高中英语人教版选择性必修一课件：Unit 1 Using Language 162页

Unit 1　People of Achievement Using Language 　 Ⅰ. 用本单元的重点词汇填空 1. Einstein’s ______( 爱因斯坦理论 ) 2. the theory of ________( 相对论 ) 3. a ______man( 一位绅士 ) 4. a ______( 一位天才 ) theory relativity gentle genius 5. be full of _______( 充满激情 ) 6. ____________arrangement ( 精心安排 ; 特殊安排 ) 7. make progress _________( 逐渐地取得进步 ) 8. research ________( 研究所 ; 研究中心 ) 9. as a ___________( 结果 ) 10. _________an old friend( 遇到一位老朋友 ) passion extraordinary gradually institute consequence encounter 11. a famous ________( 一位著名教授 ) 12. his __________performance ( 他的非凡的表现 ) 13. medical ______( 医疗设备 ) 14. rough _____( 草稿 ; 底子 ) 15. ___________project ( 建筑计划 ) professor remarkable device draft construction Ⅱ. 根据语境选词填空 sum up, come to power, take up a position, wear and tear, make contributions to, due to, manage to. . . , as a consequence, be mistaken for, pass away 1. She won the election and _____________last year.   2. You will see the storm will _________.   came to power pass away 3. Let’s _______our experience before going on.   4. The young man ________________in the company and the boss always depends on him.   5. This cloth is designed to stand up to a lot of _____ ________.   sum up takes up a position wear and tear 6. How does it feel to ______________someone else? 7. He broke the rules of the company. ____ ___________, he was removed from the company.   8. I only want to ___________________our society and other people.   9. How did you _________get their approval? 10. The guests are ______arrive very soon.   be mistaken for As a consequence make contributions to manage to due to Ⅰ. 文本细节理解 : 探寻语篇细节信息 1. Which of the following has the similar meaning to the word “ numerous ” in Paragraph 1? A. very large 　　 B. rather great C. amounts of D. splendid 2. Which of the following about Einstein is true according to the text? A. Once the gentle genius was not so good at studying. B. He managed to enter university in Switzerland at 16. C. He was born in west Germany on 14 March 1879. D. He didn’t obtain exceptional scores in maths and physics. 3. Why was he awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize? A. He was recorded to be a miracle then. B. He had four physics papers published. C. He became just as famous as Newton. D. He explained the photoelectric effect. 4. Why did he have to flee Germany? A. He wanted to go to the USA. B. Hitler came into power. C. He took up a job in Princeton. D. To make achievements in physics. 5. What can be indicated from the sentence “ Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein ” ? A. Many people mistook him for Einstein. B. He regretted explaining things to others. C. He was seen as a slightly odd-looking man. D. He was too modest and didn’t want fame. 答案 : 1 ～ 5. CADBD Ⅱ. 文本素养提升 : 阅读技能综合运用 1. 根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句 译文 : 阿尔伯特 • 爱因斯坦 , _____________________ _____________, 他经常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人 之一。 也许是现代物理学中最 伟大的科学家 译文 : _______________________________, 头发有时 竖起来 , 好像刚受了电击似的。 他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发 2. 课文概要填空 Einstein was born on 14 March 1879, who was plain when young. However, he (1) ______________________ ______ ( 不断追求他的目标 ), and fortunately he (2) ___________________( 创造了好几个奇迹 ) and (3) ______________________________( 被授予了 1921 continuously pursued his object made several miracles was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize 年度诺贝尔奖 ). (4) _____________________( 尽管世界 闻名 ), he was still an ordinary and funny person who was also full of childish and warm heart.   Although world-famous 3. 阅读主题活动 Talk about the following questions in pairs, and find out the best answers. (1)What do you think of Einstein? ______________________________________________ _____________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________  Although world-famous, he was still an ordinary and funny person who was also full of childish and warm heart. So I think Einstein is a great and lovely ordinary scientist. (2)After realizing what Einstein did, what do you think you should do from now on? __________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ We should firstly stick to what we should do as a teenager who has responsibility for our country and our future. Whatever trouble we meet, we will never say die and take measures to solve all the problems.   文本整体理解 : 理清文章架构 Time Events In 1879 This gentle 1. ______was born in Germany. In 1896 After studying for another year, he 2. __________pass the exam, entering university and 3. __________ in 1900. In 1905 While working in the Swiss 4. ______ office, out of a strong 5. _______ for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a 6. _________ in physics. genius managed to graduating patent passion doctorate Time Events In 1922 He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. In 1933 7. _____________ changed, when Hitler 8. _____________in Germany. He was Jewish and he had to 9. ___Germany. Circumstances came to power flee Time Events In 1955 It was reported that Einstein had 10. ___________, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. passed away 1. patent n. 专利 ; 专利证书 adj. 有专利的 * Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. 爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找了份作为职员的工作。 * But why would a firm with a legal patent strike such a deal? 但是为什么一个拥有合法专利的公司会进行这样的交易 ? * After the application is approved, the firm or individual that applied for it shall be the patentee . 申请被批准后 , 申请的公司或者个人为专利权所有人。 * But without patent protection, no company will develop HCELL for people, even in Europe or Japan. 但是没有专利保护 , 没有公司会为人们生产 HCELL, 即便是在欧洲或日本也不行。 【 词块积累 】 patentee 　　　　　 n. 专利权所有人 patent office 专利局 【 即学活用 】 (1)We checked in with a couple of _____________( 专 利专家 )to make more sense of the ruling.   (2)A ________( 专利权所有人 )has the right to put a clear __________( 专利标识 )on its _______________ ( 专利产品 )or on the package of the said product.   patent experts patentee patent sign patented product (3)The reasons are various: First, few essential drugs lost their _______________( 专利保护 ).   patent protection 2. extraordinary adj. 不一般的 ; 非凡的 * He published four extraordinary physics papers. 他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文。 * Our body is an extraordinarily complex mechanism comprising of trillions of cells. 我们的身体是由万亿细胞组成的极其复杂的机制。 *This is an extraordinary discovery but there is still a lot more down there that has to be found. 这是一次非凡的发现但是在那里仍旧有更多的东西等待我们去发现。 【 词块积累 】 extraordinarily 　　　　 adv. 非常 ; 格外地 ; 非凡地 extraordinary arrangement 　精心安排 ; 特殊安排 【 即学活用 】 (1) 语法填空 He made, they both said, “ an ______________ (extraordinary) good ambassador’s wife ” . (2)Yes, if you also believe that ordinary people can _____________________( 做出不平凡的事情 ).   extraordinarily do extraordinary things 3. gradually adv. 逐渐地 ; 逐步地 * Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. 在此之后 , 他作为新的艾萨克 · 牛顿 , 逐渐闻名于世。 *(2019 · 北京高考 )Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. 在接下来的几十年里 , 无论海洋的颜色如何改变 , 都可能是渐进的 , 不易察觉的 , 但这可能意味着重大的变化。 *Most people have no symptoms, and the disease causes a gradual loss of vision. 大多数患者没有症状表现 , 但是 , 这种病能导致视力逐渐丧失。 【 词块积累 】 gradual 　　　 adj. 逐渐的 ; 逐步的 ; 渐进的 ; 渐变的 【 即学活用 】 (1) 语法填空 (2019 · 北京高考 ) _________ (gradual), voice manipulation technologies may weaken the fact that a lot of business is still done over the phone. (2)So if you have the same amount of income each year, your _________________________shrinks.   所以说 , 如果你每年的收入都相同的话 , 你的购买力 则在逐渐缩水。 Gradually purchasing power gradually (3) ____________________, the steamer stepped up its speed and left the harbor.   逐步地 , 轮船加快了它的速度并离开了海港。 Gradually/Step by step 4. come to power( 开始 ) 掌权 ; 上台 * Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. 1933 年希特勒在德国掌权的时候 , 情况发生了变化。 * He has been in power for ten years but still doesn’t want to leave. 他已执政十年 , 但他仍不想下台。 *I’m sorry it’s beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. 很抱歉 , 要对这一工程作出最终决定是我力所不能及的。 * You can depend on it that it is within his power . He can help you. 你可以相信那在他的能力范围内。他能帮助你。 *She believes that she has the power to solve the problem. 她相信她有解决这个问题的能力。 【 词块积累 】 come to power 　　　　 上台执政 , 当权 be in power 执政 , 当权 beyond one’s power 力所不能及的 within one’s power 力所能及的 have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事 【 名师点津 】 “ power ” 两点通 (1)come to power=take office 就职 , 上台 , 执政 (2)come to/into power 表动作 , 非延续性动词 , 不能与一段时间连用 ; 延续性动词形式应用 be in power 执政 , 在位 ( 表状态 ) 。 【 即学活用 】 用 power 的词块填空 (1)I did not work again for twenty years until Mandela and the ANC _____________in 1994.   在曼德拉先生和非洲人国民大会 1994 年开始执政之前 我有 20 年没有工作。 (2)Sorry, I can’t help you. It’s ________________.   对不起 , 我帮不了你。那是我力所不能及的。 came to power beyond my power (3)I believe I ________________finish the task ahead of time.   我相信我有这个能力提前完成任务。 have the power to 5. consequence n. 结果 ; 后果 * As a consequence , he had to flee Germany. 结果 , 他不得不逃离德国。 * (2019 · 江苏高考 )This led to an unexpected consequence , though she had a wonderful time there. 尽管她在那里度过了一段美好的时光 , 可是这还是导致了一个意想不到的后果。 *As a consequence , he won the competition. 结果是他赢了这场竞赛。 * Consequently they further lift the price of gold in terms of tomatoes and potatoes. 因此 , 与番茄和土豆相比他们进一步提高黄金的价格。 【 词块积累 】 (1)as a consequence 　　　因此 , 结果 in consequence 因此 ; 结果 as a consequence of 因此 ; 由于 …… (2)consequent adj. 随之发生的 ; 作为结果的 (3)consequently adv. 因此 ; 所以 【 巧学助记 】 一言识 “ 结果 ” As a consequence of his illness, he couldn’t attend classes. As a consequence/In consequence , he fell behind his classmates. 由于生病 , 他不能上课。结果 , 他落后于他的同班同学。 【 即学活用 】 用 consequent 的适当形式填空 (1)The accident was the ___________ of careless driving. (2)The reserves are not an accident; they are the ___________ of conscious policies. (3)____________, end users are unable to modify the installation in any way. consequence consequence Consequently (4)As a ___________ he was a burden to her, something she was forced to look after. consequence 6. take up a position 担任 ; 任职 * He finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. 他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员。 * I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time. 我知道你一定很忙 , 当然我不想占用你太多的时间。 * “ In that moment of babbling, babies seem to be ready to take in more information, ” he said. “ 在学话的那个阶段 , 婴儿似乎做好准备吸收更多的信息 , ” 他说。 * Until then, take off your Che Guevera beret and stop congratulating yourself. 直到那时 , 脱下切格瓦拉的贝雷帽 , 停止祝贺你自己吧。 【 词块积累 】 take up 　 占去 , 占据 ; 开始从事 ; 拿起 take off 起飞 ; 脱下 ; 离开 take on 承担 ; 呈现 ; 具有 ; 流行 take in 吸收 ; 领会 ; 欺骗 ; 接受 【 即学活用 】 用以上含有 take 的短语填空 (1)In 2019, I moved to New York to _______a position at The New Yorker .   (2)But they need to understand why they should ____ ___a huge project.   (3)I could hardly ______what the old man said for he was so weak.   take up take on take in (4)As our plane _______, I told myself that I would absolutely return someday.   took off 7. encounter v. 偶然碰到 ; 遇到 n. 邂逅 ; 遭遇 * In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street. 事实上 , 爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到人。 * I had a brief encounter with an angry client. 我和一个愤怒的客户有过短暂的接触。 【 词块积累 】 encounter with sb. /sth. 突然的或意外的 ( 尤指敌对的 ) 相遇 【 即学活用 】 语法填空 (1)You could then correct any errors that you ___________ (encounter) in the model. (2)It brings me to another major trap I frequently ___________ (encounter) in the past. encountered encountered (3)Usually, in the past, if I ___________ (encounter) a problem, I would ask my friends for help. (4)(2019 · 天津高考 )I read that people are more divided than ever, but that’s not how the people I _________ (encounter) tend to act. encountered encounter 8. remarkable adj. 非凡的 ; 显著的 * Progress since 2019 has been remarkable , but we have a long way yet to go, especially in the countryside, and especially for construction career. 2019 年以来 , 我们已经取得了非凡进展 , 但是前面的道路仍很漫长 , 特别在农村 , 特别对建设行业来说也如此。 *People, when they had to, behaved remarkably well. 人们 , 当他们不得不时 , 表现得非常好。 * He later apologized because what he said was an “ inappropriate ” remark . 之后他为他说过的一个不恰当的评论做出了道歉。 【 词块积累 】 remark 　　　 n. 注意 ; 言辞 vi. 谈论 remarkably adv. 显著地 ; 非常地 ; 引人注目地 【 即学活用 】 (1) 语法填空 These markets have much in common, but each is also ___________(remarkable)different. (2)Hey, forget it, dear. ________________________( 无 论谁写的这条评论 ) doesn’t mean to hurt you anyway.   remarkably Whoever wrote this remark (3)Haiti is still one of __________________( 最非凡的 ), unique places I have ever been.   the most remarkable 9. sum up 总结 ; 概括 * Does the writer sum up how he/she feels about this person? 作者是否总结了他 / 她对这个人的感觉 ? *My meaning, in sum , is that you must stay. 简单地说 , 我的意思就是你必须留下来。 【 词块积累 】 sum up 　　　　　总结 ; 概述 ; 计算 …… 的总数 in sum 总而言之 ; 大体上 a large sum of 一大笔 ; 大量的 【 即学活用 】 (1)Your character is essentially _________your habits; it is how you habitually act.   你的性格本质上是你习惯的总和 ; 它是你习惯的行为方 式。 (2)The meeting was, ______, a disaster.   总之 , 这次相遇是一个灾难。 the sum of in sum 10. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.   他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发 , 头发有时竖起来 , 好像刚受了电击似的。 【 句式解构 】 本句为主从复合句。后面的 as though(if) 引导方式状语从句。表示 “ 好像 ” 。 * She loves her students as though(if) she were their mother. 她爱她的学生 , 就像她是孩子们的母亲。 *She looks as though(if) she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。 * She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry. 她好像很生气 , 急匆匆地离开了房间。 * It seems as if it is going to rain . 似乎要下雨。 * He walks as if he is drunk. 他走起路来好像是醉了。 【 名师点津 】 as though/if 用法点拨 (1)as though/if 也可引导表语从句。 (2)as though/if 引导从句时 , 常使用虚拟语气 , 表示与事实相反的假设。上面课本上的句子就是这个用法。 (3) 有时 , as if 还可用于省略句中 ( 如果 as if 引导的从句是 “ 主语 + 系动词 ” 结构 , 可省略主语和系动词。这样 as if 后面就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词 / 介词短语、或分词 ) 。 (4) 当句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时 , as if 从句要用陈述语气。 【 即学活用 】 (1) 这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子。 ( 虚拟语气 ) The old lady treats the boy ______________________.   (2) 我感觉好像发烧了。 ( 陈述语气 ) I feel as if I ___________.   as if he were her own son have a fever 语法填空 (3)Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as ________ he had done something very clever. (4)She works hard as if/though she never _____ (know)tiredness. if/though knew 【 要点拾遗 】 1. passion n. 酷爱 ; 激情 * While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study. 在那里工作时 , 出于对知识的强烈热情 , 他继续学习。 *(2019 · 天津高考 ) Don’t you believe that the author takes novel reading as a way to develop a passion for learning? 难道你不相信作者把读小说当作培养学习热情的方法吗 ? *I simply pursued it because I was passionate about it and loved the work. 我仅仅是用我对这份工作的热情和热爱在追逐它。 * Right now, each side in that debate passionately believes that the other side is wrong. 目前 , ( 经济政策 ) 争论中的每一方都强烈地认为另一方是错误的。 【 词块积累 】 (1)have a passion for 　　　　对 …… 有强烈的爱好 (2)passionate adj. 热情的 ; 热烈的 , 激昂的 ; 易怒的 (3)passionately adv. 热情地 ; 强烈地 ; 激昂地 【 即学活用 】 语法填空 (1)Now you can find your passion ___exercise and have fun with your kids at the same time. (2)Most people who become teachers do so because they’re _________(passion) for/about kids. (3)But on some really big issues, he makes his view ___________(passion) known, no matter how hard it is. for passionate passionately 2. professor n. 教授 * Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein. 我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授。 * “ Now, ” said the professor as the laughter stopped, “ I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. ” 等到笑声落下 , 教授说 : “ 现在 , 我要让你们认识到这个罐子象征你们的生活。 ” *If you had to choose another profession , what would it be? 如果你不得不选择另一个职业 , 那将会是什么 ? *The Red Army succeeded in the end, although they were not so professional at the beginning. 红军虽然一开始并不那么专业 , 但是他们最后成功了。 【 词块积累 】 profession 　　　　 n. 职业 , 专业 ; 声明 , 宣布 , 表白 professorial adj. 教授的 ; 学者派头的 ; 教授似的 【 即学活用 】 (1)(2019 · 全国卷 Ⅰ) Mitch Prinstein, ____________ ( 一位 …… 教授 )clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories.   (2) It is said that in the case of the ___________________ ( 经济学职业 ), the big winners are not Asian but European.   a professor of economics profession (3)Hey, young fellows, remember to study hard, for the profession in the future is _________________( 相 当专业 )!   rather professional 3. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发 , 头发有时竖起来 , 好像刚受了电击似的。  【 句式解构 】 stand on end 是竖立起来的意思。英语中有一句俚语 make one’s hair stand on end, 其意思是 “ 令人毛骨悚然的 ” 。 * Some of those ghost stories make my hair stand on end , even though I don’t believe in ghosts. 有几篇鬼故事使我毛骨悚然 , 虽然我并不相信鬼。 *After observing this scene, the guard felt the hair on the back of his neck stand on end . 看了这一幕之后 , 门卫感到自己颈后的头发都竖了起来。 【 词块积累 】 stand up 　　 v. 站起来 ; 坚持 ; 竖立 ; 站得住脚 ; 拥护 stand or fall 好坏 ; 成败 stand for 代表 ; 支持 ; 象征 ; 担任 …… 的候选人 stand out 突出 ; 站出来 ; 坚持到底 ; 坚决反对 stand by 支持 ; 袖手旁观 ; 准备 ; 站在旁边 can’t stand 无法忍受 stand up for 支持 , 坚持 ; 拥护 stand in the way 　　阻碍 【 即学活用 】 用适当的介词填空 (1)When the famous scientist passed by, all the audience stood ___ with admiration. (2)Hey, dear, do you know what the posture “ V ” stands ___? up for (3)There is a huge stone standing ___on the top of the hill. (4)If I am in danger, will you stand ___me, or leave me alone? out by 4. Albert Einstein, ____is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men ____ever lived. who who 【 句式解构 】 本句为主从复合句。主句主干为 “ Albert Einstein is often considered one of. . . ” 。第一个 who 引导定语从句 , 修饰先行词 Albert Einstein 。第二个 who 引导定语从句 , 修饰先行词 the smartest men 。 *The picture (that) we are looking at was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student whose father is an English teacher. 我们正在看的这幅画是一个他的父亲是一名英语老师的十五岁的学生画的。 *Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected by those who are sensible enough. 那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人 , 应该受到那些足够明智的人的极大尊重。 *You should meet the stranger who often says hello to you at the place where there are plenty of people to ensure safety. 你应该在人多的地方接触经常向你问好的陌生人以确保安全。 【 即学活用 】 用 who, whom, that, which, whose 填空 (1)The house ______windows face to the north belongs to the man who is usually mean to others. (2)The man __________________you met just now is my old friend who has been living in Beijing for decades. whose who/whom/that/ 不填 (3)The man ________ is walking on the playground where there are many people is my old friend. (4)Take the book __________ is lying on the table which is in row one, line two. (5)She is such a girl as is always finding fault with other people ____ are actually innocent. who/that which/that who 5. relativity n. 相对论 ; 相对性 * He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity . 他对世界做出了许多贡献 , 其中最著名的是广义相对论。 *(2019 · 江苏高考 )The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. 我们祖先的骨骼结构经过数百万年的发展 , 支撑着一种 四肢行走 , 头部相对较小的生物。 *They can make relative judgments with some confidence. 他们可以有信心地作出相关的判断。 【 词块积累 】 relative 　 adj. 相对的 ; 有关系的 ; 成比例的 relatively adv. 相当地 ; 相对地 , 比较地 relative n. 亲戚 ; 相关物 ; [ 语 ] 关系词 ; 亲缘关系 【 即学活用 】 (1) 语法填空 ① But where France stands out is in how many people do retire when they are still ________(relate) young. ②Albert Einstein was able to conceive his theory of ________(relate) because he thought that time and space might not be immutable. relatively relativity (2)(2019 · 江苏高考 )Many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully ___________ _______________________________( 评估其相对长期 成本和收益 )of alternative uses of their money.   (3)Since then he has moved _____________( 和一个亲 戚 ) in another part of town.   assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits with a relative (4)In this article, I’ll take you through this ________ _____________( 相对简单的过程 )with some examples.   relatively simple process 如何写一篇人物简介 【 文体感知 】 　　伟人总是给我们榜样的力量 , 那么 , 我们如何对伟人做人物简介呢 ? 人物介绍是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型。它涉及人的出生、家庭背景、教育、生平经历、成就和评价等。同学们要注意其文体应该是记叙文 , 同时还要注意人称和时态的合理使用。 人物简介的一般步骤可以概括为 5 个字 : 概、貌、育、平、评。 1. 概指概况 : age, sex, birth-place, background 2. 貌指外貌 : appearance, character, hobby 3. 育指教育 : education process 4. 平指生平 : big events in one’s life(in order of time) 5. 评指评价 : evaluation 【 典题演练 】 　　请根据以下材料 , 写一篇介绍我国明代 (Ming Dynasty) 医学家 (medical scientist) 李时珍的文章。 姓名 : 李时珍 出生年代 : 1518 著作 : 《 本草纲目 》 内容 : 中草药 (Chinese herbs) 总集 , 包含近 2 000 种中草药 , 数百万字 (characters) 写作经历 : 访民间 , 走群山 , 尝百草 , 亲身做实验 (call on, visit, taste, do experiments) 成书时间 : 1578 年 , 历时 37 年 评价 : 对我国医学 (medicine) 发展做出了重大贡献 (a contribution to) 【 谋篇立意 】 【 遣词造句 】 完成句子 1. 李时珍是中国明朝时期的一个著名医学家。 Li Shizhen ____________a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty.   2. 他出生于 1518 年。 He ___________1518.   was known as was born in 3. 他写了一本叫作 《 本草纲目 》 的书。 He wrote a book which _______ Ben Cao Gang Mu .   4. 《 本草纲目 》 是一本中国中草药总集 , 其中包含了 2 000 多种中草药 , 数百万字。 Ben Cao Gang Mu is a collection of Chinese herbs _____________over 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters.   is called which includes 5. 他花费了 37 年的时间完成了这项任务。 He _____________________the task.   词句升级 6. 用过去分词短语作状语结构合并 1 、 2 句。 ________________________________in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was born in 1518.   spent 37 years finishing Known as a famous medical scientist 7. 用定语从句、非谓语动词和介词短语合并 3 、 4 句。 He wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu , _________ _________ of Chinese herbs including over 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters.   8. 用 it 作形式主语改写第 5 句。 _________________________the task.   which is a collection It took him 37 years to finish 【 完美成篇 】 Known as a famous medical scientist in Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen was born in 1518. He wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu , which is a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2, 000 Chinese herbs with millions of characters. In order to finish the task, he visited mountains, called on ordinary people, tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by himself. It took him 37 years to finish the task, and his book is considered to be a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine. 【 素材积累 】 1. 话题词汇 (1)age, birthday and birthplace ( 个人概况、教育等 ): Be born in. . . ( 地点 )on. . . ( 时间 ) At the age of; be born poor. . . Lead a. . . life (2)character( 性格特征 ): Confident; sociable( 爱社交的 , 外向的 ); Be willing to help( 乐于助人 ); Capable( 有能力的 ); warm-hearted( 热心肠的 ); charming( 有吸引力的 ); determined( 有毅力的 ) (3)education background( 教育背景 ): Be admitted to. . . ( 考取 …… ) Graduate from. . . ( 从 …… 毕业 ) Get a master’s/doctor’s degree( 获取学士、博士学位 ) (4)big events in his/her life( 生平经历 ) Serve as. . . Be devoted to. . . Have a gift for. . . (5)evaluation( 评价 ) Famous at home and abroad( 国内外著名的 ) make great progress in( 在 …… 取得很大进步 ); gain the first prize( 获得一等奖 ); set a good example( 树立好榜样 ); think highly of( 高度赞扬 ); be honored as( 被授予 ); make great contributions to( 为 …… 做出巨大贡献 ) 2. 话题句式 (1) 概况部分可用非谓语 / 同位语结构 , 使文章简洁、通顺 ① Born in. . . on. . . , . . . is a . . . ②. . . , the son of a. . . , was born . . . (2) 外貌、性格 , 可用介词短语或非谓语动词作定语 ① . . . is a . . . with thick eyebrows. . . ②a collection of Chinese herbs including over 2, 000 herbs. . . (3) 生平经历可用复合句 , 倒装 , 非限制性定语从句 , 润色文章 ① Not only is. . . but also he. . . ②. . . set a new record. . . , which. . . (4) 评价可用一些动词、形容词等词块、短语 ① be remembered as. . . ②be considered to be. . . Ⅰ. 语用功能表达 探究对伟人伟大之处的描述策略 , 学会如何陈述理由和根据。 一、步骤 1. 定位要描述的伟人 , 头脑风暴出其生平事迹 , 尤其是其不平凡之处。 2. 讨论伟人伟大的理由和根据。如 : The greatest person I know of is Mr Zhou Enlai, who devoted his life to working for the people of China. Although he had made great contributions to us, yet he had no time to bring up a child of his own, which is especially unique from the other great people. 3. 得出结论 (make a summary), 展望未来 , 发出呼吁和号召。 二、常用句型 The greatest person I know of is. . . , who. . . (achieved . . . success) To be great, a person should. . . and . . . has made great. . . To me, greatness means. . . That’s true, but. . . I want to be like. . . because he. . . , which brings happiness to other people and the world! Ⅱ. 话题情景交流 Li Hua: Have you heard of Mr Zhou Enlai, a great communist leader? Wang Kun: Certainly! As a matter of fact, I mean, I am so familiar with many anecdotes about Mr Zhou! Li Hua: So, 1. ______________________________ ____________( 我想周先生是最有名的人之一 ) in the world!   I guess Mr Zhou is one of the best- known people Wang Kun: Haha, what I want to say is that it is the work that he had committed that changed China, even the world better and better. Li Hua: Can you describe it in detail? 2. ____________ ____________________( 你是怎样得出这个结论的 )? How can you draw such a conclusion Wang Kun: Actually, greatness means the things that the unique can achieve while others can’t. Li Hua: You are right. Before liberation, 3. ________ ______________________________________ __________ ( 周先生领导共产党与一切困难作斗争 ), making the old China transformed into a wholly new country where the people served as masters.   Mr Zhou led the Communist Party to fight against all difficulties Wang Kun: Such was the case! Mr Zhou also conducted the country to remove poverty since its establishment in 1949. Li Hua: I’ve nearly got it, er. . . We would have no such developed society 4. ______________________ ______________________________( 如果没有周先生 和其他伟大的共产党员 ).   if there were no Mr Zhou and many other great communists Wang Kun: Absolutely! So we should make efforts to make all we have continue smoothly in honor of all the greatness! 【 导语 】 《 谁动了我的奶酪 ? 》 是一个关于 “ 变化 ” 的故事。在故事中 , 有 4 个有趣的小家伙在迷宫中寻找奶酪。变化总在时时发生 , 我们每个人都要认真思考 , 究竟是谁动了我的 “ 奶酪 ” , 我们又该如何发现新的 “ 奶酪 ” ? Who Moved My Cheese? (excerpt) After a while Hem’s and Haw’s confidence grew into blowing up. Soon they became so comfortable they didn’t even notice what was happening. As time went on, Sniff and Scurry continued their routine. They arrived early each morning and sniffed and scratched and scurried around Cheese Station C, inspecting the area to see if there had been any changes from the day before. Then they would sit down to enjoy on the cheese. One morning they arrived at Cheese Station C and discovered there was no cheese. They weren’t surprised. Since Sniff and Scurry had noticed the supply of cheese had been getting smaller every day, they were prepared for the incident and knew preparedly what to do. They looked at each other, removed the running shoes they had tied together and hung conveniently around their necks, put them on their feet and laced them up. The mice did not overanalyse things. And they were not burdened with many complex beliefs. To the mice, the problem and the answer were both simple. The situation at Cheese Station C had changed. So, Sniff and Scurry decided to change. They both looked out into the maze. Then Sniff lifted his nose, sniffed, and nodded to Scurry, who took off running through the maze while Sniff followed as fast as he could. They were quickly off in search of new cheese. Later that same day, Hem and Haw arrived at Cheese Station C. They had not been paying attention to the small changes that had been taking place each day, so they took it for granted their cheese would be there. They were unprepared for what they found. “ What? No cheese? ” Hem yelled. He continued yelling, “ No cheese? No cheese? ” as though he shouted loud enough someone would put it back. “ Who moved my cheese? ” he hollered. Finally, he put his hands on his hips, his face turned red, and he screamed at the top of his voice, “ It’s not fair! ” Haw just shook his head in disbelief. He, too had counted on finding cheese at Cheese Station C. He stood there for a long time, frozen with shock. He was just not ready for this. Hem was yelling something, but Haw didn’t want to hear it. He didn’t want to deal with what was facing him, so he just tuned everything out. The little people’s behavior was not very attractive or productive but it was understandable. Finding cheese wasn’t easy, and it meant a great deal more to the little people than just having enough of it to eat every day. Finding cheese was the little people’s way of getting what they thought they needed to be happy. They had their own ideas of what cheese meant to them, depending on their taste. For some, finding cheese was having material things. For others it was enjoying good health, or developing a spiritual sense of well-being. For Haw, cheese just meant feeling safe, having a loving family someday and living in a comfortable cottage on Cheddar Lane. To Hem, cheese was becoming a big cheese in charge of others and owning a big house at the top of Camembert Hill. Because cheese was important to them, the two little people spent a long time trying to decide what to do. All they could think of was to keep looking around Cheese Station C to see if the cheese was really gone. While Sniff and Scurry had quickly moved on, Hem and Haw continued to hem and haw. 译文 : 谁动了我的奶酪 ? ( 节选 ) 　　逐渐地 , 哼哼和唧唧的自信开始膨胀起来。在这种安逸的生活中 , 他们丝毫没有察觉到正在发生的变化。 随着时间的流逝 , 嗅嗅和匆匆日复一日地重复着他们的生活。每天早早地赶到奶酪 C 站 , 四处闻一闻、抓一抓 , 看看这区域和前一天有什么不一样。等到确定没有任何异常后他们才会坐下来细细品味奶酪 , 好好享受一番。 一天早上 , 当他们到达奶酪 C 站时 , 发现这里已经没有奶酪了。 对此 , 他们并不感到吃惊。因为嗅嗅和匆匆早已察觉到 , 这里的奶酪已经越来越小 , 并且一天比一天少了。他们对这种不可避免的情况早有心理准备 , 而且直觉地知道该怎么办。 他们相互对望了一眼 , 毫不犹豫地取下挂在脖子上的跑鞋 , 穿上并系好鞋带。 两只小老鼠对此并没有做什么全面细致的分析 , 事实上 , 也没有足够复杂的脑细胞可以支持他们进行这么复杂的思维。 对老鼠来说 , 问题和答案都是一样简单。奶酪 C 站的情况发生了变化 , 所以 , 嗅嗅和匆匆也决定随之而变化。 他们同时望向迷宫深处。嗅嗅扬起他的鼻子闻了闻 , 朝匆匆点点头 , 匆匆立刻拔腿跑向迷宫的深处 , 嗅嗅则紧跟其后。 他们开始迅速行动 , 去寻找新的奶酪。 同一天的晚些时候 , 哼哼和唧唧也来到奶酪 C 站。他们过去一直没有察觉到这里每天都在发生的细小变化 , 而想当然地认为他们的奶酪还在那里。 面对新的情况 , 他们毫无准备。 “ 怎么 ? 竟然没有奶酪 ? ” 哼哼大叫道 , 然后他开始不停地大喊大叫 , “ 没有奶酪 ? 怎么可能没有奶酪 ? ” 好像他叫喊的声音足够大的话 , 就会有谁把奶酪送回来似的。 “ 谁动了我的奶酪 ? ” 他声嘶力竭地喊着。 最后 , 他把手放在屁股上 , 脸憋得通红 , 用他最大的嗓门叫道 : “ 这不公平 ! ” 唧唧则站在那里 , 一个劲地摇头 , 不相信这里已经发生的变化。对此 , 他同样没有任何心理准备 , 他也曾指望在奶酪 C 站照旧可以找到奶酪。他长时间地站在那里 , 久久不能动弹 , 完全被这个意外给惊呆了。 哼哼还在疯狂地叫嚷着什么 , 但唧唧不想听。他不想面对眼前的现实 , 他拼命地告诉自己 , 这只是一个噩梦 , 他只想回避这一切。 他们的行为并不可取 , 而且也于事无补 , 但我们总还是能够理解的。 要知道找到奶酪并不是一件容易的事情。更何况 , 对这两个小矮人来说 , 奶酪绝不仅仅只是一样填饱肚子的东西。 对他们来说 , 找到奶酪是获得幸福的唯一途径。根据不同的偏爱 , 他们对奶酪的意义有各自的看法。 对有些人而言 , 找到奶酪代表的是一种物质上的享受 ; 而对另一些人来说 , 奶酪意味着健康的生活 , 或者是一种安宁富足的精神世界。 对唧唧来说 , 奶酪意味着安定 , 意味着某一天能够拥有一个可爱的家庭 , 生活在名人社区的一座舒适的别墅里。 对哼哼来说 , 拥有奶酪可以使他成为大人物 , 可以领导很多很多的人 , 而且可以在卡门培尔山顶上拥有一座华丽的宫殿。 由于奶酪对他们实在太重要了 , 所以这两个小矮人花了很长时间试图决定该怎么办。但他们所能够想到的 , 只是在奶酪 C 站里寻找 , 看看奶酪是否真的不存在了。 当嗅嗅和匆匆已经在迅速行动的时候 , 哼哼和唧唧还在那里不停地哼哼唧唧、犹豫不决。