高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题二七选五第一节四大解题技巧 6页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 第一节 四大解题技巧 一、扫读全文，确定关键词 (2017·全国Ⅰ) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill-cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.37.(C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.) We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning. I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.38.(A.This time there was no tent.) Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39．(F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.) We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40．(E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.) It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 D 解析 扫读全文可知本文是一篇记叙文，关键词是露营(camping)。根据前文可知三年前作者 认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该 出现转变。D选项中的 however 表示转折，且 since then“自从那时候起”和前文时间吻合。 故选 D。 点津 七选五是一篇短文，因此多数阅读技巧对此适用。扫读全文，尤其是首尾段、首尾句 以及独立成段的句子和文章中带转折词的句子等，目的是找出主题词并掌握文章的主要内容。 正确答案往往与主题词有高度的重合性：“形似、意似”。 (2016·全国Ⅰ) Secret codes(密码) keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.36.(D.As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.) Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography.37.(E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.) For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38．(G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.)You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.39.(F.With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.) For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 codes must be changed frequently. A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案 A 解析 扫读全文可知本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了密码(code)在生活中的作用及密码学 (cryptography)的三种主要类型。分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，且与下句构成转折， 由此可锁定 A项为正确答案。 二、语意判断 (2017·全国Ⅰ，片段) We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning. I was，nevertheless，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 A 解析 根据前文“We slept in a tent...”可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，而后文中 “Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.” 说明作者这次露营有床有空调。由此可知，这次没有帐篷了。故选 A。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 点津 七选五解题时要读懂前后文的句子，弄清楚前后的逻辑关系，然后选取正确答案，因 此正确理解设空前后文是解题的关键，拿到试题后要瞻前顾后，科学解题。 (2016·全国Ⅰ，片段) People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案 D 解析 联系下一句“创设密码和破译密码总是相伴而生的”，可以推断此处意思是“只要有 密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译”。故选 D 项。 三、黄金三步骤 (2017·全国Ⅰ，片段) 37 We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 C 解析 由空后“We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.”可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C 选项 “The trip they took me on was a rough one.”中的 rough 暗示了这一点，符合语境。故 选 C。 点津 步骤一：从原文设空的前后寻找关键词；步骤二：阅读各个选项，标记关键词；步骤 三：把两类关键词进行匹配，迅速锁定正确答案。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 (2016·全国Ⅰ，片段) There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案 E 解析 由空后举例可知，这里讲的是选取每个单词的首字母(the first letters)这一方法来 隐藏信息，与 E “hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out”内容相对应。 四、代入复读 (2017·全国Ⅰ，片段) 39．(F.After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.) We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style. A．This time there was no tent. B．Things are going to be improved. C．The trip they took me on was a rough one. D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then，however. E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F．After the trip，my family became quite interested in camping. G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 答案 E 解析 将 39 题答案带入原文可知作者全家都喜欢上了露营；根据 40 题空后的“It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知，作者希望每个人都能找到适合自己的回归自然 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 的方法。E 选项(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营了)既是对上段中作者态度转变的一个总 结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选 E。 点津 重新阅读相关词句，重点做没做出的或不确定的题，此时可将已选出的答案代入原文， 利用排除法。同时检查核实已选出的答案，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上 是否通顺、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰，格式及用语是否恰当贴切。如果所选的答案可以 满足上述标准，则表明所选的答案基本正确。 (2016·全国Ⅰ，片段) There are three main types of cryptography.37.(E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.) For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.” A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B．In any language，some letters are used more than others. C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them. E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words. G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 答案 G 解析 将 37 题答案带入原文可知，该处介绍了一种设置密码的方式。38 题空处又介绍了另 一种设置密码的方式。故选 G。G 项中的 another 也是解题的关键标志词。