2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习学案：Unit8课时跟踪练(三)Lesson2&Lesson3—Pre-reading 5页

课时跟踪练(三) Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Exactly a decade has passed since a man called Oxygen first threw himself across America. Known for his jumping ability, Oxygen, a Czech, who jumped a nearly 10footwide abyss (深渊). Today, Petr Kops, 21, is wearing Oxygen's pants. “I did not know Oxygen personally, but my sister did，” Kops said. “I wear his trousers for good luck.” Minutes later, Kops was standing at the edge of a 70foot abyss called Broken Bones.‎ While it may seem suicidal (自杀的), jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity. Called rock jumping, or simply jumping, this activity is taking place in the AdrspachTeplice Rocks, a remote nature preserve in the northeast part of the Czech Republic. Known for its 11 square miles of sandstone, the region has been loved by lifelong rock climbers. “The aim is to get to the top of as many towers as you can.” said Vladimir Prochazka, known as June Bug, a 59yearold climber and a collector of Czech rock climbing histories.‎ Jumping is often the most possible way to get to the tower. In most cases, climbers jump with a rope tied around their waist. If they miss the landing — which is not uncommon — they will fall into the wall of the base tower. “Jumping requires fearlessness，” Prochazka said. “Broken or damaged bones are fairly common.” Still, there are those who prefer to experience by jumping without a rope. Among the most wellknown of these adventurers are Petr Prachtel and his wife, Zorka, who helped create the sport in the 1960s. They pioneered countless jumps, sometimes without the safety of a rope.‎ 语篇解读：文章介绍了起源于捷克共和国的跳岩运动。文章介绍了该运动的起源和在该运动中几个关键的人物。‎ ‎1．What does “pants” probably mean in the first paragraph?‎ A．Shoes.　　　　　　　　 B．Trousers.‎ C．Jackets. D．Shirts.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据下文中的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他穿的是Oxygen的裤子。故该题的正确答案为B项。‎ ‎2．Why did Petr Kops wear Oxygen's trousers?‎ A．Because he knew Oxygen very well.‎ B．Because Oxygen was good at wearing.‎ C．Because he wanted to be lucky.‎ D．Because Oxygen had poor jumping ability.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他是为了好运，故该题的正确答案为C项。‎ ‎3．Rock jumping is ________.‎ A．becoming less and less popular for it is so far away B．too dangerous to attract any people C．appeared in the southeast part of the ‎Czech Republic D．loved by people who can face the danger 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“While it may seem suicidal (自杀的), jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity.”可知该运动类似“自杀”，故一定为一些喜欢冒险的人所钟爱。故该题的正确答案为D项。‎ B Some people say, “Extreme sports are so dangerous. Why would anyone want to do them？” But the danger is what makes them so exciting. Keep reading to find out the most popular ones.‎ Bungee jumping: People on some South Pacific islands have been bungee jumping for hundreds of years. In 1979, some people bungee jumped off a bridge in England and made the sport popular around the world. Bungee jumping came to China in 1996.‎ Skateboarding: At first, this sport was called “sidewalk surfing”. Skateboarders often jump high into the air, go down steps or slide (滑行) down rails on their boards. They wear baggy trousers so they can move more freely.‎ Skydiving: This is probably the scariest (最惊险的 ) extreme sport. Skydivers jump out of airplanes about four kilometers up in the sky. They usually free fall for a while and then open a parachute to slow down for a safe landing.‎ Snowboarding: This became a Winter Olympic sport in 1998. People tied their feet to the board with special shoes. They don't use any ski sticks. Then they ride down hills, jump high and do tricks.‎ ‎4．What made bungee jumping popular all over the world?‎ A．A history of hundreds of years.‎ B．Jumping over a river in America.‎ C．Coming to China in 1996.‎ D．Jumping off a bridge in England.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第二段的“... some people bungee jumped off a bridge in England and made the sport popular around the world”可知答案为D项。‎ ‎5．In which sport do people jump from a plane or from a high place?‎ A．Bungee jumping and skydiving.‎ B．Skydiving and skateboarding.‎ C．Bungee jumping and skateboarding.‎ D．Snowboarding and skateboarding.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由相关信息“some people bungee jumped off a bridge”及“Skydivers jump out of airplanes about four kilometers up in the sky.”可知，bungee jumping和skydiving都是从高处起跳的。‎ ‎6．Why do some people like to do the extreme sports?‎ A．It's easy to learn.‎ B．It's exciting and safe.‎ C．It's scary but safe.‎ D．It's dangerous but exciting.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“the danger is what makes them so exciting”可知，人们喜欢极限运动是因为它虽危险但刺激。‎ C Toyota‎'s new robot HSR is devoted to a single task: picking things up. HSR is short for“human support robot”. It comes with a single mechanical arm that can hold objects of various shapes and sizes and pick up smaller items with a tiny cup. It doesn't have other tricks, except for a computer panel on its head for surfing the Internet. A person can also access the robot from another computer and use it like a cameraphone.‎ HSR will first be used for people with disabilities and then for the elderly in general. Picking up is especially challenging for people with spinal (脊柱的) disorders and other illnesses. Although it can only do one simple task of picking up, it's already making disabled people quite happy. “We're just getting started, but eventually it will enter people's homes，” the engineer Kouichi Ikeda said. Nearly 40 percent of Japan's population will be 65 or older by 2060 and the rest of the developed world and some developing nations will follow it. “People feel more comfortable asking a robot to pick up after them than asking a human helper，” said Ikeda.‎ Toyota‎ came up with the idea of HSR in 2012. The model should be ready to enter universities, research facilities and businesses next year, where it can get more applications. One disadvantage is that mass (大规模的) production is needed for the price to come down. ‎ The robot has several cameras, including two on its head that look like its eyes and sensors (感应器) on its body. It runs quietly around in all directions. Unlike other robotic arms, HSR's hold and bumps are designed to be soft so they can't hurt anyone. But it can pick up items that weigh up to 2.6 pounds.‎ ‎7．What do we know about HSR?‎ A．It can fulfill various needs.‎ B．It can help get different things.‎ C．It can be made into different sizes.‎ D．It cannot be used to surf the Internet.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段“It comes with a single mechanical arm that can hold objects of various shapes and sizes and pick up smaller items with a tiny cup.”可知，此机器人可以帮助拿不同的东西。‎ ‎8．In the eyes of Ikeda, the robot ________.‎ A．faces many problems B．will have a bright future C．is intended for the disabled D．works best in hospitals for patients 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第二段可知，老龄化社会即将到来，Ikeda认为其机器人将进入到千家万户，有光明的未来。‎ ‎9．What is the problem with HSR from Toyota now?‎ A．Its size.　　　　　　　 B．Its shape.‎ C．Its cost. D．Its function.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段“One disadvantage is that mass (大规模的) production is needed for the price to come down.”可知，这个机器人目前存在的问题是成本很高。‎ ‎10．What is special about HSR compared with other robots?‎ A．It is safe to use. B．It moves quickly.‎ C．It works by sensors. D．It has many cameras.‎ ‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段“Unlike other robotic arms, HSR's hold and bumps are designed to be soft so they can't hurt anyone.”可知，HSR比起别的机器人来很安全，不会伤人。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 The stress of everyday life cannot be avoided. Schoolwork, responsibilities at home, busy schedules, others' expectations, disappointments, etc. — all of these can create pressure.__1__ Adding these simple actions to your regular routine can help you feel less stressed. You need to make sure that you keep doing these to enjoy the benefits：‎ ‎__2__ It's true that all work and no play is bad. But if your schedule is so full of activities that there's no time for homework, that'll stress you out too.‎ Manage responsibilities. Use a calendar to keep a record of tasks, chores, practices, and other duties. __3__ Thus, managing stress also means regular studying and keeping on top of tasks. Take time every day to think about how things are going. What do you need to work on or make time for?‎ Make time to exercise every day. It's hard to feel anxious when you're taking a deep breath on a run, feeling the rush of a downhill bike ride, or playing a pickup game with friends. Exercise can take our mind off stress. __4__‎ Eat healthy food. What you eat affects your mood, energy, and stress levels. Eating healthily doesn't mean avoiding all treats (美食). __5__ It's OK to treat yourself to ice cream occasionally, but if ice cream and sweets are your main source of fuel, you're likely to feel stressed.‎ A．It goes back to that balance thing again.‎ B．Balance responsibilities with activities you enjoy.‎ C．We'd better learn to deal with everyday challenges.‎ D．Planning is no good if you don't actually do what you plan.‎ E．Getting the right amount of sleep is what we need to focus on.‎ F．It also releases chemicals in our brains that make us feel better.‎ G．These daily stressors will pile up if we don't keep them under control.‎ 答案：1～5　GBDFA