2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou单元学案（33页） 33页

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修六Unit1Laughter is good for you单元学案 写作句型锤炼 主体段落常用句型锤炼：非限制性定语从句 先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心 ‎1.Tang Poetry，which wins great popularity with Chinese people as an important literary form，is what we’re going to learn the next class.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)‎ 唐诗作为一种重要的文学形式深受中国人喜爱，它也是我们下节课将要学的内容。‎ ‎2.Paper－cutting is a traditional Chinese art with a long history, which is popular among many people.剪纸是中国传统艺术，有着悠久的历史，深受许多人的喜爱。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)‎ ‎3. During holiday seasons, I will live in the countryside, where air is fresh and people are friendly.‎ 在假期，我会住在乡下，那里空气新鲜、人们友好。(全国卷Ⅱ·满分作文)‎ ‎4. I hope you can help the students in our class to learn more about English and western culture, which can increase understanding and help build good relationships between us.(天津卷·满分作文) ‎ 我希望你能帮助我们班的学生更多地了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。‎ ‎5. In addition, you should respect your teachers, who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge. ‎ 另外，你应该尊重那些无私帮助你获得很多知识的老师们。(江西卷·满分作文)‎ 后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来 ‎1.首先，节目的主题是环境保护，这在当今社会是非常重要的。‎ ‎__First__of__all,__the__theme__of__the__show__is__environmental__protection,__which__is__of__great__importance__in__today’s__society.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)‎ ‎2.你看过那部电影吗？它的男主演可是世界闻名的。‎ Have__you__seen__the__film,__whose__leading__actor__is__world__famous?‎ ‎3.他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。‎ He__will__put__off__the__outing__until__May__1st,__when__he__will__be__free.‎ Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ 一、核心单词 ‎1.stage n. 舞台；阶段，时期 ‎2.dash vi. 急奔，急驰，猛冲 n. 急奔，猛冲；匆忙，仓促 ‎3.attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到；达到 ‎4.polish vt. 提高；修改；润色 ‎5.pile n. 摞；垛；堆 ‎6.bow vi.& vt. 鞠躬；低头；(使)弯曲 n. 鞠躬；船头 ‎7.tear vt. 撕，扯 ‎8.burst vi. 猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 二、阅读单词 ‎1.comedy n. 喜剧 ‎2.tease vt. 取笑；揶揄；戏弄 ‎3.previous adj. 先前的，以往的 ‎4.affection n. 喜爱，钟爱 ‎5.initial adj. 最初的，初始的 n. (人名的)首字母 ‎6.guarantee vt.& n. 保证；担保 ‎7.visual adj. 视觉的 ‎8.yell vi.& n. 叫喊，大喊，吼叫 三、拓展单词 ‎1.variety n.(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→vary v.变化；改变 ‎2.behave vi.& vt.表现→behaviour n.行为；表现 ‎3.perform vt.& vi.演出，表演，履行；运转→performance n.表演；演出；表现，业绩→performer n.表演者；演员 ‎4.technical adj.技术的；技能的→technically adv.技巧上，与技术有关地→technician n.技师，技术人员→technique n.技术，技巧；技能→technology n.技术；科技 ‎5.amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐→amusement n.消遣，娱乐，乐趣→amusing adj.有趣的；引人发笑的→amused adj.愉快的；被逗乐的 ‎6.strengthen vt.& vi.增强；巩固→strength n.力量，力气 ‎7.participate vi.参加，参与→participation n.参加，参与→participant n.参加者，参与者 ‎8.positive adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的→negative adj.消极的；负面的；否定的 ‎9.instruct vt.教授；指示，命令→instruction n.教授；指示，命令；说明→instructive adj.有教育意义的→instructor n.教练，导师 ‎10.invitation n.邀请→invite vt.邀请 ‎11.crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd vt.& vi.拥挤，挤满 n.人群 ‎12.anger n.怒火，怒气→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.气愤地 ‎13.weekly n.周刊；周报 adj.每周的→weekday n.工作日→weekend n.周末 ‎14.fit adj.健康的；合适的→fitness n.健壮，健康；适合 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.戏剧相关词一览 ‎①ticket office 售票处 ‎②entrance n. 入口 ‎③theater n. 剧场，戏院 ‎④audience n. 观众 ‎⑤stage n. 舞台 ‎⑥comedy n. 喜剧 ‎⑦tragedy n. 悲剧 ‎2.速记“－ious”结尾形容词 ‎①previous 先前的，以往的 ‎②cautious 谨慎的，小心的 ‎③envious 嫉妒的；羡慕的 ‎④anxious 焦虑的；渴望的 ‎⑤suspicious 怀疑的 ‎⑥religious 宗教的；虔诚的 ‎⑦harmonious 和谐的，和睦的 ‎3.各种“保证”‎ ‎①guarantee v.& n. 保证 ‎②ensure v. 确保，保证 ‎③insure v. 确定，保证 ‎④assure v. 保证 ‎⑤make sure 确保，保证 ‎ ‎4.“adj.＋－en→v.”词面面观 ‎①strong→strengthen 加强 ‎②ripe→ripen 变成熟 ‎③short→shorten 变短 ‎④wide→widen (使)变宽 ‎⑤deep→deepen 使变深 ‎⑥sharp→sharpen 削尖，磨快 ‎⑦dark→darken 使变暗 ‎⑧hard→harden 使变硬 ‎5.“观点、态度”类形容词集锦 ‎①positive 积极的 ‎②negative 消极的 ‎③active 主动的，活跃的 ‎④passive 被动的，消极的 ‎⑤subjective 主观的 ‎⑥objective 客观的 ‎⑦neutral 中立的 ‎⑧critical 批评的 ‎⑨doubtful 怀疑的 ‎[会应用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Their behavior (behave) towards me shows that they do not like me.‎ ‎2.We all agreed on an idea to strengthen (strength) the cooperation between our two parties.‎ ‎3.The emphasis is on developing fitness(fit) through exercises and training.‎ ‎4.With the Spring Festival approaching，the square is crowded ‎ (crowd)with people.‎ ‎5.Mr.Smith invited me to visit London and I willingly accepted his invitation.(invite)‎ ‎6.In the live courses，students and an instructor meet in the online classrooms for instruction.(instruct)‎ ‎7.Mr Wang is an amusing person who often amuses us with amusing stories.So staying with him is really a kind of amusement.(amuse)‎ ‎8.A variety of designs can be made using various coloring and different design styles.(various)‎ ‎9.Many technical experts at that time had doubts about the new technology of making paper.(technique)‎ ‎10.The doctor performed the operation quite well and the director was very satisfied with his performance and praised him as a real performer of difficult operations.(perform)‎ Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ ‎1.stand__up__for　支持，维护 ‎2.a__variety__of 种种；各种各样的 ‎3.trip__over 绊倒 ‎4.make__fun__of 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 ‎5.have__affection__for 喜爱，钟爱 ‎6.come__up__with 想出；拿出 ‎7.pass__away 去世，亡故 ‎8.drive__away 赶走；驱赶 ‎9.take__on 接纳 ‎10.make room for 为……腾出地方 ‎11.burst in 闯进；突然闯入 ‎12.glare at 对……怒目而视 ‎13.hold out 递出；拿出；伸出 ‎14.later on 后来，过后 ‎15.make up 组成；编造；化妆；弥补 ‎16.depend on 依靠，依赖 ‎17.be popular with 受……欢迎 ‎18.be divided into 划分为 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.stand短语荟萃 ‎①stand up for　支持，维护 ‎②stand for 代表；象征；主张 ‎③stand out 突出，显眼，杰出 ‎④stand back 向后退 ‎⑤stand aside 靠边站；不参与 ‎⑥stand by 站在旁边，袖手旁观 ‎2.pass短语速记 ‎①pass away 度过；消磨时间；去世 ‎②pass along 沿……走，路过 ‎③pass by 经过；时间逝去 ‎④pass down (世代)相传，传下来 ‎⑤pass on...to... 把……传递给……‎ ‎3.“v.＋away”短语全接触 ‎①drive away 赶走；驱赶 ‎②put away 收好，放好 ‎③turn away 转过脸去；避开 ‎④give away 赠送；泄露；出卖 ‎⑤throw away 扔掉，丢弃，丢掉 ‎⑥break away 脱离；摆脱 ‎⑦die away (声音、风或光线)慢慢变弱 ‎[会应用]　选用上表左栏短语填空 ‎1.Don’t put your toys here and there；someone may trip__over them.‎ ‎2.The father must have heard that his son failed in the exam.He is glaring__at him disappointedly.‎ ‎3.With some hesitation and an uncertain smile，she held__out her hand to pick up the money.‎ ‎4.You can say that someone passed__away to mean that they died，if you want to avoid using the word “die”.‎ ‎5.The teacher asked who could come__up__with a good solution to this problem.‎ ‎6.We must dare to stand__up__for the truth and dare to correct mistakes.‎ ‎7.I feel silly in these clothes.I’m afraid I will be made__fun__of by everyone at the party.‎ ‎8.People thought setting off firecrackers could help drive__away evil spirits during the New Year.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写 句型公式1：特殊疑问词＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分？‎ ‎[教材原句] Which of the events above do you think will be the funniest?‎ 你认为上面这些事件中哪一件是最有趣的？‎ ‎[句型仿写] What__do__you__think I should do about this?‎ 你认为这事我该怎么办？‎ 句型公式2：数词或不定代词no/some/any＋such＋名词。‎ ‎[教材原句] One such person is Billy Crystal.‎ 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。‎ ‎[句型仿写] In an ideal world，there would be no__such__thing as rubbish.‎ 在一个理想世界中，不会有垃圾之类的东西。‎ 句型公式3：It seems...that...意为“……似乎/好像……”。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。‎ ‎[教材原句] It seems appropriate that he got his start in silent films!‎ 他从无声电影起步似乎是恰当的！‎ ‎[句型仿写] It__seems__unlikely__that the task will be accomplished.‎ 好像这项任务不可能完成了。‎ Ⅳ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Stand－up is a favourite type of comedy，which 1.is__done (do) on a stage by a comedian talking to audience ‎ members.There are a 2.variety(various) of different styles of stand－up comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about 3.the way people behave or about daily life.Some comedians rely on visual humour.4.Other comedians may trip over chairs，walk into doors，5.and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.The last kind of comedian does 6.impressions (impress).These comedians act or speak like a well－known person.Billy Crystal is one of the stand－up comedians 7.who have become famous as television and film performers later on in life.He is popular with all age groups and has the ability 8.to__amuse (amuse) people all over the world.This proves that stand－up can be enjoyed by everyone.Doctors have been researching what effect stand－up and other forms of comedy have 9.on us，and have discovered that people who laugh a lot live 10.longer (long).This agrees with the English saying “Laughter is the best medicine.”‎ ‎[核 心 词 汇]‎ ‎1.variety n.[C]品种，(同一事物)不同种类；多种样式； [U]变化，多样化 ‎(1)a variety of＝varieties of　种种，各种各样的，各种不同的 the variety of ……的品种 ‎(2)various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 ‎(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变更；变化；不同 vary from...to.../between...and... 在……和……之间变化 ‎①With the approaching of the 2019 Spring Festival，the whole country held a__variety__of/varieties__of/various__activities to celebrate.随着2019年春节来临，全国人民举行了各种各样的庆祝活动。‎ ‎②Just like spoken language，body language varies from culture to culture.‎ 跟口头语一样，身势语也因文化而异。‎ ‎[名师指津]‎ ‎(1)a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；‎ ‎(2)the variety of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎③The variety of foods at the restaurant is__(be) limited，but the amount of each dish is fairly large.‎ 这家饭店里食物的品种是有限的，但每道菜的量是相当大的。‎ ‎2.behave vi.& vt.表现 ‎(1)behave well/badly　行为规矩/不规矩；表现好/不好 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 ‎(2)well－behaved/badly－behaved adj. 表现好/差的 ‎(3)behaviour n. 举止；行为 ‎①It is very important for everyone to behave__well and be polite in public.‎ 在公共场合举止端庄、有礼貌，这对每个人来说很重要。‎ ‎②If parents do not teach their child how to behave__himself，he will do anything at will.‎ 如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩，他做任何事情会我行我素。‎ ‎3.perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，运转 ‎ ‎(1)perform/carry out one’s duty/promise/task 履行职责/履行诺言/执行任务 perform/carry out an operation　进行手术 ‎(2)performance n. 演出，节目；表现 give/put on a performance 表演(节目)‎ ‎(3)performer n. 执行者，表演者 ‎①You’d better perform__your__promise that you have to finish your task on time.‎ 你最好履行你按时完成你任务的承诺。‎ ‎②On National Day，they put__on/give__a__wonderful__performance on the square.‎ 国庆节那天，他们在广场上做了精彩的表演。 ‎ ‎4.amuse vt.逗笑，逗乐；提供(消遣)，(使)娱乐 ‎(1)amuse sb by/with...　用……逗某人开心 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 ‎(2)amused adj. 被逗笑的，愉快的 be amused at/by 被……逗乐，以……为乐 be amused to do... 做……取乐 amusing adj. 有趣的，好玩的，逗人笑的 ‎(3)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐 to one’s amusement 令某人开心的是 ‎①Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to__amuse (amuse) people all over the world.(教材原句)‎ 克里斯托深受各年龄层次人们的喜欢，而且他有能力逗乐全世界的人。‎ ‎②The announcer broadcast such a piece of amusing (amuse) news that all my family were amused at/by it.‎ 播音员报道了一条如此有趣的新闻，结果我们全家被逗乐了。‎ ‎③To__everyone’s__amusement，he turned up for work in a straw hat and jeans.‎ 令大家感到可笑的是，他戴着草帽、穿着牛仔裤来上班。‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示“使欢乐，使高兴，使娱乐”的词还有：entertain，excite，delight，please等。‎ ‎5.participate vi.参加，参与 ‎(1)participate in　参加 participate in sth with sb 和某人参与某事 ‎(2)participant n. 参加者，共享者 participation n. 参与；分担；共享 ‎①As you laugh，the muscles participating (participate)in the laugh become active.(教材原句)‎ 当你笑时，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃起来。‎ ‎②According to the law，everyone above 18 has the right to participate in an election .‎ 根据法律，凡是年满18岁的人都有权参加选举。‎ ‎③Over one thousand participants (participate) from Europe competed in three events.‎ 来自于欧洲的一千多名选手在三个项目上比赛。‎ ‎[名师指津]　participate 是不及物动词，常与in构成搭配，同义短语是join in，take part in。‎ ‎6.guarantee vt.& n.保证；担保 ‎ ‎(1)guarantee to do sth　保证/担保做某事 guarantee that... 保证/确保……‎ guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事 be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会做某事 ‎(2)give sb a guarantee (that)... 向某人保证……‎ ‎(be) under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎①Practising is the only way to__guarantee (guarantee) a successful performance.(教材原句)‎ 练习是保证成功演出的唯一方法。‎ ‎②Only when one is in good health can he or she guarantee to__learn__(learn) efficiently.‎ 一个人只有身体健康时，才能保证高效学习。‎ ‎③The TV set was still under__guarantee，so they repaired it for free.‎ 这台电视仍在保修期内，因此他们免费维修。 ‎ ‎7.instruct vt.教授，传授；指示，命令；告知 ‎(1)instruct sb to do sth 指导/指示某人做某事 instruct sb in sth 指导某人某事 ‎(2)instruction n. obey/follow instructions 遵从指令/指示/按照说明 ‎(3)instructor n. 指导员，教练 instructive adj. 有教育意义的，有启发性的 ‎①At the start of the new term，all children were instructed ‎ in the use of the library.‎ ‎→At the start of the new term，all children were instructed to__use (use) the library.‎ 所有孩子都被教授了使用图书馆的方法。‎ ‎②Before you operate the machine，please read the instructions (instruct) on it.‎ 在操作这台机器之前，请仔细阅读上面的说明。‎ ‎③It is the most instructive (instruct) lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.‎ 这是我到这个学校以来听过的最有教育意义的演讲。‎ ‎8.burst (burst，burst) vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂 ‎(1)burst in/into 闯入/破门而入……‎ burst out 突然迸发；爆发 突然哭起来/笑起来 burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 ‎(2)a burst of 一阵……‎ ‎①Servant bursts in，next to Queen，empty－handed and looking worried.‎ 仆人冲进来，来到王后旁边，两手空空，看起来很着急。‎ ‎②It is bad manners to burst into others’ house without knocking.‎ 不敲门就闯进别人家里是不礼貌的。‎ ‎③Alice burst into a laughter/burst out laughing when she saw his funny performance.‎ 当爱丽丝看到他滑稽的表演的时候，她突然大笑起来。‎ ‎9.make fun of 拿……开玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 ‎(1)have fun with sb 和某人玩得开心 have fun (in) doing sth 做某事很开心 for fun 为了好玩 What fun! (听起来)多有趣啊！‎ ‎(2)play a joke/jokes on 捉弄……，拿……开玩笑 play a trick/tricks on 戏弄……‎ ‎①Don’t make__fun__of the disabled; everyone has his self－respect.‎ 别取笑残疾人，每个人都有自尊。‎ ‎②The children always have fun playing (play) building blocks.‎ 孩子们总是玩积木玩得很开心。‎ ‎③It seems that the boy will never get tired of playing__jokes__on his brother.‎ 那个男孩儿对捉弄他的弟弟似乎永远也不会厌倦。‎ ‎[名师指津]　fun表示“乐趣，玩笑”是不可数名词，前面不能用冠词a，但可用great，much，a lot of等对其进行修饰。‎ ‎10.hold out 递出；拿出；伸出；坚持；维持；坚守，守住 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中hold out的含义 ‎①He walked to her and held out a small bunch of wild flowers.递/拿出 ‎②They held out the hand of friendship to me.伸出 ‎③We must hold out.We mustn’t be frightened by the difficulties.坚持 ‎④Do you know how long our supply of gas will hold out？维持 hold back　隐瞒；退缩；阻止；抑制 hold on 别挂断；等一等；坚持 hold on to 坚守；保留(房屋、财产等)；抓住 hold up 举起，拿起；支撑；拦住，耽搁 ‎⑤I think he held__back some very important information.‎ 我认为他隐瞒了某些非常重要的信息。‎ ‎⑥You should hold__on__to your old house，which will get more valuable in the near future.‎ 不要把你的老房子卖了，很快它还会升值的。‎ ‎[重 点 句 型]‎ ‎1.Which of the events above do__you__think will be the funniest?‎ 你认为上面这些事件中哪一件是最有趣的？‎ do you think在句中作插入语，有类似用法的动词还有：hope，believe，suppose，guess，say，suggest等。常见的句型结构有：‎ ‎(1)特殊疑问词(作主语)＋插入语＋疑问句剩余部分(语序不变)?‎ ‎(2)特殊疑问词＋插入语＋句子其他部分(陈述语序)?‎ ‎(3)I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess，I imagine，I find，I say，I know等也可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。‎ ‎①Which__part__of__this__book__do__you__think is the most interesting?‎ 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？‎ ‎②When__do__you__think I can come and see him tomorrow ‎ afternoon？　‎ 您认为我明天下午什么时间可以来见他？‎ ‎③It is impossible，I__think，that we should finish the job in such a short period of time.‎ 我认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　do you suggest 作插入语时，其后的句子应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。‎ ‎④Where do you suggest we (should)__put (put) these things?‎ 你建议我们把这些物品放在什么地方？‎ ‎2.One__such__person is Billy Crystal.‎ 比利·克里斯托就是这样的一个人。‎ ‎(1)such作形容词，意为“那样的，这样的，如此的”。当它与数词或不定代词one，no，all，some，any，few等连用时，常置于这些词之后 ‎(2)such...as...“像……这样的……”，as在句中引导定语从句 ‎(3)such＋＋that...意为“如此……以至于”‎ ‎(4)such作代词位于句首时，句子须部分倒装，谓语动词的单复数由其后的名词决定 ‎①There is no__such__thing as a genius born with knowledge.世界上不存在所谓生而知之的天才。 ‎ ‎②Kathy is so lovely a girl that we all like to play with her.‎ ‎→Kathy is such__a__lovely__girl__that__we all like to play with her.‎ 凯西是个如此可爱的女孩，我们都愿意和她玩。‎ ‎③They had such a fierce dog as I had never seen.‎ 他们有一条我从未见过的恶狗。‎ ‎④Such is__our__teacher，who is very kind but strict with us.这就是我们的老师，他很和蔼但对我们要求严格。‎ ‎[当 堂 达 标]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.Previous (先前的) career experience is helpful for you to find a new job.‎ ‎2.Once an opportunity is attained (获得)，you should treasure it.‎ ‎3.They dashed (猛冲) into the railway station in order to catch the early train.‎ ‎4.The Chinese government has taken steps to strengthen (增强) the economy.‎ ‎5.She overcame her initial (最初的) shyness and really enjoyed the evening.‎ ‎6.I think our team performed (表现) well in the match yesterday.‎ ‎7.Though your essay is not bad，you’d better polish(润色) it.‎ ‎8.We have affection (喜爱) for the capital of China—Beijing.‎ ‎9.He asked you if you had sent out all the wedding invitations ‎ (请帖).‎ ‎10.It was two weeks before Christmas and the mall was crowded (拥挤的) with shoppers.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.The car is less than a year old，so it is still under guarantee.‎ ‎2.I was amazed that he’d come up with this sweet idea.‎ ‎3.My mother burst into tears when she heard the bad news.‎ ‎4.We grow a variety (various) of crops，including cabbages，wheat and potatoes.‎ ‎5.I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.‎ ‎6.My mother entered the local flower show just for fun and won the first place.‎ ‎7.Your performance (perform) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of learning.‎ ‎8.The old teachers instruct the young teachers not in words but by deeds.‎ ‎9.To our great amusement (amuse)，the teacher sang a funny song in class.‎ ‎10.It’s said that he is an active participant (participate) in the civil rights movement.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1.He held on a branch until we came to his rescue.on后加to ‎2.We went to Disneyland Park last week and we all had a fun.去掉a ‎3.I need someone who can instruct me with my English study.with→in ‎4.Hearing this，the whole class burst out laughter，and my face turned red.out→into或laughter→laughing ‎5.Whoever can come up the answer to the question in a few minutes is allowed to leave.up后加with Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎ ‎1.That sort of thing is different from person to person in African countries.‎ ‎→That sort of thing varies from person to person in African countries.‎ ‎2.The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.‎ ‎→The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.‎ ‎3.On hearing the result of the match，she burst out crying.‎ ‎→On hearing the result of the match，she burst into tears.‎ ‎4.Last spring，I was fortunate to be chosen to join in an exchange study program.‎ ‎→Last spring，I was fortunate to be chosen to take part in an exchange study program.‎ ‎→Last spring，I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program.‎ ‎5.He often entertains himself with his violin in his simple home at weekends.‎ ‎→He often amuses himself by playing the violin in his simple home at weekends.‎ ‎[课 下 作 业]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·福州市高三综合质量检测)My best friend，an optimist，once insisted that I cut her hair.She may have misunderstood my haircutting experience.I had been cutting my own bangs (刘海儿) for years，but otherwise my previous clients (客户) included only a horse and two Barbie dolls.‎ ‎ “Make it short，”my friend told me，perhaps annoyed by the hot weather.I made it short.It was too bad she needed to renew her driver’s license and pose for an updated photo the following week.Even though I apologized，she never asked me for a haircut again.She had learned her lesson.My family has not.‎ ‎ In all the years I have known my husband，he has never visited a barber.When he first asked me to cut his hair，I offered to show him my friend’s driver’s license photo.But he was not discouraged.Fortunately，my task was simple，comparable to mowing a lawn (刈草坪).I have since repeated this procedure more than a hundred times.For our two kids，it has never been that easy.‎ ‎ When our older son was about 9 months old，I decided ‎ it was time for my baby’s first haircut.I put him into his highchair and gave him a toy.But when I held up my scissors，he arched his back and started screaming，clearly convinced he was in a fight for his life.I put down my scissors.It was not time for my baby’s first haircut.For the next year or so，I performed stealth haircuts，walking quietly into my son’s room at night and cutting a few bunches as he slept.‎ As my son grew older and was joined by a little brother，I continued to serve as family barber.My skills improved，but results were mixed.One ill－timed movement could lead to a disastrous result，as I struggled to adjust the rest of a style.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者免费给家人和朋友理发的有趣经历。‎ ‎1.What do we know about the author from Paragraph 1?‎ A.She was quite optimistic. B.She was a green haircutter.‎ C.She had a number of clients. D.She often cut her friends’ hair.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。由第一段可知，在给朋友剪发之前，作者只给自己、一匹马和两个芭比娃娃剪过头发。由此可见，作者是一位不成熟的理发师。]‎ ‎2.How did the author’s friend probably feel after the author cut her hair?‎ A.Guilty. B.Grateful.‎ C.Regretful. D.Admiring.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。由第二段中的“Even though I apologized，she never asked me for a haircut again.She had learned her lesson”可推断，作者给朋友剪完头发后，效果不好，朋友很后悔让作者剪头发。]‎ ‎3.Why did the author offer to show her husband the photo of her friend?‎ A.To show off her work.‎ B.To introduce her friend.‎ C.To recommend a hair－style.‎ D.To warn him of her poor skill.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。由第二段及第三段中的“I offered to show him my friend’s driver’s license photo.But he was not discouraged”可推断，作者给丈夫看朋友驾驶证上的照片是为了警告丈夫她的理发技术很糟糕。]‎ ‎4.While cutting her 9－month－old son’s hair，the author________.‎ A.did great with her husband’s help B.finally managed it by using a toy C.had to give up at the beginning D.convinced her son to cooperate 答案　C　[细节理解题。由第四段中的“when I held up my scissors...I put down my scissors.It was not time for my baby’s first haircut”可知，作者给九个月的儿子理发时，因为儿子反应激烈，作者才拿起剪刀就不得不放弃。 ]‎ B To bring the Olympic spirit to developing nations in the late 1990s，the Olympic Committee allowed a small number of “wild card” athletes to join the Games.But because they didn’t have to go through any qualifying rounds to compete，not all of the competitors arrived prepared.One such athlete was a swimmer from Equatorial Guinea named Eric Moussambani.When Moussambani arrived at the 2000 Sydney Games，he’d only been training for the 100－meter freestyle for about eight months.He’d also never been in an Olympic－size pool and had never raced more than 50 meters.Regardless，he was determined to represent his country.‎ ‎ The three wild－card qualifiers were given their own heat，and Moussambani took to the blocks next to swimmers from Niger and Tajikistan.When the official called the swimmers to their marks，both of Moussambani’s competitors were disqualified for false starts.Left to swim the heat by himself，Moussambani dove in and dog paddled，gasping (吸气) for air and moving his arms and legs.Halfway through the race，the situation looked so serious that commentators seriously worried he was drowning.‎ ‎ When Moussambani finally passed the finish line and ‎ pulled himself from the water，the applause thundered.His final time was 1：52.72—more than twice that of swimmers in the previous heat.But Moussambani couldn’t have been happier.He told reporters，“I’m going to jump and dance all night long in celebration of my personal success.”‎ ‎ Moussambani’s courage and determination made him an Olympic celebrity.He kept training for the 2004 Games and even got his time down to a respectable 57 seconds.Unfortunately，a visa snafu(混乱) kept him from competing again.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是记叙文。20世纪末，为了将奥运精神传递到发展中国家，奥委会允许一小部分不具备参赛资格的运动员凭外卡(wild card)资格参与奥运会。本文讲述了赤道几内亚的游泳选手Eric Moussambani以外卡资格参加奥运会的有趣经历。‎ ‎5.What can we infer about “wild card” athletes?‎ A.They arrive late.‎ B.They are well－prepared.‎ C.They are the best athletes.‎ D.They are unqualified athletes.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。由第一段中的“But because they didn’t have to go through any qualifying rounds to compete，not all of the competitors arrived prepared”可推断，外卡运动员实际上不具备参赛资格。]‎ ‎6.How did Moussambani do in the race?‎ A.He lost in the heat.‎ B.He failed at the beginning.‎ C.He swam unprofessionally.‎ D.He disappointed everyone.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。由第二段中的“Moussambani dove in and dog paddled，gasping for air and moving his arms and legs...he was drowning”可知，Moussambani在比赛中采用狗爬式游泳，看起来像是要溺水了。由此可见，他的表现很不专业。]‎ ‎7.How did Moussambani feel after finishing the race?‎ A.Pretty calm. B.Quite ashamed.‎ C.Very disappointed. D.Extremely excited.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。由第三段末的“Moussambani couldn’t have been happier.He told reporters，‘I’m going to jump and dance all night long in celebration of my personal success.’”可推断，比赛结束后Moussambani感到非常兴奋。]‎ ‎8.Which words can best describe Moussambani?‎ A.Smart and flexible. B.Patient and careful.‎ C.Brave and determined. D.Optimistic and modest.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。由Moussambani参加比赛的经历及最后一段开头的“Moussambani’s courage and determination”可知，Moussambani既勇敢又坚决。]‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·重庆八校联考)This is a story about a student，who kept a diary filled with private memories.Some were __1__ memories from childhood when he felt hurt，confused，lonely and insecure.He had __2__‎ ‎ fragments(片段)of dreams and personal __3__ of anger and hatred，as well as things he __4__ such as magic shops，coin dealers and Christmas reunion.‎ Then a __5__ thing happened.After dinner one night he realized that he had __6__ his diary in the dining hall outside the campus.He was afraid that someone might __7__ it and find out the truth about him，so he __8__ back from the campus，only to find that it was gone.‎ Weeks passed，and eventually he gave up the __9__ of ever finding it again.A month later，he was hanging up his jacket in the same place __10__ he saw his old brown diary，just where he had left it.__11__ he flicked(快速浏览) through the pages and found that a stranger had written this entry：“God bless you.I am a lot like you，only I don’t keep a diary.I am __12__ to know there are others like me.I hope things __13__ well for you.”‎ Tears came to his eyes.He had never __14__ that someone could know his inner feelings and also feel things just like the __15__ he did.‎ So whether you are rich or poor，brilliant or __16__，attractive or plain，there are people like you.One of the most deadly __17__ we have is that we are not satisfying others.Perhaps you feel you won’t impress others __18__ they are more confident，successful，intelligent or attractive than you.Such __19__ is misguided.Get rid of your ‎ fears of not measuring up，and __20__ yourself as you are.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个爱记日记的学生丢了日记本后又重新找回的故事。启迪读者：接受自己，做好自己，抛开担心没有达到别人要求的想法。‎ ‎1.A.false B.valuable ‎ C.painful D.pleasant 答案　C　[根据空后的“felt hurt，confused，lonely and insecure”可知，一些记忆是痛苦的(painful)。]‎ ‎2.A.described B.copied ‎ C.proved D.reported 答案　A　[根据上文的“who kept a diary filled with private memories”可知，主人公在日记里描述(described)了生活的种种片段。]‎ ‎3.A.secrets B.feelings C.belongings D.experiments 答案　B　[根据“anger”和“hatred”可知，这些都属于个人的情感(feelings)。]‎ ‎4.A.studied B.enjoyed C.hated D.misunderstood 答案　B　[根据“such as magic shops，coin dealers and Christmas reunion”可知，这些都是主人公喜欢做的事情，与上文的“anger and hatred”形成对比。enjoy“享受……的乐趣，喜爱”。]‎ ‎5.A.terrible B.common ‎ C.moving D.strange 答案　A　[根据下文可知，主人公不小心丢了日记本，这是一件很可怕的(terrible)事，有泄露自己隐私的危险，与下文的“afraid”呼应。]‎ ‎6.A.left B.brought ‎ C.stored D.opened 答案　A　[根据语境可知，主人公把日记本落在学校外的餐厅了。leave“忘了带，丢下”。]‎ ‎7.A.read B.sell ‎ C.steal D.destroy 答案　A　[主人公担心日记本被人捡到后可能会被翻阅。read“阅读”。]‎ ‎8.A.looked B.jumped C.rushed D.wandered 答案　C　[主人公因为担心，所以急着回去找。rush“迅速移动，急促”。]‎ ‎9.A.belief B.hope ‎ C.life D.habit 答案　B　[根据“Weeks passed，and eventually he gave up”可知，过了好几周，并没有结果，因此主人公放弃了找到日记本的希望。]‎ ‎10.A.which B.while ‎ C.where D.when 答案　D　[根据固定搭配“be doing...when...”可知。]‎ ‎11.A.Patiently B.Nervously C.Calmly D.Unwillingly 答案　B　[主人公意外发现了丢失的日记本，之前担心别人翻看的紧张再次袭来。nervously“紧张地”。]‎ ‎12.A.unaware B.sorry C.grateful D.disappointed 答案　C　[根据“I am a lot like you”可知，陌生人了解到主人公和自己很像后，充满感激之情。]‎ ‎13.A.work out B.take off C.turn over D.give up 答案　A　[结合语境可知，陌生人希望主人公一切都好。work out意为“成功地发展，产生结果”。]‎ ‎14.A.expected B.seen C.promised D.explained 答案　A　[根据“someone could know his inner feelings”可推知，主人公从来没有期望(expected)有人能了解自己的内心情感。]‎ ‎15.A.theory B.means ‎ C.way D.method 答案　C　[此处指“感受事物的方式和他一样”，way意为“方式”。]‎ ‎16.A.humorous B.average C.lazy D.generous 答案　B　[根据“rich or poor”“attractive or plain”可知，此处表示与brilliant相反的概念，故选B。average“普通的”。]‎ ‎17.A.fears B.weaknesses C.diseases D.efforts 答案　A　[根据“we are not satisfying others”可知，此处指每个人都有的担心。下文的“Get rid of your fears”是提示。]‎ ‎18.A.until B.so ‎ C.although D.because 答案　D　[结合语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的因果关系，故用连词because。]‎ ‎19.A.finding B.practise ‎ C.thinking D.rule 答案　C　[此处表示之前的想法(thinking)是不对的。]‎ ‎20.A.amuse B.accept ‎ C.improve D.treat 答案　B　[根据语境可知，此处表示接受原本的自己，不必去担忧没有达到要求。]‎