黑龙江双鸭山市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮练习 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 黑龙江双鸭山市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮练习 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated (估计) to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language， mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足够的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation. The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology，and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce， industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West. 1．What would be the best title for this passage? A．The Difficulties of Learning English B．International Communications C．The Standard Varieties of English D．English as a World Language 答案：D 主旨大意题。根据第 3 段第 1 句及全文的内容：英语在各个国家的各个领域的应用，可推知 此题的答案为 D。 2．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. B．There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. C．It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 D．People learn English for a variety of reasons. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据文章第 1 段中第 2 句及第 2 段的第 1 句的描述可推知此题的答案为 A。 3．According to the passage，what is the main reason for the widespread use of English? A. It was popular during Shakespeare's time. B．It is used in former British colonies. C．It serves the needs of its native speakers. D．It is a world language that is used for international communication. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述，英语在世界不同领域、不同的地区的使用，可推知 此题的答案为 D。 4．What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English? A. Those geographically close to the United States. B．Those interested in the culture of the United States. C．Former colonies of Great Britain. D．Countries where international conferences are held. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第 2 句可推知此题答案为 C。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction. With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read. 16. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading? A. No one has come to disturb you. B. Everything is so quiet and calm around you. C. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive. D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed. 17. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more? A. They resemble human friends exactly. B. They are unfamiliar types we like. C. They never desert us. D. They never hurt our feelings. 18. Which of the following is true? A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books. B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading. C. Books can always help you to live a colourful life. D. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books. 19. The word “weary” means ______. A. “to attract someone’s attention” B. “to distract someone’s attention” C. “to make someone very tired” D. “to make someone interested” 20. “... the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that ____________. A. in books the world is more accessible to us 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B. we can ask to go anywhere in the world C. we can make a claim to everything in this world D. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge (D)本书主要讲读好书的益处。 C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句(absorb our attention completely)可知。 C 推理判断题。由第二段第五、六和七句可知。 D 细节理解题。由第二段第八句 One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. 可知。 C 猜测词义题。由两个分句的转折关系可知 never weary 应与 bore 反义，即 weary 与 bore 同义，都是“使 人疲倦/厌烦”之意。 A 推理判断题。由该句所处的语境可推知。 【陕西省西工大附中 2014 第七次适应性训练】C 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂 黑。 Last week I talked with some of my students about what they wanted to do after they graduated, and what kind of job prospects they thought they had. Given that I teach students who are training to be doctors, I was surprised to find that most thought that they would not be able to get the jobs they wanted without “outside help”. “What kind of help is that?” I asked, expecting them to tell me that they would need a relative or family friend to help them out. “Surgery(外科手术)”, one replied. I was pretty alarmed by that response. It seems that the graduates of today are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of others when it comes to getting a job. One girl told me that she was considering surgery to increase her height. “They break your legs, put in special extending screws, and slowly expand the gap between the two ends of the bone as it re-grows, you can get at least 5 cm taller!” At that point, I was shocked. I am short, I can’t deny that, but I don’t think I would put myself through months of agony(痛苦) just to be a few centimeters taller. I don’t even bother to wear 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 shoes with thick soles, as I’m not trying to hide the fact that I am just not tall! It seems to me that there is a trend toward wanting “perfection”, and that is an ideal that just does not exist in reality. No one is born perfect, yet magazines, TV shows and movies present images of thin, tall, beautiful people as being the norm. Advertisements for slimming aids, beauty treatments and cosmetic surgery clinics fill the pages of newspapers, further creating an idea that “perfection” is a requirement, and that it must be purchased, no matter what the cost. In my opinion, skills, rather than appearance, should determine how successful a person is in his chosen career. 53. We can know from the passage that the author works as ________. A. a doctor B. a model C. a teacher D. a reporter 54. Many graduates today turn to cosmetic surgery to ________. A. marry a better manwoman B. become a model C. get an advantage over others in job-hunt D. attract more admirers 55. According to the passage, the author believes that ________. A. everyone should purchase perfection, whatever the cost B. it’s right for graduates to ask for others to help them out in hunting for jobs C. it is one’s appearance instead of skills that really matters in one’s career D. media are to blame for misleading young people in their seeking for surgery 56. The best title for the passage should be “________”. A. Young Graduates Have Higher Expectation B. Young Graduates Look to Surgery for Better Jobs C. Young Graduates’ Opinion About Cosmetic Surgery D. Young Graduates Face a Different Situation in Job-hunt 【参考答案】53-56. CCDB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders(教会) or other non-profit groups. Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service. Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low. Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies. Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death. 1. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _______. A. a church B. a corporation C. a city D. a state 2. The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______. A. schooling and retraining B. practice in a hospital C. facilities he or she uses D. education he or she receives 3. According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA? A. About seven years. B. Eight years. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C. Ten years. D. About twelve years. 4. Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______. A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them B. they can take turns to work long hours C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility 5 Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA? A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay. B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous. C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions. D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded. [全解全析] BDDCA 在美国，医师是高报酬职业之一。这是由于他们需要较长时间的学习和高学费投入的缘故。 B。语义理解题。从第 1 段最后两句话中可得出答案。 D。主旨题。从第 3 段的最后部分中可得出答案。 D。计算题。从第 3 段的 Most would be physicians first attend college for four years… Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years…They still face three to five years of residency 可知答案为 D。 C。细节题。从第 4 段第 2 句可找到答案。 A。主旨题。通读全文便知高额学费和职业风险是医师获得高报酬的原因。