2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit5Travellingabroad单元学案（32页word版） 32页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修七Unit 5 Travelling abroad单元学案 ‎【一】单元基础词汇语法搜索 Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． n．祖国 ‎2． n．& vi. 演讲；讲课 ‎3． n. 资格；资历 ‎4． n. 准备；预备 ‎5． vt. 推荐；建议 ‎6． n. 店主 ‎7． n．& vt. 舒适；安慰 motherland lecture qualification preparation recommend shopkeeper comfort ‎8． n. 代替者；代用品 ‎　　　vt. 用……代替……‎ ‎9． n. 需要；要求 ‎10． vt. 承认；确认；答谢 ‎11． vt. 占用；占领；占据 ‎12． n. 事业；事业心 ‎13． n. 道歉，谢罪 ‎14． n. 代理人；经纪人 ‎15． adj. 丰富的；充裕的 ‎16． vt.& vi. 统治；支配；管理 ‎17． n. 目的地 substitute requirement acknowledge occupy enterprise apology agent abundant govern destination Ⅱ.重要短语扫描 ‎1．adjust 适应；调节 ‎2．fit 相适应；相融和 ‎3．be with 忙着做……；忙于某事物 ‎4．out of the 不可能的；不值得讨论的 ‎5．apply 申请 ‎6．take 从事，占……‎ ‎7．keep it 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去 to in occupied question for ‎ up up ‎8．as far as one is 就……而言 ‎9．day in and day 日复一日 ‎10．in the of 在……陪伴下 ‎11．settle (迁入新居、更换工作后)安顿下来 concerned out company in Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.‎ ‎[信息提取]　be occupied with忙碌于，全神贯注于。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我忙于办公室工作，很少有时间做家务活。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________and have little time for housework.‎ ‎【答案】　I’m fully occupied with my office work ‎2．Besides，as far he was concerned，what other people thought was not the most important thing.‎ ‎[信息提取]　as far as one is concerned就……而言。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　就我而言，在国外学习结束后你该回来。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you should come back after you finish your study abroad.‎ ‎【答案】　As far as I’m concerned ‎3．We wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.‎ ‎[信息提取]　wish sb.sth.祝某人……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我祝你走运！‎ I________ ________ ________ ________ ________！‎ ‎【答案】　wish you a good luck ‎4．It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.‎ ‎[信息提取]　It is the first time that...某人第一次做某事。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　这是我第一次在公开场合发言。‎ It’s the first time (that) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　I have spoken in public recommend vt. ‎ ‎(1)推荐；举荐；介绍 ‎①I recommend the book to all my students.‎ 我向我所有的学生推荐这本书。‎ ‎②I recommend her as your secretary.我推荐她当你的秘书。‎ ‎(2)劝告，建议 ‎③He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.‎ 他建议先看这本书，再去看这部电影。‎ ‎④The doctor recommended his patient to go out for a walk.‎ 医生建议他的病人出去散散步。‎ ‎⑤The teacher recommended that everyone (should) take an active part in the English party.‎ 老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。‎ ‎1．(2009年浙江卷)The doctor recommended that you______swim after eating a large meal.‎ A．wouldn’t 　　　　　　 B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t ‎【解析】　 句意为：医生建议你不应该在饱餐之后游泳。recommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should)＋do”，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎2．The old man should listen to the doctor’s recommendation that he________in bed.‎ A．stay B．stays C．stayed D．staying ‎【解析】　recommendation后的同位语从句要求用should＋动词原形，表虚拟语气，其中should可省略。句意为：这位老人应该听从医生的建议不要下床。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎3．He said he would________me to Professor Mcrae as his postgraduate student.‎ A．comment B．suggest C．command D．recommend ‎【解析】　考查动词辨析。comment注释，评论；suggest建议；command命令，指挥；recommend推荐，介绍。句意为：……他将把我介绍给Mcrae教授作他的研究生。‎ ‎【答案】　D comfort ‎ ‎(1)vt.安慰；慰藉 They tried to comfort her，but what could they say?‎ 他们试图安慰他，但又不知说什么好。‎ I tried to comfort Jone after her mother’s death.‎ 琼的母亲去世以后我尽力劝慰她。‎ ‎(2)[U] 安逸；舒适 He had to save enough money so that he could live in comfort.‎ 他得存足够的钱，以便能过上舒适的生活。‎ His kindness gave her much comfort.‎ 他的好心给了她很大的慰藉。‎ ‎(3)[C] 使人得到慰藉的人或物 She was a great comfort to her old father.‎ 她是她老爸的一大慰藉。‎ It’s a comfort to be with you.和你在一起很是快慰。‎ comfortable adj.舒适的，使人舒服的 a warm comfortable house温暖舒适的房子 These new shoes are very comfortable.这些新鞋很舒服。‎ ‎4．—This house looks beautiful，doesn’t it?‎ ‎—Well，I’d rather have a house________to look，but________to live in.‎ A．not beautiful；most comfortable B．less beautiful；more comfortable C．less beautiful；most comfortable D．beautiful；comfortable ‎【解析】　形容词。注意but这一转折连词的作用，第一句话说明的是beautiful，那么此处有would rather表示自己的爱好。句意为“我喜欢的房子宁可不那么漂亮，但要住起来舒适”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎5．For some people，traveling abroad is the thing they enjoy most in life；for others，though，cultural differences make them feel________.‎ A．calm B．comfortable C．excited D．uncomfortable ‎【解析】　本句话的意思为“对一些人来说，到国外旅游是他们一生最大的享受，但对另一些人来说，文化的差异使他们感到很不舒服”。注意though所起的转折作用。‎ ‎【答案】　D acknowledge ‎ ‎(1)vt.承认；认为 ‎①Do you acknowledge that you’ve been wrong?‎ 你承不承认你错了？‎ ‎②It is she who wants to acknowledge you as her daughter.‎ 正是她想承认你是她的女儿。‎ ‎③He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.‎ 普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。‎ ‎④She acknowledged having been defeated.她承认输了。‎ ‎(2)vt.告知收到，致谢 ‎⑤Did you acknowledge his letter?‎ 你有没有告诉他，来信已收到？‎ ‎⑥She acknowledged his help in her letter.‎ 她在信中对他的帮助表示谢意。‎ ‎6．We________with thanks your timely aid when we were in trouble.‎ A．attributed B．knowledge C．acknowledged D．promised ‎【答案】　C requirement n．要求，必要条件，需要 meet/satisfy one’s requirement 满足/达到要求 Your requirements are not difficult to meet.‎ 你的要求不难达到。‎ I can’t meet your requirements.我无法满足你的需求。‎ require vt.需要 require 后可接that从句，从句中要用虚拟语气，即：‎ should＋v.，should可省略。‎ require doing/to be done需要做 require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 This suggestion will require careful thought.‎ 这建议需要仔细考虑。‎ This wall requires repairing/to be repaired.‎ 这面墙需要修理了。‎ The situation required that we (should) make an immediate decision.当时的情况需要我们立刻作出决定。‎ All the members are required to attend the meeting.‎ 要求会员们都要出席这次会议。‎ ‎7．(2009年石家庄检测一)It is required that the students________mobile phones in their school，so seldom________them using one.‎ A．not use；will you see ‎ B．should not use；you will see C．don’t use；will you see ‎ D．not use；you will see ‎【解析】　考查虚拟语气和倒装。前半句是虚拟语气，即“require＋主语＋(should)＋do sth.”，not use前省略了should；seldom本身表示否定含义，位于句首时句子需要倒装。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎8．(2005年上海卷)________in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.‎ A．What is required B．What requires C．It is required D．It requires ‎【解析】　本题考查句型：It is required that...(should) do...。A、B项形式上为主语从句，其后的that前应加is，且B项应用被动语态。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎9．—My watch has been losing time for the past week.‎ ‎—It probably requires________.‎ A．cleaning B．to clean C．being cleaned D．cleaned ‎【答案】　A occupy vt.‎ ‎(1)占据，占用，占领 occupy one’s mind/thoughts/attention 占据某人的头脑/思想/注意力 He now occupies an important position in the government.‎ 现在他在政府机关中位居要职。‎ The big table occupies too much room.‎ 这张大桌子占了太多的地方。‎ Many strange ideas occupied his mind.‎ 他满脑子都是奇异的想法。 ‎ ‎(2)使忙碌，使从事 她忙于照料三个小孩儿。‎ I occupied myself in writing letters.我忙于写信。‎ ‎10．(2009年江苏盐城模拟)________herself with routine office asks，she had no time to attend to her children.‎ A．Occupying B．Occupied C．Being occupied D．To be occupied ‎【解析】　occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事，在句中occupy与主语she之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎11．Fully________in looking after three children at home，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.‎ A．attached B．occupied C．burdened D．prepared ‎【解析】　(be)occupied in忙碌于；(be)burdened with负担。句意为：忙于在家照顾三个孩子，她不再有时间参加俱乐部的各种活动。‎ ‎【答案】　B get/be used to 对……适应，习惯 become/get /be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于干某事 He was not used to Japanese dishes.‎ 他当时不习惯吃日本菜。‎ I’m used to the cold weather here.‎ 我已经习惯了这里的寒冷天气了。‎ In the end，the workers became used to doing hard work.‎ 最后，工人们终于习惯于干苦活了。‎ 辨析：used to，be/get/become used to与be used to do ‎(1)used to是情态动词，意为“过去常常”，to是不定式符号。‎ My father used to go fishing on Sundays.‎ 我父亲过去常在星期天去钓鱼。‎ ‎(2)be/become/get used to意为“习惯于”，to是介词，其后接名词或动词ing形式。‎ I’m not used to being treated like this.‎ 我不习惯被这样对待。‎ ‎(3)be used to do表示“被用来做……”，是use sth.to do的被动语态。‎ Coal is used to keep people warm in winter in this area.‎ 这里的人们冬天用煤来取暖。‎ ‎12．(2009年湖南衡阳模拟)In face of challenge for the moment，it’s the most important to________a good state of health.‎ A．keep away B．keep up C．keep on D．keep in ‎【解析】　句意为：面对目前的挑战，最重要的是保持良好的身体状态。keep away避开；keep up保持，维持；keep on继续进行；keep in抑制，使不外出。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎13．In my opinion，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than________.‎ A．that used to be B．it is used to C．it was used to D．it used to be ‎【解析】　表示“过去常常……”用used to do...，并且本题be不能省略。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎14．I________to be quite afraid to live in that city，but now I have________to the life there.‎ A．used；been used ‎ B．used；used C．was used；got used ‎ D．got used；been used ‎【解析】　考查短语辨析。used to do过去常常；be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于……；be used to do sth.(＝be used for doing sth.)被用来干某事。由句意“我过去不敢住在那座城市里，但现在我已经习惯了那里的生活了”，此题选A项。‎ ‎【答案】　A It was the first time she had ever left her motherland. 这是她第一次离开她的祖国。‎ It/This/That was the first/second...time that从句(过去完成时)‎ It is the first time that an AfricanAmerican has been elected the president of the United States.‎ 这是第一次一位非裔美国人被选为美国总统。‎ It was the third time (that) he had been ill that year.‎ 那是他那年第三次生病了。‎ ‎(1)与the first time一样可用做连词的常见词(组)有：the moment，the minute，the instant，directly，instantly，immediately，the＋序数词＋time，each time，every time等。‎ ‎(2)It’s (high) time that sb.did sth.到了某人做某事的时候了 It’s (high) time that sb.should do sth.‎ 到某人应该做某事的时候了。‎ The first time I saw the dress，I decided to buy it.‎ 第一次看见这件连衣裙我就决定买它了。‎ It’s (high) time that we did something to stop pollution.‎ 该是我们做些什么制止污染的时候了。‎ ‎15．I thought her nice and honest________I met her.‎ A．first time B．for the first time C．the first time D．by the first time ‎【解析】　句意为：我第一次遇到她的时候认为她既漂亮又诚实。the first time引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次……的时候”。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎16．—It’s the second time that I________to Shanghai.‎ ‎—What great changes！It’s ten years since I________it last time.‎ A．have been；left B．had been；left C．am；had left D．come；had left ‎【解析】　在表时间的句式It be＋time＋since从句中出现了时间状语last time，故从句应用一般过去时，排除C、D两项，结合It be＋the＋序数词＋time (that)从句时态特殊要求，可知A项为最佳选项。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎17．It’s high time the government________measures to help the graduates.‎ A．takes B．took C．will take D．has taken ‎【解析】　考查虚拟语气。句式It be (about/high) time接从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去式，或should＋动词原形形式。‎ ‎【答案】　B Besides，as far as he was concerned，what other people thought was not the most important thing. ‎ 此外，他认为别人的想法并不是最重要的。‎ ‎(1)besides ‎①adv.而且，此外，相当于what’s more，in addition。‎ The coat is too expensive.Besides，I don’t like the colour of it.‎ 这件外套太贵，而且我不喜欢它的颜色。 ‎ It’s too late to go out now.Besides，it’s beginning to rain.‎ 现在出去太晚了，而且开始下雨了。‎ She is still young and beautiful besides.‎ 她仍然年轻而且漂亮。‎ ‎②besides还可用做介词，作“除……以外还有”解，相当于as well as。‎ There was another visitor besides me.‎ 除了我之外，还有一位游客。‎ Besides being a scholar，he was a famous writer.‎ 他除了是位学者之外，还是位有名的作家。‎ ‎(2)as/so far as sb./sth.is concerned 就……而言；就……来说 As far as I am concerned，I cannot object to your marriage.‎ 就我个人而言，我不反对你们的婚事。‎ The car is good as far as the engine is concerned.‎ 就发动机而言，这种车非常好。‎ as/so far as 尽……；就……而论；只就……说 As/So far as I know，he has gone to town.‎ 就我所知，他到镇上去了。‎ As/So far as I can see，that’s high unlikely.‎ 依我看，那是极不可能的。‎ His parents supported him as far as they could.‎ 他的父母竭尽全力养育他。 ‎ ‎18．(2007年全国卷Ⅱ)Some people choose jobs for other reasons________money these days.‎ A．for B．except C．besides D．with ‎【解析】　考查考生对介词的理解，根据句意“在如今，人们选择工作除了钱还有其他原因”，表示“除了”，只有except与besides有此意。except为排除在外、不包括，而besides为包括在内，故用besides。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎19．(2004年全国卷)I don’t mind picking up your things from the store.________，the walk will do me good.‎ A．Sooner or later B．Still C．In time D．Besides ‎【解析】　besides副词，意为“况且，再说”。该句意为“我很乐意去商店把你的东西取回来。再说走一走对我自己也有好处”。根据题意，D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎20．________I can see，there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.‎ A．As long as B．As far as C．Just as D．Even if ‎【解析】　逗号前后并非表示条件、让步关系，也不是用来加强语气。应用as far as I can see来缓和语气，表示“在我看来，只有一种可能脱离危险的办法”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎21．________you can do what you like.‎ A．As long as I’m concerned B．As far as I’m concerned C．As far as I’m concerning D．As soon as I’m concerned ‎【解析】　本题考查了固定短语的用法。此句可译为：就我而言，你可以做你所喜欢做的。as far as one in concerned是固定短语，也可写成so far as one is concerned，表示“就……而言”。‎ ‎【答案】　B Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．He said he would________(推荐) me to Professor Wang as his student.‎ ‎【答案】　recommend ‎2．The teacher’s words of love and help________(安慰) the boy who had just failed in the examination.‎ ‎【答案】　comforted ‎3．The products made in the factory did not meet all the ________(要求) set by the government.‎ ‎【答案】　requirements ‎4．I don’t understand why he refused to________(承认) that he had been defeated.‎ ‎【答案】　acknowledge ‎5．When I arrived I saw the seats were already________(占) by others.‎ ‎【答案】　occupied Ⅱ.选词填空 settle in；fit in with；adjust to；keep it up；recommend ‎1．After arriving in New York，he can’t__________________living on his own.‎ ‎【答案】　adjust to ‎2．Please__________________and you will succeed in time.‎ ‎【答案】　keep it up ‎3．People like to______________________the place where food and water are abundant.‎ ‎【答案】　settle in ‎4．It is__________that the project should not be started until all the preparations have been made.‎ ‎【答案】　recommended ‎5．As far as I know，he doesn’t____________________the rest of the class.‎ ‎【答案】　fit in with Ⅲ.巧思妙解 ‎1．—Why are you looking so pale?‎ ‎—I________the garden.‎ A．have cleaned B．have been cleaning C．cleaned D．was cleaning ‎【解析】　此处用现在完成进行时表示“动作一直在进行”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．—I’ll have to clean our classroom this afternoon.‎ ‎—But I________it.‎ A．have cleaned B．have been cleaning C．cleaned D．am cleaning ‎【解析】　此句用现在完成时表示“我已打扫了教室”，动作已经完成。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎3．I________for three hours when I suddenly became sick.‎ A．had been working B．would work C．have worked D．am working ‎【解析】　句意为：我一直工作了三个小时，这时我突然觉得不舒服。此处要用过去完成进行时表示到过去某个时间为止一直持续的状态。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎4．—Why do you look so tired?‎ ‎—I________a report on how to ensure the safety of miners.‎ A．writing B．have been writing C．have written D．had written ‎【解析】　此句中要用现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的状态。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎5．—Well，that was really a good meal.I________you were a really good cook.‎ ‎—Thank you.‎ A．didn’t know B．don’t know C．haven’t known D．hadn’t known ‎【解析】　“不知道”是对话之前的动作，表示过去。句意为：那顿饭真不错。我以前不知道(现在知道了)你的确是位好厨师。‎ ‎【答案】　A Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—定语从句 ‎1．(2009年北京市东城区高三教学目标检测)A huge amount of oil was spilt on the road，the effects of________are still being left.‎ A．it B．that C．which D．whom ‎【解析】　考查定语从句。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词是整个主句，应该用which。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．(2009年南通市高三第一次调研测试)She may have missed the train，________she won’t arrive for another hour.‎ A．in which case B．in her case C．in any case D．in that case ‎【解析】　考查定语从句。这是一个非限制性定语从句，所以要用in which case。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎3．The position，however，________you are applying，is not quite a wellpaid one.‎ A．that B．which C．for which D．to which ‎【解析】　考查定语从句。语境：然而，你申请的这个职位薪俸并不算(十分)优厚。however作为插入成分，容易使考生出错。其实，本句可拆分为“You are applying for the position.”和“The position is not quite a wellpaid one.”两个句子，故关系代词which作apply for的宾语。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．Bill Gates has created a wonderful “window” ________people can surf the Internet freely.‎ A．that B．which C．where D．when ‎【解析】　考查定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的辨析。先行词为a wonderful “window”，连接词在从句中作地点状语，因此应用关系副词where。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎5．(2009年南京市高三年级质量调研)Bungee jumping is an adventurous sport，popular with young adults，________courage matters more than strength.‎ A．whose B．that C．of which D．where ‎【解析】　本题考查非限制性定语从句。后半部分的正常语序是“courage matters more than strength in the sport”。‎ ‎【答案】　D 单元知识链接高考题型 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·烟台诊断)‎ After a long winter, spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring London's green spaces.‎ ‎1．Explore London's parks and gardens Springtime is the perfect time to explore London's parks and gardens, when the city's Royal Parks will be blooming with flowers. Go and admire the rainbow of azaleas (杜鹃花) at Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St. James's Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.‎ ‎2．Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivals There are a good many festivals and events held in London throughout spring. Make the most of the cultural exhibitions at the British Library Spring Festival, the Sundance Film Festival or the London Literature Festival; head to Shakespeare's Globe, which hosts openair Shakespeare performances from late April until early October.‎ ‎3．Get active Warmer weather means there's no excuse for staying indoors, so go for a walking or cycling tour of London. Alternatively, walk the Thames Walkway, which follows the river all the way from central London into the countryside; make the most of London's “Boris Bikes”， which are available for hire all around the city and are free of charge for the first half hour. If you're really looking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April.‎ ‎4．Take to the waters Whether cruising (航行) along the Thames River, hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or riding a canal boat around Little Venice, there are lots of fun ways to get on the water in London. Held every year since 1829, the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race allows teams from England's most famous universities to compete against each other, and draws huge crowds of watching people.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作者介绍了四种在伦敦享受春光的方式。‎ ‎1．If you are interested in British culture, you are advised to ________.‎ A．visit Richmond Park B．row a boat in Hyde Park C．attend the London Festivals D．walk the Thames Walkway 解析：C　细节理解题。根据Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivals部分可知，伦敦春季有许多节日和活动，如“the cultural exhibitions (文化展览)”，“the London Literature Festival (伦敦文学节)”等，这些活动及节日与英国文化有关。故选C项。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?‎ A．You can see Buckingham Palace from St. James's Park.‎ B．London's Boris Bikes are free to use for a whole day.‎ C．Outdoor Shakespeare performances are held only in spring.‎ D．The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race has a history of over 200 years.‎ 解析：A　细节理解题。根据Explore London's parks and gardens部分最后一句．.. or hire a deckchair in St. James's Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.可知，在圣詹姆斯公园租一个折叠躺椅，看着白金汉宫，即能从圣詹姆斯公园看见白金汉宫。故选A项。‎ ‎3．According to the writer, which of the following activities challenges you most?‎ A．Watching Boat Race.‎ B．Joining in London Marathon.‎ C．Cruising along the Thames River.‎ D．Cycling around London.‎ 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Get active部分最后一句If you're really looking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April.可知，如果你真的想要挑战一下，就报名参加每年四月举办的著名的伦敦马拉松。故选B项。‎ ‎4．The writer wrote the text in order to ________.‎ A．introduce tourist attractions in London B．stress the importance of exploring London C．suggest ways to enjoy spring in London D．show the beauty of spring in London 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段“...spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring London's green spaces.”可知，春天是在伦敦观光和踏青的理想时间，下文介绍了具体的活动方式。因此，本文的写作目的是推荐一些在伦敦享受春光的方式。故选C项。‎ B ‎(2018·重庆一模)‎ The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants (后代) in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feel up in the Andes Mountains. (That's higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.‎ People eat potatoes in many ways—baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fastfood chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.‎ Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants, it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests ‎ and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.‎ Before shipping, every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems.‎ So, now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了土豆被引进美国的历史及炸薯条在美国食物产业中举足轻重的地位。‎ ‎5．Potatoes in North America came directly from ________.‎ A．Chile　　　　　　　‎ B．Europe C．Ecuador ‎ D．the Andes Mountains 解析：B　细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句“Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.”可知，北美最早的土豆来自欧洲。故选B项。‎ ‎6．Why does the company pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?‎ A．Because selling fries is a big business.‎ B．Because fries are not easy to prepare at all.‎ C．Because Americans are particular about fries.‎ D．Because the government has a strict rule for that.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段的“One fastfood chain alone sells more than $ 1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.”可知，在美国，炸薯条是个很大的行业，所以会被特殊关注。故选A项。‎ ‎7．In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ________.‎ A．small potatoes cannot be used for fries B．potatoes are really important for Americans C．eating in America is the very first thing D．fries are really important for food industry 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容“this part of the food industry is no ‘small potatoes’”可知，在美国，炸薯条在食品产业中不是“小土豆”(无足轻重的东西)，由此可推测，炸薯条在食品产业占有重要的地位。故选D项。‎ ‎8．What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A．The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.‎ B．French fries are made from potatoes.‎ C．Potatoes are a key vegetable in America.‎ D．The various terms for potatoes have a long history.‎ 解析：C　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在美国，土豆可以有多种吃法，尤其是炸薯条，深受人们的欢迎，也因此带来了强大的商业利润，在食品产业中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美国土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故选C项。‎ C ‎(2018·广东佛山市检测)‎ The times are changing. On Thursday October 13th, singersongwriter Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, marking the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician, and giving rise to heated discussions.‎ The 75yearold won the prize “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”， the Swedish Academy said.‎ ‎“For 54 years he has been at it, reinventing himself，” said Sara Danius, the academy's permanent secretary. “Bob Dylan writes poetry for the ear. But it's perfectly fine to read his works as poetry.”‎ And while many Dylan's fans have found great delight at the news，others online and in the literary community are cross with the Committee, saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year.‎ New York Times Book Review editor Pamela Paul said it was good news but pointed out how many “deserving” novelists there are.‎ Director Martin Scorsese put out a statement saying he was “overjoyed” that Dylan was awarded the prize.‎ ‎“Dylan's poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world，” Scorsese said. “His work has influenced and shaped culture, and he has never stopped exploring and growing as an artist. The Nobel Committee has given Dylan a form of recognition that fits his role in our culture—in world culture.”‎ Dylan won a Pulitzer Prize in 2008 for his “great influence on popular music and American culture”. He's the first American to win the ‎ literary Nobel since Toni Morrison in 1993.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作为一名歌手，鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖的消息让很多人大感意外，从而引发热议。‎ ‎9．Why does Bob Dylan's winning the Nobel Prize cause heated discussions?‎ A．He created poetic expressions.‎ B．He is known as a musician.‎ C．He reinvents himself.‎ D．He is 75 years old.‎ 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... marking the first time the highlyeyedon literary award has gone to someone who is mainly seen as a musician...”可知，正是因为鲍勃·迪伦是一位歌手，所以获得诺贝尔文学奖才引发热议。故选B项。‎ ‎10．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Are thankful to.‎ B．Are satisfied with.‎ C．Are angry with. ‎ D．Are worried about.‎ 解析：C　词义猜测题。第四段开头的“And while many Dylan's fans have found great delight at the news”中“while”表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，所以后面的“others online and in the literary community are cross with the Committee”中的“are cross with”与“found great delight”意思应该相反。再根据最后的“saying the award has skipped over fiction writers for the second year”可判断，are cross with应表示“对……生气”，而不是D项中的“担心……”。故选C项。‎ ‎11．What can we know about Dylan according to Martin Scorsese?‎ A．Dylan influences Martin a lot.‎ B．Dylan is happy with the award.‎ C．Dylan is a poet rather than a musician.‎ D．Dylan benefits a lot from world culture.‎ 解析：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Dylan's poetry, his musical genius, has meant so much to me personally and to generations of people around the world”可知，鲍勃·迪伦对他影响很大。故选A项。‎ ‎12．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．A brief introduction to Bob Dylan.‎ B．The reason for Bob Dylan's success.‎ C．Bob Dylan's influence on American culture.‎ D．Different views on Bob Dylan's winning the Nobel Prize.‎ 解析：D　主旨大意题。文章开头就点明了鲍勃·迪伦获得诺贝尔文学奖引起了热议，接着说明了不同的人对此事的不同态度。故选D项。‎ D ‎(2018·辽宁大连双基测试)‎ Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell. But some buttons are actually fake (假的), like the “close” button on a lift.‎ Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don't have the patience to wait. But lifts' “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.‎ It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely. Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the doorclosing process if they have special keys.‎ But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren't completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.‎ ‎“A sense of control is very important. It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，” said Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor at Harvard University. Experts also added that a lot of buttons that don't do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.‎ For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don't live up to their names either. Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computercontrolled traffic signals were introduced.‎ But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。‎ ‎13．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To describe different fake buttons.‎ B．To explore the functions of fake buttons.‎ C．To analyze various habits of pushing buttons.‎ D．To explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.‎ 解析：‎ B　推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。‎ ‎14．What can we learn about the “close” buttons on a lift in America?‎ A．They work when people press them hard.‎ B．They were designed for a sense of control.‎ C．They never speed up the doorclosing process.‎ D．They take the safety of the disabled into account.‎ 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“...making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.”可知，美国电梯里的“关闭”按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。‎ ‎15．What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?‎ A．They can make people feel better.‎ B．They help computers work faster.‎ C．They can control the traffic signals.‎ D．They help pedestrians cross safely.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.”和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don't live up to their names either.”可知，人行横道按钮也没有实现其功能，但可以让人们感觉好一点，故选A。‎ ‎16．Which may be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Buttons in the USA B．Buttons Always Lie C．Buttons May Not Work D．“Close” Buttons on Lifts 解析：C　标题判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了有些按钮只是形式上的，而不具备真正的实际功能。故C项“按钮可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·辽宁大连双基测试)‎ Of all the things that can be stolen from you—your possessions, your youth, your health, your words, your rights—what no one can ever take from you is... ‎ ‎●How you feel about yourself.‎ It takes a long time to learn how to NOT judge yourself through someone else's eyes. __1__.‎ ‎●Your attitude towards life.‎ The last of your freedoms is to choose your attitude in any given circumstance. Choose to be happy and positive. It is not always easy to ‎ find happiness in ourselves, but it is always impossible to find it elsewhere. __2__.‎ ‎●__3__.‎ The measure of your life will not be in what you accumulate, but in what you give away. And 99 percent of the time you get what you put in, so give freely. If you want to be happy, make those around you happy.‎ ‎●Your knowledge and life experiences.‎ Character and wisdom are formed over time. __4__. Your best stories will come from overcoming your greatest struggles. So keep standing, keep learning, and keep living.‎ ‎●Your choice to move on enthusiastically.‎ ‎__5__. Don't let someone or something that didn't make it in your life continue to hurt you. Learn the lesson, forget the pain, and move on.‎ A．Your attitude towards yourself B．Your ability to spread love and kindness C．They come with loss, lessons, and successes D．But once you do, the world is yours for the taking E．So smile all the way and walk away from negative people F．Don't let past relationships and old mistakes ruin your future G．Holding your uniqueness in high regard is necessary to success ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了五种任何人从你身上都拿不走的东西。‎ ‎1．解析：D　根据本段主题句“How you feel about yourself”可知，本段主要阐述“人们对自我的一个测评(认知)”；空前说“学会不用他人的眼光来看自己需要很长时间”，紧接着空处应起承上作用，故选D，表示“但是你一旦这么做了，世界都随之属于你”。‎ ‎2．解析：E　根据本段主题句“Your attitude towards life”可知，本段主要阐述“你对生活的态度”，结合空前一句可知，选E项“一直微笑并远离那些消极的人”。‎ ‎3．解析：B　此处为本段的主题句。根据下文内容“生活的长度不在于你拥有多少，而在于你给予他人多少”可推出，本段的中心是“你传递爱与善良的能力”。故选B。‎ ‎4．解析：C　此处选上下文衔接句。空前讲“你的品质和智慧都是随着时间的变化而形成的”，空后说“克服最大的挑战你就会过得精彩”，由此可推断出，空处选C项“它们的形成伴随着失败、教训及成功”，起承上启下的作用。‎ ‎5．解析：F　根据本段主题句和下文“Don't let... Learn the lesson, forget the pain, and move on”可推断，空处选F项“不要让过去的关系和错误毁掉你的未来”。‎