2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit1Advertising单元学案设计（36页） 46页

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit1Advertising单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．volunteer n．志愿者；vt.& vi.自愿(做某事)；自愿提供 ‎ ‎2．provide vt.提供 ‎3．service n．服务 ‎4．application n．申请 ‎5．precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的 ‎6．opportunity n．机会 ‎7．confidence n．信心 ‎8．apply for申请 ‎9．communicate with交流 ‎10．live up to不辜负；遵守；符合 话题佳作 最近，你们在英语课上刚学了一篇关于广告的课文，老师要求你们就“广告的利弊”展开讨论。请你根据下列表格内容，用英语写一篇短文，介绍讨论的结果，并表明自己的看法。‎ 赞成的同学认为 反对的同学认为 你的看法 ‎1.广告为我们提供很多有用的生活方面的信息。‎ ‎2.好的广告还可以使公众认识到许多社会问题；遵循广告所给的建议，公众也受益良多。‎ ‎3.一个精心设计的广告有吸引人的画面，所以很受欢迎。‎ ‎1.有些广告劝说人们买一些不需要的东西。‎ ‎2.有些广告不完全说实话。‎ ‎3.占用电视、广播太多的时间。‎ 自拟，至少两条……‎ 佳作欣赏 With the development of advertising，ads have been closely connected with people’s life.Is it good or bad？We had a discussion.Opinions are divided.‎ Some students are in favour of advertising.They think advertisements can provide us with useful information about our life.What’s more，a good advertisement can make the public aware of many social concerns as well.Therefore，in a sense，the public can benefit a lot by following some advice advertisements give.Besides，some welldesigned advertisements appeal to people with their attractive pictures，thus making them popular with consumers.‎ However，others hold a different view.They argue that some advertisements are always trying to persuade people to buy what they don’t need.What’s worse，some advertisements don’t tell the complete truth.Also，they take up too much time on TV and on the radio.‎ In my opinion，advertisements supply us with necessary information about products or services.But we must be smart about false advertisements.So when it comes to advertisements，we should use our intelligence and not be a slave to them.‎ 名师点睛 本文条理清晰，要点全面，结构连贯，运用了一些比较好的短语，如：provide...with，make...aware of，as well，appeal to，a slave to等。另外句式上的变化使得文章生动而流畅，如：现在分词作结果状语，固定句式when it comes to等。同时，一些连接词，如：what’s more，therefore，besides，however，what’s worse，also，in my opinion，but等的使用，使行文流畅，衔接自然。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．persuade vt.说服，劝说；使信服 persuasion n．说服，劝说 persuasive adj.有说服力的 ‎2．cheat vt.&vi.欺骗；作弊；n.骗子；欺诈行为 ‎3．cure vt.治愈；解决；n.药物，疗法；对策 ‎4．trick n．骗局；玩笑，恶作剧；戏法，把戏；诀窍；vt.欺骗，欺诈 ‎5．benefit vt.&vi.使收益；得益于；n.益处；救济金；奖金 beneficial adj.有益处的，有帮助的 ‎6．promote vt.推广，宣传；促销；促进，推动 promotion n．推广；促进；提升 ‎7．amazed adj.大为惊奇 ‎8．senior adj.(高中或大学)毕业年级的；级别(或地位)高的；n.高年级学生，毕业班学生；上司；年纪较长的人 ‎9．tip n．建议，提示；顶端，末梢；小费；vt.&vi.(使)倾斜，倾覆；给小费 ‎10．update vt.&n.更新；提供最新信息；使现代化 ‎11．target n．目标；靶子；vt.瞄准；以……为目标 ‎12．appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳请；n.吸引力；呼吁，恳求 appealing adj.有吸引力的 ‎13．react vi.做出反应，回应 ‎14．urge vt.敦促，力劝；竭力主张；n.强烈的欲望，冲动 ‎15．shock vt.使震惊，使惊愕；n.震惊，惊愕 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎16．drug n．毒品；药，药物 ‎17．advertise vt.&vi.(做)广告，宣传 ‎18．skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的 ‎19．innocent adj.清白的，无罪的；无恶意的；纯真的 innocence n．清白，无罪；纯真 ‎20．fool vt.欺骗，愚弄；n.傻瓜 ‎21．comment n．评论，评价；vi.评论，议论 ‎22．mental adj.心理的；思想的，精神的；智力的 mentally adv.精神上；智力上 ‎23．aim vt.&vi.以……为目标；瞄准；n.目的，目标 ‎24．nationwide adj.&adv.全国范围的(地)，全国性的(地)‎ ‎25．campaign n．运动(为了某种目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动)‎ ‎26．intelligence n．智力，才智；情报 intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的 ‎27．consult vt.咨询；请教 ‎28．comprehension n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 ‎29．bestseller n．畅销书；畅销品 ‎30．recommend vt.推荐；建议，劝告；介绍 ‎ recommendation n．推荐；建议 ‎31．purchase vt.购买，采购；n.采购；购买的东西 ‎32．multiply vi.&vt.成倍增加，迅速增加；乘，乘以 ‎33．design vt.&n.设计 designer n．设计者，设计师 ‎34．aspect n．方面；层面 ‎35．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱 ‎36．bargain n．便宜货；协议；vi.讨价还价 ‎37．bonus n．意外收获；奖金，额外津贴 ‎38．media n．大众传播媒介，大众传播工具 ‎39．determine vt.确定，查明；决定；裁决 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 determination n．决心 ‎40．personally adv.个别地；就本人而言；本人，亲自 personal adj.私人的，个人的；亲自的 personality n．个性；性格 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．One day，mentally(mental) exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.(2016·天津)‎ ‎2．This program is beneficial(benefit) to the children who couldn’t go to school due to their poverty.‎ ‎3．It was very intelligent(intelligence) of him to come up with such a splendid idea.‎ ‎4．I was amazed(amaze) that he’d come up with this sweet idea.(2014·福建)‎ ‎5．We should overcome our weakness and fears with courage anddetermination(determine)．‎ ‎(2016·天津)‎ ‎6．What was the reaction(react) of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision？(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎7．They gave money to the old people’s home either personally(personal) or through their companies.(2015·安徽)‎ ‎8．He doesn’t find his job very appealing(appeal)．‎ ‎9．Advertisements(advertise) persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.(2015·安徽)‎ ‎10．This work is not urgent(urge)；we can do it tomorrow.‎ ‎1．be meant to旨在，目的是 ‎2．even if/though虽然，即使 ‎3．fall for上……的当，受……的骗 ‎4．play tricks on欺骗；捉弄 ‎5．deal with涉及，关于；处理，应付 ‎6．a slave to 对……盲目着迷的人 ‎7．figure out弄清楚，弄懂；计算出 ‎8．appeal to吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁 ‎9．get something across把……表达清楚 ‎10．die from死于……‎ 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ Many people smoke a lot 1.even though(即使) they know the harm smoking does to their health.In order to persuade more people to give up smoking，many antismoking campaigns are started.Many volunteers try to 2.get it across(把……表达清楚) to people that what they can do is to 3.appeal to(呼吁) people not to be 4.a slave to(对……盲目着迷的人) tobacco.Otherwise，they may 5.die from(死于) diseases related to smoking.‎ ‎1．so...that...‎ We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.‎ 我们如此习惯它们的存在以至于我们都没有意识到一天究竟看了和听了多少广告。‎ 仿写　情况如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能的。(2016·北京)‎ Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to find the trail again.‎ ‎2．not all...‎ Not all ads play tricks on us though.‎ 但并非所有的广告都跟我们玩花招。‎ 仿写　并非所有的历史建筑都具有吸引力。(2014·安徽)‎ Not all historical buildings are attractive.‎ ‎3．when it comes to...‎ When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them!‎ 谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，不要做广告的奴隶！‎ 仿写　说到房价，我们都感到很无奈。‎ When it comes to house prices，we all feel hopeless.‎ ‎4．the way (in which/that)．..‎ The information I found has really helped me educate others in the ways in which companies promote their products.‎ 我找到的信息以有助于公司推销产品的形式真的对我教育其他人大有帮助。‎ 仿写　我们欣赏他面对困难的方式。‎ We admired him for the way (that/in which) he faces difficulties.‎ ‎ persuade vt.说服；使信服；使相信 ‎(1)I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.‎ 我设法说服了我的同学接受我的想法。(2015·浙江)‎ ‎(2)It was hard to persuade him to give up smoking.‎ 说服他戒烟很难。‎ persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事 persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事 persuade sb.of sth./that...使某人相信……‎ 名师点拨 表示“试图说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式：try to persuade sb.to do sth.；advise sb.to do sth.。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)We trust you；only you can persuade him to come(come)．‎ ‎(2)Don’t let yourself be persuaded into buying(buy) things you don’‎ t really need.‎ ‎(3)He tried to persuade(persuade) me to give up smoking，but in vain.‎ ‎(4)Eventually，we persuaded him of the wisdom of this decision.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(5)Tom persuaded his father not to smoke at last.‎ Tom persuaded his father out of smoking at last.‎ ‎ cheat v．欺骗；作弊；舞弊 n．欺诈行为；骗子 ‎(1)First，I will tell them the disadvantages of playing computer games and cheating in the exams.‎ 首先我会告诉他们玩电脑游戏和考试作弊的害处。(2015·广东)‎ ‎(2)The salesman cheated him into buying a fake.‎ 销售人员欺骗他买了一件赝品。‎ cheat sb.(out) of sth.骗取某人某物 cheat sb.into doing...欺骗某人做……‎ cheat in the exam在考试中作弊 名师点拨 cheat用作及物动词表示“欺骗”时，其宾语通常应是人而不能是物，且不能接双宾语。‎ 基础知识训练——[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)Why are you always cheated into lending him money(被骗借给他钱) again and again?‎ ‎(2)Two young men cheated the old lady of her necklace(骗取了老妇人的项链) and then got away.‎ ‎(3)His cheating in the final exam(他在期终考试中作弊) ruined his chance of graduation.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)他骗我相信他很有钱。‎ ‎①He cheated me into believing that he was rich.‎ ‎②He cheated me into the belief that he was rich.‎ ‎ fool vt.欺骗；愚弄 n．傻瓜 ‎(1)I was only fooling when I said I’d lost your keys.‎ 我说把你的钥匙丢了，只是逗你玩的。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)Can’t you see she’s making a fool of you?‎ 难道你不明白她是在愚弄你吗？‎ ‎(1)fool sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事 fool oneself自欺欺人 make a fool of sb.愚弄某人 ‎(2)foolish adj.愚蠢的；可笑的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I am a fool; I left my coat on the train.‎ ‎(2)Don’t let anyone fool you into handing over large sums of money.‎ ‎(3)It’s time to put away those foolish(fool) ideas.‎ ‎(4)You’re fooling yourself if you think you can pass the exam without working hard.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(5)She was foolish to say such a thing.(用it作形式主语改写)‎ It was foolish of her to say such a thing. ‎ ‎ cure v．治愈；治好；矫正，改正；解决 n．治疗；疗法；对策 ‎(1)The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to help cure him of his reading problem.‎ 作者的母亲让作者去借书，目的是帮助他克服阅读障碍。(2015·天津)‎ ‎(2)Many people believe that prison isn’t a cure for crime.‎ 许多人都相信监禁解决不了犯罪问题。‎ ‎(1)cure sb.of...治愈某人的……；矫正某人的……‎ ‎(2)a cure for...针对……的治疗 词义辨析　cure，treat ‎(1)cure表示“治愈”，宾语既可以是人，也可以是疾病，有时也表示“矫正；革除”。‎ ‎(2)treat表示“治疗”时，多接人作宾语，强调治疗动作，并不说明是否治愈。‎ 思维发散　类似cure sb.of sth.的短语还有：‎ rob sb.of sth.抢了某人的……‎ rid sb.of sth.去掉某人的……‎ inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事 cheat sb.of sth.欺骗某人某事 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 ‎[用cure，treat的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)The doctor was treating the girl who suffered from cancer.‎ ‎(2)Who was it that cured the old professor of his cancer?‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(3)He said that he was cured(cure) with this medicine.‎ ‎(4)He was at last cured of the bad habit.‎ ‎(5)They have found a cure for rising prices.‎ ‎ trick n．诡计；骗局；恶作剧；戏弄；诀窍 v．欺骗 ‎(1)He pretended to be ill，but it was just a trick.‎ 他假装生病了，不过那只是一个花招。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)He tricked me into giving him the book.‎ 他骗我把书给了他。‎ play a trick/tricks on/upon sb.欺骗某人；捉弄某人 the trick of doing sth.做某事的诀窍 trick sb.into (doing) sth.诱使某人(做)某事 trick sb.out of sth.骗走/诈骗某人某物 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It is wrong to play tricks on/upon the people with disability.‎ ‎(2)The man tricked the little boy out of the money he held in his hand.‎ ‎(3)He tricked me into believing that he was somebody famous.‎ ‎(4)You’re not the first person to be tricked(trick) out of your savings.‎ ‎ aim n．目标；目的 vt.& vi.以……为目标；瞄准 ‎(1)More recently，the Paris Agreement，stuck by nearly 200 countries，also aims to limit global warming.‎ 最近，接近200个国家遵守的巴黎协议，也旨在限制全球变暖。(2016·上海)‎ ‎(2)He took aim at the lion，but missed.‎ 他瞄准狮子，但没有打中。‎ ‎(3)The book is aimed at very young children.‎ 这本书的对象是幼童。‎ take aim at瞄准……‎ with the aim of有……目的 aim at瞄准；目的在于 aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……‎ be aimed at目的是；旨在 名师点拨 ‎(1)由于aim可用作及物或不及物动词，所以类似以下这样的句子可用主动语态或被动语态：‎ My remarks were not aimed/didn’t aim at you.我的话并非针对你说的。‎ ‎(2)在take aim中，aim前不能加冠词，即使aim前有形容词，也不可加冠词。‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)This activity is aimed/aims (aim) at improving the students’ ability of listening and speaking.‎ ‎(2)I don’t know at whom the Minister’s remarks were aimed，but he ought not to say such things.‎ ‎(3)She went to London with the aim of finding a job.‎ ‎(4)The project aims to get(get) kids to a stage called “deep reading”，where they can read to learn.(2014·山东)‎ ‎ benefit vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；使受益 n．优势；益处；救济金；奖金 ‎(1)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Thomas ‎ Edison.‎ 如果没有托马斯·爱迪生的话，我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的。(2015·江苏)‎ ‎(2)The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.‎ 那儿设立了警告牌以引起人们的警惕。‎ ‎(1)benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益 benefit from/by从……中受益 be of benefit to(＝be beneficial to)对……有益 for one’s benefit(＝for the benefit of sb.)为帮助某人；为某人的利益 ‎(2)beneficial adj.有益的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)A stay in the country will be beneficial(benefit) to his health.‎ ‎(2)I feel that I have benefited greatly from/by her wisdom.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(3)The new regulation will be of benefit to everyone concerned.‎ ‎①The new regulation will be beneficial to everyone concerned.‎ ‎②Everyone concerned will benefit from the new regulation.‎ ‎③The new regulation will benefit everyone concerned.‎ ‎ consult v．咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看 ‎(1)If you have any doubts about your health，you’d better consult your ‎ doctor at once.‎ 如果你对自己的健康状况有所怀疑的话，你最好马上咨询医生。(2015·天津)‎ ‎(2)I consulted with a friend of mine about/on this matter.‎ 我就此事与我的一个朋友商量。‎ consult a dictionary查字典 consult sb.请教某人 consult with sb.about/on sth.就某事与某人商量 图解助记 名师点拨 consult用作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，是及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟with sb.，意为“和某人商量”。‎ 词义辨析　consult，refer to，look up 三者都可以用来表示“查阅，参考”，但是其宾语有所不同：‎ consult/refer to＋a book/dictionary look up sth.in a book/dictionary ‎[用consult，refer to，look up的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)Consult your doctor about how much exercise you should attempt.‎ ‎(2)Consult/Refer to the chart on Page 44 for the correct cooking times.‎ ‎(3)When I come across something unknown，I will look it up in a reference book.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)有关你的病情，建议你去咨询一下医生。‎ It is recommended that you should consult your doctor about/on your illness.‎ ‎(5)现在你最好去找内科医生协商一下。‎ Now you had better consult with a physician.‎ ‎ recommend vt.推荐；劝告，建议；介绍 ‎(1)I recommend the butter chicken—it’s delicious.‎ 我推荐黄油鸡，它非常好吃。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)I recommend that you (should) go by subway.‎ 我建议你坐地铁去。‎ recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物 recommend doing sth.建议(劝告)做某事 recommend sb.to do sth.劝告某人做某事 recommend that...(should) do...建议(某人)……‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Teachers recommend that parents (should) not allow(allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.‎ ‎(2)We’d recommend you to book(book) your flight early.‎ ‎(3)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.‎ ‎(4)We strongly recommend reporting(report) the incident to the police.‎ ‎ design n．设计；布局；安排；打算；意图；构思 v．设计；构思；计划；制订 ‎(1)This range of clothing is specially designed for shorter women.‎ 该系列服装是专为身材较矮的女性设计的。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design? ‎ 你认为大楼被烧毁是意外事故，还是有意为之？‎ by design＝on purpose故意地 be designed to do.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计 be designed for...为……设计 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He became a photographer more by accident than by design.‎ ‎(2)The new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.‎ ‎(3)The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.‎ ‎ aspect n．外观；方面；方位 ‎(1)Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better.‎ 科技变化无处不在，影响生活的每一个方面，大部分情况变得更好。(2015·北京)‎ ‎(2)He was interested in all aspects of the work here.‎ 他对这里工作的所有方面都感兴趣。‎ in this aspect从这方面来说 in all aspects从各个方面来说 from the aspect of从……方面来看 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)We have discussed the subject from every aspect.‎ ‎(2)In this aspect，this idea is quite practical.‎ ‎(3)This is only one aspect of the problem.‎ ‎ fancy adj.绚丽的；精致的 n．空想；幻想；爱好；迷恋 v．喜爱；想象；猜想 ‎(1)I wanted a simple black dress，nothing fancy. ‎ 我想要一件款式简单而不花哨的黑色礼服。(剑桥词典)‎ ‎(2)He is always fancying himself as/to be something in his class.‎ 他总是觉得自己在班里很重要。‎ ‎(3)I have a fancy for some wine with my dinner.‎ 我喜欢在晚餐时喝点酒。‎ fancy...to be/as...认为……是……‎ fancy (sb.) doing...想象(某人)做某事 have a fancy for...喜欢……‎ take a fancy to...喜欢上(爱上)……‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)fancy后跟动词时要用动名词形式；表示“想象”时，其后可跟不定式的复合结构，但其中的不定式通常为to be。‎ ‎(2)fancy用于祈使句，表示惊奇、诧异、不满等，意为“真想不到，竟然”。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He took a fancy to wearing fashionable clothes.‎ ‎(2)It takes only a minute to have a fancy for someone，an hour to like someone，and a day to love someone，but it takes a lifetime to forget someone.‎ ‎(3)Do you fancy going(go) out for a picnic with me this weekend?‎ ‎(4)I can’t fancy him doing(do) such a thing.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)没想到你做出了这样的事。‎ Fancy you having done such a thing.‎ ‎(6)我无法想象他当英语老师会是什么样子。‎ I can’t fancy him to be/as an English teacher.‎ ‎ determine vt.确定，查明；决定；裁决 ‎(1)Applying my own rule，I determined to write them in alphabetical order.‎ 运用自己的规则，我决定按字母顺序把他们写出来。(2016·天津)‎ ‎(2)There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them.‎ 这个地方有许多潜水点，拉里决定到各个潜水点去看看。‎ ‎(1)determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)‎ determine on/upon决定 ‎(2)determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的 be determined to do...决心做……表示状态 ‎(3)determination n．决心，坚定，果断 with determination坚决地；果断地 基础知识训练——[用determine的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)From his determined look，we can know his confidence.‎ ‎(2)Her eyes shone with determination.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(3)They determined to start early.(用determine on改写)‎ They determined on starting early.‎ ‎(4)Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)‎ Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to another dance. ‎ ‎ urge v．催促；力劝；竭力主张；驱赶；鞭策 n．强烈的欲望，冲动 ‎(1)Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.‎ 父母应积极督促孩子抓住机会加入运动队。(2016·江苏)‎ ‎(2)He had an urge to open a shop of his own.‎ 他很想自己开一家店。‎ ‎(1)urge sb.to do...催促某人做……‎ urge that...(should) do...主张……‎ have an urge to do...渴望做……‎ ‎(2)urgent adj.紧急的；急切的 ‎(3)urgency n．紧急的事 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)More and more people urge the government to do(do) more for the disabled.‎ ‎(2)It is strongly urged that the library (should)be kept(keep) open during the vacation.‎ ‎(3)The people in the earthquakestricken area are in urgent(urge) need of food，medicine and shelters.‎ ‎(4)The attack added a new urgency(urgent) to the peace talks.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(5)随着高考的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。‎ ‎①Our teachers urge us to study hard with the college entrance examination drawing near.‎ ‎②Our teachers urge that we (should) study hard with the college entrance examination drawing near.‎ ‎ be meant to旨在；目的是；注定要；应该是 ‎(1)Rules are meant to be followed, not broken. ‎ 规则制定出来是让人遵守的，而不是让人破坏的。 ‎ ‎(2)I meant to have told you about it，but I forgot to do so.我本想告诉你的，可是我忘记了。‎ be meant for.../to be...注定成为/适于……‎ mean doing...意味着……；意思是……‎ mean to do...打算做……‎ meant to have done...＝had meant to do...本打算做……‎ ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Did you mean to leave(leave) your dog here?‎ ‎(2)Missing the train means waiting (wait) for an hour.‎ ‎(3)He meant to have helped(help) you，but he was too busy then.‎ ‎ appeal to呼吁……；恳求……；吸引 ‎(1)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.‎ 相对于直白的事实，我们对于激发自己感觉或唤起自己情感的事物，记忆往往更加深刻。(2015·浙江)‎ ‎(2)Music has little appeal for me.‎ 音乐几乎引不起我的兴趣。‎ ‎(1)appeal n．呼吁；恳求；吸引力；上诉；v.有感染力；呼吁；恳求；上诉；有吸引力 appeal to sb.for/to do...向某人呼吁……/恳求某人做……‎ appeal to sb.吸引某人；投合某人所好 appeal to force诉诸武力 have no appeal for sb.引不起某人的兴趣 ‎(2)appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The idea of a holiday abroad is certainly appealing(appeal)．‎ ‎(2)We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(3)On the other hand，the idea attracted him.‎ On the other hand，the idea appealed to him.‎ ‎ get sth.across使理解某事；把……表达清楚；传达 ‎(1)He’s not very good at getting his ideas across.‎ 他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。(牛津词典)‎ ‎(2)The policeman can’t have the thief getting away with stealing people’s money.‎ 警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。‎ ‎(3)We are certain that he will get over his illness.‎ 我们相信他一定会战胜病魔的。‎ get away with(做错事而)不被发觉/不受惩罚 get away from从……脱离；逃脱；摆脱 get over克服；恢复 get down to开始；着手 get round/around走动；(消息)传开 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)有时候他不知道如何用英语表达他的想法。‎ ‎ He sometimes has trouble getting his meaning across in English.‎ ‎(2)你要向消费者传达什么样的信息？‎ What massage are you trying to get across to the consumer? ‎ ‎(3)我们想摆脱这种认为离婚的夫妻双方必有一方犯有过错的观念。‎ We want to get away from the idea that in a divorce one partner has to be blamed.‎ ‎(4)现在咱们讨论一下正经事，你们别斗嘴了。‎ Now let’s get down to business，please stop quarreling.‎ ‎(5)不久大家就都知道了他辞职的消息。‎ It didn’t take long for news of his resignation to get round/around.‎ ‎ die from死于……‎ ‎(1)Every working day I treat people who are dying from lung diseases caused by smoking.‎ 每天上班我都要医治那些因吸烟患上肺病的垂危患者。(柯林斯高阶)‎ ‎(2)The old traditions are dying out.‎ 旧传统正在逐渐消失。‎ ‎(3)The rain remained steady though the wind had died down.‎ 尽管风势已经减弱，但雨还是下个不停。‎ die of死于……‎ die out灭亡；逐渐消失 die down(慢慢)熄灭；平静下来 be dying for/to do...渴望获得/做……‎ die off相继死去，先后死去(直至死光) die away(声音、风、光线等)渐息；渐弱 ‎[用die短语的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of/from skin cancer as a woman.‎ ‎(2)She is dying to know where you’ve been.‎ ‎(3)The excitement died down as time went by.‎ ‎(4)If the snowstorm does not blow over，the cattle will die off.‎ ‎(5)The wolf died out in Britain hundreds of years ago.‎ ‎ advertise vt.& vi.做广告；宣传 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Put an advertisement(advertise) in the local paper to sell your car.‎ ‎(2)I’m calling to enquire about the position advertised(advertise) in yesterday’s China Daily.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(3)他登广告招聘一名秘书。‎ He advertised for a secretary.‎ ‎(4)他们在本地报纸上为产品做广告。‎ They advertise their goods in the local papers.‎ 名师点拨 advertise sth.指为某物做广告，即登广告宣传某物；advertise for ‎ sth.指登广告征求或寻求某物，其中的for表示目的。‎ ‎ comment n．议论，评论；解释；批评，指责 v．评论，议论 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)I don’t feel I can comment on their decision.‎ ‎(2)Commenting(comment) on others too much does no good.‎ ‎(3)Customers leave negative comments(comment) on the website Taobao.com to show their dissatisfaction with online service.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)comment on＝make comments on对……评论。‎ ‎(2)comment用作及物动词时，其宾语通常只能是that从句，一般不能是名词或代词，若语义上需要接名词或代词作宾语，则通常用comment on sth.结构。‎ ‎ promote v．促进；提升；宣传；促销 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The new job is a promotion(promote) for him.‎ ‎(2)She worked hard and was promoted(promote) from a saleswoman to a manager ‎(3)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote)，Henry did his best to perform his duty.‎ ‎(4)His aim is to promote cycling as a safe，sustainable and environmental friendly means of getting about.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)promote...as...把……提升为/推广为……‎ promote sb.from sth.to sth.把某人从某职位提升到某职位 be promoted to...被升为……‎ ‎(2)promotion n．提升，晋级；促销产品 ‎ deal with处理；对付；安排；涉及，论及；和(某人)做生意；解决[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It’s a book dealing(deal) with life in the United States.‎ ‎(2)We don’t know how to deal with it.‎ ‎(3)Deal(deal) with the man as he deals with you.‎ ‎(4)A great deal of money is/was(be) spent on food.‎ ‎[同义词语替换]‎ ‎(5)This book deals with many issues about the world.talks about ‎(6)When I worked in Florida I dealt with British people all the time.traded with ‎(7)In this lesson，the children learn to deal with difficulties.handle 名师点拨 deal with，do with都有“处理”的意思。deal with常和how连用；do with常与what连用。‎ ‎ Not all ads play tricks on us though.‎ 但并非所有的广告都跟我们玩花招。‎ 句型：not all...‎ ‎(1)Not all men are suitable for that kind of work.‎ 不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。‎ ‎(2) Not everything that we need can be bought with money.并非我们需要的一切都能用钱买到。‎ ‎(1)not all...表示“部分否定”。与not连用，表示“部分否定”的词还有both，every，always，altogether(总共)，wholly(全部地)，entirely(全部地，完全地)及不定代词everything，everybody，everywhere等。‎ ‎(2)neither，not...any，not...either，none，no one，nobody，nothing，nowhere，never等表示“全部否定”。‎ 基础知识训练——[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with everything(并非同意你讲的全部)．‎ 写作能力提升——[把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定]‎ ‎(2)Not everything she did pleased him.‎ Nothing she did pleased him.‎ ‎(3)Both of them are not my brothers.‎ Neither of them is my brother.‎ ‎(4)I do not remember all the formulas.‎ I remember none of the formulas.‎ ‎(5)She is not always excited.‎ She is never excited.‎ ‎ When it comes to advertisements，we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them！‎ 谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，不要做广告的奴隶！‎ ‎(1)When it comes to emotional support，the author thinks it necessary to surround yourself with supportive people.‎ 谈及情感支持，作者认为多与积极思维的人在一起是必要的。(2015·福建)‎ ‎(2)Be more careful，and you will make it.‎ 小心一点你就会成功。‎ ‎(1)when it comes to...当谈到(提到)……时，句中的it无具体意义，只起形式主语的作用。‎ ‎(2)下列结构中的it均无明确的指代关系，也无明确的意义：‎ take it easy别着急 make it做到；办成；成功 fight it out一决雌雄 go it加油 get it明白了 ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)You come first.Get it(明白了)?‎ ‎(2)Even if it is tough，take it easy(放松点)．‎ ‎(3)After a tiring trip，we made it(成功) to the destination.‎ ‎(4)When it comes to speaking in public(当谈到在公众场合讲话时)，no one can match him. ‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 Advertisements，which often use words and pictures 1.to persuade(persuade) people to buy a product or service，or to believe 2.in an idea，play an important part in our lives.There are two main 3.types(type) of advertisements.One type 4.is called(call) commercial advertisements,5.which are meant to promote products or service.6.But they don’t tell customers the complete truth.The other type is called PSAs.They use attractive pictures and clever language，but they 7.are made(make) to serve the public.They aim 8.to teach us and help us lead 9.better(good) lives.Our government 10.has been using(use) them to educate people for many years.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 The target audience is highschool teenagers.Our main aim is discourage young people from smoke.Our research shows that young people care for their health and future.We will educate them about the bad physically effects of smoking and what smoking affects those people around them.We will explain all the advantage of not smoking，such as saving money can then be spent on other things.Our interviews also indicate that young ‎ people are concerning about what is cool and what their friends like.We will show how smoking is not cool and attractive，because it makes people smell terribly，and gives them bad teeth，skin and fingernails.‎ 答案 The target audience is highschool teenagers.Our main aim is discourage young people from .Our research shows that young people care their health and future.We will educate them about the bad effects of smoking and smoking affects those people around them.We will explain all the of not smoking，such as saving money can then be spent on other things.Our interviews also indicate that young people are about what is cool and what their friends like.We will show how smoking is not cool attractive，because it makes people smell ，and gives them bad teeth，skin and fingernails.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于广告)‎ ‎1．现如今，广告业发展得很快。‎ ‎2．广告的目的是说服你购买某些东西或接受某种服务。‎ ‎3．你应该小心，不要买一些过时的便宜货。‎ ‎4．一些不诚实的广告的目的是骗取顾客的钱财。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ Nowadays，advertising is developing fast and it is meant to persuade you ‎ to purchase something or accept some service.You should be careful not to buy some outofdate bargains.The aim of some dishonest advertisements is to cheat the customers out of their money.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased(purchase) by the student individually.(2016·天津)‎ ‎2．Emails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated(update)about where their books have been found.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎3．I recommend meeting(meet) him first.‎ ‎4．When it comes to cooking，I know nothing.‎ ‎5．For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎6．Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses.(2015·重庆)‎ ‎7．My apron is so dirty that I have to wash it.‎ ‎8．The little girl played a trick on her.‎ ‎9．I don’t fancy going(go) for a walk in the rain.‎ ‎10．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.(2016·浙江)‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2016·内蒙古呼和浩特二中考前热身卷一)‎ ‎ Shakespeare City Walk This 90minute leisurely walking tour does not go to the Globe Theatre (because everyone already knows it)．Instead，it uncovers lessknown monuments and locations in the City of London with connections to Shakespeare’s life，his friends，his loves and his work.‎ The Shakespeare City Walk takes place on Fridays at 11 am at Temple tube station.‎ Address: Meet at Temple tube station，London Telephone: ＋44(0)7905746733‎ Camera Trails ‎ Learn how to take better photos as you explore London with a professional photographer on a Camera Trails tour.Walk around Brick Lane and Spitalfields on the Urban East tour，or take photos of Big Ben and St.Paul’s Cathedral on the South Bank tour.‎ Address: Trafalgar Square，London Telephone: ＋44(0)7989579336‎ The Celebrity Planet See celebrity(名人)homes，famous film locations，music landmarks and places linked to pop history on a Celebrity Planet tour.Find out about stars in Notting Hill，Mayfair，Primrose Hill or Chelsea，or try a Harry Potter，James Bond or Beatles tour.‎ Address: 40 Prochester Square，London Telephone: ＋44(0)2071938770‎ Email：info@thecelebrityplanet.com Sandemans New London Tours Sandemans New London Tours offer a completely free tour of Royal London，including the Changing of the Guard.There’s also an Old City of London Tour，and a Grim Reapers of London Tour.Our expert guides are all graduates of the world’s leading universities，including Yale，Cambridge and Oxford.As guides work for tips，you are guaranteed the best tour of London.Our walking tours are healthy and environmentally friendly，so you won’t contribute to the pollution problem of London’s cars and buses.‎ Email: info@neweuropetours.com ‎11．What is TRUE of the Shakespeare City Walk?‎ A．It takes place five days a week.‎ B．It consists of not so many famous destinations.‎ C．It lasts about half a day.‎ D．It includes a visit to a famous theatre.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Shakespeare City Walk中的“Instead，it uncovers lessknown monuments and locations in the City of London”可知Shakespeare City Walk没有包括多少著名的景点，故选B。‎ ‎12．If you want to take some wonderful photos of Big Ben，you may .‎ A．receive some professional training ‎ B．go to Temple tube station C．join the South Bank tour D．join the Urban East tour 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Camera Trails中的“or take photos of Big Ben and St Paul’s Cathedral on the South Bank tour”可知， 如果想拍一些关于大本钟的照片，应该参加南岸旅游。故选C。‎ ‎13．How many tours do Sandemans New London Tours consist of? ‎ A．One. B．Two.‎ C．Three. D．Four.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Sandemans New London Tours中的“including the Changing of the Guard.There’s also an Old City of London Tour，and a Grim Reapers of London Tour.”由此可知Sandemans New London Tours”由三个路线组成。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎(2017·河北石家庄二中联考)‎ Nowadays，edictionaries are more and more popular among students.They may be lighter and more compact(简洁的) than any paper dictionary. 14 However，Edictionaries should be limited in their use in classrooms，for there are many limits.‎ ‎ 15 In Japan，prices range from 10,000 yen(100) to 40,000 yen，depending on how many functions you want and depending on how fashionable you are.A trusty Random House paper dictionary costs 12.95 plus tax.‎ Edictionaries are more fragile.Drop your paper dictionary.Go ahead.Hold it above your head and drop it. 16 ‎ Edictionaries have keypads. 17 Besides，it is more time consuming ‎ than looking through pages and using the index at the top of each page.‎ Finally，let’s consider making corrections or additions.When you find something you’d like to change in the edictionary，you can pencil in some notes with the paper type. 18 ‎ A．However，it is impossible to do so with a keypad model.‎ B．They may even contain more words and expressions.‎ C．Typing in the spelling of a word is harder.‎ D．Now，try this with any lightweight plastic edictionary，and you’ll be picking up the pieces.‎ E．That huge，heavy paper dictionary that you see in your library looks like a building block in size and weight.‎ F．Edictionaries have advantages as well as disadvantages.‎ G．Edictionaries are much more expensive.‎ 语篇解读　文章主要介绍了电子词典，对比了电子词典和传统的纸质词典在重量、词汇量、价格、使用等方面存在的差异。‎ ‎14．答案　B 解析　根据空前句子“They may be lighter and compacter than any paper dictionary.”可知，此处在讲电子词典的优势，选项中只有B项“它们甚至可能包含更多的单词和短语”是在描述电子词典的优点，另外B项中的may与上文句子相呼应。故选B。‎ ‎15．答案　G 解析　根据下的“In Japan，prices range from 10,000 yen (100)to 40,000 yen...A trusty Random House paper dictionary costs 12.95 plus tax.”可知电子词典比纸质词典在价格上高很多。故选G。‎ ‎16．答案　D 解析　本段指出电子词典比较易碎，接下来进行对比。空前句子在讲试着扔纸质词典，那么这里应指“现在扔电子词典试试”。故选D。‎ ‎17．答案　C 解析　根据空前句子“Edictionaries have keypads.”及空后句子“Besides，it is more time consuming than looking through pages and using the index at the top of each page.”可知此处应指使用键盘输入单词是比较困难的。故选C。‎ ‎18．答案　A 解析　本段主要对比电子词典和纸质词典在修正和标注方面的差异。在纸质词典上我们可以用笔在上面做标注，但是我们不可能用键盘去做。故选A。‎ Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2017·宁夏银川一中月考)‎ My brother Hershel celebrated his seventeenth birthday on January 4th,1943.Unexpectedly，there was a(n) 19 in my family.‎ Seeing young men from our village race to join the army，Hershel was greatly 20 .He made a decision on his birthday to 21 for his duty.“You’re too young！” Dad rejected.“I’m not！I can’t 22 ！” Hershel declared.‎ By then so many young men had lost their lives in the battlefield.Out of his 23 of losing his firstborn，Dad didn’t want to send Hershel off to war.‎ The argument continued for months. 24 Dad’s signature was necessary for his service，Hershel had to persuade Dad to support him.With little progress，he became increasingly 25 and impatient. 26 ，Dad realized ‎ that a son who was unhappy would accomplish little at home.He 27 ，though with deep worry.‎ On the day of Hershel’s 28 to begin his service in the Navy，Dad 29 him to town. 30 to speak of his love，Dad waited until the last moment，and pulled him tightly to his heart.‎ One day two years later，a piece of 31 news came over the radio.Hershel’s ship had 32 ！The number of survivors was unknown.Dad’s face was crumpled(扭曲) by 33 ，“Oh，no！”‎ Sending his firstborn off to war must be an enormous 34 ！‎ Without further message，the whole family were in despair. 35 filled our home.But Dad was still waiting.One day，a telegram came.It was from the war department.When Dad held it in the hand，he was 36 .With trembling fingers，he tore it open.“Hershel is alive and is coming home！” he shouted with 37 .‎ When Hershel appeared in the yard，he walked slowly to Dad and hugged him fiercely.Dad，a strong man who seldom 38 emotion，embraced his son and cried openly.‎ His son was home.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲的是一位父亲起初不同意儿子去参军，但在儿子的坚持下，父亲最终妥协。在儿子的船沉没后，家人陷入绝望与痛苦之中，唯独父亲仍坚持等待奇迹的发生。最终，儿子归来，父子紧紧相拥。‎ ‎19．A.accident B．bargain C．quarrel D．meeting 答案　C 解析　文章第二段提到“哥哥想要参军，但是父亲拒绝”，又由第四段中的“The ‎ argument...”可知，家里有了争吵(quarrel)。accident意外；bargain讨价还价；meeting会议。故选C项。‎ ‎20．A.disturbed B．honored C．defeated D．encouraged 答案　D 解析　根据后文提到“赫谢尔打算入伍”可知，看到村里的年轻男子都争相参军，赫谢尔受到了极大的鼓舞。encourage鼓励，鼓舞，符合语境。disturb打扰，干扰；honor尊敬；defeat打败。故选D项。‎ ‎21．A.sign up B．look out C．wake up D．set out 答案　A 解析　哥哥在生日那天作出了一个决定——报名参军履行他的职责。sign up报名，符合语境。look out当心，留意；wake up醒来；set out出发去……。故选A项。‎ ‎22．A.understand B．obey C．wait D．help 答案　C 解析　根据赫谢尔的表现可知，他迫不及待地想去参军。understand理解，明白；obey遵守，服从；wait等待；help帮助。此处“I can’t wait！”补充完整为：I can’t wait to join the army！符合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎23．A.sadness B．fear C．regret D．annoyance 答案　B 解析　根据前文“已经有许多年轻人在战场上失去了生命”‎ 可知，爸爸害怕赫谢尔也会如此。fear恐惧，害怕，符合语境。sadness伤心，悲伤；regret后悔，遗憾；annoyance烦恼。故选B项。‎ ‎24．A.Unless B．If C．Though D．Since 答案　D 解析　句意为：由于赫谢尔要去服役必须有爸爸的签名，所以他必须说服爸爸支持他(参军)。根据空后的“Dad’s signature was necessary”和后文的had to可知，主从句为因果关系。since因为，既然，符合语境。unless除非；if如果；though虽然，尽管。故选D项。‎ ‎25．A.anxious B．serious C．ambitious D．wild 答案　A 解析　根据并列连词and可知，设空处应与impatient(没耐心的)意思相近。句意为：由于事情没有进展，赫谢尔变得越来越焦虑和不耐烦。anxious焦虑的，焦急的，符合语境。serious严肃的，认真的，严重的；ambitious野心勃勃的；wild野蛮的，狂热的。故选A项。‎ ‎26．A.Unconsciously B．Undoubtedly C．Eventually D．Completely 答案　C 解析　根据前文中的“little progress”以及后文中“赫谢尔参军了”可知，爸爸“最终”同意放手让赫谢尔去参军。eventually最终，符合语境。unconsciously无意识地；undoubtedly毫无疑问地；completely彻底地，完全地。故选C项。‎ ‎27．A.held on B．broke out C．gave up D．went away 答案　C 解析　根据后文中的“赫谢尔参军了”可知，爸爸最后还是妥协了。give up放弃，在此处表示爸爸不再反对赫谢尔参军，符合语境。hold on稍等，坚持；break out爆发；go away离开。故选C项。‎ ‎28．A.graduation B．signature C．application D．departure 答案　D 解析　根据该空后面的“begin his service”可知，赫谢尔要离开了。departure离开，启程，符合语境。graduation毕业；signature签名；application申请。故选D项。‎ ‎29．A.carried B．invited C．delivered D．accompanied 答案　D 解析　根据后文提到的“爸爸与赫谢尔告别”的场景可知，爸爸“陪同”赫谢尔去了镇上。accompany陪同，符合语境。carry携带，背着；invite邀请；deliver发表。故选D项。‎ ‎30．A.Desperate B．Unable C．Discouraged D．Undecided 答案　B 解析　根据文章最后一句可知，爸爸是一个内敛的、不善于表达感情的人，因此此处表示父亲不能够说出自己的爱，而是通过拥抱表现出来。unable不会的，不能的，符合语境。desperate绝望的；discouraged气馁的，沮丧的；undecided未决定的。故选B项。‎ ‎31．A.exciting B．interesting C．shocking D．strange 答案　C 解析　根据后文中的“The number of survivors was unknown.”及爸爸的表现“Oh，no！”可知，此处指不好的消息传来。shocking令人震惊的，符合语境。exciting令人兴奋的；interesting有趣的；strange奇怪的。故选C项。‎ ‎32．A.broken down B．gone away C．broken through D．gone down 答案　D 解析　根据后文中的“The number of survivors was unknown.”可知，船发生了事故，go down可表示“(船只)沉没”，符合语境。break down抛锚，出故障，分解；go away离开；break through突破。故选D项。‎ ‎33．A.doubt B．sorrow C．disappointment D．displeasure 答案　B 解析　根据前文说“赫谢尔的船沉没了，生还者数量未知”的情况可知，爸爸此时的心情是悲伤的。sorrow悲伤，符合语境。doubt疑问；disappointment失望；displeasure不开心，不满意。故选B项。‎ ‎34．A.glory B．challenge C．sacrifice D．pressure 答案　C 解析　父亲起初不愿意让他的长子赫谢尔去参军，然而最终同意了，此时赫谢尔却生死未卜，由此可知，送长子去战场这件事对父亲来说是很大的牺牲。sacrifice牺牲，符合语境。glory荣耀，光荣；challenge挑战；pressure压力。故选C项。‎ ‎35．A.Conflict B．Hopelessness C．Assumption D．Expectation 答案　B 解析　根据该空前一句中的“Without further message”以及despair可知，设空处应为despair的同义词。hopelessness绝望，符合语境。conflict矛盾，冲突；assumption假设；expectation期盼，期望。故选B项。‎ ‎36．A.nervous B．ignorant C．proud D．calm 答案　A 解析　根据该空后面的“trembling fingers”可知，当父亲收到电报时，他十分紧张(nervous)。ignorant无知的；proud骄傲的；calm平静的，镇定的。故选A项。‎ ‎37．A.delight B．disbelief C．confidence D．determination 答案　A 解析　赫谢尔的船沉没，生死未卜，当发现赫谢尔还活着时，父亲的心情必然是高兴的。delight开心，高兴，符合语境。disbelief不信，怀疑；confidence信心；determination决心。故选A项。‎ ‎38．A.hid B．wasted C．controlled D．showed 答案　D 解析　根据后文中的“cried openly”可推知，爸爸平时很少在人前显露(show)自己的情绪。hide隐藏；waste浪费；control控制。故选D项。‎