2018届人教版必修2一轮复习：Unit4　Wildlifeprotection单元学案设计（39页含有详细解析） 38页

2018 届人教版必修 2 一轮复习：Unit 4　Wildlife protection 单元学案设计 单元话题写作　第三层级——背范文、学润色，让作文洋气十足 (2013·湖南高考)请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。 match　winner　loser　result 内容：1.自己或他人的一次经历；2.你的感受。 注意：1.必须使用所给 4 个关键词；2.词数不少于 120 个；3.不能使用真实 姓名和学校名称。 单元知识热身 (Ⅰ)单词拼写 1．Everywhere, men are trying to solve the problem of preserving wildlife (野生 动植物)． Today was a fine day and never will I forget the special day (倒装句式)．I was chosen to be a member of the football match team of Grade 3 and sent to take part in the school football match.I was excited believing I would earn the most scores (现在分词短语作状语)．But in the first round I had my leg hurt (过去分 词作宾补) and had to give up the game.I was sad to be a loser.My best friend Tom came up to me, saying “You are great! You still played for a few minutes even after your leg was hurt.You are the really winner.” I couldn’t believe my ears.For me the one scoring the most (现在分词 短语作定语) is the really winner.But Tom said “the one who still tries his best in spite of bad condition (定语从句) is the real winner.You know with the determination, you will change the result sooner or later.” I am deeply impressed by his words.I want to say to him “Thank you.” 　　Last term, I took part in a marathon hosted by the school.So_good_was_I_at_running (我非常擅长跑步。 使 用倒装句式) that I had confidence to win the match.When approaching the finish line, I found that one of my competitors fell down and got injured._I_could_have_chosen_to_leave_ him_alone(我本可以选择不管他。 使用“情态动词＋ have done”形式) and dashed to the end, but I stopped to help him.There was no doubt that the result was not so good and people called me loser. However, winner_as_I_was_not (尽管我不是赢家。 使用 as 引导的让步状语从句), I found that I was also very delightedand satisfied.Sometimes it_is_kindness_rather_than_ grades_that_plays_a_more_significant_role_in_our_life (在 生活中更有意义的是善举而不是成绩。使用强调句 式)．Thou gh I was a loser in the match, I was a winner in my life. 2．This incident (事件) really let me know that I have a long way to go. 3．They are making further efforts to decrease (减少) military spending. 4．This wounded soldier was unconscious from his loss (损失) of blood. 5．We must work hard to make our country into a powerful (强大的) one. 6．The gunmen showed no mercy (怜悯), killing innocent men and women. 7．At one point, it seemed certain (肯定) that their plane would crash. 8．Make the windows secure (安全的) before leaving the house. (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Show them your appreciation (appreciate) by purchasing their goods. 2．Mr.Lee decided to fight for the protection (protect) of the environment. 3．Much to everyone’s relief (relieve), the airplane took off without any problems. 4．This file may contain a virus that can be harmful (harm) to your computer. 5．The whole family have been hunting (hunt) for the child since he got lost. 6．What he said was of great importance (important) to your decision. (Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．Sun Yang is a successful athlete, who succeeded in winning two gold medals in the 2012 London Olympic Games. Lots of people wanted to know the secret of his success.(succeed) 2．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employees before he came to work.(employ) (Ⅰ)写出下列短语 1．die_out　　　　　　　　　 灭亡；逐渐消失 2．in_peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 3．in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危 4．in_relief 如释重负；松了口气 5．burst_into_laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 6．protect_...from 保护……不受……(危害) 7．pay_attention_to 注意 8．come_into_being 形成；产生 9．according_to 按照；根据……所说 10．so_that 以至于；结果；为了 (Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 1．People of different religions have lived together in_peace for centuries in this country. 2．Many animals have died_out because of much killing and hunting. 3．We must pay_attention_to these problems and continue to take effective measures to solve them. 4．I smiled in_relief as the last of the children hurried out of the door. 5．If everything goes according_to their plan, they will be able to afford to open a store in 2 years. 6．He saved up his money so_that he could go to New Zealand for his summer holiday. 7．When the sun is shining too brightly we should wear sunglasses to make ourselves protected_from the sun. 8．At present many rare animals are in_danger_of dying out. 1．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being ... 他们在千百万年前就生活在地球上，远远早于人类的产生…… [解读]　before 连词，意为“在……之前”，引导状语从句。 [仿写]　请确保在书到期之前归还。 Please make sure you return the book before_it’s_due. 2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests. 这体现了保护野生动植物的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会 的建议来帮助你们。 [解读]　as 引导方式状语从句，意为“按照……；像……那样”。 [仿写]　如果你按照我说的去做，你的梦想将很快实现。 If_you_do_as_I_say,_your dream will come true soon. 3．This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left. 这是红色疣猴的唯一栖息地，但是现在所剩无几了。 [解读]　There be (no) ...left to do sth./for sth./for doing sth.“为做某事/为某 事留下/没留下”。 [仿写]　已经没有时间来仔细考虑了。 There_has_been_no_time_left for us to think it over. 4．They learned this from the way the bones were joined together. 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。 [解读]　the way 是先行词，后跟省略了 that/in which 的定语从句。 [仿写]　诚实地说，我们钦佩他解决那个问题的方法。 To be honest, we admired the_way_(in_which/that) he solved the problem. 单元分板块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 1．contain vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制 [高考佳句]　After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.(2013·湖南高考阅读 B) 饭后，她把一个装有一只旧钢笔的小盒子放在我的手里。 [一词多义] 写出下列句中 contain 的含义 ①I received a letter containing some important information about the project. 包含 ②The stadium is large enough to contain 100 thousand audience. 容纳 ③Hearing the amusing story, John couldn’t contain his amusement any more. 克制；抑制 contain oneself　　　　　 克制自己 container n. 容器；集装箱；货柜 ④The hall can contain/admit/hold/seat 3,000 people. 这个大厅可以容纳 3 000 人。 ⑤On hearing the rude words, he could not contain_himself_with_anger. 一听到这些粗鲁的话，他不禁火冒三丈。 [辨析比较]　contain, include 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ⑥The container contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included. 辨一辨 contain “包括”，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳 某物。不用于进行时态 include “包括”，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分 2．affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭 [高考佳句]　The research also found that stress appears to affect decision­making differently in men and women.(2012·北京高考阅读 C) 研究还发现，压力似乎对于男女做决定的影响不同。 (1)be greatly/deeply affected by　　 被……深深打动 be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever 发高烧 (2)effect n. 作用；影响 have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响 ①Once he has made up his mind, nothing can affect his decision. 他一旦下定决心，任何事情不会影响他的决定。 ②She was_deeply_affected_by the news of his death. 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。 ③We want to know whether the drug has_an_effect_on people’s health. 我们想知道这药对人们的健康是否有影响。 [熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ④The reader was deeply affected by his novel. 感动 ⑤His left lung is affected by cancer. (疾病)侵袭 3．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 [高考佳句]　Only then did I truly begin to appreciate Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.(2013·天津高考完形填空) 直到那时我才真正地开始欣赏父亲和他引导我们度过困难时期的信念。 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.­ing 重视/感激…… I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激 (2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 ①There are various art websites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. 有各种各样的艺术网站可以帮助学生欣赏和创作艺术作品。 ②I really appreciate cooperating with someone who does such a good job. 我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。 ③I’d like to show/express my appreciation for everything you’ve done. 我想对您所做的一切表示感激。 [名师指津]　当 appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on 等词后接宾 语从句时，一般先加 it，再接宾语从句。 ④I would appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.(2011·山东高考写作) 如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议我将不胜感激。 ⑤I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我讨厌别人满嘴食物说话。 [熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ⑥At that time, we didn’t fully appreciate that he was seriously ill. 意识到 4．succeed vi.成功；继承 vt.接替；继任 [教材原句]　What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed? 如果野生动物保护计划要想成功的话必须要做什么？ (1)succeed in (doing) sth.　　　　 成功地做某事 succeed to sth. 继承…… succeed sb. as 接替某人成为…… (2)successful adj. 成功的 be successful in (doing) sth. 成功地做某事 (3)success n．[U]成功；成就[C]成功的人或事物 ①It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 我从未想过你会成功地劝说他改变主意。 ②He had to succeed_to_the_business when his father passed away. 当他父亲去世时他不得不继承他父亲的事业。 ③Finally, I wish this year’s English speech competition a great success. 最后我预祝今年的英语比赛取得圆满成功。 5．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等) [教材原句]　Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals? 他们能受雇在公园里工作而不伤害动物吗？ (1)employ sb. as ...　　　　　 雇用某人任…… employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 Error! 忙于做某事； 从事于某事 (2)employer n. 雇主 employee n. 雇员；受雇者 employment n. 职业；工作；使用 ①For the past three years he has been employed as a fire­fighter. 三年来他一直受雇为消防员。 ②It is against the law to employ children under sixteen to work for any firms or factories. 任何公司或工厂雇用十六岁以下儿童都是违法的。 ③He has_been_employed_in writing a new book these days. 这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。 [熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ④The report examines teaching methods employed in the classroom. 运用；使用 二、间考词汇自识记 1．harm n．& vt.损害；危害 mean no harm 无恶意 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处) He means no harm by saying what he thinks, but people tend to be upset by it. 他想到什么就说什么并无恶意，但人们听了心里总不舒服。 2．hunt vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻 n.搜寻 hunt for 寻找 After graduation from college, he began to wander from city to city, hunting for a suitable job. 大学毕业之后，他开始从一个城市辗转到另一个城市找合适的工作。 3．mercy n． 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 show mercy to　　　　　　 怜悯…… have mercy on 对……表示怜悯 without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情心地 at the mercy of 任凭……的摆布；在……的支配中 We had no choice and had to be at the mercy of the sea. 我们别无选择，只好任由大海的摆布。 4．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 What a relief！让人放心了！ —Don’t worry, Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu. —What a relief！I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.(2012·江苏高考单项 填空) ——不用担心，妈妈。医生说只是感冒。 ——那就放心了。我会告诉爸爸没什么严重的。 —————————————————————————— ………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！) 请根据提示写出下列与 decrease 同义的高频单词 1．decline vt.　　　　　　 使下倾；(使)下降 2．fall vi. 下降 n．[C] 下降；减 弱 3．reduce vt. 缩减；减少 4．weaken vt. 减弱 vi. 变弱 —————————————————————————— [单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．(2014·荆州质检) He was worried, because he lost his bag ________ his passport, ID card and a lot of money. A．concluding　　　　　　　　 B．including C．acquiring D．containing 解析：选 D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很担心，因为他丢了装有护照、 身份证和一大笔钱的包。contain 表示“装有”，与 bag 构成逻辑上的主谓关系， 因此应该用 containing。conclude“推断出”；acquire“获得”；include 意为 “包含”，均与句意不符。 2．The use of towels covered with ice water will bring almost immediate ________ from burn pain. A．effect B．relief C．emergency D．concern 解析：选 B　考查名词辨析。A 项意为“影响；效果；作用”；B 项意为 “缓解；减轻；安慰”；C 项意为“紧急情况；非常时刻”；D 项意为“关系； 关心；关心的事”。根据语境，尤其是空后的“from burn pain”可知，此处指的 是疼痛得到缓解，relief 的词义与此相符。故答案选 B。 3．Professor Wang has ________ himself in researching the wildlife protection in the recent five years. A．hired B．employed C．devoted D．paid 解析：选 B　句意：王教授最近五年来一直忙于野生动植物保护的研究。 employ oneself in ...“忙于某事”。devote 与介词 to 搭配。 4．(2014·武汉七校联考)People are wondering which of the five sons will ________ their father as general manager after his death. A．remove B．succeed C．follow D．serve 解析：选 B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们都想知道这五个儿子在他们 的父亲死后谁会接替总经理职位。succeed 在此为“接替；继任”。 5．The survivors of the crashed plane had no food or water and were ________ the extremely cold weather. A．in the charge of B．at the mercy of C．at the risk of D．in the possession of 解析：选 B　句意：飞机失事的幸存者没有食物和水，任凭极度严寒天气 的摆布。at the mercy of“任凭……的摆布”，符合句意。 Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！) 1．appreciate 面面观 (1)完成句子 ①I appreciate being_given_the_opportunity to work in your company two years ago.(give) 我非常感激您两年前给了我那次在您的公司工作的机会。 ②I_would_appreciate_it if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.(appreciate) 如果物品能够尽可能快地送到，我将不胜感激。 (2)Many great artists were not famous in their own time, and people only started to ________ them many years later. A．remind B．appreciate C．inspire D．assist 解析：选 B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多伟大的艺术家在他们的时代 并不出名，人们只是在很多年之后才开始欣赏他们。appreciate“欣赏”，符合 句意。remind“提醒”；inspire“鼓舞”；assist“帮助”。 2．affect 多棱镜 (1)一句多译 听众被深深地打动了，他们长时间热烈鼓掌。 ①The audience were_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time. ②Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(用 affect 的 过去分词形式作状语改写①) (2)(2014·荆州调研)The weather is concerned with all of us because it ________ us so directly — what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel. A．moves B．guides C．affects D．benefits 解析：选 C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：天气与我们息息相关，它对我们 有着直接的影响，如：我们的穿衣，我们的行为，甚至我们的感觉。affect“影 响”，与句意相符。 1．die out 灭亡；逐渐消失 [高考佳句]　This could lead to the dying out of some species.(2013·江西高考 阅读表达) 这可能会导致一些物种的灭绝。 (1)die away　　　　　 　 (声音；光线等)逐渐消失 die of/from 因……而死 die down 减弱；平息 die off 相继死亡 (2)be dying for 很想要；渴望 be dying to do sth. 极想干某事 ①Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date. 因为过时，许多传统风俗已经逐渐消失。 ②The sound of their laughter died_away. 他们的笑声渐渐远去了。 ③Although the wind has died_down,_the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat. 尽管风小了，雨仍然不停，因此你需要一件雨衣。 ④London was a new world to me and I was dying to find out more about it for myself. 伦敦对我来说是个新世界，我渴望更多地了解这个城市。 2．protect ...from ...保护……不受……(危害) [教材原句]　I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes. 我保护自己不被蚊子咬到。 (1)protect ...against　　　　保护……以防…… (2) Error! 阻止……做某事 ①It is their duty to protect their friends against the enemy. 保护朋友不受敌人的伤害是他们的责任。 ②The heavy rain {kept us from stopped us (from) prevented us (from)}carrying out the plan on time. 大雨使得我们不能按时实施计划。 [名师指津]　以上短语在被动语态里 from 均不可省去，而在主动语态中， 与 stop/prevent 搭配的 from 可以省略。 ③Something must be done to keep/prevent/stop the environment from_being_polluted. 必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。 3．pay attention to 注意；留意 [经典例句]　I didn’t pay attention to what she was saying.(牛津 P1263) 我没注意她在说什么。 draw/attract/catch one’s attention　 引起某人的注意 turn one’s attention to 把注意力转移到…… fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on 注意力集中在…… devote one’s attention to 把注意力放在…… ①Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and think of others while traveling. 外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。 ②He stood there, his attention fixed on the notice on the wall. 他站在那儿，集中注意力看墙上的布告。 ③The opening of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone drew_attention_of the reporters all over the world. 中国(上海)自由贸易试验区的开放引起了世界各国记者的关注。 [短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.选词填空 in danger， die away， burst into， pay attention to， come into being 1．He told me that the girl was in_danger,_so I went to help her.　 2．Scientists have many theories about how the universe came_into_being. 3．The noise of the engine died_away as the car disappeared in the distance. 4．The government has begun to pay_attention_to the housing problems of the average people. 5．Hearing the joke, all the people present burst_into laughter. Ⅱ.多项选择 1．(2014·黄冈调研)Special attention should be paid to ________ your eyes from sunshine in summer. A．stopping B．protecting C．keeping D．helping 解析：选 B　句意：在夏天，要特别注意保护眼睛免受阳光的伤害。 protect ... from ...“保护……免受……的伤害”。 2．If we don’t take steps, the Tibetan antelopes and pandas will ________ some day just as dinosaur, which is terrible. A．die out B．die away C．die down D．die off 解析：选 A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们不采取措施，藏羚羊和 熊猫总有一天会像恐龙一样灭绝于世，那将非常可怕。die out“灭绝”，符合 句意。 3．(2014·黄石二中调研)China won’t act as Santa Claus again in the world’s financial crisis, and there’s no other candidates to__________ play the role. A．in sight B．in store C．in place D．in peace 解析：选 A　句意：中国不会再在世界经济危机中扮演圣诞老人了，而又 没有其他可见的候选人来扮演这个角色。in sight“可见的”；in store“准备着； 贮藏着”；in place“在适当的位置”；in peace“和平地；安详地”。 1．It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests. 这体现了保护野生动植物的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会 的建议来帮助你们。 as 在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同”。as 作为连词的用法主 要有： (1)“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句。 ①When in Rome, do as Romans do. 入乡随俗。 ②I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”， just as I might do in China.(2012·四川高考书面表达) 我靠他们足够的近听见他们正在说汉语，并且我像在中国可能做的那样说 了声“你好”。 (2)“当……时候；一面……一面；随着”，引导时间状语从句。 ③They sang songs as they were doing farm work. 他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。 (3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。 ④—Coach, can I continue with the training? —Sorry, you can’t as_you_haven’t_recovered_from the knee injury.(2012·重 庆高考单项填空) ——教练，我可以继续训练吗？ ——很抱歉，你不能，因为你膝盖受伤还没有恢复。 (4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序，可与 though 互换。 ⑤Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他还是个孩子，他知道的事情很多。 [链接高考] (2012·山东高考改编)He smiled politely as_Mary_apologized_for her drunken friends.(as) 当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。 2．They learned this from the_way the bones were joined together. 他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。 (1)way 表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接 in which 或 that 引导的定语从句， 此时也可以将关系词 that/in which 省略掉。 ①The way {in which that / }he speaks to us is really annoying. 他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。 ②I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the_way_he_speaks_English. 我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。 (2)way 表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或 of doing sth.的形式。 ③Is this the way you can imagine to_reduce/of_reducing air pollution? 这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？ [句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 完成句子 1．School activities are usually considered a_good_way_to_make_new_friends and develop new interests.(make) 学校活动通常被认为是一种极好的交友和培养新兴趣的方法。 2．Young_as_she_is,_she has travelled to many countries to put on shows.(as) 尽管年轻，她已经到许多国家表演过。 3．You needn't have taken a taxi.Why didn't you catch the last bus as_I_told_you？(as) 你本不必坐出租车的。为什么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢？ 4．Much too often, something that happens in your daily life will change the_way_you_look_ at_the_world and the people in it.(look) 往往是你日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看世界及人们的方式。 5．(2014·武昌调研)We had come to the foot of the mountain before_we_knew_it.(know) 我们不知不觉地来到了山脚。 现在进行时的被动语态 完成句子 1．The paint on the statues is_being_cleared away and they will be restored to their former glory.(clear) 雕像上的油漆正在被清除，它们即将恢复昔日的风采。 2．It is terrible noisy here as the new machines in the nearby plant_are_being_tested.(test) 这里噪音太大，因为旁边工厂里的新机器正在接受检测。 3．A lot of attention is_being_paid_to_greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.(pay) 温室气体的排放正得到很多关注。看那些关于环境保护的海报。 4．You can't use the machine today because some parts are_being_replaced.(replace) 你今天不能使用这台机器，因为一些零件正在被更换。 5．Don't go into the room, please.An important meeting is_being_held in it.(hold) 请不要进入房间。里面正在举行重要会议。 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 1．This book gives a brief ________ of Mo Yan’s growth and details of his writing experiences. A．outline　　　　　　　　　 B．reference C．interference D．outlook 解析：选 A　考查名词辨析。句意：这本书对于莫言的成长历程作了简要 概述，并且详细地描述了他的写作经历。outline“概述”；reference“参考；涉 及”；interference“干扰；冲突”；outlook“展望；前景”。根据句意可知， A 项正确。 2．(2014·襄阳质检)On the Eve of the Spring Festival, we Chinese people like to play with fireworks, and the noise doesn’t ________ until after midnight. A．die from B．die off C．die out D．die down 解析：选 D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在除夕，我们中国人喜欢燃放鞭 炮，鞭炮声直到午夜后才会平息下来。die down“减弱；平息”，符合句意。 die from“死于……”；die off“相继死去”；die out“绝种；灭绝；风俗习惯、 文化传统等逐渐消失”。 3．When she knew that the dinosaur eggs arrived at the museum safely, she smiled ________. A．in doubt B．in relief C．in peace D．in return 解析：选 B　考查短语意义。句意：当知道恐龙蛋安全到达博物馆时，她 如释重负地笑了。in doubt“怀疑地；迷惑地”； in relief“松了口气；如释重 负”；in peace“和平地”；in return“作为回报”。根据句意选 B。 4．(2014·黄冈一模)The headmaster has retired but no one knows who will ________ him in the post. A．follow B．succeed C．remove D．achieve 解析：选 B　句意：校长已经退休了，但是没人知道谁将接任他的职位。 succeed“继承；接任”，符合句意。follow“跟随；紧跟”；remove“免职； 罢免”；achieve“取得”。 5．—How come a simple meal like this costs so much? —We have ________ in your bill the cost of the cup you broke just now. A．added B．included C．contained D．charged 解析：选 B　考查动词词义辨析。根据句意“你的账单中已包括刚才你打 破的杯子的费用。”include(have as a part)指包含不同的一部分，contain(have within itself)着重指被容纳的东西是整体中的组成部分。 6．It came as a great ________ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound. A．favor B．sense C．relief D．relaxation 解析：选 C　考查名词辨析。句意：令父母欣慰不已的是他们的儿子最后 安然无恙地回来了。relief 表示“宽慰”。A 项表示“偏爱”，B 项表示“感 觉”，D 项表示“放松”，都不符合句意。 7．We complained to the travel agency about the horrible service during our trip, but no one has ________ by now. A．responded B．deserved C．recovered D．survived 解析：选 A　句意：我们向旅行社投诉旅行途中糟糕的服务，但是到现在 还没有人对此作出回应。respond“答复；响应”，符合句意。deserve“值得”； recover“康复；痊愈”；survive“存活下来；幸存”。 8．(2014·湖北八校联考)—Volunteering is becoming ________ popular in China. —Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. A．naturally B．successfully C．faithfully D．increasingly 解析：选 D　考查副词词义辨析。句意：“志愿活动现在在中国变得越来 越受欢迎了。”“是的，现在人们开始意识到帮助别人就是帮助他们自 己。”naturally“自然地；理所当然地”；successfully“成功地”； faithfully“忠诚地”；increasingly“逐渐地；慢慢地”。 9．Some American students studying abroad were ________ by the eruption of the Iceland volcano which resulted in the grounding of the flights. A．moved B．affected C．choked D．shocked 解析：选 B　句意：在国外学习的一些美国学生受到了冰岛火山的影响， 它的爆发导致了航班滞留。affect“影响”，符合句意。 10．In the early 1970’s, the concept of “Biosphere reserve” was announced with the aim of protecting the species ________ extinction. A．in danger of B．in place of C．in face of D．in search of 解析：选 A　句意：在 20 世纪七十年代早期，“生物圈保护区”的概念公 布了，目的是保护那些濒临灭绝的物种。in danger of “有……的危险”，符合 句意。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．It is surprising that the young man should_have_been/got_employed in a big company after graduation.(employ) 毕业后那个年轻人竟然在一家大型公司就职，真是令人惊讶。 2．At present the Milu deer live in centers where_they_are_been_well_protected and cared for.(protect) 目前，麋鹿生活在保护中心，在那里它们正在受到很好的保护和照顾。 3．There he made friends with a man called Henry, with_whose_help_he_succeeded_ in finding a job.(succeed) 在那儿，他与一位名叫亨利的男子成了朋友，在他的帮助下，他找到了一 份工作。 4．The designers selected the routes of the railway carefully_so_that_they_would_stay_away _from the major habitats of wild animals.(stay) 设计师们认真选择铁路的路线，以便远离野生动物的主要栖息地。 5．Tired_as_he_was,_he managed to finished the work ahead of schedule.(as) 尽管他很累，但还是提前完成了这项工作。 6．They performed so well that those who_were_watching_burst_into_cheers.(burst) 他们表演得如此精彩，观看的人们不禁发出阵阵欢呼。 7．I would/will_appreciate_it if you can change your plan a little bit to make it more workable.(appreciate) 如果你可以稍微改变一下你的计划使它变得切实可行，我将不胜感激。 8．Experts believe if not properly dealt_with,_the waste may lead to land pollution.(deal) 专家们认为，如果废物得不到恰当处理可能会导致土壤污染。 9．There are many parking spaces especially (which_are)_reserved_for_the_disabled_drivers. (reserve) 有许多专门为残疾司机预留的停车位。 10．They are_being_taken_good_care_of in the hospital, so don't be worried.(take) 他们正在医院得到悉心照料，所以不用担心。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2014·威海一模)He lost his arms in an accident, where his father lost his life.Because his father was the main __1__ of support for the family, since then, he has had to totally __2__ his brother.Except for writing with his __3__， he himself could do nothing else. One late night at school, he got diarrhea (肠胃炎)．His brother __4__ him into the toilet and then went back to wait.But being so __5__， his brother fell asleep, leaving him there for two hours __6__ the teacher on duty discovered him.Later, they had problems and often __7__.Then one day, his brother wanted to live his own life.So he was heart­broken and didn’t know __8__ to do. A __9__ misfortune happened to a girl, too.One night her mother, who suffered from mental illness, __10__.So her father went out looking __11__ her mother, leaving her alone at home.She tried to prepare meals, only to overturn the kerosene (煤油) light on the stove, __12__ a fire which took her hands away. Though her sister wanted to take care of her, she chose to be completely __13__.Once she wrote：“I am lucky.Though my wings are broken, my heart can __14__ fly.” One day, the boy and the girl were invited to a television interview program.They were asked to write something with their toes.The boy wrote: My brother’s arms are my arms, __15__ the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart. They had both experienced the same hardship, but their different attitudes determined the __16__ of their life.Life is __17__ because disasters can strike at any time.How you handle misfortune is the true __18__ of your character.If you choose only to complain and escape from the hardship, it will always __19__ you everywhere.But if you decide to be strong, it will __20__ out to be a fortune on which new hopes will appear. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了两个有着同样遭遇的年轻人 在困难面前所采取的不同态度，从而启迪我们：抱怨和逃避是不能解决问题的， 而积极面对，变得更加坚强，生活反而会更加多姿多彩。 1．A.source B．resource C．origin D．profit 解析：选 A　句意：因为父亲曾经是支撑家里的主要(经济)来源。 source“源泉”；resource“资源”；origin“起源”；profit“利润”。根据语境 可知，答案 A 符合语境。 2．A.insist on B．depend on C．take on D．carry on 解析：选 B　句意：自从那时起，他不得不完全依赖(depend on)自己的兄 弟。此处与倒数第二段中的“My brother’s arms are my arms”相呼应，由此可知 答案 B 符合文意。insist on“坚持”；take on“展现”；carry on“执行”。 3．A.hands B．toes C．mouth D．arms 解析：选 B　句意：除了用他的脚趾头(toe)写作之外，他什么也不能做。 与倒数第二段中的“They were asked to write something with their toes.”相呼应， 故答案 B 符合语境。 4．A.brought B．forced C．accompanied D．threw 解析：选 C　句意：他的兄弟陪着(accompany)他去上厕所，然后回来等他。 bring“带”；force“强迫”；throw“扔”。 5．A.long B．worried C．relaxed D．tired 解析：选 D　句意：但是由于如此地劳累(tired)，他的兄弟睡着了，留他一 个人在那里待了两个小时。根据常识可知，在深夜里陪一个有残疾的人去厕所， 会感到疲倦，故答案 D 符合语境。long“长的”；worried“担忧的”； relaxed“放松的”。 6．A.when B．after C．since D．until 解析：选 D　句意：直到(until)值班老师发现了他。when“当……时候”； after“在……之后”；since“自从”。 7．A.quarreled B．chatted C．discussed D．talked 解析：选 A　句意：后来他们之间出现了问题，经常吵架(quarrel)。此处与 本句中的“later, they had problems”相呼应，所以答案 A 符合语境。chat“聊天”； discuss“讨论”；talk“谈话”。 8．A.which B．where C．how D．what 解析：选 D　句意：因此他心都碎了，不知该怎么办。what to do＝how to deal with 为固定搭配，意为“如何应对”，故答案 D 符合语境。 9．A.related B．familiar C．similar D．same 解析：选 C　句意：一个女孩发生了类似的(similar)不幸。此处与最后一段 第一句中的“They had both experienced the same hardship”相呼应，故答案 C 符合 语境。 10．A.gone B．disappeared C．missed D．dismissed 解析：选 B　句意：一天晚上，她精神异常的妈妈突然不见(disappear)了。 此处与下文中的“So her father went out looking ________ her mother”相呼应，故 答案 B 符合语境。gone 过去分词不作谓语；miss 作谓语时后面应接宾语； dismissed“解散”，不符合语境，故排除。 11．A.back B．into C．for D．at 解析：选 C　句意：因此爸爸出去找(look for)妈妈，扔下她一个人独自在 家。look back“回望”；look into“调查”；look at“看”。 12．A.causing B．making C．catching D．leading 解析：选 A　句意：她想做饭，结果却弄翻了壁炉上的煤油灯，引起了 (cause)大火。那场大火夺去了她的双手。make“造成”；catch“抓住”； lead“通往”。 13．A.confident B．responsible C．reliable D．independent 解析：选 D　句意：尽管她的姐姐想去照顾她，但是她选择了完全独立 (independent)地生活。与第一个故事中主人公依赖于兄弟形成对比，且和本句的 句意转折关系相呼应，故答案 D 符合语境。confident“自信的”； responsible“负责的”；reliable“可依赖的”。 14．A.never B．still C．yet D．even 解析：选 B　句意：我很幸运，尽管我的翅膀被折断了，但是我的心依旧 (still)可以飞翔。此处与本句的转折关系相呼应，故答案 B 符合语境。never“绝 不”；yet“然而”；even“甚至”。 15．A.as B．when C．while D．though 解析：选 C　句意：那个男孩写到：我兄弟的胳膊就是我的胳膊。然而 (while)那个女孩写到：折断的翅膀，飞翔的心。本句中的两个分句之间在逻辑 上是对比关系，故答案 C 符合语境。 16．A.nature B．suffering C．end D．background 解析：选 A　句意：他们都遭遇类似的磨难，但是他们对磨难的不同态度 决定了他们生活的本质(nature)。suffering“受苦”；end“结束”； background“背景”。 17．A.unpredictable B．unbelievable C．unbearable D．uncomfortable 解析：选 A　句意：生活是不可预测的(unpredictable)，因为灾难随时会发 生。此处与本句中的“because disasters can strike at any time”相呼应，故答案 A 符合语境。 18．A.exam B．check C．test D．quiz 解析：选 C　句意：如何应对不幸是对品格的真正考验(test)。exam“测 试”；check“检查”；quiz“问题，比赛”。 19．A.change B．follow C．fail D．cheat 解析：选 B　句意：如果你选择了抱怨和逃避，那么你走到哪里，不幸就 会跟到(follow)哪里。change“变化”；fail“失败”；cheat“欺骗”。 20．A.go B．set C．find D．turn 解析：选 D　句意：但是，如果你因此而变得坚强，那么新的希望就因此 而产生。turn out to be 为固定搭配，意为“结果证明是”，符合语境，故答案选 D。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2014·武昌区质检)Simon Jackson is one of the few people to have seen the white spirit bear. These are fewer than 400 spirit bears in existence. All of them live in a coastal area of British Columbia. Their habitat is being reduced by human activity. In 2000, when Simon was 17, he was honoured in Times as one of 60 “Heroes of the Planet” for his efforts to save this endangered bear. When Simon was seven, he set up a lemonade stand and raised $60 to protect grizzly bears. A few years later, Simon learned of the plight of the spirit bear in British Columbia. He tried to meet everyone he could think of who might understand this issue. The more he learned, the more determined he was to save the wilderness that the spirit bear needs in order to survive. During his Grade 9 year, he encouraged students and teachers to participate in a letter writing campaign. As a result, the government of British Columbia received more than 700 letters on this issue. Later, Simon made it his duty to engage as many young people as possible. He started the Spirit Bear Youth Coalition, which is now the largest youth­led environmental network in the world. It has more than 5 million members in more than 50 countries. The Coalition is devoted to promoting awareness of the spirit bear and the issues threatening its survival. Thanks to the work of the Coalition, about half of the spirit bear’s habitat has been protected. Simon believes that his work is important, not just for the future of the spirit bear, but also because it reminds the youth of the world that they have an important voice that must be listened to, and that they are the future caretakers of this planet. As Simon sees it，“By becoming active citizens in our world, we will indirectly change lives. Youth can provide hope for our world in all of the challenges that lie ahead.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 60 位全球英雄之一：Simon 的 事迹，即拯救濒危熊。 1．What can be the best title for the text? A．Simon Jackson: Saving the spirit bear B．Becoming active citizens in our world C．The white spirit bear in danger of dying out D．The largest youth­led environmental network 解析：选 A　标题归纳题。根据对文章的整体理解可知，本文主要讲述了 60 位全球英雄之一——Simon 的事迹，即拯救濒危熊，故答案 A 符合文意。 2．“Heroes of the Planet” was most likely designed to honor outstanding ________. A．achievement of personal goals B．efforts in promoting youth issues C．success in educating youth about animal life D．contribution to environmental protection 解析：选 D　推理判断题。根据这个奖项的标题可以推知，是要颁给那些 对全球做出杰出的贡献人，并结合本文 Simon 的故事，可推知答案 D 符合文意。 3．The work of the Spirit Bear Youth Coalition was effective because ________. A．all the spirit bears have already survived B．almost half of the bear’s habitat has been protected C．more than 5 million adults joined the Coalition D．the Coalition got support from the government 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Thanks to the work of the Coalition, about half of the spirit bear’s habitat has been protected.”可知，答案 B 符合文意。 4．In the last paragraph the author uses Simon’s words to ________. A．add more details to the text B．emphasize Simon’s viewpoint C．provide an example of Simon’s efforts D．show importance of saving wild animals 解析：选 B　写作意图题。根据对最后一段的整体理解可知，引用 Simon 的话，主要是为了强调他的观点，故答案 B 符合文意。