2020-2021学年高中英语课时分层作业10Unit4新人教版必修5 6页

课时分层作业(十)　Section ⅠWarming Up Pre-reading Reading ‎(建议用时：30分钟)‎ ‎[高考题型练习提能力]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Newspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past.There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day.Most people only read the sports pages，the advice or the gossip columns，the comics，and perhaps the classified advertisements.Most people don't take time to read real news.They attempt to catch the reader's interest with pictures and exciting headlines.These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when you pick up the paper.The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper.This is why editors always look for a good first page story and a headline to make them stop and look.If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough，perhaps they will go on to read the front page.However，they may read the headlines，but that is all，then they turn to the sports page，or comics，or advertisements.‎ It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper any more.They say they get the news on television now.More people watch television news because it is easier and more interesting than reading a newspaper.What about you？Do you read news from a newspaper？Do you think it is easier to get news from television？Or do you care about news at all？Would you mind if there were no news?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　现如今网络的发展对纸质报纸的冲击很大。本文作者呼吁大家更多地关注报纸。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，newspapers are .‎ A．more popular today B．less popular today C．as popular as before D．getting more and more popular B　[细节理解题。本题的关键是理解文章的第一句话，由此可知报纸的地位已不如从前。]‎ ‎2．According to the author，which of the following newspapers will most probably attract the reader's attention?‎ - 6 -‎ A．The ones with interesting pictures and exciting headlines on the front page.‎ B．The ones with sports news on the front page.‎ C．The ones with classified ads on the front page.‎ D．The ones with gossip columns on the front page.‎ A　[推理判断题。新闻往往用一些图片和令人感兴趣的标题来吸引读者注意。]‎ ‎3．According to the passage，most people read all of the following EXCEPT .‎ A．the sports page B．comics C．advertisements D．real news D　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。]‎ ‎4．The author's attitude toward newspapers is .‎ A．sympathetic B．critical C．negative D．undetermined A　[态度意图题。根据文章的第一句话可知，作者对报纸今非昔比的状况有点感慨，作者认为报纸应该受到人们更多的关注。]‎ B US scientists say they have poured cold water on the theory that washing hands with hot water kills more germs than unheated water.The small study of 20 people found using water at 15 ℃ (59F) left hands as clean as water heated to 38℃ (100F)．‎ National Health Service (NHS) recommends that people wash their hands in either cold or warm water.In this study，scientists at Rutgers University—New Brunswick wanted to find out if popular assumptions about the benefits of warm or hot water and official guidance on hot water －given to the food industry in the US － held true.They asked 20 people to wash their hands 20 times each with water that was 15 ℃ (59F)，26 ℃ (79F) or 38 degrees (100F)．Volunteers were also asked to experiment with varying amounts of soap.Before they started the tests，their hands were covered in harmless bugs.Researchers say there was no difference in the amount of bugs removed as the temperature of the water or the amount of soap changed.‎ Prof Donald Schaffner said: “People need to feel comfortable when they are washing their hands but as far as effectiveness goes，this study shows us that the temperature of the water used did not matter.”‎ However，the researchers accept their study is small and say more extensive work is needed to determine the best way to remove harmful bacteria.‎ - 6 -‎ In the UK，NHS experts say people can use cold or hot water to wash their hands.They say hands should be washed for at least 20 seconds and stress the importance of using enough soap to cover the whole surface of the hands.Their guidance focuses on rubbing hands together in various ways to make sure each surface of each hand is clean.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。用热水洗手比用冷水洗手杀死的细菌更多吗？美国科学家对此进行了实验论证，得出的结论是用热水或用冷水洗手或肥皂量的多少，去除的细菌数量没有差别。‎ ‎5. What does the underlined phrase “poured cold water” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Proved. B．Created.‎ C．Contradicted. D．Accepted.‎ C　[词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，美国科学家针对理论“用热水洗手比用未加热的水洗手杀死更多的细菌”进行了实验验证。在第二段最后一句“Researchers say there was no difference in the amount of bugs removed as the temperature of the water or the amount of soap changed.” 随着水温或肥皂量的变化，去除的细菌数量没有差异。由此可知这是对上述理论的反驳，故可推断出“poured cold water”意为“泼冷水”。即为“反驳”之意，故选C项。]‎ ‎6．After they washed their hands with either hot or cold water， .‎ A．volunteers nearly had the same amount of germs removed B．volunteers all talked about American food industry C．volunteers still had a lot of germs on their hands D．volunteers all didn't feel very comfortable A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的内容可知，研究者让20人用不同水温的水洗手，志愿者还被要求用不同量的肥皂进行实验。在他们开始测试之前，他们的手上覆盖着无害虫子。研究人员表示，随着水温或肥皂量的变化，去除的臭虫数量没有差别。由此可知，用热水或冷水洗手的志愿者手上的去除的细菌一样多。]‎ ‎7．How do researchers feel about their study?‎ A．It is popular. B．It is incomplete.‎ C．It is convincing. D．It is abstract.‎ B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the researchers accept their study is small and say more extensive work is needed to determine the best way to remove harmful bacteria” 研究人员承认他们的研究规模很小，并且说需要更广泛的工作来确定去除有害细菌的最佳方法。由此可推断出这个研究是不完整的(incomplete)，故选B项。]‎ ‎8．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ - 6 -‎ A．Using Cold Water Instead of Hot Water B．How to Use Cold Water to Wash Hands C．It Is Better to Wash Hands in Cold Water D．Washing Hands in Cold Water as Good as in Hot Water D　[标题归纳题。在文章的第一段提出了用热水洗手去除的细菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出了质疑，并且进行了实验。最后得出了结论是两者是没有什么区别的。因此D项为最佳标题。]‎ ‎【解题策略】　如何寻找主题句。文章主要论题的关键是找到文章的主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心集中起来，即为全文的主题句。如第8小题，在文章的第一段提出了用热水洗手去除的细菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出的质疑，并且进行了实验。最后得出的结论是两者是没有什么区别的。因此D项为最佳标题。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 To Live Truly in Today Here are some suggestions on how we should truly live in today. 1 If we're out in the town，then the shops and other people will surround us.If we're in our kitchen，then our kitchen appliances and the sunlight coming in through our window will surround us.‎ Listen to those you meet.When we're with other people and they're talking，how often do we listen？ 2 We may be nodding，but our minds may be thinking of financial worries，or we may be waiting for the other person to finish their sentence so that we can jump straight in with what we have to say.None of this is true “listening”．In order to truly listen to someone，we must be in the present. 3 Hang on every word，and give them the freedom to say what they wish without judgment.By truly listening，you remain in the present with each passing word.‎ ‎ 4 Each day，we have a number of things that we need to do，or that we'd like to do，or simply that we could do.Focus on one day's work at a time，rather than a number of days at once.Find all that needs to be done on that day，and nothing else.If something can be put off，then do so and replace it with something else that is more urgent. 5 Focus on that，and nothing else.‎ A．Focus on what has to be done today.‎ B．To be aware of the past and the future.‎ C．We may even find ways to avoid it altogether.‎ D．Unfortunately，we don't seem to listen that much at all.‎ - 6 -‎ E．Once you know what work is the most urgent，then do it.‎ F．We must really hear what they have to say and not be distracted by our worries.‎ G．No matter where we find ourselves，we are always surrounded by our immediate environment.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇关于我们应该如何真正生活在今天的建议。‎ ‎1．G　[根据后句 “If we're out in the town，then the shops and other people will surround us.If we're in our kitchen，then our kitchen appliances and the sunlight coming in through our window will surround us.”可知，无论我们在哪里找到自己，我们总是被周围的环境包围。]‎ ‎2．D　[根据前句“When we're with other people and they're talking，how often do we listen？”可知，这里是对问句的回答。D项切题。]‎ ‎3．F　[根据前句“In order to truly listen to someone，we must be in the present.”和后句“Hang on every word，and give them the freedom to say what they wish without judgment.”可知，我们必须真正听取他们的意见，不要被我们的忧虑分散。]‎ ‎4．A　[这里为本段的中心句。结合上一段中心句可知，这里应该是一个动词原形开头的祈使句，再结合本段内容，可知选A。]‎ ‎5．E　[根据前句“If something can be put off，then do so and replace it with something else that is more urgent.”可知，E项“一旦你知道什么是最紧急的工作，那么就去做”切题。]‎ ‎【解题策略】　文章结构，助力解题。七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。例如小题4要求选择本段的中心句，结合其上一段的中心句Listen to those you meet.可知，是一个动词原形开头的祈使句，再结合其段落的内容就不难选出正确的答案。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Many people agree that going to a museum is a good way of learning about ancient treasures.However，others may find 1.________ boring to spend hours there.Therefore，how to make museums and their lifeless 2.________(collect)more appealing is a tough question worth 3.________ (attach)importance to.Luckily，National Treasure，a TV program which began to air on Dec.3,2017，sheds light on ways to inspire interest in museums and their collections.‎ Aiming to make ancient relics(遗迹)to come 4.________ (live)，the program 5.________(present)treasures through different artistic methods including dramatic performances and storytelling，6.________ fully explain the history behind each ‎ - 6 -‎ cultural relic，so that audiences can not only understand how to appreciate the beauty of cultural relics，7.________ also know the civilization and the spirit of Chinese culture.In fact，such programs that promote traditional ancient relics 8.________ (become) popular in recent years.For example，a 2016 documentary featuring the Forbidden City's cultural relics and their restorers，called on lots of college students 9.________ (apply) to work as volunteers there.It is 10.________(universal) accepted that National Treasure has been successful in encouraging more people to visit museums by touching their hearts.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了了解古代文物不仅仅可以通过去博物馆，还可以利用综艺节目这一新的形式来了解古代文物，而且这一种方式通过各种各样的形式来吸引观众的注意力，很受欢迎。‎ ‎1．it　[考查代词。句意：有人认为在博物馆待上几个小时很枯燥。分析句子，本句结构为find it ＋ adj.＋to do，it作形式宾语，to do 作真正的宾语，故填it。]‎ ‎2．collections　[考查名词。句意：因此，怎样让博物馆和枯燥的文物收集变得有趣，这是一个值得重视的难题。根据句意可知，这里用名词。]‎ ‎3．attaching　[考查非谓语动词。be worth doing为固定短语，“值得做”，后面接动名词，故填attaching。]‎ ‎4．alive　[考查形容词。come alive为固定短语，“栩栩如生，生动起来”。]‎ ‎5．presents　[考查动词。句意：目的是让冷冰冰的文物活过来，节目利用各种各样的艺术手段，包括表演和故事讲述，呈现各种文物，这种方式也诠释了每件文物背后的历史。主语为the program，谓语用第三人称单数。]‎ ‎6．which　[考查定语从句。 fully explain the history behind each cultural relic作定语从句修饰前面整个句子，而关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。]‎ ‎7．but 　[考查连词。not only...but also为固定短语，“不但……而且……”，表示递进关系。]‎ ‎8．have become　[考查动词的时态。根据时间状语recent years可知，用现在完成时。]‎ ‎9．to apply　[考查非谓语动词。call on sb. to do sth.固定短语，“号召某人做某事”。]‎ ‎10．universally　[考查副词。分析句子，universal修饰accepted作状语，故用副词形式。]‎ - 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