【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十二（13页word版答案含有解析） 13页

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十二 ‎[一]‎ Advertisers across the globe seem to be taking humor a little too literally（直接）. As a result we have advertisements for all kinds of products, all trying seriously to tickle(胳肢)the viewer’s funny bone. But…does the humor actually help persuade the customer? ‎ The fact that needs to be enjoyed is that although a beautifully done humorous advertisement can indeed help in a certain brand（牌子） remembering related with humor, what can happen unexpectedly is that the brand can become an object of laughter in the mind of the customer if the humor doesn’t work too well. The advertisers would do well to keep in mind the fact that humor in advertising improves brand recognition, but in no way changes product memory, message reality or buying purpose. ‎ The second point where marketers need to pay close attention to is the fact whether the humor in the advertisement underlines the valuable suggestion of the product or it only is added on as something unwanted, in fact unnaturally. ‎ The third possible danger is the type of humor and the way to use the humor in the advertisement. Agreed that humor does not have to be excellent all the time, but it should neither be a trick nor such that it hurts the feelings of a certain part of people. ‎ This might be regarded as a problem of advertisements in general and not only of humorous advertisements but the problem is only worsened with the use of the wrong kind of humor. Humor in fact is like spices（药料，香料）. Add too little and the food could be mild. Add too much and it will lose its taste. So the right suggesting mix with just a bit of humor could get big advantages. ‎ ‎1. The passage is mainly about .‎ ‎ A. advertisements B. humor ‎ C. advertisers D. humor in advertisements ‎2. The first sentence of the second paragraph means .‎ ‎ A. a beautifully done humorous advertisement can indeed help in a certain brand ‎ B. something unexpected can happen ‎ C. the brand can become an object of laughter ‎ D. if the humor doesn’t work well the advertisement won’t be successful ‎3. The author thinks .‎ ‎ A. advertisers all tickle the customers’ funny bones ‎ B. the humor helps persuade the viewers in fact ‎ C. we should not have advertisements for every kind of products ‎ D. the humor in advertisements is not so successful ‎4. Paragraph are main parts of the text.‎ ‎ A. 1, 5 B. 2, 3, ‎4 C. 1, 2, 5 D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5‎ ‎5. The author advises us to use in advertisements.‎ ‎ A. only a bit humor B. as much humor as possible ‎ C. as little humor as possible D. no humor at all 参考答案：‎ ‎1. D. 从第一段及全文中可以看出。‎ ‎2. D. 句子的后半部分是全句的重点。‎ ‎3. D. 从第一段第一句中可以看出。‎ ‎4. B. 作者的观点主要在这三段里面。‎ ‎5. A. 从全文最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎[二]‎ The terrible tragedy（悲剧） of the bus accident near Sigatoka was in all the Fiji news during the past week. Here is a passage as Margaret Wise, a journalist for the Fiji Times, explains her experiences. ‎ Sunday, September 07, ‎2008 ‎A BURNT area remains, spread with what looks like everyday roadside rubbish. If you didn't know, it would be hard to imagine that this was the place of an unimaginable nightmare（噩梦） where ten members of an increased family met their sad end in a terrible bus fire accident, where at least fifty of their relatives, mostly women and children, suffered the worrying experience of watching their loved ones burn to death. I cried. Not when I got that late night phone call from chief-sub-editor Ilaitia Turagabeci informing me to the death bus incident. I cried later - when I was told upon arriving at the scene that ten people remained caught in the bus. The burnt remains of some of them could be seen from a distance, the smell of burnt skin and fuel blown by the wind of the night. ‎ Arriving as a team of three, I and photographer Jai Prasad left Felix at the scene so we could catch up with the injured who were being transported to the Sigatoka Hospital. We also wanted to visit those taken to nearby Navuevu Village. To be honest, I didn't know what to expect. All I knew through Ilaitia was that a group from Levuka were on their way to a funeral（葬礼） in Nadi. We arrived to a crowded hospital. Inside we found wide eyed men, women and children - badly burnt, scorched（烧焦的）, or injured. Hospital workers were working restlessly. The injured were quiet. Very quiet. ‎ ‎1. The text mainly tells about .‎ ‎ A. a terrible tragedy B. a bus fire accident ‎ C. an unimaginable nightmare D. a journalist’s experiences ‎2. people were sent to the scene to interview the bus fire accident.‎ ‎ A. Ten B. At least fifty C. Three D. Four ‎3. The author cried when .‎ ‎ A. the bus caught fire ‎ B. she heard of the bus fire accident ‎ C. she got a night phone call from the editor ‎ D. she arrived at the scene ‎4. The people in the bus were going to .‎ ‎ A. Sigatoka B. Navuevu C. Levuka D. Nadi ‎5. What will it be about if the text is continued?‎ ‎ A. the cause of the bus fire accident ‎ B. the visit to the bus driver ‎ C. the visit to the people taken to the village nearby ‎ D. the visit to the Sigatoka police 参考答案：‎ ‎1. D. 从第一段最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎2. C. 从第三段第一句中可以看出。‎ ‎3. D. 从第二段倒数第二句中可以看出。‎ ‎4. D. 从第三段第四句中可以看出。‎ ‎5. C. 从第三段第二句中可以看出。‎ ‎[三]‎ Dear Grade 6 parents,‎ As you are well known, graduation is a few days away and there are still some unanswered questions. We are hoping that this letter will answer most of them.‎ On June 15th the sixth graders have no school. They have the day to rest and prepare. The sixth graders will be asked to meet in the senior yard quickly at 3:00 pm. We, the teachers, will be welcoming them and taking them upstairs for final preparations. At 3:30 pm the ceremony（庆祝活动） will begin. You get to sit, watch, enjoy and be proud. At 4:30 pm the ceremony will end and you will be met by your child in the gym for drink and picture taking. Then at 5:30 pm the dinner and dance for the graduates will begin. You, the beloved parents and family, will be asked to leave and return at 9:00 pm to pick up your child at the front entrance.‎ When it comes to dress, graduation is a celebration, however , please remember that the gym gets very hot during the month of June and we are expecting warm weather. In other words, dress up in cool clothes.‎ We look forward to seeing all of you on Friday and, should you have any questions, feel free to contact us at school.‎ Ms. Jennifer Mme. Sandra ‎ ‎ Graduation Dinner and Dance ‎□ I, will be picking my child up at 9:00 pm at the front entrance.‎ ‎□ Arrangements have been made and my child will be going home with at 9:00 pm.‎ ‎□ Help! I am unable to pick up my child at 9:00 pm. ‎ ‎ Parent’s signature（签名）: ‎ ‎1. The ceremony will last .‎ ‎ A. an hour B. three hours ‎ C. three and a half hours D. four and a half hours ‎2. The weather will be on the day of ceremony.‎ ‎ A. warm B. hot C. cool D. cold ‎ ‎3. This open letter is for .‎ ‎ A. the pupils of the sixth grade B. the teachers of the sixth grade ‎ C. the fathers and mothers of the sixth graders D. whoever reads it ‎4. The parents can pick up their children .‎ ‎ A. at 3:00 pm in the senior yard B. at 3:30 pm upstairs ‎ C. at 4:30 pm at the dinner room D. at 9:00 pm at the front entrance ‎5. The purpose of the “Graduation Dinner and Dance” is that .‎ ‎ A. the letter still has space to write something ‎ B. the letter is too short ‎ C. Ms. Jennifer and Mme. Sandra want to be polite ‎ D. the school can be sure the parents have received the letter 参考答案：‎ ‎1. A. 从第二段的第五句和第七句中可以看出。‎ ‎2. B. 从第三段中可以看出。‎ ‎3. C. 从开头及全文可以看出。‎ ‎4. D. 从第二段最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎5. D. 从回执的内容及签名可以看出。‎ ‎[四]‎ Madame Curie was born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland in 1867, the youngest of five children. When she was born, Poland was controlled by Russia. Her parents were teachers, and she learned at an early age the importance of education.‎ Her mother died when she was young, and when her father was caught teaching Polish, which had been made against law under the Russian government. Manya, as she was called, and her sisters had to get jobs. After a couple of failed jobs, Manya became a teacher to a family in the countryside outside Warsaw. ‎ For the research she wanted to do, she needed more space than her small lab. A friend introduced her to another young scientist, Pierre Curie, who had some extra room. Not only did Marie move her equipment into his lab, Marie and Pierre fell in love and married. For the discovery of radium, Marie and Pierre won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. For this work, she was given the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1911.‎ During the first World War, Marie Curie knew that taking soldiers to a hospital before they needed operation was not always possible, she designed the first moving X-ray machine and traveled with it along the front lines during the war. ‎ On July 4, 1934, Marie Curie died in Paris, killed by her own experiments. For her struggles, she received two Nobel Prizes - the first woman to win even one. Through the knowledge she gained, thousands of lives have been saved.‎ Great knowledge, however, is often a two-edged sword. Without the work she did ‎ we might not have many modern cancer（癌症） treatments, or atomic（原子的） clocks, or even the computer you're reading this on. But through her work on radioactivity(放射性) she can also be thought of as the mother of the atomic bomb.‎ ‎1. Madame Curie was born of family.‎ ‎ A. a worker’s B. a farmer’s C. a teacher’s D. an officer’s ‎ ‎2. After her mother’s death, Madame Curie .‎ ‎ A. taught Polish B. got a job C. went to beg D. taught others’ children ‎3. During World War Ⅰ, Marie Curie .‎ ‎ A. wanted to fight the enemies bravely ‎ B. wanted to travel along the front lines ‎ C. wanted to invent something new ‎ D. wanted to help the wounded ‎4. Which of the following statements is true?‎ ‎ A. She married Pierre because his lab was larger than hers.‎ ‎ B. She used to go to hospitals to operate on the soldiers.‎ ‎ C. She struggled for the two Nobel Prizes all her life.‎ ‎ D. Many people were saved because of her.‎ ‎5. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?‎ ‎ A. She could treat cancer.‎ ‎ B. She could make atomic bomb.‎ ‎ C. She invented the computer.‎ ‎ D. Talking about Madame Curie from both sides.‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎1. C. 从第一段最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎2. D. 从第二段最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎3. D. 从第四段中可以看出。‎ ‎4. D. 从第五段最后一句中可以看出。‎ ‎5. D. 该段的第一句已经点明段意。‎ ‎[五]‎ Most nations have at least one type of food that people from other countries think is unusual or unacceptable to eat. In France, people eat horse meat and frog legs. In South Korea and parts of China, restaurants serve dog meat. And in Australia, it’s common to cook kangaroo meat on the barbecue and use emu eggs to make pancakes.‎ ‎ The kangaroo and emu are native to Australia. Both animals are important to the national image of Australia and appear on the Australian coat of arms. They’re also central figures in the history of the native Australians. However, they still hunt these animals for their meat, fur and fat.‎ ‎ Today, Australian people continue to eat these animals. One of the reasons people eat kangaroo meat is that it’s high in protein and low in fat, so eating kangaroo is a good option for anyone on a diet. It’s also cheaper to eat kangaroo meat than other red meats. Because of this, a lot ‎ of university students choose to buy kangaroo meat. BBC News also reported that Australian scientists believe that eating kangaroo meat is good for the environment--kangaroos have different digestive systems than cows and sheep, meaning they produce less methane，the second biggest contributor to global warming.‎ ‎ While emu meat is high in iron and vitamin C, most people don’t think it tastes good. For this reason, they prefer emu eggs. One egg is large enough to make seven omelettes（煎蛋）. And while it’s illegal to collect emu eggs from the wild, they can be bought from emu farms. Rather than cracking the beautiful dark shell, it’s better to dry it by putting a small hole at each end and blowing. Afterwards, you can even carve a design into the eggshell.‎ ‎25. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? __________.‎ A. To present different cultures’ meat-eating preferences B. To suggest that people try to understand other countries’ diets C. To introduce people eat kangaroo meat and emu eggs in Australia D. To compare different eating habits among different countries ‎26. According to the article, the kangaroo __________.‎ A. is not considered precious in Australia B. is considered healthy and environmentally friendly to eat C. faces extinction due to hunting by Aboriginal tribes D. contains large amounts of iron and vitamins in its meat ‎27. Which of the following statements is TRUE about emu eggs?‎ A. Emu eggs taste terrible but are nutritious.‎ B. The shells of emu eggs are not difficult to break.‎ C. It’s common for Australians to collect emu eggs from the wild.‎ D. Emu egg shells can be used to create art.‎ 参考答案：25-27CBD ‎[六]‎ ‎ According to a new study from Cornell University, about one-fifth of the global population, or 2 billion people worldwide, will be forced to resettle or go deeper inland by 2100 due to the continuous rise in sea level.‎ The study, published in the journal Land Use Policy, showed that the increasing global population could make the matter worse. The researchers expected that there are about 1. 4 billion “climate change refugees(难民)” in the world by 2060 and by 2100 the number of the homeless people due to the rising sea level could reach up to two billion.‎ ‎“We're going to have more people on less land and sooner than we think,” said lead author Charles Geisler, professor at Cornell. “The future rise in global average sea level probably won’t be gradual. Yet few policy makers are observing the barriers that coastal climate refugees, like other refugees, will run into when they move to higher ground.”‎ For the study, the researchers reviewed potential problems that climate change refugees may face if they go deeper inland. The researchers predicted their loss on inland resettlement space. The researchers found that some inland regions were unlikely to support new waves of climate change refugees due to the remains of war, road developments and rare natural resources.‎ Apart from the rising sea level, increasing storm weather and the booming global population are also having a huge influence on the numbers of climate change refugees. Storm can push seawater further inland. The increasing global population requires more land even as the ocean swallows up rich coastal zones and the river deltas. These force people to search for new places to move to higher ground.‎ ‎32. What would happen if the sea level were to rise?‎ A. 2 billion people would be “refugees” by 2060. ‎ B. 50% of the population would lose their homes.‎ C. Inland regions would become more crowded.‎ D. Coastal regions would be polluted seriously.‎ ‎33. What can be inferred from Charles Geisler’s words?‎ A. The sea level will go up in a little-by-little way.‎ B. Moving to higher land isn’t the key solution.‎ C. Land and population vary according to climate change.‎ D. Policy makers should think more for climate change refugees.‎ ‎34. Why do climate change refugees fail to move to some inland regions?‎ A. Because they can’t live a normal life there.‎ B. Because they can’t adapt to the climate there.‎ C. Because they will go to war.‎ D. Because they will destroy the natural resources.‎ ‎35. What does the author stress in the last paragraph?‎ A. In the future climate will become worse.‎ B. The earth will see more climate change refugees.‎ C. Global warming is a double-edged sword.‎ D. Sea will bring humans more disadvantages.‎ 参考答案：32-35 CDAB ‎[七]‎ The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep. A few dogs started barking at it. The elephant woke up in a terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety. ‎ That didn't stop the elephant. It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people. The villagers were scared and angry. Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess. ‎ ‎ Parbati Barua's father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer. He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk. He also taught her the dangerous art of the elephant round-up -- how to catch wild elephants. ‎ ‎ Parbati hasn't always lived in the jungle. After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to boarding school in the city. But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life. "Life in the city is too dull. Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase," she says. ‎ ‎ But Parbati doesn't catch elephants just for fun. "My work," she says, "is to rescue man from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from man. " And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years. Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land. It is now fighting back. Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill. ‎ ‎ The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion. A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant. "Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them. They are also more loyal than humans," she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal. An elephant princess indeed!‎ ‎29. For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to_______ . ‎ ‎ A. get long lasting excitement B. keep both man and elephants safe ‎ C. send them back to the jungle D. make the angry elephants tame ‎30. Before Parbati studied in a boarding school,________ . ‎ ‎ A. she spent her time hunting with her father ‎ B. she learned how to sing love songs ‎ C. she had already been called an elephant princess ‎ D. she was taught how to hunt tigers ‎31. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because __________. ‎ ‎ A. they are caught and sent for heavy work ‎ ‎ B. illegal hunters capture them and kill them ‎ C. they are attacked and their land gets limited ‎ D. dogs often bark at them and chase them ‎32. The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that in India _________. ‎ ‎ A. people easily fall victim to elephants' attacks ‎ ‎ B. the man-elephant relationship is getting worse ‎ C. elephant tamers are in short supply ‎ D. dogs are as powerful as elephants 参考答案：29-32BACB ‎[八]‎ You’ll probably never go to Mars or sing on the stage with the Rolling Stones. But if virtual reality (VR) ever lives up to its promise, you might be able to do all these things—and many more—without even leaving your home. Unlike real reality, virtual reality means simulating(模拟) bits of our world. Apart from games and entertainment, it’s long been used for training airlines pilots and doctors and for helping scientists to figure out complex problems such as the structure of protein molecules. Then how does it work?‎ Close your eyes and think of virtual reality and you probably picture something like this: a man wearing a wrap-around headset and data gloves wired(用线连接) into a powerful workstation or supercomputer. What makes VR different from an ordinary computer experience is the nature of the input and output. Where an ordinary computer uses things like a keyboard, mouse, or speech recognition for input, VR uses sensors(传感器) that find out how your body is moving. And where a PC displays output on a screen, VR uses two screens (one for each eye), surround-sound speakers, and maybe some forms of touch and body feedback(反馈) as well.‎ VR has been generally used by scientists, doctors, dentists, engineers, architects, archaeologists, and the army for about the last 30 years. Difficult and dangerous jobs are hard to train for. How can you safely practice taking a trip to space, making a jump from an airplane, or ‎ carrying out a brain operation? All these things are obvious applications of virtual reality.‎ Like any technology, virtual reality has both good and bad points. Critics always warn that people may be addicted to alternative realities to the point of ignoring their real-world lives—but that criticism has been leveled at everything from radio and TV to computer games and the Internet. Like many technologies, VR takes little or nothing away from the real world: you don’t have to use it if you don’t want to.‎ ‎33. What equipment do we need for virtual reality?‎ A. a keyboard, a headset and a supercomputer.‎ B. a headset, data gloves and a supercomputer.‎ C. A headset, data gloves and a speech recognition.‎ D. A keyboard, a mouse and a speech recognition.‎ ‎34. According to the passage, which is NOT the applications of VR?‎ A. Entertainment B. Operations C. Scientific experiments D. School education ‎35. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A. The advantages of virtual reality.‎ B. The influences of virtual reality.‎ C. The importance of virtual reality.‎ D. The applications of virtual reality.‎ 参考答案：33-35BDD ‎[九]‎ Recently, people in US education have gotten extremely worried because a new report has shown that American students have a math problem. The 2015 Program for International Student Assessment(评估)(PISA) shows math scores in the US getting lower and no improvement in science or reading. PISA tests 15-year-olds from different countries and regions in their math, science and reading skills. About 540, 000 students from 72 countries and regions took part in the assessment in 2015. US scores in reading and science were about the same as three years ago, leaving Americans near the middle of the bigger group. But the situation in math is much more worrying. The US ‎ average score was 470, below the OECD(经合组织) test average of 490, meaning the US was No. 40 among the 72 countries and areas. It was 12 points lower than in 2012 and 18 points lower than in 2009. So, what is going on with American students' math skills? One reason may be that the US does not teach math in enough depth. "Students are often good at answering the first part of a problem in the United States, "said Andreas Schleicher, director of education and skills at OECD. " But as soon as students have to go deeper and answer the more complicated part of a problem, they have difficulties. "In comparison, many high-performing countries and regions in math teach a lot less but focus in much greater depth, especially when you look at East Asia, Japan and Singapore, according to Schleicher. Another reason may be the fact that many people in the US are unwilling to travel to foreign countries to learn better teaching practices. "One of our biggest challenges in the US is that the teachers are not going out and seeing what high-performing countries do differently, "said Wendy Kopp, who started Teach for America, in a news program. ‎ ‎30. When it comes to the 2015 PISA results, people in US education are more concerned about . ‎ A. the US average score  B. the differences from the previous PISA C. American students' performance in math ‎ D. American students' situation in science and reading skills ‎31. What can we learn from the passage? ‎ A. American students are not interested in simple math problems. ‎ B. American students are unwilling to go abroad for further study. C. American math teachers envy high-performing countries better teaching skills. D. American math teachers seldom teach students how to solve complicated problems.‎ ‎32. What is the main purpose of the passage? ‎ A. To inform people of American students' 2015 PISA results. ‎ B. To analyze the causes of American students' problems with math. C. To stress the importance of learning math well to America students.‎ D. To give American math teachers some advice on how to teach math 参考答案：BCBD ‎[十]‎ We have to admit that many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have actually contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced and these are difficult to get rid of. However, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they take action to buy a product, they ask questions like these “Will this shampoo add damage to the environment?” “Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?” A recent study showed that two out of five adults now take the environmental safety of a product into account before they buy it. This means that companies must now adjust the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green”, that is, friendly to the environment. Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds of them advocating green. In addition, some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have adopted the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products as their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising. The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act. ‎ ‎33. It becomes clear from the text that the driving force (动力) behind green products is . ‎ A. public caring for the environment B. companies' desire for bigger sales C. new ways of doing business D. rapid growth of supermarkets ‎34. The underlined word "it” in the fourth paragraph refers to . ‎ A. supermarket products B. the company name C. a great demand for health foods D. the manufacturing of green products ‎35. What would be the best title for the text? ‎ A. Business and People B. Business Goes Green C. Shopping Habits Are Changing D. Supermarkets and Green products 参考答案： ADB