies more than we should.It's better if we can put them into the freezer and wait.That way we'll eat less and enjoy them more because they are hard and chewing becomes a slower, more patient effort.That's the point about frozen buttercream frosting.Put it in your mouth at room temperature, and it's gone very quickly.But when it's frozen, you can enjoy the taste much longer as it melts (融化) in your mouth.‎ The freezer treats a lot of fruit kindly.Take frozen grapes for example.I keep a bowl of grapes in my freezer.They become a little icy, and somehow their sweetness is improved.They are perfect and healthy dessert (点心). This is the same with oranges, apples, bananas ...You might think bananas would get superhard when frozen.Wrong! They become cool, creamy and sweet.If you have wisely covered some or all of the bananas with melted chocolate before putting them into the freezer, they will have a double taste.‎ As long as you aren't eating anything that truly has to be hot go ahead and experiment.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与别人截然不同的爱好——喜欢吃冰箱里冷冻过的东西，并分析了自己喜欢这种吃法的原因。最后，作者建议大家也都来试一下。‎ ‎1.What is the passage intended to tell us?‎ A．Fruit should be frozen before one eats it.‎ B．Frozen food is better than hot food.‎ C．The author prefers frozen food.‎ D．Hot food is not healthy.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。由文章第一段中的“I prefer food just taken out from the freezer ...often eat them that way.”可推知作者喜欢吃冷冻食品。下文都是围绕作者喜欢这样做的原因而展开的。‎ ‎2．The author began to enjoy frozen food when he ________.‎ A．was young　　　　　　　 B．learned cooking C．got married D．got a fever 解析：选A　细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“I was a kid when I picked up the habit.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎3．Why does the author NOT advise us to take hot cookies?‎ A．Because they need more time to prepare.‎ B．Because the taste is not good when they are hot.‎ C．Because they are too delicious to avoid our overeating.‎ D．Because we may eat them quickly and enjoy them less.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由文章第三段可推知我们吃冷冻的曲奇饼时可以慢慢地享受，反之，吃热的曲奇饼时我们会吃得快而不能好好地享受它们的美味。故选D项。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?‎ A．The taste.‎ B．Buttercream.‎ C．The cookie.‎ D．Frozen buttercream frosting.‎ 解析：选D　代词指代题。由前文信息“That's the point about frozen buttercream frosting ...when it's frozen ...”可知，画线单词it指代frozen buttercream frosting，故D项正确。‎ 加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练 Ⅰ.语法填空 A few years ago, I had to stay at the hospital for three days for a medical test.I __1__ (ask) to stay awake for more than 30 hours because of the test.It could be __2__ (extreme) difficult for anyone.And I didn't believe I could make it.My mother said she would accompany me.But I knew even __3__ my mother accompanying me, it wouldn't be easy.‎ To my surprise, that afternoon __4__ my mom came to my room, she had my friend Susan with her.That afternoon Susan called my mother.As soon as she __5__ (hear) I needed to stay awake for so long, she decided to help me.So she offered __6__ (come) to the hospital to stay with me and help keep me awake.Things became much __7__ (easy) than I had imagined with Susan's help.She told me stories and jokes, and time passed very quickly.‎ Without Susan's help, __8__ whole stay in the hospital would have been much more difficult.And our __9__ (friend) became deeper from then on.I think nothing can keep us apart.I'm so __10__ (thank) that I have such a friend.‎ 答案：1.was asked　2.extremely　3.with　4.when ‎5．heard　6.to come　7.easier　8.the　9.friendship　10.thankful Ⅱ.短文改错 When I was a teenager, I dreamed of becoming a writer.However, after I told my friend about my dream, most of them laughed at me, tell me it was out of my reach.I was really upsetting after I heard those words.But I choose to believe in myself.I didn't give up and kept writing.I knew it was difficult on a way to success, but we never gave up.I'm a bestselling writer now.I want to suggest those which have dreams to believe in themselves.As long you don't give up, your dreams will come truly one day.‎ 答案：第二句：friend→friends; tell→telling 第三句：upsetting→upset 第四句：choose→chose 第六句：a→the; we→I 第八句：which→who; 去掉第二个to 第九句：long后加as; truly→true Ⅲ.书面表达 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Lily在她的微博中写到她为了减肥吃减肥药，而且经常不吃饭，导致身体变得很虚弱，状态很不佳。请你在她的微博上用英文给她留言，内容包括：‎ ‎1．对她的现状表示担忧；‎ ‎2．指出吃减肥药以及经常不吃饭的坏处；‎ ‎3．提出一些健康的减肥方法，如慢跑、定期到健身房健身等。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：减肥药weightloss pill　慢跑jogging 健身房gym I'm sorry to learn that you are upset about being overweight recently.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ I'm sorry to learn that you are upset about being overweight recently.I think you should stop taking weightloss pills in no time because they are harmful to your health.Besides, you need to eat a healthy diet to recover your strength.There are many other ways to lose weight.For example, jogging is quite a popular form of exercise.You may do it in the morning or after supper.Another way is that you can go to the gym regularly, which is also an effective way of losing weight and keeping healthy.In a word, if you insist on exercising, you are sure to have an attractive figure and stay slim and healthy.‎ ‎ ‎ 第一部分　听力　(满分30分，限时20分钟)‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1．What's the original price of the jacket?‎ A．$120.　　　 B．$170.　　　　C．$240.‎ ‎2．Where does this conversation take place?‎ A．At a restaurant.‎ B．At an airport.‎ C．At a theater.‎ ‎3．What do they need to buy?‎ A．Beef and tomatoes.‎ B．Onions and potatoes.‎ C．Onions and beef.‎ ‎4．What does the girl suggest the boy do?‎ A．Buy a guitar.‎ B．Find a parttime job.‎ C．Pay more attention to study.‎ ‎5．What will the man do on Saturday evening?‎ A．Go to the cinema.‎ B．Have music lessons.‎ C．Stay at home.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6．Who is the man most probably?‎ A．A hotel receptionist.‎ B．A taxi driver.‎ C．A tour guide.‎ ‎7．How much tip did the man get?‎ A．3.50 dollars.‎ B．2.50 dollars.‎ C．1.50 dollars.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8．Why does the girl want to join the club?‎ A．To learn dancing.‎ B．To learn singing.‎ C．To learn acting.‎ ‎9．How often does the club meet?‎ A．Once a week.‎ B．Twice a week.‎ C．Every other day.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10．What was the first photo in the world about?‎ A．A house.‎ B．A window.‎ C．A garden.‎ ‎11．When was the first clear photo made public?‎ A．In 1837. B．In 1839. C．In 1841.‎ ‎12．Where did the woman learn about photography?‎ A．From the history class.‎ B．From an artist.‎ C．From a book.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13．Where does the man want to build his dream house?‎ A．Near a beach.‎ B．Near a park.‎ C．Near a mountain.‎ ‎14．Which floor does the man want the main bedroom on?‎ A．The first floor.‎ B．The second floor.‎ C．The third floor.‎ ‎15．How many bathrooms does the man want?‎ A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.‎ ‎16．Where does the man want to put the TV?‎ A．In the living room.‎ B．In the main bedroom.‎ C．In the kitchen.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17．Who came up with the idea of pie first?‎ A．The Greeks.‎ B．The Egyptians.‎ C．The Romans.‎ ‎18．What kind of pie did Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ receive?‎ A．A strawberry pie.‎ B．A cherry pie.‎ C．A meat pie.‎ ‎19．What kind of pie is the second most popular in America?‎ A．Pumpkin pie.‎ B．Apple pie.‎ C．Sweet potato pie.‎ ‎20．What do we know about the habit of eating pies in America?‎ A．Few people like plain pies.‎ B．A lot of people prefer to buy pies.‎ C．Most people prefer homemade pies.‎ 答案：1～5　CBBCA　6～10　BBCBC ‎11～15　BCBAB　16～20　CABCC 听力材料：‎ ‎(Text 1)‎ W：You look great in this black jacket.What's the price?‎ M：It was on sale, 50% off.I paid 120 dollars for it.‎ W：What a bargain!‎ ‎(Text 2)‎ W：Good evening, sir.Can I have your passport, please?‎ M：Here you are.A ticket to Paris.‎ W：OK.Do you want a window seat or ...?‎ M：I prefer a middle one.‎ ‎(Text 3)‎ W：How about making beef soup tonight? What do we need?‎ M：Just a moment.We have enough beef and tomatoes.There are no onions and potatoes at home.‎ ‎(Text 4)‎ M：My parents told me to quit my parttime job.‎ W：Why? Because of your grades?‎ M：Yeah, but I really need money to buy a guitar.What should I do?‎ W：You'll just have to study harder.‎ ‎(Text 5)‎ W：Will you go to the cinema this Saturday?‎ M：I'm afraid I can't.I will have my music lessons then.‎ W：I didn't mean in the morning or afternoon.I mean in the evening.‎ M：Oh, that's quite a different thing.‎ ‎(Text 6)‎ W：The Central Hotel, please.I have to be there by 6：00.‎ M：We shouldn't have any trouble if the traffic isn't too heavy.Is this your first trip here?‎ W：Yes.I'm here on business.‎ M：You haven't seen the sights yet, have you?‎ W：No, I'm open to suggestions.‎ M：Why don't you visit the Center Park first?‎ W：That's a good idea.‎ M：Here we are.That will be seven dollars and fifty cents.‎ W：Thanks a lot.Here's ten dollars.Keep the change.‎ ‎(Text 7)‎ M：Welcome to the Drama Club.What can I do for you?‎ W：I once learned dancing.And I've always been looking forward to learning acting.May I join you?‎ M：Of course you can.We're looking for more students to join us.But you must ask your head teacher for permission, and then you can come and fill in a form.‎ W：OK.What will we learn there?‎ M：We'll gain some basic knowledge of acting for the first two weeks and then we'll ‎ practice a play.‎ W：Who will teach us?‎ M：Mrs.Johnson.We'll meet on the afternoons of Thursday and Friday every week.‎ W：I see.Thank you.Bye.‎ ‎(Text 8)‎ W：Mike, do you know anything about the history of photography?‎ M：No, I don't.Do you?‎ W：Well, the first camera in the world was invented by a Frenchman named Joseph Niepce.‎ M：When was it?‎ W：In the year 1826.He needed some pictures for his business.But he was poor, so he just invented a very simple camera to take pictures by himself.He put it in a window of his house and took a photo of his garden.‎ ‎ M：Was the photo clear?‎ W：No.The first clear photo was taken by another Frenchman called Daguerre.After years of experiments, he finally succeeded in taking a clear photo in 1837.But it wasn't made public until two years later.As time went by, photography became a kind of art.Photos were not just copies of the real world.They showed people's ideas and feelings.‎ M：How did you get to know so much about photography?‎ W：Oh, I've just read a book on it.‎ ‎(Text 9)‎ M：I've always wanted to build my dream home myself.‎ W：Really? What would it be like?‎ M：Well, it will be very big and located next to a park, because a nice view is important to me.‎ W：How many rooms would it have?‎ M：I'd want to have three bedrooms on the second floor, with balconies and one main bedroom on the first floor.The kitchen and the living room will be on the first floor.I'd want a large living room, so there would be one large open space for people to spend time with each other.‎ W：How many bathrooms would your dream home have?‎ M：I'd have one guest bathroom next to the living room, one attached to the main bedroom and one upstairs.‎ W：How would you decorate your house?‎ M：I would have a few vases and some pictures of family on the walls.‎ W：How many TVs would your dream room have?‎ M：I think TV is a waste of time, so I would only have one small TV in the kitchen to watch the news in the morning.‎ ‎(Text 10)‎ ‎(W) Fruit pies have been enjoyed as a breakfast food for a long time.They were made with berries, apples and other fruits.The history of pie can be traced right back to ancient Egyptian times.The early Greeks are believed to have given the idea to the early Romans.‎ Early pies were meat pies and these were being made and served in England as far back as the 1100s.The first fruit pie recipes date back to the 1500s.And the first cherry pie was given as a gift to Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.‎ The first English immigrants brought pie to the United States.The early settlers cooked their pies in narrow pans.Pie today is one of the most traditional American dessert recipes.‎ There are all kinds of pie recipes.But a survey discovered that two thirds of Americans like apple pies better than any other kinds, followed by sweet potato, pumpkin, lemon and cherry.‎ Three out of four Americans prefer homemade pies.And only one in a hundred Americans buys pies from a diner.Two in three Americans prefer their pies plain, instead of served with cream or ice cream.‎ 第二部分　阅读理解　(满分40分，限时35分钟)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Read the following advertisements and answer the questions.‎ Japanese Restaurant ‎(free parking)‎ Open time Lunch 12：00－2：00 p．m.‎ Dinner 6：00－10：00 p．m.‎ Monday to Saturday a beautiful gift for the ‎ first comer ‎ ‎ Let's go！ Special Place ‎$5 for each person ‎ ‎ Tuesday－Friday　7 nights ‎12：00－2：00 p．m.5：30－11：30 p．m.‎ McDonald's ‎ ‎ ‎$6‎ Monday to Sunday ‎10：00 a．m.－9：30 p．m.‎ ‎70% off for students NO.18 Centre Street London SEA FAST FOOD CLUB Breakfast by the sea Saturday & Sunday ‎6：00－9：00 a．m.‎ ‎•Milk　•Egg　•Bread ‎ ‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则广告，主要介绍了四家餐饮店提供饮食的时间、种类、价格等。‎ ‎21.According to the four advertisements, you can go to ________ for breakfast on Saturday.‎ A．Japanese Restaurant B．Special Place C．McDonald's D．SEA FAST FOOD CLUB 解析：选D　细节理解题。周六只有SEA FAST FOOD CLUB提供早饭。‎ ‎22．Students can pay ________ for a hamburger at McDonald's.‎ A．$4.2　　　　　　　　　　 B．$6 ‎ C．$3.6 D．$1.8‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据McDonald's的广告可知，每个汉堡包6美元，学生减价70%(“70% off for students”)，所以D项正确。‎ ‎23．If you want to eat at 10：00 at night on Sunday, where can you go?‎ A．Japanese Restaurant. B．Special Place.‎ C．SEA FAST FOOD CLUB. D．McDonald's.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据四则广告可知在周日晚上10点，只有Special Place提供晚餐。‎ B Some years ago, a 28yearold Californian wife and mother of three children died from drinking too much water.Her body was found in her home shortly after she took part in a waterdrinking contest that was held by a local radio show.Called “Hold Your Wee For A Wii”， the contest organizers promised a free Wii video game machine to those who drank the most water without going to the bathroom.The woman who died drank about 2 gallons of water during the contest.When she and other participants complained of discomfort and showed signs of pains, they were laughed at by the organizers.‎ This tragic news story shows the importance of understanding why drinking too much water can be dangerous to your health.‎ Consuming more water than you need can increase your total blood volume (容量)．And since your blood volume exists within a closed system, increasing your blood volume puts unnecessary stress on your heart and blood vessels (血管)．Your kidneys (肾) must work overtime to get rid of extra water out of your system.Your kidneys are not a pair of pipes.Flushing more water through your kidneys doesn't necessarily help it become cleaner.Rather, your kidneys can get damaged by unnecessary wear and tear over time.And drowning your system with large amounts of water is one of many potential causes of kidney damage.‎ Putting unnecessary stress on your system and your kidneys by consuming unnecessary water is an unnoticeable process.For the average person, it is usually impossible to know that this stress exists, as there are usually no obvious symptoms on a momenttomoment basis.But make no mistake about it: this stress is real and ‎ can hurt your health over the long term.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。过量饮水对我们的健康危害很大，我们应该避免过量饮水。‎ ‎24．Why is the Californian woman mentioned?‎ A．To lead to the topic of the text.‎ B．To tell us a tragic news story about a mother.‎ C．To tell us it can be dangerous to take part in contests.‎ D．To tell us how much water we can drink at most one time.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。本文主要是讲过量饮水对身体有害，而提到那个加州女人的故事是为了引出这个话题。‎ ‎25．When the participants showed signs of pains, the organizers ________.‎ A．became very concerned B．were laughed at by others C．tried to reduce their pains D．didn't pay much attention to them 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第一段“When she and other participants complained of ...laughed at by the organizers.”可知，那些组织者并没怎么在意他们。‎ ‎26．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A．How water is consumed in our body.‎ B．The importance of water to our health.‎ C．Why drinking too much water is dangerous.‎ D．The function of kidneys in consuming water.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。本段主要讲过量饮水为什么对身体有害。‎ ‎27．The stress caused by consuming unnecessary water ________.‎ A．isn't that dangerous B．can never be found out C．is really harmful in the long run D．leads to some obvious symptoms 解析：选C　细节理解题。由最后一段“But make no ... your health over the long term.”可知，过量饮水从长远来看对健康非常有害。‎ C Three years ago I worked for a few weeks as a doctor in a new dental clinic (牙科诊所) at Victor Harbor, to the south of Adelaide and an hour further away than my usual workplace.My first day there was a rush — driving to a new clinic and getting used to the clinical environment.‎ As it was all new to me, I took off my rings: my wedding ring, and one that was an anniversary (周年纪念日) gift from my husband.I put them in a tissue (纸巾) and placed them beside my computer.During my lunch break, I noticed the tissue and thought that it did not look very clean and threw it into the rubbish bin.I went about my work and my day went well; I met new patients and felt that I had been productive.‎ Driving home at the end of the day, just moments before I reached my house, I noticed that my rings were missing.I felt the heat in my body rise, my cheeks (脸颊) burning red.I felt sick to my stomach.‎ I spent an hour or so making calls, trying to find my rings.The first people I called were my manager and clinical leader and they gave me a few phone numbers for cleaners.I got in touch with a lady who managed the cleaning services for the clinic, and she told me that the bins had already been collected.‎ I knew nothing could be done now.I had lost my rings.But after two or so hours, I received the most amazing phone call.The cleaner had gone through the bins and found my rings! I was so thankful to her, someone who had taken the trouble to go through the bins — which is not a pleasant task — to find my priceless rings.‎ I worked at that clinic the following day, so I bought chocolates to thank this wonderful person.Unfortunately I did not get to meet her as she was not at work that day.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者在工作时不慎将自己的戒指连同纸巾一起扔进了垃圾筒，当她发现的时候垃圾已经被收走了。最后，一位好心的清洁工从垃圾堆里将她的戒指找了回来。‎ ‎28．What can we say about the author's first day at the clinic?‎ A．Disorganized but special.‎ B．Relaxing and good.‎ C．Tiring and boring.‎ D．Busy but fruitful.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My first day there was a rush — driving to a new clinic and getting used to the clinical environment.”及第二段中的“I met new patients and felt that I had been productive”可知，作者来到这个新诊所感觉忙碌但充实。‎ ‎29．What happened to the author?‎ A．She threw her rings away carelessly.‎ B．She received a gift from her husband.‎ C．She failed to finish her work in time.‎ D．She made mistakes during work.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I put them in a tissue (纸巾)”及“I noticed the tissue and thought that it did not look very clean and threw it into the rubbish bin.”可知，作者把包着戒指的纸巾扔进了垃圾筒。‎ ‎30．How did the author feel after calling the lady?‎ A．Thankful. B．Surprised.‎ C．Frightened. D．Heartbroken.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“she told me that the bins had already been collected”及第五段中的“I knew nothing could be done now.I had lost my rings.”可知，作者打电话后发现垃圾已经被收走，认为自己的戒指肯定是丢了，所以应该会感到很伤心。‎ ‎31．What can we learn from the author's experience?‎ A．Smiles brighten people up.‎ B．Strangers are usually of little help.‎ C．An act of kindness can mean a lot.‎ D．Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I was so thankful ...to find my ‎ priceless rings.”可知，作者很感谢那个把她戒指找回来的清洁工，她的这个善举对作者来说意义非凡。‎ D Do you love holidays but hate the increase in weight that follows? You are not alone.‎ Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods.Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.‎ With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.The following suggestions may be of some help to you.‎ Don't miss meals.Before you leave home for a feast (宴会), have a small, lowfat snack.This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods.‎ Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables.‎ A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full.‎ Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.‎ Better not have highfat foods.Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.‎ Choose lean meat.Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.‎ If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruit.They don't have fat content as cream and chocolate.‎ Don't let exercise take a break during the holidays.A 20minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories (多余的热量)．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何在假期里保持体重给出了饮食方面的建议。‎ ‎32.Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ________.‎ A．bring weight problems B．bring you much trouble in your life C．make you worried about your foods D．make you hate delicious foods 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，假日是充满乐趣、品尝美食的快乐的日子，但是很多人担忧随之而来的体重问题，显然A项正确。‎ ‎33．In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you'd better ________.‎ A．drink much water and have vegetables only ‎ B．not eat too much food in high fat C．not accept invitations to feasts D．turn away from delicious foods 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much.”以及倒数第四段中的“Better not have highfat foods.”可以看出，要想在假日快乐又不增加体重，最好别吃富含过多脂肪的食物。‎ ‎34．According to the passage, ________ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight.‎ A．vegetables　　　　　　　 B．water C．calories of energy D．physical exercise 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据常识可知蔬菜、水和热量不能阻止增加体重；结合最后一段“Don't let exercise ...can help burn off excess calories (多余的热量)．”‎ 可知D项正确。‎ ‎35．Many people can't help putting on weight after the holidays because they ________.‎ A．can't control themselves B．go to too many feasts C．enjoy delicious foods D．can't help turning away from the foods 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据作者所提建议推理可知，许多人因为不能自我控制，假期过后增加了体重。所以选择A项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Birth order plays a vital role in deciding the characteristics of a child.And when it comes to the middle child, it certainly plays a huge role.The middle children go through some things only they can understand.__36__‎ Mostly, middle children have to share a room.__37__ They need to share a room with an elder one because they're too young to sleep alone.And just when they think they'll finally have a room of their own, a voice is heard saying, “Dear, please share the room with your younger one, as he's too small to sleep alone.”‎ Middle children tend to share clothes with their siblings (兄弟姐妹)．Their cupboard is full of handmedowns from their older sibling, and they need to wear his clothes.__38__ They can always show off their elder sibling's clothes and things at school.Also, they get to pass their own clothes to their younger sibling.‎ ‎__39__ They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.On one hand they can recall how much fun it was watching Garfield and Friends, and on the other hand they can talk about the latest video game released in the market.‎ Siblings' talking is one interesting thing about a middle child.They are not as boring as they appear.___40__ Also, thanks to the divided attention at home, middle children are independent and need not rely on anyone.‎ A．Instead, they are very artistic and creative.‎ B．But this comes with its own advantage too.‎ C．Here are some things a middle child can relate to.‎ D．They rarely enjoy the experience of having their own room.‎ E．And the dream of having their own room is completely destroyed.‎ F．They're the problem solvers between their older and younger siblings.‎ G．As a middle kid, they are the bridge between their younger and older siblings.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。本文介绍了出生在中间的孩子在生活中不同于别的孩子的一些特点。‎ ‎36.选C　本空承上启下，下文即是只有中间的孩子才能体会到的事。‎ ‎37．选D　本空是对上句“have to share a room”的进一步说明。‎ ‎38．选B　下文即是穿哥哥姐姐的衣服的优势。‎ ‎39．选G　本空为本段的主旨。由下句“They're liked by both, because they can relate well to both generations.”可知，中间的孩子是兄弟姐妹之间的桥梁。‎ ‎40．选A　A项的“artistic and creative”与本空前的“not as boring as they appear”‎ 呼应。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用　(满分45分，限时30分钟)‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ My three children and I were on our way to get their hair cut for the holidays.My middle child was in __41__ due to some kind of misunderstanding.I didn't pay special attention to her.I really had __42__ patience to deal with her “middle child syndrome”．‎ On reaching the barbershop, we stopped our car, __43__ and then headed into the barbershop.She __44__ followed us, trying to pull herself together.The rest of us entered the barbershop as she was only seconds __45__.‎ An elderly gentleman had just __46__ with his haircut.He __47__ up to her, with his wife holding him up on his right side.He looked her in the __48__ and said, “You look sad, sweetie.You are too __49__ to be sad！” My sweet baby gave him a smile.Setting against her pink hat, her shining eyes __50__ looked more beautiful.She __51__ a quick deep breath because of surprise.‎ He winked (眨眼) at __52__ and grabbed his jacket from across the room.He had to cross her path again, as she was seated by the __53__.He stopped, took a look at her for a second __54__， and pulled out his __55__.He handed her a dollar bill.‎ I don't remember what was __56__， for it was not any of my business.That man __57__ her a good rest of her night as he and his wife left, leaving a huge __58__ on our hearts forever.My sweet baby __59__ about her dollar's whereabouts (所在之处) all night.I know that she felt its magic, and I know that I __60__， too.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文。一位原本在发脾气的小女孩在理发店经一位老人的一眨眼、一笑和一美元之后开心起来。‎ ‎41．A.relief　　　　　　　　 B．tears C．ruins D．danger 解析：选B　由下文多次出现的sad可知，小女孩因为某种误会在“哭泣(tears)”。‎ ‎42．A.some B．much C．little D．endless 解析：选C　由上句“I didn't pay special attention to her.”可知，对待小女孩的所谓的“中间儿童综合征”，作者没有多“少(little)”耐心。‎ ‎43．A.stood up B．moved on C．turned out D．got out 解析：选D　由“stopped our car”可知，他们待车停下来以后从车内“出去(got out)”。stand up“站起来；经得起”；move on“交换工作/班级”；turn out“结果是”；get out“离开；出去”。‎ ‎44．A.unwillingly B．happily C．carefully D．easily 解析：选A　由下文“trying to pull herself together”可知，小女孩“不情愿地(unwillingly)”跟在家人身后。‎ ‎45．A.earlier B．behind C．late D．before 解析：选B　由“followed us”可知，小女孩走在最后，比其他人“落后(behind)”‎ 几秒钟。‎ ‎46．A.done B．played C．finished D．began 解析：选C　由下文其随后要出门可知，老人刚刚“理完(finished)”发。‎ ‎47．A.walked B．looked C．jumped D．ran 解析：选A　由下文“with his wife holding him up on his right side”可知，老人是“走着(walked)”来到小女孩身旁的。‎ ‎48．A.mouth B．eye C．nose D．face 解析：选B　老人看着小女孩的“眼睛(eye)”讲话。‎ ‎49．A.tired B．clever C．beautiful D．brave 解析：选C　由本空前后的“You look sad, sweetie.”及“beautiful”可知，老人说：这么“漂亮的(beautiful)”小女孩是不应该伤心的。‎ ‎50．A.never B．always C．sometimes D．often 解析：选A　由“My sweet baby gave him a smile.Setting against her pink hat, her shining eyes”可知，她明亮的眼睛“从来没有(never)”像今天这样美过。‎ ‎51．A.made B．needed C．avoided D．took 解析：选D　此处take a deep breath是固定搭配意为“深吸一口气”。‎ ‎52．A.him B．her C．us D．them 解析：选B　由上下文语境可判断老人应该是向小女孩眨眼。‎ ‎53．A.door B．window C．desk D．mirror 解析：选A　由“He had to cross her path again”可知，老人理完发要出门，不得不经过小女孩旁边，所以她应该被安排坐在“门(door)”边。‎ ‎54．A.minute B．day C．chance D．time 解析：选D　由上文“He looked her in the __48__ and said”可知，老人是第二“次(time)”看小女孩。‎ ‎55．A.bag B．wallet C．pocket D．hand 解析：选B　由“He handed her a dollar bill.”可知，老人拿出来的是他的“钱包(wallet)”。‎ ‎56．A.done B．expected C．said D．reported 解析：选C　由“for it was not any of my business.”可知，此处指作者忘记了老人对其小孩“说(said)”了些什么。‎ ‎57．A.wished B．brought C．gave D．cost 解析：选A　分手之际老人“祝愿(wished)”小女孩在那天随后的时间过得快乐。‎ ‎58．A.task B．stress C．challenge D．impression 解析：选D　老人的善举给作者一家人留下了深刻的“印象(impression)”。‎ ‎59．A.cared B．asked C．worried D．heard 解析：选B　由“her dollar's whereabouts”可知，小女孩一晚上在“询问(ask)”这一美元放在哪儿了。‎ ‎60．A.would B．had C．did D．was 解析：选C　此空应指“felt its magic”，即作者知道他也感受到了这一美元的魔力，故用did。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Do you want to be invited back? Read our six top tips for being __61__ popular guest.‎ Clothes — if you are in a formal situation, dress __62__ (smart): a suit and tie for men, a dress and jacket for women.‎ Gifts — if you are going to stay in someone's house, take a small gift if you are staying for a short period of time, a bigger gift for longer periods.Expensive chocolate __63__ (work) in most situations.Don't arrive without __64__ (take) anything.‎ Greetings — to shake hands or to kiss? Wait to see __65__ action your host does.‎ Food — always accept it when __66__ (offer)．Try to eat all of it and say it tastes good __67__ it may look terrible.Don't hurt the host's __68__ (feel)．‎ Titles — avoid using first names in formal situations.Always use titles (Doctor, Professor, Chairman) until you __69__ (tell) not to.‎ Leaving — the most important tip for being a good guest is to know when you should say goodbye.The secret is to leave while the host is still enjoying your company and wants you __70__ (stay) longer.‎ ‎61．________　62.________　63.________　64.________‎ ‎65．________　66.________　67.________　68.________‎ ‎69．________　70.________‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了如何成为一名受欢迎的客人。‎ ‎61．a　a popular guest意思是“一名受欢迎的客人”。‎ ‎62．smartly　空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用smart的副词形式。‎ ‎63．works　这里说的是经常性情况，用一般现在时。‎ ‎64．taking　without是介词，后接动名词形式。‎ ‎65．what　what action your host does是名词性从句。‎ ‎66．offered　when offered的完整表达是when it is offered，分词动作与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系。‎ ‎67．though/although　though/although表示“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎68．feelings　空格中所填单词在句中作hurt的宾语，需用feel的名词形式；feeling作“感情”讲时，常用复数形式。‎ ‎69．are told　until引导的时间状语从句中，主语you是谓语动词动作的承受者，需用被动语态。‎ ‎70．to stay　want sb.to do sth.表示“想让某人做某事”。‎ 第四部分　写作　(满分35分，限时35分钟)‎ 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Wang Lin，‎ I'm sorry to know that you are facing some problems.It's naturally for someone to meet with different kinds of problems when he first studied abroad.The language problem is the first one.But I'm sure you'll soon be able to use the language well, so I know you're a quick learner.Being sure to take every possible chance to practise your oral English, that will do good to you.The second problem is usually the change of eating habit.Not everyone can get accustom to a different diet, so why not to cook meals by yourself? Studying abroad is big challenge to you, but it's really interested.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：第二句：naturally→natural; studied→studies 第四句：so→because 第五句：Being→Be; that→which 第六句：habit→habits 第七句：accustom→accustomed; 去掉第二个to 第八句：big前加a; interested→interesting 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假设你是李华，你的叔叔最近因为吸烟而得了肺病。请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封信劝他戒烟。‎ ‎1．想吸烟的时候，可以试着喝些水或吃些健康的小吃；‎ ‎2．远离平时经常一起吸烟的朋友。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎　 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Uncle，‎ I'm sorry to know that you are ill.We all know smoking does great harm to our health, and I think you'd better give up smoking as soon as possible.Firstly, whenever you want to smoke, try drinking some water or eating some healthy snacks.Secondly,‎ ‎ maybe you have some friends who often smoke with you.Stay away from them.‎ My father used to smoke heavily and once had a serious lung disease, but now he has given up smoking and is living a healthy life.So give up smoking right now.I hope you will do it!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua