2021届高三高考英语一轮复习语法专练 专题13 情态动词和虚拟语气专练（解析版） 6页

第 1 页 共 6 页 2021 高考英语一轮复习语法考点情态动词和虚拟语气专练 解析版 一、基础达标测试（本题共 10 小题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 1.The water must ________ (boil) to make sure it is clean and safe to drink. 【答案】be boiled 【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。boil 是动词，“煮沸”，The water 和动词 boil 之间是动宾关系，故此 处应使用被动语态；情态动词 must 后应用动词原形，故此处用“be done”结构，boil 的过去分词是 boiled， 故填 be boiled. 2.I ______________ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 【答案】can't/couldn't 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：对于我们不在家的时候你对我儿子的所有帮助，我不胜感激。“can't/couldn't+ 动词原形+ too...”意为“再……也不为过，越……越好”。故填 can't/couldn't. 3.I should __________ (write) to her, but I didn't have the time. 【答案】​ have written 【解析】​ 考查虚拟语气时态。句意：我本应该给她写信的，但我没有时间。根据句子后半部分“but I didn't have the time 但我没有时间”可知，前一句是表明本该做的事情却没做，有 should have done“本该 做……”符合句意，故填 have written. 4.It is high time that you __________(go) to bed for a good sleep. 【答案】​ went/should go 【解析】句意：是你好好睡一觉的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that...”中，that 从句应用虚拟语气，即谓 语动词用一般过去式或 should do，should 不可以省略。故填​ went/should go. 5.A book _________ (must read) more than once if you want to understand it better. 【答案】must be read 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：如果你想更好地理解一本书，就必须多读一次。根据句意和提示词可知， 句子的主语 A book 与动词 read 之间为被动关系，应用被动时态，分析句意可知，此处情态动词 must 后要 加动词的被动形式，故填 must be read. 6.The teacher advised that we __________ good use of every minute here. 【答案】should make / make 第 2 页 共 6 页 【解析】考查虚拟语气。advise 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略， 故填 should make / make. 7.Nobody would bother to make these classic novels into films if they ________ (have) nothing to do with contemporary life. 【答案】had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这些经典小说与当代生活毫无关系，没有人会费心把它们拍成电影。 根据 would bother 可知，此处是和现在事实相反的假设，if 从句用一般过去时表示现在的情况，故填 had. 8.In my opinion, it is about time we ________ (have) new computers. 【答案】had/should have 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在我看来，我们该买新电脑了。it is...time (that)+虚拟语气，谓语动词用一 般过去时或者 should+动词原形，其中 should 不能省略。故填 had/should have. 9.As many as 150 people died in the explosion. If only the owners ________(pay) enough attention to the safety measures! 【答案】had paid 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：多达 150 人在爆炸中丧生。如果业主们对安全措施足够重视就好了！根据 语境可知 if only 后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设，应使用对过去的虚拟语气，形式为“had+ 过去分词”，故填 had paid. 10.It is required that bullying ________ (forbid) in any school in China. 【答案】​ be forbidden 【解析】考查主语从句中虚拟语气的使用和被动语态。句意：在中国，任何学校都必须禁止欺凌。主句中 含有 require“要求”其后的主语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用(should)+动词原形；bullying 和 forbid 之间是动宾关系，本句用被动结构，结合本题用(should) be forbidden，故填 be forbidden. 二、模拟实战演练（本题共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 1.（北京四中 2020 年 3 月调研）How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden. 【答案】had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望每个家庭都有一栋有美丽花园的大房子。根据句意和句式结构 可知，此处是 wish 后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，且是对现在的虚拟，动词要用一般过去时。故填 had. 2.（大庆铁人中学 2020 年 3 月模拟）They would________ (kill) him if he had not defended himself. 【答案】have killed 第 3 页 共 6 页 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他不为自己辩护，他们就会杀了他。由 if he had not defended himself. 可知，本句是 if 条件句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，主句的谓语动词需用 would have done。故填 have killed. 3（.河北邢台一中 2020 年一模）They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't __________ (stick) in the storm. 【答案】have been stuck 【解析】考查虚拟语气。这是一个含蓄条件句，谓语动词用虚拟语气，根据上文 They set off for the destination too late 可知，与过去事实相反，谓语动词用 would have done，主语 they 和谓语动词 stick 之间是 被动关系，用空格前有 wouldn't，故填 have been stuck. 4.（衡水二中 2020 年 5 月模拟）Tom recommended me that I __________(accept) the invitation. 【答案】(should) accept 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆建议我接受邀请。这里考查 recommend 意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的 虚拟语气，recommend sb. that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”。故填(should) accept. 5.（合肥一中 2020 年 6 月集训）The old man treated the boy as if he _________ his own son. 【答案】were 【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据 The old man 与 the boy 之间的关系，可知说话人认为句子所述的是不真实，， as if 要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过去式，是连系动词 be 时，要用 were。 故填 were. 6.（哈三中 2020 年 4 月模拟）The manager required that the work _______ (finish)before Friday. 【答案】should be finished/be finished 【解析】考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面，其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动 词原形”表示虚拟语气。本句的谓语动词 required 表示要求，其宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”；而且 从句中的谓语动词 finish 和主语 the work 是被动关系，故填 should be finished/be finished. 7.（石家庄二中 2020 年 5 月模拟）Only when the results came out did he realize that he should ____________ (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late. 【答案】have devoted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：只有当结果出来时，他才意识到他应该全身心地投入到学习中去，但是已 经太晚了。Only when 引导的从句中用了倒装，句中表示“本应该做某事却没做”，用 should have done 的形 式。devote 奉献于，动词原形。devoted 过去分词。故填 have devoted. 第 4 页 共 6 页 8.（沈阳 2020 年 6 月集训）If it were not for the fact that you _____ (be) ill, I would ask you to do this right now. 【答案】are 【解析】考查同位语从句时态。句意：如果不是因为你病了，我想请你现在就做。fact 后的同位语从句表 示的是事实，要用一般现在时，不用虚拟语气；you 后面系动词用 are，故填 are. 9.（天津南开中学 2020 年 6 月押题卷）Without your timely help, I couldn't _________ (finish) the task ahead of time. 【答案】have finished 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的及时帮助，我本不可能提前完成任务。根据句意此处需表示对过 去发生事情的假设。could (not) have done 本来能够(不可能)做某事。故填 have finished. 10.（秦皇岛一中 2020 年 6 月考前押题卷）The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone. 【答案】had turned 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：那个女人一动不动地站在河边，好像变成了一块石头。as if 从句表示所述 的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，应用虚拟语气；此处是表示与过去事实相反的事实，应 用过去完成时形式。故填 had turned. 三、情态动词和虚拟语气专项综合训练（本题共 10 小题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） Tom and Peter are twins.They look as if they 1.________(be) the same person.Both the two boys are smart， but Tom is hard-working while Peter is lazy.Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However，people believe if Peter 2.__________(work) as hard as Tom，he would do as well as his brother in his study. At home ， their parents suggest that they 3.____________(finish) their homework before playing computer games.But Peter insists that it 4.______(be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time.Their mother gives in in the end. One day，when doing his homework，Tom found he made a serious mistake.So he put his exercise book aside and used another one.When Peter found the previous exercise book, he_5_______(strike) out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover，and handed it in as his own homework the next day. When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother，she was very angry and shouted at Peter.“How I wish you 6. ________(be) as diligent as your brother ！Now it's time that I 7._________(give) you a good lesson.And you mustn't play any computer games for a month！” “Oh ， no ！ Mom.Without a computer for such a long time ， I 8.__________(die) ． I would rather you 9.______(ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.”Peter was upset. “If you 10.____________(finish) your homework on time yesterday，you wouldn't be punished now，”said the 第 5 页 共 6 页 mother. 1.【答案】were 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆和彼得是双胞胎。 他们看起来好像是同一个人。根据句意可知 说话人认为句子所述的是不真实，as if 要用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词要用过 去式，是连系动词 be 时，要用 were，故填 were. 2.【答案】worked 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：然而，人们相信，如果彼得像汤姆一样努力工作，他在学习上会做得 和他哥哥一样好。本句是 if 条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词需用用过去式。 故填 worked. 3.【答案】(should)finish 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：在家里，他们的父母建议他们在玩电脑游戏之前，应该完成他们的家 庭作业。这里考查 suggest 意为“建议”时在宾语从句中的虚拟语气，suggest that sb. (should) do sth.意为“建 议做某事”, 故填(should)finish. 4.【答案】is 【解析】此题考查 insist 的用法。句意：但是彼得坚持认为只要他能及时交作业，就可以先玩游戏。insist 表 示“坚持要”“一定要”，从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实，此时谓语通常用虚拟语气（即 should+动词原形）； 但是 insist 表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓语一般 用陈述语气, 故填 is. 5.【答案】struck 【解析】此题考查谓语动词时态。句意：当彼得找到以前的练习本时，他划掉了汤姆的名字，并在封面上 签了名。横线处所填的谓语动词形式与 signed his name on its cover 谓语动词形式并列，都是谓语动词的一 般过去式，故填 struck. 6.【答案】were 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望你像你哥哥一样勤奋！根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是 句型 How I wish 后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，并且是对现在事实的假设，动词要用一般过去时故填 were. 7.【答案】gave/should give 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：现在是我给你上一堂好课的时候了。在句式“It is (high) time that...”中， that 从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去式或 should do，should 不可以省略。 故填 gave/should give. 8.【答案】would die 第 6 页 共 6 页 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果长时间没有电脑，我会死的。根据句意此处需表示对将来发生事 情的假设。故填 would die. 9.【答案】asked 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你让我一个人洗碗一个月。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是 I would rather 后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，而且是对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词要用一般过去时态。故填 asked. 10.【答案】had finished 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨天按时完成了作业，你现在就不会受到惩罚了。根据语境 可知 if 后面的句子表述的是一种与过去事实相反的假设，应使用对过去的虚拟语气，形式为“had+过去分 词”，故填 had finished.