2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars单元学案设计（30页） 30页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修3Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．astronomy n．　　　　　　　　 天文学 ‎2．astronomer n. 天文学家 ‎3．solar adj. 太阳的；日光的 ‎4．billion pron.&n.& adj. 〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿 ‎5．carbon n. 碳 ‎6．dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散 ‎7．acid n. 酸　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．mammal n．　　　　　　　　　 哺乳动物 ‎9．dioxide n. 二氧化物 ‎10．extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 ‎11．lessen vi.& vt. 减少；减轻 ‎12．weightlessly adv. 失重地 ‎13．solar system 太阳系 ‎14．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第三屏听写]‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎1．system n．　　　　　　　　　 系统；体系；制度 ‎2．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰 ‎3．theory n. 学说；理论 ‎4．violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 ‎5．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛 ‎6．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像 ‎7．fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第四屏听写]‎ ‎8．presence n．　　　　　　　　 出席；到场；存在 ‎9．harmful adj. 有害的 ‎10．chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链 ‎11．reaction n. 反应；回应 ‎12．multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加 ‎13．oxygen n. 氧 ‎14．exist vi. 存在；生存 ‎15．thus adv. 因此；于是　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎ [第五屏听写]‎ ‎16．puzzle n．　　　　　　　 谜；难题 vt.& vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难 ‎17．biology n. 生物学 ‎18．biologist n. 生物学家 ‎19．gravity n. 万有引力；重力 ‎20．satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星 ‎21．gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎22．physicist n．　　　　　　 物理学家 ‎23．climate n. 气候 ‎24．crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落 ‎25．spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 ‎26．pull n．& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎27．float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n. 漂浮物　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎28．globe n．　　　　　　　 球体；地球仪；地球 ‎29．exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽 ‎30．in_time 及时；终于 ‎31．lay_eggs 下蛋 ‎32．give_birth_to 产生；分娩 ‎33．in_one's_turn 轮到某人 ‎34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎35．block_out　　　　　　　 挡住(光线)‎ ‎36．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎37．now_that 既然 ‎38．break_out 突发；爆发 ‎39．watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防 ‎40．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.astronomy n．　　　　　天文学 ‎2．astronomer n. 天文学家 ‎5.carbon n．　　　　碳 ‎6．dissolve ‎ ‎9.dioxide n．　　　　二氧化物 ‎3．solar adj. 太阳的；日光的 ‎4．billion pron.&n.& adj. 〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿 vt.& vi. 溶解；解散 ‎7．acid n. 酸 ‎8．mammal n. 哺乳动物 ‎10．extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的 ‎11．lessen vi.& vt. 减少；减轻 ‎12．weightlessly adv. 失重地 表达单词 ‎1.system n．　　　　　系统；体系；制度 ‎2．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像 ‎3．fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的 ‎4．multiply vi.&vt. 乘；增加 ‎5．gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的 ‎6．crash vi.&vt. 碰撞；坠落 ‎7．pull n．&vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力 ‎8．float vi.&vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n. 漂浮物 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．A truck went out of control and crashed (碰撞) into the back of a bus.‎ ‎2．Some experts think reading is the fundamental (基本的) skill upon which school education depends. ‎ ‎3．Those anxious for reform say that the present system (系统) is too narrow.‎ ‎4．He found something floating (漂浮) on the lake，which frightened him.‎ ‎5．If you multiply (乘) two and three, you will get six.‎ 拓 展 ‎1.religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．There was a puzzled look on the ‎ 单 词 ‎2．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论的；理论性的 ‎3．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地；激烈地 ‎4．harmful adj.有害的→harm n．&v.伤害；危害→harmless adj.无害的 ‎5．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存 ‎6．puzzle vi.&vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题→puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 ‎7．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的 little girl's face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)‎ ‎2．Do you believe the existence of ghosts? Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people.(exist)‎ ‎3．Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent)‎ ‎4．The harmful materials became harmless to the environment after being dealt with.(harm)‎ ‎5．He often says that he doesn't believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others' religious freedom. (religion)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.in_time　　　　　　　　及时；终于 ‎1.Last night, Mrs. Green had a heart attack. But luckily, the doctor came ‎ ‎2．lay_eggs 下蛋 ‎3．give_birth_to 产生；分娩 ‎4．in_one's_turn 轮到某人；接着 ‎5．watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防 ‎6．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋 ‎7．depend_on 依靠；取决于 ‎8．break_out 突发；爆发 ‎9．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止 ‎10．block_out 挡住(光线)‎ ‎11．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解 ‎12．now_that 既然 in_time to save her life.‎ ‎2．Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street.‎ ‎3．At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.‎ ‎4．When the professor turned up, all the students cheered_up.‎ ‎5．Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in_its_turn.‎ ‎6．Only by practising time and time again can you get_the_hang_of the grammar rules.‎ ‎7．She married at 25 and gave_birth_to her first child shortly after.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.‎ 这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。‎ make＋it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do。‎ 掌握此项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。‎ Mastering the technology makes_it_possible_for_us_to_use_the_Internet_more_effectively.‎ ‎2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.‎ 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。‎ ‎ 倍数表达法：倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋其他。‎ 在2016年里约奥运会期间，里约的汽车的数量是我们预料的三倍。‎ There were three_times_as_many_cars_as we expected during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games in Rio.‎ ‎3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”‎ ‎“天哪，”我大声说，“(既然)重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”‎ now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。‎ 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。‎ Now_that_Helen_understood_the_key_to_language,_she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.‎ ‎4.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased. ‎ 形容词作状语，说明主语的情况。‎ 当轮到他发表演讲时，他走到了麦克风前，紧张而尴尬。‎ When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the ‎ 我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。‎ microphone, nervous_and_embarrassed.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.have_parttime_jobs　有兼职工作 ‎2．have_meaning_to 对……有意义 ‎3．have a surprise party举行一个惊喜派对 ‎4．have conversation with friends ‎ 与朋友对话 ‎5．have fun doing 做……很愉快 ‎6．have ... in common 有相同特征 ‎1.the_largest_population 人口最多 ‎2．two_hours_later 两个小时之后 ‎3．even better 更好 ‎4．a couple of 少数 ‎5．check out 察看；观察 ‎6．have a good knowledge of 通晓；精通 ‎1.cartoon characters　　卡通人物 ‎2．wooden chopsticks 木质筷子 ‎3．The bell rang loudly. 铃声大作。‎ ‎4．It is fun to do做……是有趣的 ‎5．hold one's hand 握住某人的手 ‎6．shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．harmful adj.有害的 ‎[教材原句]　What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.‎ 很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。‎ ‎(1)be harmful to　　　　　　　 对……有害 harmless adj. 无害的 ‎(2)cause/do harm to ... 对……造成伤害/有害 mean no harm 无恶意 there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very harmful (harm) to their health.‎ ‎②If you want to solve the problem in this way, there is no harm in calling him.‎ 单句写作 ‎③这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。(2013·安徽高考书面表达)‎ These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious _harm_to_life and the environment.‎ ‎2．exist vi.存在；生存 ‎[教材原句]　They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.‎ 它们也下蛋，在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。‎ ‎(1)exist in　　　　　　　 存在于……之中 exist on 靠……为生 There exists ... 某地有……；存在……‎ ‎(2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 ‎(3)existing adj. 现存的；现行的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①No one knows when such a custom first came into existence (exist)．‎ ‎②He finds it hard to exist on the money he's earning.‎ ‎③There existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.‎ 单句写作 ‎④在我们学校，自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。(2014·北京高考写作)‎ The parking place for bikes was_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_time in our school.‎ ‎[名师指津]　exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。‎ ‎3．puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜 ‎[教材原句]　How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.‎ 地球上生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。‎ ‎(1)puzzle about/over　　　 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 ‎(2)a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情 ‎(3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的；困惑的 be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened.‎ ‎②Where the missing plane has gone still remains a puzzle to us.‎ ‎③When the little girl was asked such a puzzling (puzzle) question, she stood there with a surprised look on her face.‎ ‎④This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled (puzzle)．‎ ‎[名师指津]　过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.‎ ‎2．There were many fish floating (float) in the river because of the serious pollution.‎ ‎3．As is known to us, the People's Republic of China came into existence as an independent country in 1949.‎ ‎4．Not all people are aware of the various effects of global (globe) warming on Earth.‎ ‎5．It is wrong to see violence (violent) as the only way to solve problems.‎ ‎6．When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful (harm) effects of smoking.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed, which is harmful for her eyes. for→to ‎2．Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exists in his mind.exists→exist ‎3．It is a puzzle for me why he wants to change his job. for→to ‎4．The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and had crashed into a truck.去掉had ‎5．The breeze of the south comes gentle. The noisy parrot sleeps in its cage.gentle→gently Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子 ‎1．众所周知，过量喝酒对你的身体有害。(harmful)‎ What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful_to_your_health.‎ ‎2．他相信和中国建立更加良好的关系对这一地区的繁荣发展至关重要。(fundamental)‎ He believes better relations with China are_fundamental_to the wellbeing of the area.‎ ‎3．这个地区的建筑物是否需要拆毁还存在争议，人们仍旧在寻找着其他可能的解决方法。(pull)‎ Whether the buildings in this area should_be_pulled_down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions.‎ ‎4．幸运的是，有一些现成的关键原则你可以遵循。(exist)‎ Fortunately, there_exist some key principles you can follow.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．in time及时；终于 ‎[高考佳句]　As a proverb goes, “Where there's a will, there's a way.” Our efforts will pay off in time.(2014·山东高考写作)‎ 正如一句谚语所说，“有志者，事竟成”，我们的努力迟早会有所回报。‎ ‎(1)in time for ...　　　　 刚好赶上……‎ in time to do sth. 及时做某事 ‎(2)in no time 立刻；马上 at no time 决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ at a time 每次；一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at the same time 同时 at times 有时；偶尔 from time to time 有时；偶尔 ‎(3)take one's time 别着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The car came to a halt just in time to_prevent (prevent) an accident.‎ ‎②All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Many people are at the same start, but seldom do they arrive at the ending point at_the_same_time.‎ 许多人起点相同，但他们很少同时到达终点。‎ ‎④At no time did_they_actually_break_the_rules_of_the_game. It ‎ was unfair to punish them.‎ 他们实际并未违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。‎ ‎2．in one's turn轮到某人；接着 ‎[教材原句]　Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.‎ 于是，他们接着成了这个行星上最重要的动物。‎ in turn　　　　　　　　　　 依次；轮流；反之；相应地 by turns 轮流；交替地 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It is one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It turns/turned out that ... 结果……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①They had to take turns to_look (look) after the patients.‎ ‎②Now that we have finished designing, the company, in its turn, should do the constructing work.‎ ‎③I think it's my turn to_drive (drive) the kids to school this week.‎ 补全句子 ‎④People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this in_turn_creates_more_problems.‎ 人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。‎ ‎3．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；(使)高兴；(使)振奋 ‎[教材原句]　I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.‎ 我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。‎ ‎(1)cheer sb. up　　　 使某人振作起来 cheer sb. on (比赛中)为某人喝彩；为某人加油 ‎(2)Cheers! [口语](用于祝酒)干杯！‎ ‎[题点全练]　补全句子 ‎①When I'm feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to_cheer_me_up.‎ 当我感到忧伤时，母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。‎ ‎②They gathered round the swimming pool and cheered_her_on.‎ 他们聚集在游泳池边为她加油。‎ ‎③This is just for you. Cheers!‎ 这是特意为你调制的。干杯！‎ ‎[名师指津]　cheer up既可以用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。‎ ‎4．make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do This produced a chain reaction, which made_it_possible_for_life_to_develop.‎ 这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。‎ 句型make it＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。‎ ‎(1)make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句 make＋it＋adj./n.＋to do不定式 make＋it＋no good/no use/no value ...＋doing sth.‎ ‎(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think, consider, find, feel等 ‎①To make it easier to_get (get) in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand.(2016·北京高考单选)‎ 为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。‎ ‎②Susan made_it_clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 苏珊清楚地跟我表明她希望为自己创造新的生活。‎ ‎③I consider it_no_use quarrelling with him about it.‎ 我认为就这件事情和他争吵是没有用的。‎ ‎5．倍数表达法 But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.‎ 但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。‎ 英语中常见的倍数表达法有：‎ ‎(1)A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B ‎(2)A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B ‎(3)A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length ...)＋of B ‎(4)A＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”‎ 一句多译 我的农场已经扩展成了一个大农场，是原来的3倍大。‎ ‎①My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times as_big_as the previous one.‎ ‎②My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times bigger_than the previous one.‎ ‎③My farm has expanded into a big one, which is three times the_size_of the previous one.‎ 补全句子 ‎④The population now in this village is five_times_what_it_was ten years ago.‎ 现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在表示“两倍”时要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数，half等来替换。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Look at the pictures and take turns to_tell (tell) the story.‎ ‎2．If you want to succeed in the years to_come (come), you must study hard from now on.‎ ‎3．It is uncertain whether he'll succeed in passing the driving test or not.‎ ‎4．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.‎ ‎5．Now that the weather is fine, let's go for a picnic.‎ ‎6．I had meant to call you, but was prevented from doing so.‎ ‎7．Therefore, I couldn't spare enough time to write you back in time. ‎ ‎8．He failed the exam and I didn't know how to cheer him up.‎ ‎9．After several years of practice, I think I will finally get the hang of spoken English.‎ ‎10．Depending on their professional knowledge, they quickly put out the fire.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The sun heats the earth, which makes possible for plants to ‎ grow.makes后加it ‎2．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as larger as the present one.larger→large ‎3．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard.on→in ‎4．Cheering up！Your troubles will soon be over.Cheering→Cheer ‎5．We recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happened.happened→happening ‎6．After a fire broke up in the lab, a lot of equipment was destroyed.up→out Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子 ‎1．尽管这并不是像我们期盼的那样好的一本书，但是仍然值得读一读。(as＋ adj.＋n.＋as ...)‎ Though this is not_as_good_a_book_as_we_expected,_it is still worth reading.‎ ‎2．他们是否能够通过沟通达成协议还不清楚。(it作形式主语)‎ It's_not_clear_whether they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not.‎ ‎3．这些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。(形容词短语作状语)‎ These travelers returned to the hotel, tired_and_sleepy.‎ ‎4．无论他在哪里，早饭前散散步成为他的习惯。(make it ＋n.＋to do ...)‎ No matter where he is, he makes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walk before breakfast.‎ ‎5．李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达法)‎ ‎ Li Ming's mobile phone looked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cost_twice_as_much_as his.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——主语从句 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is very important that a student should learn English well.‎ ‎2．It surprised him why they came to visit him suddenly.‎ ‎3．—What has made John look like lacking sleep?‎ ‎—That he had to prepare for the coming exam and stayed up last night.‎ ‎4．What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.‎ ‎5．It remains to be seen whether this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.‎ ‎6．It made Kate's parents excited that Kate entered the final in the tennis match. ‎ ‎7．Whoever has helped to save the drowning old man is worth praising.‎ ‎8．How the book will sell depends on its author. And I think it'll sell well.‎ ‎9．It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe yourself.‎ ‎10．Whether he would like to offer his help or not makes no difference to me.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。‎ Where_he_will_get_a_job_after_graduation has puzzled him much.‎ ‎2．令在场的每个人感兴趣的是他是怎样设法在森林中活下来的。‎ How_he_managed_to_survive_in_the_forest interested everyone present.‎ ‎3．他将要参加会议使我们每一个人都十分激动。‎ That_he_will_attend_the_meeting has excited every one of us.‎ ‎4．我们明天是否会举行派对取决于天气。‎ Whether_we_will_hold_a_party_tomorrow depends on the weather.‎ ‎5．无论是谁只要违法就应该受到惩罚。‎ Whoever_breaks_the_law should be punished.‎ ‎6．已经得到证实，你说的是对的。‎ It_has_been_proved_that what you said is right.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练扩写——让意蕴更丰满 ‎[题目要求]‎ 某中学生英语报正在举办题为“My dream of travelling in space”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。要点如下：‎ ‎ 1.梦想去的星球；‎ ‎ 2.理由。‎ 请把下面短文扩写成100词左右的文章，向中学生英语报投稿。‎ If I have a chance to travel in space, I'd like to go to Mars.‎ I dream of visiting it as I hear that Mars is most like the earth and there could have been life on this planet. Besides, I want to do research on whether it is a planet we humans can live on.‎ I hope I will see many interesting things on Mars.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ If_I_have_a_chance_to_travel_in_space,_I'd_like_to_go_to_Mars._‎ I_have_always_dreamed_of_visiting_it_ever_since_I_heard_that_Mars_is_most_like_the_earth_and_there_could_have_been_life_on_this_planet._The_more_I_learn_about_it,_the_more_I_became_interested_in_it.‎ ‎_Besides,_I_want_to_do_research_on_whether_it_is_a_planet_we_humans_can_live_on._Another_reason_I_want_to_go_there_is_that_I'd_like_to_learn_more_about_Mars_and_write_a_book_about_it_in_the_future.‎ I_hope_I_will_see_many_interesting_things_on_Mars.‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 It was an unforgettable weekend.I had a great time at the __1__.However, after I arrived home, I noticed my owl necklace was __2__.I was so anxious that I __3__ every room in the house, but my efforts were __4__ vain.Then I decided to head back to the beach.My husband thought I was __5__， as the huge beach was nine miles from our home.How could I __6__ one tiny necklace? What if it came off in the ocean? I was __7__ to even consider that as a possibility.I knew I had to try.‎ After searching for several hours at the beach, I __8__ an elderly man with a metal detector (探测器) in his hand.I __9__ up to him and asked whether he had come across a necklace.He opened his hand and showed me his __10__ — some coins.He said if he saw my necklace he would __11__ return it to me.I also wanted him to have enough __12__ to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address.Then I left.‎ My husband __13__ me and said that he would buy me a new one.But I turned down his nice __14__， as that necklace couldn't be __15__.It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.There had been a yard sale in my community.Among the things that were put on __17__ he found the necklace.Unable to ‎ __18__ it, my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n) __19__.‎ Unexpectedly, three days later, I received a package.Inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace.The moment I saw the necklace, I couldn't help __20__.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在沙滩上把自己的项链丢失了，然后又回到沙滩上找，没有找到，最后被一个老人找到并寄给作者的故事。‎ ‎1．A.campus　　　　　　　　 B．beach C．library D．museum 解析：选B　根据下文的“Then I decided to head back to the beach.”可知，这里应该指的是在沙滩上。‎ ‎2．A.broken B．stolen C．lost D．disappearing 解析：选C　根据下文作者后来又去沙滩上找项链可知，此处应指项链丢失了，lost“丢失的”，符合文意。‎ ‎3．A.searched B．cleaned C．occupied D．measured 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，项链丢失了，此处应该是在家里找。search表示“寻找”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.for B．with C．in D．at 解析：选C　根据下文的“Then I decided to head back to the beach.”可知，在家里没有找到。in vain表示“徒劳，白费功夫”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.curious B．anxious C．careless D．crazy 解析：选D　根据下文的“as the huge beach was nine miles from our home”可知，沙滩很大并且离家那么远，故在作者决定去沙滩寻找项链时，丈夫认为作者发疯了。‎ ‎6．A.find out B．locate C．describe D．observe 解析：选B　此处表示在一个沙滩上找一个微小的东西。locate表示“确定……的位置，定位”，符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎7．A.unable B．eager C．prepared D．unwilling 解析：选D　前一句说项链有可能掉进了海里，这样的话，项链就不能找到了，作者显然是不愿意这种情况发生的，所以选D项。‎ ‎8．A.rescued B．noticed C．admired D．hired 解析：选B　作者寻找了几个小时后，不经意间看到(noticed)一个手里拿着金属探测器的老人。‎ ‎9．A.raced B．walked C．crawled D．approached 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，作者急切地想找到项链，所以跑向了老人。race“快速移动”。‎ ‎10．A.achievement B．equipment C．charge D．priority 解析：选A　根据上文提到的老人手里拿着金属探测器可知，他在沙滩上寻找东西，再根据作者问他是否看到一条项链时，他摊开手，手上只有几个硬币，且根据破折号可知，这里应该用achievement“‎ 成就”。‎ ‎11．A.randomly B．gratefully C．gladly D．sincerely 解析：选C　根据下文老人把找到的项链还给作者可以推知，老人此时说的应该是如果看见他会乐意(gladly)把它归还给作者。‎ ‎12．A.time B．postage C．reason D．ability 解析：选B　根据空后的“to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address”可知，作者给他邮资(postage)让他邮寄项链。‎ ‎13．A.promised B．reminded C．blamed D．comforted 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，找不到项链的作者非常着急，丈夫要给作者买一条新的，这应该是安慰作者的话，故选D，comfort“安慰”。‎ ‎14．A.gesture B．invitation C．assistance D．comment 解析：选A　本段第一句是丈夫安慰作者的话，只是丈夫展现的一个姿态(gesture)，nice gesture表示“友好的表示”。‎ ‎15．A.compared B．decorated C．replaced D．recognized 解析：选C　根据上文的“But I turned down his nice __14__”和下文的“It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.”可知，这条项链是其他项链无法替代的。‎ ‎16．A.similar B．precious C．temporary D．expensive 解析：选B　根据上下文可知，那条项链很珍贵(precious)。‎ ‎17．A.schedule B．occasion C．approval D．display 解析：选D　根据语境可知，当时社区在进行庭院旧货出售，既然父亲发现那条项链，说明当时那条项链在展出(on display)。‎ ‎18．A.afford B．devote C．preserve D．repair 解析：选A　根据下文的“my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner”可知，当时父亲买不起那条项链，afford“承担得起……的费用”，符合文意。‎ ‎19．A.advantage B．decision C．exchange D．reward 解析：选C　既然买不起，父亲提出给项链的主人做一个书架以换取那条项链。‎ ‎20．A.laughing B．screaming C．exciting D．crying 解析：选D　根据上文内容可知，作者的那条项链意义特殊，对作者来说非常珍贵，老人把它和作者给他的五美元邮寄费一起寄来，作者忍不住哭(crying)起来了。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 The Shudao connected Xi'an, in Shaanxi Province, to Sichuan in ancient times and is more than 3,000 years old.If an adventurous holiday is __1__ one is after, then a hike along Shudao shouldn't __2__ (miss)．‎ I hiked along the road last year.Certain parts of it were so narrow that even two slim people could __3__ (bare) pass each other.I __4__‎ ‎ (bend) over from time to time to avoid bumping my head against rocks on my left.‎ Despite the rough ground, there are many __5__ (hide) delights appealing to tourists.Blue rivers and towering trees make up much of Shudao's landscape.The varied shapes of the clouds float low, __6__ (surround) the mountain in mist, which gives the road a fairytale touch.‎ A middleaged man hiking along with us carried a big bamboo basket full of sand on his back.After taking __7__ break to catch his breath, he told us the sand was intended __8__ building work in higher mountains.Parting from the kind man, we headed for Zhaohua ancient town, distinguished for many historical __9__ (attract)．It is one of the __10__ (well) preserved sites featuring elements from the Three Kingdoms period (AD 220280)．‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者的蜀道徒步之旅。‎ ‎1．what　what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。‎ ‎2．be missed　miss和句子主语“a hike along Shudao”之间是被动关系，故用被动形式。‎ ‎3．barely　此处应用副词barely修饰动词pass，意为“勉强才能”。‎ ‎4．bent　根据上文的“last year”可知，事情发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．hidden　根据空后的名词delights可知，空处应用形容词hidden作定语。‎ ‎6．surrounding　surround和句子谓语float之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，又因surround和句子主语“The varied shapes of the clouds”之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎7．a　take a break意为“休息，小憩”‎ ‎，为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎8．for　be intended for sth.意为“为……而准备的”，故用介词for。‎ ‎9．attractions　空处被形容词historical修饰，故空处应用名词形式，又由many可知，空处应填attractions。‎ ‎10．best　由空前的“one of the”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用最高级best。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 The World Health Organization (WHO) has made an appeal to scientists, drug manufacturers and governments.The WHO wants them to work together __1__ (develop) drugs to fight 12 bacteria.These bacteria __2__ (be) able to resist __3__ (power) antibiotic (抗生素) drugs.The resistance is so unusually strong that all the 12 bacteria have been given a special name “superbug”．‎ The United Nations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human __4__ (healthy)．It said they have __5__ ability to easily turn treatable infections into killers.The WHO says superbugs can also pass along genetic material __6__ helps other bacteria become resistant to drug treatment.‎ MariePaule Kieny is the Assistant DirectorGeneral at the WHO.She said, “Antibiotic resistance is growing and we are fast running out __7__ treatment options.” She urged governments to give drug companies reasons to develop new treatments.“If we leave it to market forces alone, the new antibiotics we most __8__ (urgent) need are not going to be developed in time，” she said.‎ Antibiotic drugs can lose their effectiveness when people take more or less than the amount __9__ (require) by doctors.When this happens, infections that __10__ (treat) at one time easily become resistant.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了世界卫生组织呼吁开发新的药物，以应对超级病菌对人类健康的威胁。‎ ‎1．to develop　此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to develop。‎ ‎2．are　此处表示客观的陈述，故用一般现在时；结合空前的“These bacteria”可知，应填are。‎ ‎3．powerful　此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词短语，故填形容词powerful。‎ ‎4．health　介词后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。human health意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。‎ ‎5．the　ability被不定式短语“to easily turn treatable infections into killers”所修饰，表示特指，故用定冠词the修饰。‎ ‎6．that/which　that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词genetic material。‎ ‎7．of　固定搭配run out of意为“用完”，故填介词of。‎ ‎8．urgently　副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。故此处应用副词urgently修饰动词need。‎ ‎9．required　分析句子结构可知，require和amount之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎10．were treated　根据时间状语“at one time”可知，treat所表示的动作发生在过去，且动词treat和infections之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 After I elected chairman of the students' union of our school, I ‎ decided to start a school English newspaper for us student. Together with five schoolmates with excellently English, I tried to cover up what was going on in our school. Beside, we took some wonderful pictures about our school life. When the first issue of the newspaper came out, it was very popular with the students. So far, I had been working as the chief editor for half a year, which helps myself a lot with my leadership skills. In my opinion, start a school newspaper can be fun, but it is an huge responsibility as well. I am really proud of that I've done.‎ 答案：第一句：elected前加was; student→students 第二句：excellently→excellent; 去掉up 第三句：Beside→Besides 第五句：had→have; myself→me 第六句：start→starting; an→a 第七句：that→what Ⅲ.书面表达 假如你是李华，你班交换生Amy这两天因身体不适，未能到校上课，请给她写一封邮件，要点如下：‎ ‎1．表示安慰；‎ ‎2．询问她是否能参加下周六学校举行的足球比赛；‎ ‎3．邀请她下个月到你家共度端午节。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Amy，‎ I am so sorry to learn that you suddenly fell ill.It's never easy to adapt to a new environment, and hopefully you'll soon get used to it.‎ As scheduled, our football match will take place next Saturday.I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know whether you can take part in it by then.By the way, our traditional Dragon Boat Festival is coming next month.My family and I are all expecting your coming to enjoy the authentic festive atmosphere with us.‎ Don't hesitate to tell me if you need any help.Sincerely hope that you will be well soon.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua