2021届新高考英语大一轮复习抓分北师大版：必修2Unit5　Rhythm学案 32页

一、语基必备知识 ‎ (一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．folk adj. 　　　　　　　　 民间的 ‎2．ballet n. 芭蕾舞 ‎3．album n. 唱片；相册；集邮册 ‎4．anger n. 气愤，愤怒 ‎5．male adj. 男性的 ‎6．female adj. 女性的 ‎7．carriage n. 马车 ‎8．mask n. 面具，面罩 ‎9．pianist n. 钢琴家，钢琴演奏者 ‎10．musician n. 音乐家 ‎11．worldwide adv. 全世界地 ‎12．root n. 根 ‎13．beauty n. 美；美貌；美人 ‎14．skip vi. 跳，蹦 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的 ‎2．unclear adj. 不清楚的 ‎3．award n. 奖，奖品 ‎4．system n. 系统 ‎5．audience n. 听众；观众 ‎6．throughout prep. 贯穿，遍及 ‎7．instrument n. 乐器；工具 ‎8．treasure n. 财宝；财富 ‎9．represent vt. 代表 ‎10．quit vt.& vi. 停止；辞职 ‎11．rediscover vt. 重新发现 ‎12．generation n. 代，一代 ‎13．type n. 类型，种类 ‎14．unique adj. 独特的；唯一的 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．effect n. 效果，作用→effective adj. 有效的，起作用的 ‎2．disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointment n. 失望→disappointed adj. 失望的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的 ‎3．perform vt.& vi. 表演；做→performance n. 表演；演奏→performer n. 表演者 ‎4．base n. 基地，基础→basic adj. 基本的→basically adv. 基本上，通常 ‎5．extremely adv. 极端地，非常地→extreme adj. 极端的 n. 极端 ‎6．creative adj. 有创造力的，创造性的→create vt. 创造，创作→creation n. 创造 ‎7．impress vt. 使(人)印象深刻→impression n. 印象→impressive adj. 令人赞叹的；令人敬佩的 ‎8．combine vt. (使)结合，(使)联合→combination n．结合；联合 ‎9．general n. 将军 adj. 一般的；总的，综合的→generally adv. 通常地，一般地 ‎10．talent n. 才干；天才→talented adj. 有天赋的；有才能的 ‎11．identity n. 身份；特性→identify vt. 辨认；确认 ‎12．transform vt. 转换，转化→transformation n. 转换，转化 ‎13．responsible adj. 有责任的，应负责任的→responsibility n. 责任 ‎ ‎14．permission n. 允许，许可→permit v. & n. 允许；许可证 ‎15．immigrant adj.移民的，移居的→immigration n．移民 ‎1.后缀“ian”表示“从事……职业的人”‎ ‎①musician　　 音乐家 ‎②physician 内科医生 ‎③electrician 电工 ‎④comedian 喜剧演员 ‎⑤magician 魔术师 ‎⑥technician 技术员 ‎⑦politician 政治家 ‎2.表示“程度”的副词集锦 ‎①extremely 极度地 ‎②entirely 完全地 ‎③completely 完全地；彻底地 ‎④perfectly 完美地 ‎3.“音乐”达人 ‎①perform vt.　　　 演出；表演 ‎②performance n. 演出；表演 ‎③classical adj. 古典的 ‎④compose vt.& vi. 作(曲)‎ ‎⑤composer n. 创作者 ‎⑥conduct vt. 指挥 ‎⑦conductor n. (乐队等的)指挥 ‎⑧album n. 专辑 ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．be__used__to　　　　　　　 习惯于 ‎2．come__out 出来；出版 ‎3．at__the__end__of 在……的尽头；‎ ‎ 在……结束时 ‎4．pick__up (用车)接某人；捡起 ‎5．note__down/write__down 记下 ‎6．play__a__part__in 在……中起作用；‎ ‎ 在……中扮演角色 ‎7．in__other__words 换句话说 ‎8．at__times 有时，不时 ‎9．give__up 放弃 ‎10．in__some__ways 在某些方面 ‎11．be__dressed__in 穿着 ‎12．back__and__forth 往返，来回 ‎13．leave__out 省去，遗漏 ‎14．not__at__all/not__a__bit 一点儿也不 ‎15．refer__to 指的是；参考；查阅 ‎16．fit__in__with 与……合得来，适应 ‎1.“of结尾”短语聚会 ‎①in terms of　　　 据……；依照……‎ ‎②as a result of 由于；因为 ‎③in favour of 赞成；支持 ‎④on account of 由于；因为 ‎⑤on behalf of 代表 ‎⑥at the end of 在……的尽头；‎ ‎ 在……结束时 ‎2.way短语大观园 ‎①on the way　　　 在路上 ‎②in the way 阻挡 ‎③in no way 决不 ‎④in some ways 在某些方面 ‎⑤on the way out 即将被淘汰；‎ ‎ 即将过时 ‎⑥in a way　 在某种程度上；不完全地 ‎3.由“back and forth”想到的 ‎①up and down　 上上下下 ‎②day and night 日日夜夜 ‎③here and there 到处 ‎④now and then 时而；不时 ‎⑤then and there 当时当地 ‎⑥by and large 总的来说 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：It is/was/has been＋时间段＋since...意为“自从……以来已经多长时间”‎ It__was Morissette’s first performance in England since her song “Uninvited” won this year’s Grammy Award for the best rock song.　这是自莫里塞特的歌曲Uninvited获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来她在英国的首次演出。‎ 句型2：动名词短语作主语 He also feels that playing__Chinese__folk__music__on__the__piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.　他还觉得，用钢琴演奏中国民族音乐有助于使它走向世界。‎ 句型3：not...until...意为“直到……才……”‎ His mother couldn’t buy him a piano until he was seven.‎ 直到7岁，他母亲才给他买了一架钢琴。‎ 句型4：This/That is why...为why 引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是……的原因”‎ This__is__why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.　这就是为什么他追根溯源，重新发现了中国民族音乐之美。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．The school has a system(系统) of rewards and punishments to encourage good behaviour.‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)At the base(基地) is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.‎ ‎3．Look! The audience(观众) are dressed in a variety of clothes, some in suits, and some in jeans.‎ ‎4．The man quarreled with his boss about the pay and quitted(放弃) the job.‎ ‎5．Between the two generations(代), it is often not their age, but their education that causes misunderstandings.‎ ‎6．(2019·北京卷)They are extremely important in the safe and effective(effect) running of our programmes.‎ ‎7．(2018·浙江卷6月)I was impressed(impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.‎ ‎8．(2017·北京卷)TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination(combine) of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.‎ ‎9．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90yearold has been awarded(award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain’s oldest fulltime employee—still working 40 hours a week.‎ ‎10．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Generally(general) speaking, your arrival shouldn’t be later than the fixed time.‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．From the audience’s disappointed expression，we could tell that the film was very ‎ disappointing and many people were disappointed at it.(disappoint)‎ ‎2．The performance given by the excellent performer who often performed in public was a great success.(perform)‎ ‎3．I should be responsible for the safety of the children. I will take responsibility for bringing them home.(responsible)‎ ‎4．Beijing is such an impressive city that it often makes a deep impression on visitors and its sights also never fail to impress foreign tourists.(impress)‎ ‎5．He is a writer who has a creative mind and he often creates some lovely characters.Luckily, I have seen his latest creation．(create)‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 fit in with; be used to; come out; at times; in other words If you want to be a music star, you should 1.be__used__to being in the public eye. 2.In__other__words,__you’ll become ‎ a focus wherever you go and your fans want to know when your new songs will 3.come__out.4.At__times,__you don’t 5.fit__in__with it.‎ in some ways; leave out; be dressed in; give up; back and forth; refer to Mr. Wang is our English teacher. He 6.is__dressed__in black today. 7.In__some__ways,__he is our friend as well as our teacher. He often walks 8.back__and__forth in the classroom while giving classes. If we 9.leave__out some letters when we spell words, he will correct our mistakes and remind us to 10.refer__to the dictionary after class. He tells us never to 11.give__up when we meet with difficulties in our study.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．从你上次收到你女儿的信以来有多长时间了？‎ How long is__it__since you heard from your daughter last time?‎ ‎2．饭前洗手对我们的健康有好处。‎ Washing__hands__before__meals is good for our health.‎ ‎3．直到半夜回家他才意识到他被骗了。‎ Not__until__he__got__back__at__midnight did he realize he was taken in.‎ ‎4．这就是为什么我们需要每一个人都花费精力并参与其中。‎ This__is__why we need the energy and involvement of everyone.‎ ‎ effect　n．结果；效果，效能；作用，影响 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a ‎ method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects(effect) such as overweight and heart disease.‎ ‎②a.The new law will come into effect in 2022; surely it will have an effect on the industry of the country.‎ b．It won’t be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare every effort to do it.‎ ‎③a.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective(effect) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.‎ b．(2018·北京卷)Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively(effect)．‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎④(普通表达)Smoking is bad for your health, so you’d better give it up.‎ ‎(高级表达)Smoking affects/has__a__bad__effect__on your health, so you’d better give it up.‎ ‎ ‎(1)have an effect on/upon 对……有影响 bring/carry/put...into effect ‎ 实施； 使生效 come/go into effect 开始生效； 开始实施 take effect 生效；开始实施 in effect 实际上；有效 ‎(2)effective adj. 有效的　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees’ professional development.‎ 有利的政策正在有效地鼓励员工的职业发展。(2019·江苏卷)‎ ‎[名师点津] 表示“实际上”的表达还有in fact, in reality, in practice, actually, as a matter of fact等。‎ ‎[词块助记]‎ cause and effect　　　　　 因果关系 side effect 副作用 take effective steps 采取有效措施 ‎ disappoint　vt.使失望　‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句改错 ‎①Disappointing at her boyfriend’s action, the girl began to sob. Disappointing→Disappointed ‎②To his disappoint，his good friend didn’t come to attend his party. disappoint→‎ disappointment ‎③(天津卷)The next day, we got a disappointed message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. disappointed→disappointing ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 他的同事们不支持他的建议，他感到很失望。‎ ‎④He was__disappointed__that his colleagues weren’t for his suggestion.‎ ‎⑤His colleagues weren’t for his suggestion, which__made__him__disappointed．‎ ‎⑥It was__disappointing__for__him__that his colleagues weren’t for his suggestion.‎ ‎ ‎(1)disappointed adj.　　　　 (感到)失望的 be disappointed at/by 因……失望 be disappointed with/in/that...‎ ‎ 对……失望 be disappointed to do sth. 做某事而感到失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 ‎(2)disappointment n.‎ ‎ [U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事 to one’s disappointment＝to the disappointment of sb. ‎ ‎ 使/令某人感到失望的是 ‎[佳句背诵] Your behaviour has certainly disappointed us.　你的行为的确令我们感到失望。‎ ‎ perform　v．履行，执行；做；演出，表演，演奏；(机器) 运转；(人) 行动，表现 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.Personally, performing(perform) an experiment calls for devotion and carefulness. ‎ b．(安徽卷)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted, Henry did his best to__perform(perform) his duty.‎ c．No matter how frequently performed(perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.‎ ‎②(2019·江苏卷)The musician along with his band members has given ten performances(perform) in the last three months.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎ ‎③(普通表达)The__performer__performed__very__well(这个表演者表演得很好) on the stage. Her performance was popular with the audience.‎ ‎④(‎ 高级表达)The__performer__performed__very__well__on__the__stage,__whose__performance__was__popular__with__the__audience.(非限制性定语从句)‎ ‎ ‎(1)performance n．　　　　　 演出；履行；表现 put on/give a performance 演出 ‎(2)performer n. 演出者；表演者 ‎[佳句背诵] As a senior high student, everyone should perform well in school. ‎ 作为一名高中学生， 每个人在学校里都应该好好表现。‎ ‎[词块助记] perform an operation　 进行手术 perform one’s duty/promise ‎ 尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺 perform a task　　　　　　 执行任务 perform magic tricks 表演魔术 perform well in his exam 他在考试中考得好 ‎ award　n．奖，奖品；奖金　vt.授予，给予 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/对比填空(award; reward)‎ ‎①Nelson Mandela received a special award for his contribution to the country’s independence.‎ ‎②Yong Mei was awarded China’s Golden Rooster Award for Best Actress.‎ ‎③It’s a great feeling finally getting rewarded for all our hard work.[能力提升]——一句多译/句型转换 ‎④校长给获奖者颁发了一枚金牌。‎ ‎→The headmaster awarded__the__winner__a__gold__medal．‎ ‎→The headmaster awarded__a__gold__medal__to__the__winner．‎ ‎⑤He made a great contribution to the company, so he was awarded a house.‎ ‎→He was__awarded__a__house__for his great contribution to the company.‎ ‎ ‎(1)win/receive/get an award (for sth.)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 (因……而)获奖 ‎(2)be awarded for... 因为……获奖 ‎ ‎[名师点津] ‎ 名　词 动　词 reward 报酬、奖金或一些非金钱的报酬 in reward for作为……的报酬 ‎(1)给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏 ‎(2)reward sb.for (doing) sth.因……而报答/奖励某人 award 奖品，奖金与prize相似 ‎(1)授予，颁发 ‎(2)award sb.sth.for sth.＝award sth.to sb.for sth.因为某事而把……授予某人 ‎ base　vt.以……为根据　n．基部；基地；基础 ‎ [基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·北京卷)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is difficult. You’d better learn some basic(base) Chinese before you come. ‎ ‎②In my opinion, common hobbies are the basis(base) of making friends. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.‎ ‎③(高级表达)Based__on__trust，the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)‎ ‎④(高级表达)The restaurant，which__is__based__on__trust，is working all right.(定语从句)‎ ‎ ‎(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon...‎ ‎ 以……为基础；依据……‎ ‎(2)basic adj. 基本的；基础的 basis n. 基础；基本原则 ‎[佳句背诵] Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn’t make a forest.” Our success is based on cooperating with others.‎ 常言道，“独木不成林。”我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。‎ ‎ impress　 vt.使(人)印象深刻；使……留下深刻印象；使……铭记 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·江苏卷) After hearing Steve’s playing, Naomi was deeply impressed by/with his music.‎ ‎②a.Impressed(impress) with my performance, the interviewers gave me the highest mark in the job interview.‎ b.__Impressing(impress) the students deeply, Mr. Li’s lesson attracts more and more students.‎ ‎③(湖北卷)What was so impressive(impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。‎ ‎④I am firmly convinced that you will__be__deeply__impressed__with this year’s music festival.(impressed)‎ ‎⑤I do believe that this year’s music festival will__surely__leave__a__deep__impression__on you.(impression)‎ ‎ ‎(1)impress sb.(with sth.) (某事)给某人留下印象 impress (sth.) on/upon sb.‎ ‎ 使某人铭记某事 be impressed by/with...‎ ‎ 为……所打动；对……有印象 ‎(2)impression n. 印象 make/leave a(n) ...impression on sb.‎ ‎ 给某人留下……的印象 ‎(3)impressive adj. 让人印象深刻的；感人的　‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it. ‎ 著名的西湖总是给游客留下深刻的印象，我第一次参观它时就被它的美深深地打动了。‎ ‎ combine　v．结合，联合；兼备，兼顾 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.(福建卷)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, combining(combine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”．‎ b．(福建卷)—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.‎ ‎—I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two combined(combine)．‎ ‎②Several factors combined to__harm(harm) our friendship, which made me very upset.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 他与朋友们合伙做生意。‎ ‎③Combining__with__his__friends,__he carried on the business.(combine，分词作状语)‎ ‎④He carried on the business in__combination__with__his__friends．(combination)‎ ‎ ‎(1)combine...with/and...‎ ‎ 将……与……结合在一起 combine to do sth.‎ ‎ 联合起来干某事；合起来促成某事 ‎(2)combination n. 联合；结合 in combination with 与……联合起来 ‎[佳句背诵] A balanced diet can be better for our health when combined with regular exercise.‎ 均衡的饮食与经常锻炼相结合对我们的健康会更好。‎ ‎[名师点津] 动词＋A＋with＋B：‎ compare A with B　　 connect A with B mix A with B load A with B fill A with B cover A with B ‎ represent　vt.代表；象征；描绘；声称；说明；传达 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world.‎ ‎②In the afternoon, you together with some of our student representatives(represent) are going to visit the Haihe River and enjoy the beautiful scenery there.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 ‎(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)我非常高兴代表我们学校，告诉你们有关即将到来的排球比赛的一些事宜。‎ ‎③Representing__our__school,__I’m glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.‎ ‎④On__behalf__of__our__school,__I’m glad to tell you something about the coming volleyball game.‎ 　 代表……‎ ‎(2)represent...as/to be...‎ ‎ 宣称……为……；把……描绘成……‎ ‎(3)represent sth. to sb.　 向某人说明或传达某事 ‎(4)representative n. 代表 ‎　　 　　adj. 典型的；有代表性的　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Last but not least, I feel it a great honour to represent my class to take part in the group dancing competition.　最后但同样重要的是，我觉得代表我班参加小组跳舞比赛非常荣幸。‎ ‎ general　n．将军　adj.一般的；大体的；笼统的 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)While high school does not generally(general) encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.‎ ‎②In general, body language is as important as spoken language.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 一般来说，短的句子大多数人更容易理解。‎ ‎③As__a__general__rule,__shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people.‎ ‎④Generally__speaking,__shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people.‎ ‎⑤In__general,__shorter sentences are easier to understand for most people.‎ ‎ ‎(1)in general(＝generally)　 大体上，通常；一般地 as a general rule 一般而言，通常 ‎(2)generally adv. 基本上；通常 generally speaking 大体来说 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ①His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone in particular.　‎ 他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。‎ ‎②Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.‎ 一般来说，美式英语和英式英语在发音和拼写方面不同。‎ ‎ transform　vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The company has been transformed from a family business into one with 5，000 workforce.‎ ‎②The past ten years has witnessed a complete transformation(transform) of my hometown.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎③(普通表达)Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.‎ ‎(高级表达)Your generous help and tender care transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable memory.‎ ‎ ‎(1)transform...into... 把……变成……‎ transform sb./sth.from...‎ ‎ 把某人/物从……中转变 ‎(2)transformation n. 改变，变革　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I’m fully aware that it’s the experience from my life abroad that has totally transformed me.‎ 我充分意识到， 是在国外的生活经历完全改变了我。‎ ‎ be used to　习惯于　‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①I am used to working(work) out at six o’clock in the morning.‎ ‎②The power of flowing water can be used to__produce(produce) electricity.‎ ‎③He is used to get up early and he can enjoy the fresh air in the morning. get→getting ‎④My father used to smoking a lot, but now he has given it up. smoking→smoke ‎⑤The old house is used to holding some old machines and tables. holding→hold become/get/be used/accustomed to (doing) sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　 习惯于(做)某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ‎[佳句背诵] I’ve lived in Paris for six years now, so I’m quite used to the traffic there.‎ 我已经住在巴黎六年了，所以对当地的交通非常熟悉。‎ ‎ pick up　卷起；拾起；拿起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；收拾；(用车)接(人)；好转；恢复；买到 ‎ [一词多义]——写出下列句中pick up的含义 ‎①(2018·浙江卷6月)Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos. (用车)接(人)‎ ‎②(福建卷)She picked up Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely. (偶然)学会 ‎③The equipment picked up the signal from the satellite.接收(信号)‎ ‎④My friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days.恢复；好转 ‎⑤The twin sisters were shopping for hours on Women’s Day and managed to pick up bags of bargains. 买到 pick out　　　　　　 选出；辨别出　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ‎ ‎①The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know.　自动语音电话的问题已经变得非常严重，以至于许多人现在拒绝接听他们不知道的电话。(2019·北京卷)‎ ‎②It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly pick out my friend.　电影院是如此的黑以至于我没有认出我的朋友。(四川卷)‎ ‎ in other words　换句话说，也就是说 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(浙江卷) In other words(word), gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of ‎ belonging or even superiority(优越感)．‎ ‎②(朗文辞典)Could I have a word with you after the meeting?‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③Word__came__that(有消息传来) China plans to build the first space station in 2022.‎ ‎④He has__broken__his__word(食言) for so many times that I won’t trust him any more.‎ in a/one word　　　　　　　 简言之，总之 keep/break one’s word 遵守/违背诺言 have a word with sb. 与某人交谈 have words with sb. 与某人吵架 word comes/came that... 有消息传来……　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] They asked him to leave—in other words he was fired.　他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。‎ ‎[名师点津] word作“诺言”讲，常用单数形式；作“消息”讲，是不可数名词，且通常不与冠词连用。‎ ‎ at times　有时，不时　‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①有时我需要做放松的活动来消磨时间。‎ At__times I need to do relaxing activities to kill time.‎ ‎②银行的这位职员让我一直把包带在身上。‎ The clerk in the bank asked me to keep my bag with me at__all__times．‎ ‎③你可以完成你想要做的任何事，但你不能同时完成所有的事。‎ You can do anything you want, but not everything at__the__same__time．‎ at a time　　　　　 一次，每次 at one time 曾经，一度 at all times 总是，始终 at any time 随时，任何时候 at no time 决不(位于句首，句子倒装)‎ at the same time 同时 ‎ in some ways　在某些方面　‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①就某些方面而言，这是个不错的主意，但由于代价太高，它行不通。‎ In__a/one__way，it’s quite a good idea，but the high cost makes it impossible.‎ ‎②那把椅子挡着道。请把它搬开。‎ That chair is in__the__way．Move it please.‎ in a/one way　　　　 在某种程度上 in any way 无论如何，在任何情况下 in the/one’s way 挡道，碍事 in no way 决不(位于句首，句子倒装)‎ in many ways 在很多方面 ‎ It is/was/has been＋时间段＋since...意为“自从……以来已经多长时间”‎ ‎(教材P22)It was Morissette’s first performance in England since her song “Uninvited” won this year’s Grammy Award for the best rock song.　这是自莫里塞特的歌曲Uninvited获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来她在英国的首次演出。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①—It’s a long time since I saw you last time.‎ ‎—Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time before we see each other again.‎ ‎②a.(四川卷)It’s been a month since I came(come) to this new school and I really want to share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.‎ b．It was several years since he had__returned(return) to his hometown.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③他昨晚回来的时候是十一点。‎ It__was__11__o’clock__when he came back last night.‎ ‎④他是昨晚十一点回来的。‎ It__was__at__11__o’clock__that he came back last night.‎ ‎ ‎(1)“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型，意为“自从……以来已有多长时间了”。主句若用现在时，since从句用一般过去时；主句若用过去时，则从句用过去完成时。‎ ‎(2)“It＋be＋一段时间＋before从句”，表示“多久之后才……”。 ‎ ‎(3)“It＋be＋时间点＋when从句(时间状语从句)”表示“做某事是在某时”。 ‎ ‎(4)“It＋be＋介词＋时间点/段或地点＋that...”是强调句型。‎ ‎[佳句背诵] It’s ten years since the scientist set out on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.　‎ 自从那位科学家开始去为发现这一有价值的化学物质而工作，至今已经10年了。‎ ‎ not...until...意为“直到……才……”‎ ‎(教材P26)His mother couldn’t buy him a piano until he was seven.‎ 直到7岁，他母亲才给他买了一架钢琴。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①a.(2018·天津卷)Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend so that they get sweet enough to be eaten.‎ b．(天津卷)It’s difficult for us to learn a lesson in life until we’ve actually had that lesson.‎ ‎②(江苏卷)Not until recently they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.在recently后加did ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎(普通表达)I didn’t pursue my career as an actress until I finished my studies.‎ ‎③(高级表达)Not__until__I__finished__my__studies__did__I__pursue__my__career__as__an__actress.(倒装句式)‎ ‎④(高级表达)It__was__not__until__I__finished__my__studies__that__I__pursued__my__career__as__an__actress.(强调句式)‎ ‎ ‎(1)not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即：“Not until＋从句＋did/does＋主语＋其他成分……”意为“直到……才……”(until后面的从句不倒装)。 ‎ ‎(2)not...until/till...意为“直到……才……”该句型中主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。‎ ‎(3)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。‎ ‎(4)not until...的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Not until he had failed in the job interview did he realize how important confidence was.　直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。‎ ‎ This/That is why...为why引导的表语从句，意为“这/那就是……的原因”‎ ‎(教材P26)This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.‎ 这就是为什么他追根溯源，重新发现了中国民族音乐之美。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(全国卷Ⅱ)However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.‎ ‎②He didn’t attend the meeting.That’s because he had an urgent thing to deal with.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)我们选择这部电影的原因是，它代表了我们亲爱的学校的发展。‎ The__reason__why__we__choose__this__movie__is__that it represents the development of our beloved school.‎ ‎ ‎(1)this/that is because ...　 这/那是因为……‎ ‎(2)this is the reason why... 这就是……的原因 ‎(3)the reason why...is that... ‎ ‎ ……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with. That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job.‎ 我英语很好，很容易相处。这就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。(2018·浙江卷6月) ‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．Among sales representatives(represent) for a large American car manufacturer，those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.‎ ‎2．Without the teacher’s permission(permit)，no one is to enter the library.‎ ‎3．What was Jeff’s reaction(react) when you told him about the job?‎ ‎4．(2018·北京卷)Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry(anger)．‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏卷)It is generally(general) considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．Using computers has a beneficial effect on children’s learning.‎ ‎2．When I went to the bookshop yesterday, I picked out two of the books which I needed most.‎ ‎3．(2018·浙江卷6月)This is why there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it.‎ ‎4．The applicants all tried to make a good impression on the boss.‎ ‎5．In general, I am quite hard working, responsible, capable, and outgoing.‎ 维度三　易错混用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．The old man stood there with his eyes fixing on the old photo. fixing→fixed ‎2．The boy failed in the entrance exams, which made his parents disappointing. disappointing ‎→disappointed ‎3．What was impressed me that night was the excellent performance of the disabled. 删除第一个was ‎4．It is suggested that we could solve the problem in a simple way. could→should ‎5．He said that his research based on his ten years of careful research. 在第一个research后加was 维度四　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．(浙江卷)She was so joyous that even on the worst days, she could make me smile.On a daily basis, she reminded me that life goes on.基础；根据 ‎2．(2019·江苏卷)With their patience and efforts，they successfully developed a combination of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.联合；结合 ‎3．The machine is performing poorly, which means there must be something wrong with it.运转 ‎4．He was awarded the first prize in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.授予 ‎5．You should make full preparations for the job interview if you want to leave a good impression on the judges.印象 ‎6．As is known to us，Huawei has been transformed from a family business into an advanced firm.转变 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ Like most exchange students, Mary 1.was(be) not used to the life in America when she first arrived there. In other 2.words(word), she could not fit in 3.with the fast pace of life there. She was laughed at by her new classmates at 4.times(time), because her English was poor. So she began to refer 5.to a lot of books and practiced speaking English every day. She walked in her room back and forth, 6.reading(read) English patiently. She also worked hard at other subjects so as 7.to__get(get) great grades, which left a good 8.impression(impress) on all of her teachers. At last, she wrote a book about her experiences, which became a bestseller as soon as it 9.came(come) out. Now, she knows 10.for sure what she really wants and what she will be.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①刘先生是一位著名音乐家，他因为出色的表演而获得了很多奖。‎ Mr.Liu is a famous musician and he has__won__a__lot__of__awards__for__his__outstanding__performances．‎ ‎②每次举行音乐会，观众总被他优美的歌声迷住。‎ Every__time__the__concert__is__held,__the audience are__impressed__by his brilliant singing.‎ ‎③他的作品对年轻的歌手产生了很大的影响。‎ His works have__a__great__effect__on young singers.‎ ‎④他对年轻的歌手很负责任，他们从他那里学到了很多东西。‎ He is__very__responsible__for the young singers, who have learned__a__lot__from__him．‎ ‎⑤刘先生在中国音乐的发展中起着重要作用。‎ Mr.Liu is playing__an__important__part in the development of Chinese music.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句①‎ Mr.Liu__is__a__famous__musician,__who__has__won__a__lot__of__awards__for__his__outstanding__performances.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：at the same time)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Mr.Liu is a famous musician, who has won a lot of awards for his outstanding performances. Every time the concert is held, the audience are impressed by his brilliant singing. At the same time, his works have a great effect on young singers.He is very responsible for the young singers, who have learned a lot from him. Mr.Liu is playing an important part in the development of Chinese music.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·洛阳、许昌质检)Jamey Turner often performs to large crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandria’s historic waterfront.‎ A glass harp is made up of differentsized drinking glasses, each containing water. Turner makes music by running his fingers over the tops of the glasses. By doing so, each glass makes a ‎ different musical sound.‎ Turner is 78 years old now. He became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table. He has been playing it for 50 years.‎ Today Turner puts together his instrument by placing 60 different glasses on a wooden soundboard. He holds the glasses in place with rubber bands, which keeps them from breaking. He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or taking away just a little water will change the sound. Adding water to a glass will make a lower sound. The smaller bowls of water produce a higher sound, while the larger ones produce a lower, deeper sound.‎ Turner always uses lowpriced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more control over the sound. Before buying new glasses, he will test them in stores.‎ The glass harp was popular 300 years ago when composers like Wolfgang Mozart wrote music for the instrument. There have been about 400 pieces of music written just for the glass harp. But Turner plays all kinds of music, even popular music from China. Few people play the glass harp these days, but Turner says he sees videos of people experimenting with the instrument on the Internet. He hopes the next generation will continue making their music.‎ ‎【解题导语】　杰米·特纳经常在弗吉尼亚州亚历山大人群密集的地方演奏玻璃竖琴：敲击不同大小的盛水的玻璃杯，发出动听的乐声。他不仅能演奏玻璃竖琴专门乐曲，还能用它演奏中国流行音乐。‎ ‎1．What do we know about Turner?‎ A．He began playing the glass harp at six.‎ B．He often teaches glass harp lessons online.‎ C．He is a great master of the Chinese language.‎ D．He was inspired by his father to learn the glass harp.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“He became interested in playing the glass harp at the age of six, when he heard his father playing with a glass of water at the dinner table.”可知，在六岁时，杰米·特纳听到父亲在餐桌上用一玻璃杯水演奏音乐，开始对玻璃竖琴产生兴趣。据此可知，D项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the author say about the glass harp?‎ A．Its inventor is Wolfgang Mozart.‎ B．It is made up of glasses of the same size.‎ C．It appears to be gaining in popularity today.‎ D．Its sounds are affected by the amount of water in the glasses.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句“He then adds different amounts of water to each one to create different musical notes. Adding or taking away just a little water will change ‎ the sound.”可知，杯子中的水量不同，产生的音调也不同；添加或去掉少量水就会改变声音。据此可知，玻璃竖琴的声音受杯子中水量的影响，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．Why does Turner prefer to use cheap glass?‎ A．To save money.‎ B．To produce better sounds.‎ C．To help recycle drinking glasses.‎ D．To increase difficulty in performing.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Turner always uses lowpriced glass because it sounds better than costly crystal(水晶) and he has more control over the sound.”可知，特纳总是使用低价玻璃杯是因为其声音听起来比昂贵的水晶杯好听，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Musician Pleases Crowds by Playing the Glass Harp B．Playing the Glass Harp: a New Trend C．Jamey Turner’s Dream Coming True D．Wonderful Music Has No Borders A　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“Jamey Turner often performs to large crowds in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. You can find him playing an unusual musical instrument, the glass harp(竖琴), near Alexandria’s historic waterfront.”并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位音乐家为人群演奏玻璃竖琴的故事。故A项最适合作本文标题。‎ B ‎(2020·商丘高三模拟)Kendrick Lamar hasn’t had much luck when it comes to winning a Grammy. But that’s OK：The US rapper has just won a Pulitzer Prize for his music.‎ In 2014, in 2016, and again in 2018, Lamar was nominated(提名) for an album of the year Grammy. Each time, he was beaten out, first by Taylor Swift, next by Daft Punk, and most recently by Bruno Mars.‎ But the Pulitzer Prize committee was inspired enough by Lamar’s 2017 album, Damn., to award the Pulitzer Prize in music on April 16. It’s an amazing album that documents the real life of modern AfricanAmericans in South Los Angeles with wildly accomplished beats and rhythms.‎ Lamar’s win is considered to be historical. The Pulitzers have long displayed their preference towards high art rather than the pop culture of the masses. So it’s not just that no rapper has ever won a Pulitzer: no pop music maker has ever won one in the award’s history.‎ But Lamar is not just a singer—he’s clever at using language. Like the best writers, his music describes small moments that illustrate larger points. His songs are about his experience as a black man who grew up in California, struggled, got into trouble, and found his way out by ‎ working hard and making sense of the history and reality in the US.‎ ‎“He’s an artist who challenges ideas，” said Ryan Coogler, director of the blockbuster(大片) Black Panther, for which Lamar created music. “One big theme in our film is this idea of ‘What does it mean to be African？’ Lamar in his music is very exactly and directly challenging that question.”‎ Good artists entertain us, great artists make us think, and exceptional artists help us empathize(产生共鸣)．‎ There are a lot of good, great, even exceptional artists in rock, pop, country, and hiphop. But only Lamar has won a Pulitzer Prize.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。美国说唱歌手Kendrick Lamar以说唱歌手的身份获得了普利策奖。‎ ‎5．What is Lamar’s album Damn. about?‎ A．AfricanAmericans’ history and culture.‎ B．Hardships of the AfricanAmerican artists.‎ C．The ways the US government deal with problems.‎ D．The lives of modern black people in South Los Angeles.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It’s an amazing album that documents the real life of modern AfricanAmericans in South Los Angeles with wildly accomplished beats and rhythms.”可知，Lamar的这张专辑主要讲述的是生活在洛杉矶南部的当代美籍非洲人的真实生活。故选D。‎ ‎6．Why is Lamar’s Pulitzer Prize win significant?‎ A．He is the first filmmaker to win the prize.‎ B．It is considered a milestone for pop music.‎ C．He is the first black person to win the prize.‎ D．He has missed Grammy several times before.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Lamar’s win is considered to be historical.”和“no pop music maker has ever won one in the award’s history”可推知，Lamar获得普利策奖具有重大意义。故选B。‎ ‎7．What can we learn from Ryan Coogler’s words?‎ A．Lamar drew inspiration from his own experience.‎ B．Lamar has the courage to take on big challenges in life.‎ C．Black Panther is well known because of Lamar’s music.‎ D．Lamar’s music matches the theme of Black Panther well.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中Ryan Coogler说的话“One big theme in our film is ‎ this idea of ‘What does it mean to be African？’ Lamar in his music is very exactly and directly challenging that question.”可知，Lamar的音乐与电影《Black Panther》主题相一致。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·合肥高三调研)It was New Year time. We were travelling in a van(小型货车) __1__ toys to the homeless. When we __2__ the spot, something caught my eye. Something or someone was moving in the rubbish. Soon I __3__ that it was the home of a poor family. There were two __4__， both about my age at the time, and a lady I supposed to be their mother. They sat there __5__．‎ As a little girl myself I was __6__ interested in the little girl. How __7__ our lives were. She lived for the day, __8__ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach. I on the other hand was well looked after and never had to worry about __9__. I had a good education and thus a __10__ future. I looked at the little girl. The only __11__ she had was the wornout dress that she was wearing.‎ Seeing this little girl I made the decision to __12__ a doll that had belonged to me for a while. When the van came to a __13__， I stepped out, called the girl over and __14__ the doll in her hand. Af first she looked at me with __15__ and wasn’t certain what to do, but then she smiled and I saw __16__ in her eyes. I went back into the vehicle and we started to __17__ off, and that’s when we realized the little girl was running __18__. We stopped again and opened the door. The girl had __19__ with us. She looked directly at me and said two __20__ words “Thank You”．‎ ‎【解题导语】　“我们”在新年期间，开车去为无家可归的人分发玩具：“我”远远地看见了一位小女孩，她靠在垃圾堆里寻找食物为生；于是“我”走过去，将刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给了她，然后就离开了；“我们”发现那位女孩在追“我们”，于是停下了车，她向“我”说了句“谢谢”。‎ ‎1．A.showing　　　　　　　 B．recommending C．distributing D．selling C　解析：根据下文“我”送给小女孩玩具娃娃可知，“我们”在新年期间给无家可归的人分发玩具。故选C。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“推荐”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“出售”。‎ ‎2．A.left B．changed C．chose D．approached D　解析：根据上文“我们”在新年期间去给无家可归的人分发玩具，可推知此处指当“我们”接近目的地的时候，有东西引起“我”的注意。故选D。‎ ‎3．A.guaranteed B．realized C．decided D．accepted B　解析：根据空后的“it was the home of a poor family”并结合语境可知，“我”很快意识到那是一户贫困人家的家。故选B。A项意为“保证”；B项意为“意识到”；C项意为“决定”；D项意为“接受”。‎ ‎4．A.boys B．children C．drivers D．adults B　解析：根据下文中的“As a little girl myself”可知，当时那里有两个和“我”的年龄差不多的孩子，还有一位女士，可能是他们的母亲。故选B。‎ ‎5．A.happily B．angrily C．hopefully D．helplessly D　解析：根据下文中的“______ through the rubbish for something to fill her stomach”和“the wornout dress”可推知，他们无助地坐在垃圾旁边。故选D。‎ ‎6．A.still B．less C．especially D．probably C　解析：根据语境可知，作为一个小女孩，“我”尤其对那个小女孩感兴趣。故选C。‎ ‎7．A.similar B．different C．difficult D．ordinary B　解析：根据下文中的“She lived for the day...to fill her stomach” “I on the other hand was well looked after...a ______ future.”可知，“我们”的生活差别很大。故选B。‎ ‎8．A.searching B．getting C．running D．breaking A　解析：根据上文中的“Something or someone was moving in the rubbish.”可推知，当时那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找东西以填饱自己的肚子。故选A。‎ ‎9．A.food B．safety C．health D．transport A　解析：根据上文可知，那个小女孩在垃圾堆里寻找食物，而“我”却得到了很好的照顾，从来不用担心食物。故选A。‎ ‎10．A.doubtful B．distant C．promising D．foreseeable C　解析：根据该空前的“I had a good education”可知，“我”接受了良好的教育，也有一个有前途的未来。故选C。A项意为“怀疑的”；B项意为“遥远的”；C项意为“有前途的”；D项意为“可预知的”。‎ ‎11．A.present B．decoration C．requirement D．possession D　解析：根据上文内容并结合语境可推知，‎ 那位小女孩仅有的财产就是她身上穿的那件破旧的裙子。故选D。A项意为“礼物”；B项意为“装饰”；C项意为“要求”；D项意为“财产”。‎ ‎12．A.give away B．give back C．hand out D．hand in A　解析：根据下文中的“I stepped out...the doll in her hand”可推知，看到这个小女孩，“我”决定把刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给她。故选A。A项意为“赠送”；B项意为“归还”；C项意为“分发”；D项意为“提交”。‎ ‎13．A.station B．stop C．street D．signal B　解析：根据上文可知，“我”决定把刚买不久的玩具娃娃送给那个小女孩，所以当车一停下来(stop)，“我”立刻下车，叫那个小女孩过来，然后将玩具娃娃放(placed)在她的手里。‎ ‎14．A.tore B．placed C．dropped D．threw B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎15．A.anger B．pain C．surprise D．disappointment C　解析：根据空后的“and wasn’t certain what to do”和语境可推知，刚开始那个小女孩惊讶地看着“我”。故选C。‎ ‎16．A.hope B．loneliness C．anxiety D．astonishment A　解析：根据上文，他们绝望地坐在垃圾堆旁边，并结合语境可推知，“我”将玩具娃娃放在她手里，她对“我”微笑，“我”从小女孩的眼中看到了希望。故选A。A项意为“希望”；B项意为“孤独”；C项意为“焦虑”；D项意为“震惊”。‎ ‎17．A.walk B．get C．lift D．drive D　解析：根据下文中的“We stopped again”可知，“我”回到车上，“我们”开始准备离开(drive off)，那时“我们”才意识到，那位小女孩正在后面(behind)追赶“我们”。‎ ‎18．A.behind B．away C．out D．in A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎19．A.got along B．come along C．caught up D．turned up C　解析：根据上文中的“We stopped again and opened the door.”可知，小女孩追上了“‎ 我们”。故选C。get along with “与……相处”；come along with “和……在一起”；catch up with “追上，赶上”。‎ ‎20．A.final B．new C．key D．simple D　解析：根据语境可知，小女孩直视着“我”，说了两个简单的词“Thank You”。故选D。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五 ‎＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·滁州高三质检)A study of 500，000 songs released(发行) in the UK between 1985 and 2015 showed that pop music had decreased in happiness and increased in sadness.‎ In a report published in the journal Royal Society Open Science, researchers at the University of California examined hundreds of thousands of songs and classified them by their mood. “‘Happiness’ is going down, ‘sadness’ is going up, and at the same time, the songs are becoming more ‘danceable’ and more ‘partylike’，” coauthor Natalia L．Komarova told The Associated Press.‎ The study found songs in 2014 like Stay with Me by Sam Smith, Whispers by Passenger and Unmissable by Gorgon City have a “low happiness” trend. However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen, Would I Lie to You? by Eurythmics and Freedom by Wham! had a “high happiness” trend. “The public seems to prefer happier songs, even though more and more unhappy songs are being released each year，” the researchers wrote.‎ Apart from the emotional trends, researchers discovered that dances and pop were the most successful styles of music and that there was a “clear downward” trend, with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s. “So it looks like, while the overall mood is becoming less happy, people seem to want to forget it all and dance，” Komarova wrote in an email.‎ It was also found that the “maleness” of songs—the frequency of male singers in popular music—had decreased during the last 30 years. “Successful songs are characterised by a larger percentage of female artists compared to all songs，” they wrote.‎ This discovery appears at a time when the conversation around sex equality in the music industry is at its height, with more male artists and songwriters.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。‎ ‎1．The researchers examined lots of songs to ________．‎ A．find songs for dances and parties B．choose songs for a journal C．release more songs D．know better about songs D　解析：推理判断题。本文第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。A、C两项曲解文意；B项无中生有。‎ ‎2．Whose music style tends to bring you more happiness?‎ A．Natalia L．Komarova’s.‎ B．Sam Smith’s.‎ C．Gorgon City’s.‎ D．Bruce Springsteen’s.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, tracks from 1984 like Glory Days by Bruce Springsteen...had a ‘high happiness’ trend.”可知D项正确。Natalia L．Komarova为报道的合著者，而非歌手；Sam Smith、Gorgon City所演唱的歌曲有让人开心感降低的趋势，故排除。‎ ‎3．What do we know about songs over the past three decades?‎ A．Rock became popular in the early 2000s.‎ B．Fewer unhappy songs came to light every year.‎ C．Male singers were better at performing pop music.‎ D．Female artists were less skilled in writing songs.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“with the popularity of rock beginning in the early 2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。其余三个选项的内容均与文意不符。‎ ‎4．What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．Pop Music Is Getting Sadder B．Music Calls for Sex Equality C．Pop Music Has a Long History D．Music Industry Is Going Down A　解析：标题归纳题。根据本文首段总述及后续段落的描述可知，全文重点介绍了流行音乐正变得越来越伤感，故选A项。B项仅是本文中提到的一个细节；C项不是本文的重点；D项扩大外延，属过度概括，故排除。‎ B ‎(2020·马鞍山高三模拟)Pangolins(穿山甲) are strangelooking creatures, covered with hard scales(鳞). They can roll up into a ball to protect ‎ themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.‎ Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people. A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread. A few days later, people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins.‎ Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg. Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN), more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years. It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world. In September 2016, the IUCN added the pangolin to the world’s “endangered animals list”. They are now more endangered than pandas.‎ A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number. Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious. Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities. However, their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白), the same material human fingernails are made of.‎ Luckily, the situation is getting better. World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year. It’s a day to help people know more about pangolins. The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China. Breaking this law is regarded as a crime, and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed, according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了穿山甲濒临灭绝的现状，以及为保护穿山甲而采取的举措。‎ ‎5．Pangolins have caught people’s attention these years because ________．‎ A．they look strange B．they appear in some movies C．they are killed and eaten by people D．they have something to do with pandas C　解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“attention”和“these years”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段开头说，穿山甲近来成为中国人关注的焦点，然后提到一张屏幕截图和一些图片里，穿山甲成为人们的盘中珍馐，这与C项的描述是一致的。‎ ‎6．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Pangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.‎ B．More than 1 million pangolins were killed or sold last year.‎ C．Pangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016.‎ D．The pangolin is a kind of mammals.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一种哺乳动物，故选D。‎ ‎7．The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to ________．‎ A．attract people to the zoo to watch pangolins B．lift people’s awareness of protecting pangolins C．remind people of pangolins’ medical value D．explain the law to people B　解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我们把答案定位在最后一段。该段主要陈述了为保护穿山甲而采取的举措，而这个节日能让人们更多地了解穿山甲，从而提高人们保护穿山甲的意识，故选B。‎ ‎8．What might be the author’s attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins?‎ A．Positive. B．Negative.‎ C．Disappointed. D．Unconcerned.‎ A　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，中国政府禁止任何人购买和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止买卖穿山甲，局面正在好转，由此可推知作者觉得这些措施是有效的，故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·安阳诊断)Many people struggle with saying “No”. 1.________ Remember, just because you can do something that does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”. Here are some specific tips.‎ Give yourself permission to say no. Many people have an immediate reaction to say “Yes” when they’re asked to do someone a favor. Keep in mind, you are never required to say “Yes”. It’s actually okay to say “No” sometimes. Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone. 2.________‎ Set up your personal boundaries.3.________ However, that reason does not have to be concrete. Many people think if they can do something, they should. Your reason for saying “No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries. Think about what boundaries you have, and accept the fact you’re allowed to stay true to them.‎ ‎4．________ People often won’t take “No” for an answer. If you say “No” to people, they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind. Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.‎ Practice saying “No”. It may sound silly, but you can actually practice saying “No” alone. 5.________ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words. Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety. Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.‎ A．This will help you say “No” with ease.‎ B．Be aware of potential persuasion techniques.‎ C．Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.‎ D．It’s always easier to say “No” if you have a reason.‎ E．Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.‎ F．It’s rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.‎ G．If someone asks you a favor, you may feel you have to say “Yes” .‎ ‎【解题导语】　我们可以通过设定边界、不断训练等方式，勇敢地向他人说“不”。‎ ‎1．G　解析：根据前一句的内容可知，很多人总是苦苦挣扎，不敢说“不”。由此可推知，如果总是这样的话，当别人要请你帮忙的时候，你可能会感到你不得不说“可以”。故选G。‎ ‎2．A　解析：本段讲述的是要允许自己拒绝别人。很多人会不自觉地接受他人的请求，但是你并不是一定要对他人说“可以”，这是你的权利。记住这一点，将帮助你轻而易举地拒绝别人。故选A。‎ ‎3．D　解析：根据空后一句“However, that reason does not have to be concrete.”可知，D项“如果你有一个理由的话，说‘不’总是比较容易的”符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎4．B　解析：空后三句讲述的是，人们通常不会接受“不”的，他们会找种种理由劝你改变主意，因此我们要坚持自己的决定，不要轻易屈服。由此可推知，我们要知道他人的劝说技巧。故选B。‎ ‎5．E　解析：本段讲述的是要训练自己说“不”。该空前一句提到训练说“不”可能听起来很愚蠢，但实际上你可以独自去训练自己说“不”。由此可知E项“试着站在镜子前，看着自己”符合语境，衔接上下文。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·驻马店高三联考)China’s space program has become the first 1.____________(land) a spacecraft on the socalled dark side of the moon. The landing on Thursday brought the country closer to its goal of becoming a space power.‎ Chang’e 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the morning back to Earth. It shows small craters and 2.____________empty surface that appears to be 3.____________(light) by a light from the lunar explorer.‎ The name Chang’e comes from a subject of Chinese mythology that many Chinese believe 4.____________(live) on the moon for thousands of years.‎ The landing is an example of China’s 5.____________(grow) desire to compete with the American, Russian and European space 6.____________(program). China also wants to strengthen 7.____________(it) position.‎ Hou Xiyun is a professor at Nanjing University’s school of astronomy and space science. He told The Associated Press, “8.____________ the whole, China’s space technology still falls behind the West, but with the landing on the far side of the moon, we have raced to the front.”‎ He added that China plans to explore Mars, Jupiter and asteroids(小行星) in the future. “There’s no doubt 9.____________ our nation will go farther and farther，” he said.‎ In 2013, Chang’e 3 made the first moon landing since the former Soviet Union’s Luna 24 in 1976. The United States is the only country that has 10.____________(success) sent a person to the moon. But China is considering a crewed mission, as well.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要通过讲述“嫦娥四号”登陆月球背面介绍了中国的太空探索发展状况。‎ ‎1．to land　解析：考查非谓语动词。the first to do sth.第一个做某事。故填to land。‎ ‎2．an　解析：考查冠词。surface是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且empty的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎3．lit/lighted　解析：考查动词的语态。根据空后的介词“by”并结合语境可知，此处是被动结构，即“be＋done”的形式，故填lit/lighted。‎ ‎4．has lived　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，指代a subject，在从句中作主语，故此处应用第三人称单数形式；且根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填has lived。‎ ‎5．growing　解析：考查形容词。growing 是形容词，意为“增长的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词desire。‎ ‎6．programs　解析：考查名词的单复数。program是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用复数形式，故填programs。‎ ‎7．its　解析：考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词position。‎ ‎8．On　解析：考查介词。on the whole是固定搭配，意为“大体上”，符合语境，故填On。‎ ‎9．that　解析：考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法there is no doubt that，意为“毫无疑问”，故填that。‎ ‎10．successfully　解析：考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故填副词successfully修饰其后的动词sent，在句子中作状语。‎