2019届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit2-Cloning学案设计（20页word解析版） 18页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修8 Unit 2-Cloning学案设计 单元核心词汇语篇记忆 ‎　　The media are constantly exposing food safety problems. Researchers, based on the data attained, made a conservative assumption that 70% of the food consumers are victims of harmful food. There are some people who can't resist the temptation of becoming wealthy. They undertake illegal activities merely to obtain commercial benefits, without bothering to care about other people's safety. I think compulsory regulations on food safety must be made and food production procedures must be strictly monitored. We should object to any arbitrary change of the regulations, forbidding anyone to accumulate wealth in an immoral way.‎ 默写识记 ‎◆默写单词 ‎1．strike vi.&vt. 　 打；撞击；罢工 ‎ n. 罢工 ‎ ‎2．forbid vt. 禁止；不准 ‎3．owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……‎ ‎4．vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 ‎5．bother vt. 打扰 ‎ vi. 操心 ‎ n. 烦扰 ‎6．cast vt. 扔；投；掷 ‎7．retire vi. 退休；离开 ‎8．differ vi. 不同；相异 ‎9．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 ‎10．object vi. 反对；不赞成 ‎11．obtain vt. 获得；赢得 ‎12．resist vt. 抵抗；对抗 ‎◆记住词义 ‎1．compulsory adj. 义务的；强迫的；强制的 ‎2．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 ‎3．commercial adj. 商业的；贸易的 ‎4．straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的 ‎5．procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 ‎6．arbitrary adj. 任意的 ‎7．assumption n. 假定；设想 ‎8．attain vt. 获得；到达 ‎9．regulation n. 规则；规章；法规 ‎10．adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 ‎11．accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积 ‎12．initial adj. 最初的；开始的 ‎◆写出短语 ‎1．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎2．cast down 沮丧；不愉快 ‎3．in favour of 赞成；支持 ‎4．(be) bound to (do)．.. 一定或注定(做)……‎ ‎5．strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎6．from time to time 不时；偶尔 ‎7．bring back to life 使复生；使复活 ‎8．in vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎9．in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ 联想拓展 副词后缀ly ‎1．exactly 准确地 ‎2．instantly 立刻 ‎3．apparently 明显地 ‎4．obviously 明显地 ‎5．conveniently 方便 否定前缀un‎ ‎1．unable 不能的；不会的 ‎2．unreasonable 不合理的；不公道的 ‎3．uncomfortable 不舒适的 ‎4．unusual 不寻常的；独特的 ‎5．unfair 不公平的 短语串记 ‎1．pay back 偿还；报答；报复 ‎2．pay for 为……付钱 ‎－－－－－－－－－－－‎ ‎3．pay down 付定金 ‎4．from time to time 不时；偶尔 ‎5．(every) now and (every) then 有时候 ‎6．once in a while 有时候；偶尔 ‎7．at times 有时候；偶尔 ‎－－－－－－－－－－－‎ ‎8．in favour of (doing) sth. 赞成(做)某事 ‎9．in favour of sb./ in one's favour ‎ 对某人有利 ‎10．do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙 ‎11．ask for a favour 请求帮助 ‎－－－－－－－－－－－‎ ‎12．in condition 健康；状态良好 ‎13．out of condition 不健康；不能使用 ‎14．under...condition 在……情况下 ‎15．on condition that 只要；条件是 ‎16．under/on no condition 决不 经典例句 ‎①The brain accounts for merely three percent of body weight.大脑仅占体重的3%。‎ ‎②Apparently the girls are not at all amused by the whole business.显然女孩们觉得整件事情一点也不好笑。‎ ‎③She's so obviously cleverer and prettier than I am.她明显要比我聪明、漂亮得多。‎ ‎④Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.桑德拉决心成为医生，她的坚持取得了成功。‎ ‎⑤I'll pay him back for making me look like a fool in front of everyone.他让我当众出丑，我非治治他不可。‎ ‎⑥She has to work at weekends from time to time ‎.她偶尔周末还得工作。‎ ‎⑦There were 247 votes in favour (of the motion) and 152 against.有247票赞成(这个议案)，152票反对。‎ ‎⑧Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today？今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？‎ ‎⑨You must on no condition tell them what happened.你决不能告诉他们所发生的事。‎ 词汇异空间——派生词汇 原词 词义 派生词 词义 assume vt.‎ 假定；设想 assumption n．‎ ‎1.假定；设想 exact adj.‎ 精确的；准确的 exactly adv.‎ ‎2.确切地；恰好地；正是 decorate vt.‎ 装饰；布置 decoration n．‎ ‎3.装饰 differ vi.‎ 不同；相异 different adj.‎ difference n．‎ ‎4.不同的；与众不同的 ‎5.差异；不同 object vi.‎ 反对；不赞成 objection n．‎ ‎6.反对；异议 correct vt.‎ 改正；纠正 correction n．‎ ‎7.改正；修正；纠正 reason n．‎ 原因；道理；情理 reasonable adj.‎ ‎8.合情理的；公道的 regulate vt.‎ 调节；管理 regulation n．‎ ‎9.规则；规章；法规 ‎[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ What if your boss tells you to add 1.decorations (decorate) to a new office with a colleague who often finds fault with you? Certainly this is merely an 2.assumption (assume). It's common that people hold 3.different (differ) views on the same issue. To get the work done, it is important to raise 4.objections (object) frankly rather than cover up the differences. Nothing could be better than putting forward a more 5.reasonable (reason) solution or a 6.correction (correct) proposal. Fully exchanging ideas with your colleagues is an essential 7.regulation (regulate) we should follow. This is 8.exactly (exact) what I want to express in this article.‎ 词法新图谱——核心词汇 ‎●灵活多变的动词 词汇 词性 意义 现在分词 过去分词 differ vi.‎ 不同；相异 differing differed undertake vt.‎ 着手；从事；承担 undertaking undertaken obtain vt.‎ 获得；赢得 obtaining obtained forbid vt.‎ 禁止；不准 forbidding forbidden owe vt.‎ 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于 owing owed retire vi.‎ 退休；离开 retiring retired bother vt.& ‎ 打扰；操心 bothering bothered vi.‎ strike vt.& vi.‎ 打；撞击；罢工 striking struck/stricken resist vt.‎ 抵抗；对抗 resisting resisted Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ Robert Frost, 1.differing (differ) from most of the elderly, doesn't enjoy his old age in peace after 2.retiring (retire) from work. Instead, he 3.has undertaken (undertake) the duty of helping maintain the order of his community. Accidents used to occur here frequently. Several kids 4.were struck (strike) by private cars, which 5.bothered (bother) most of the residents. Robert couldn't resist 6.joining (join) in his community volunteer service. They took steps 7.to forbid (forbid) drunk drivers from driving in and out. Since then, no accident has ever happened again，8.owing (owe) to efforts of volunteers like Robert. They themselves 9.have obtained (obtain) the respect of all community residents. 【导学号：11470146】‎ Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错 Professor White teaches maths at a university and has been obtained countless honours in his 30 years of teaching life. Two years ago, he had a narrow escape when he stricken by a lorry. But he got his right leg broken, forbidden him to engage in teaching activities. Yesterday he made a decision retire from work next month. The decision is mostly owe to the family's persuasion but he says it never bother him. Of course, he finds himself unable to resist from tears at the thought of leaving the classroom forever.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ Professor White teaches maths at a university and has ‎ obtained countless honours in his 30 years of teaching life. Two years ago, he had a narrow escape when he stricken by a lorry. But he got his right leg broken, him to engage in teaching activities. Yesterday he made a decision retire from work next month. The decision is mostly to the family's persuasion but he says it never him. Of course, he finds himself unable to resist tears at the thought of leaving the classroom forever.‎ ‎①differ from“与……不同”；differ in“在……方面不同”。‎ ‎②retire from...“从……退休”。‎ ‎③undertake to do sth.“答应做某事”；undertake sth.“着手/从事/承担某事”；undertake that...“答应/承诺……”。‎ ‎④strike sb.on the head“打某人的头”；be struck by“被……撞击；被……迷住”。‎ ‎⑤bother sb.with/about sth.“为某事打扰或麻烦某人”；bother to do sth.“特意做某事”；Why bother？“干什么这么费事？”‎ ‎⑥resist doing sth.“抵制做某事”；can't resist doing sth.“忍不住做某事；情不自禁地做某事”。‎ ‎⑦forbid sb.to do sth.“禁止某人做某事”；forbid sb.from doing sth.“禁止某人做某事”；forbid doing sth.“禁止做某事”。‎ ‎⑧owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.“欠某人某物”；owe...to...“把……归功于……”；owe sb.an apology“该向某人道歉”；owe sb.a favour“欠某人一个人情”。‎ ‎●相依为命的词搭配 搭配 例释、联想、拓展 动介 object to 　　　反对；不赞成 break through 突围；突破 approve of (one's doing) sth. 赞成(某人做)某事，同意(某人做)某事；subscribe to sth.(用于疑问或否定句)同意某事，赞同某事；‎ 动副 pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎(be/feel) cast down 沮丧；不愉快 pass on 传递；把……传递或传染下去 Malcolm seemed quite cast down. ‎ 马尔科姆看上去也相当沮丧。‎ I stayed off work, as I didn't want to pass my cold to anyone. ‎ 我没有去上班，因为我不想把感冒传染给别人。‎ 动名 strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 open one's eyes to 使某人认清或了解 Dan's remarks opened my eyes to the fact that he was only interested in my money. 丹的话使我认清了这一事实：他只是对我的钱感兴趣。‎ 介名 in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)‎ in vain 白费力气；枉费心机 be for sth.赞成某事；be against sth.反对某事；in favour of 赞成，支持；out of condition 健康状况欠佳；working conditions 工作环境；on condition that 在……条件下，倘若；on no condition 一点也不；决不 Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空(填入一个适当的词)‎ For months Tom had been trying to persuade these villagers to move and live in the city. Many of their houses were 1.in bad condition.‎ ‎ However, the villagers objected 2.to leaving their village, which made Tom feel cast 3.down. He talked with the local people. Their words opened his eyes 4.to the fact that they didn't want to lose their land which was passed 5.on to them by their ancestors. His month's efforts seemed to be 6.in vain. How could he break 7.through his dilemma? ‎ ‎【导学号：11470147】‎ Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错 Wei Ning seemed to cast down because his mother objected with his plan to be a volunteer. Word came that a village was destroyed by a terrible flood. Many people were killed or missing, which struck sadness on Wei's heart. He wanted to offer some help. The reason why his mother didn't agree was that he had been at poor condition after a terrible disease. His father was in favour his plan but his efforts to make the mother change her mind were in a vain. Wei Ning stuck to his plan and his determination finally was paid off. His mother gave in and she herself decided to keep him company to the village.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ Wei Ning seemed to cast down because his mother objected his plan to be a volunteer. Word came that a village was destroyed by a terrible flood. Many people were killed or missing, which struck sadness Wei's heart. He wanted to offer some help. The reason why his mother didn't agree was that he had been poor condition after a terrible disease. His father was in favour his plan but his efforts to make the mother change her mind were in vain. Wei Ning stuck to his ‎ plan and his determination finally paid off. His mother gave in and she herself decided to keep him company to the village.‎ 句法新天地——重点句型 完全倒装句；that同位语从句 ‎[教材原句]　 Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.‎ 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。‎ 句中then位于句首采用了完全倒装结构；that引导同位语从句修饰名词news。‎ Then came the disturbing news that the missing plane crashed into the ocean.‎ 然后传来了失踪的飞机坠入大海的坏消息。‎ Then came the exiting news that he got the first medal in the Olympic Games.‎ 然后传来了他在奥运会中夺得首金的令人振奋的消息。‎ 位于句首，采用全部倒装的常见句式还有：here，there，now，away，out等副词。‎ Here comes the bus.车来了。‎ On hearing the bell, out rushed the students.一听到铃声，学生们就冲了出去。‎ half the length of是……长度的一半 ‎[教材原句]　 Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.‎ 多莉只存活了六年半，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。‎ double, twice, times, half或分数在表示“是……两倍、几倍、一半，几分之几”等意义时，后可直接跟名词，但名词前一定要有定冠词the或物主代词。‎ His investment was almost double/twice the amount we have invested.‎ 他的投资额几乎是我们投资金额的两倍。‎ I paid onethird the price.‎ 我付了三分之一的价钱。‎ 这种比较句型中的名词一般是size, length, width, height, weight, amount, time等。‎ It is about half the size of Pluto, too small to be considered a planet.‎ 它的大小约为冥王星的一半，它太小了，不能被视为行星。‎ Fred is nearly twice the weight of other babies his age.‎ 佛瑞德的体重几乎是同龄人体重的两倍。‎ The advantage is that...‎ ‎[教材原句]　 The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。‎ The advantage is that...“优势是……”，that在此引导表语从句。‎ The advantage is that smiling can not only make us happy, but also please others.‎ 其优势在于微笑不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。‎ 其他类似结构有：‎ The strength of...is that... ……的优势是……‎ The disadvantage of...is that... ……的不足是……‎ The drawback of...is that... ……的缺点是……‎ The problem of...is that... ……的问题是……‎ The chance is that... 有可能……‎ The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.‎ 汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。‎ The chance is that our team will finish at the top, as our remaining matches aren't too difficult.‎ 由于我们队余下的比赛不太艰难，我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。‎ 即时演练 Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空 Robots can do many things. I once saw a robot, about half 1.the height of a normal person, help people deal with illnesses. Then 2.came (come) the astonishing news 3.that a robot defeated a man in chess. So the question is, is there any chance of humans 4.being attacked (attack) by intelligent robots in the future? Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. However, the majority of scientists will laugh at this assumption. They argue that the advantage of humans is 5.that they can create while robots can only act according to the instructions given to them. ‎ ‎【导学号：11470148】‎ Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错 A crocodile measuring ‘half the length as a bus’ was said to have ‎ been caught in Australia. Then did came the message from government officials where Wildlife Commission had sent a team out to help the crocodile. Despite the fact crocodiles can live in fresh water, wildlife protectors still want to get it back to salt water. They are convinced that the chance of the crocodile survives in fresh water remains to be small. The problem is what the crocodile is so big and heavy that it is hard to take it to salt water.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ A crocodile measuring ‘half the length a bus’ was said to have been caught in Australia. Then came the message from government officials Wildlife Commission had sent a team out to help the crocodile. Despite the crocodiles can live in fresh water, wildlife protectors still want to get it back to salt water. ‎ They are convinced that the chance of the crocodile in fresh water remains to be small. The problem is the crocodile is so big and heavy that it is hard to take it to salt water.‎ 冷知识详单——查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单句填空 ‎1．It is important for children to have their teeth checked from time to time.‎ ‎2．We have made progress but we are still a long way from reaching our final goal.‎ ‎3．There is no way at present of predicting which individuals will develop the disease.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．We all face quantity of stresses, whether at work, in the home, or anywhere in between.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2．Information technology is expected to have impact for American people's choice of career.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．Fire, on the one hand, can benefit the world; on other hand, it can also destroy the world if not brought under control.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】　1.quantity→quantities　2.for→on　3.other前加the Ⅲ.[原创]语境改错 China will allow all couples to have two children, abandoning its decadeslong onechild policy. The change of policy is to have great impact to Chinese economy and social life. However, at the present, the new policy has left quantity of young people in China at a loss. For the one hand they would love to have more kids, but on other hand, they don't want to give up too much of their freedom. Besides, young people are under pressure, meeting with challenges from time to times. Therefore, we are still a long way about being able to persuade young couples to have more children.‎ ‎【答案】　‎ China will allow all couples to have two children, abandoning its decadeslong onechild policy. The change of policy is to have great ‎ impact Chinese economy and social life. However, at present, the new policy has left of young people in China at a loss. the one hand they would love to have more kids, but on other hand, they don't want to give up too much of their freedom. ‎ Besides, young people are under pressure, meeting with challenges from time to . Therefore, we are still a long way being able to persuade young couples to have more children. 【导学号：11470149】‎ ‎①from time to time“不时；偶尔”，与at times和once in a while同义。‎ ‎②be/have a long way from...是固定句型，意为“离……还有很长的路要走”。‎ ‎③at present“目前；现在”，亦可用at the present time。“在过去”用in the past；“在将来”用in the future。‎ ‎④quantities of“大量的；很多”，也可写作a large quantity of。‎ ‎⑤have impact on“对……有影响”，与have effect on和have influence on同义。‎ ‎⑥on the one hand...，on the other hand是固定短语，意为“一方面……，而另一方面……”。‎ 微写作链接——知识运用 ‎[写作提示]‎ 你想过世界上有个和你长相一模一样的(identical)人吗？克隆或许能帮你办到。不过对克隆技术，人们的分歧(differ)很大，主要是关于到底应不应该克隆人。支持(in favor of)的人认为这一技术对人类有利，尤其在医学方面。反对(object to)的人认为克隆会对社会道德产生很大影响(have impact on)。事实上，我们经常(from time to time)会看到一些报道，说有些国家进行(undertake)的克隆研究取得了突破性进展(breakthrough)。既然抵制(resist)它是徒劳的(in vain)，我们还不如制定规则来合理应用克隆技术，相信这种努力会有所回报(pay off)。‎ 洋话连篇　作文就是这么简单！！‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[规避错误]‎ 下面是李明的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】　第一句：have→having　第四句：cloning→cloned　第六句：Who→Whoever　第七句：countries后加which　第八句：去掉well后的to