广西藤县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮过关题（二） 9页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 广西藤县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮过关题（二） 阅读理解训练 (2015·河北省普高质监) Martha Graham, born in 1894, was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture. She created almost two hundred dance pieces. She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance. Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. At that time, the dancers were looked down on. So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning. Until 1916, she began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts, founded by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing. In 1936, Graham made her defining work, “Chronicle”， which signaled the beginning of a new era in modern dance. The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner. Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil War, it focused on depression and isolation, reflected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes. Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn't give up. Her last completed ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag. “A Dancer's World” is an introduction to Graham and her work. She tells about her dances and her dance group shows some of their methods. Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in nineteen seventysix. She was the first dancer to receive the country's highest civilian honor. She died in 1991 at the age of ninetysix. In 1998, Time magazine listed her as the “Dancer of the Century” and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现代舞之母玛莎·格兰姆的故事和她所 取得的成就。 4．Some famous artists mentioned in Paragraph 1 show Martha Graham________. A．was influenced greatly by them 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 B．kept in touch with them regularly C．had a great effect on modern dance D．liked to make more friends with them 答案：C 推理判断题。第一段中将玛莎·格兰姆的影响和其他的一些伟大的人物相比， 暗示她的影响也非常大，故最佳答案为 C。 5．Why didn't Martha's parents approve of her desire to dance at first? A．She was too old to learn American dance. B．American dance was seen as a lower art form. C．There was no academic school to teach dancing. D．Her family was too poor to afford her tuition. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句 At that time, the dancers were looked down on 舞蹈家在那时是被看不起的，暗示舞蹈在当时是一种地位较低的艺术形式，故最佳 答案为 B。 6．When Martha Graham continued to dance in her 70s, she________. A．was warmly welcomed by the youth B．achieved huge success once again C．received many awards for her age D．was attacked by people 答案：D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一、二句 Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. 知她 70 岁演出时，她受到了一些人的批评，可知她受到了一些人的攻击， 故最佳答案为 D。 7．The text is mainly about________. A．the background of modern dance in America B．the development of modern dance in America C．Martha Graham and her achievements in dance D．the awards Martha Graham won in her life 答案：C 主旨大意题。根据文章的内容，是按时间顺序叙述了现代舞之母玛莎·格兰 姆的一生以及她在舞蹈方面的成就，故最佳答案为 C。 [史地自然型阅读理解(一)]----- (二) Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 the word “chuck”. Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrelspeak. Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their responses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的)．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves. “In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say ‘there's an enemy of average threat that's here’， and whistles without chucks say ‘there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere’， while pure chirps say, ‘I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.’” Hare told. Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds are part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems. Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller's social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls. In fact, another Canadian study found that deepvoiced, blackcapped chickadees have their own language, too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms. While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”． 1．The text mainly talks about ________． A．the study on the language of squirrels 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 B．the comparison between squirrels and chickadees C．the calling for the protection of squirrels D．the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies 2．If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ________． A．whistles with chucks B．pure chirps C．whistles without chucks D．repeated chucks 3．The underlined word “tidings” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”． A．difficulties B．poises C．messages D．languages 4．What can be learned from this text? A．Squirrels communicate with each other as humans do. B．Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls. C．Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels. D．Birds such as chickadees don't have their own language. (二) 【要点综述】本文主要讲了 Hare 以及他带领的团队对松鼠们所使用的语言进行的研究。 1．A 主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们讲述了 Hare 以及他带领的团队对 松鼠们所使用的语言进行的研究。 2．B 细节理解题。由文章中的内容可以看出，B 项正确。 3．C 词义猜测题。下文 such as 后里列举的 directing fellows' activities，keeping in contact between mates，and raising alarms 都是不同的信息，由此可以看出，该词 和 message 同义。 4．B 推理判断题。从文章第二段中“Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的)．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.”可以看出，松鼠们对于“the recorded alarm calls”反应很敏感， 也就是说它们能理解。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 People being tested for radiation exposure The crisis at the damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks. We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences. He is a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland. Professor Links says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at risk of extremely high doses of radiation. JONATHAN LINKS: "Of course, we don't know what doses they've received, but the only persons at risk of acute radiation effects are the workers." For other people, he says, there may be a long-term worry. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident. Professor Links says scientists can use computers to quickly model where radioactive material has blown and settled. Then they measure how large an area is contaminated. He says if the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the water. JONATHAN LINKS: "But that would only be the case if there was a significant release and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then settled out of the air into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables." The reactors at Fukushima are on the Pacific coast. But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean. JONATHAN LINKS: "Even in a worst-case scenario accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution. So the concentration of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low." 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. That memory from World War Two would create a stronger "psychological sensitivity" to radiation exposure, Professors Links says. Next month is the twenty-fifth anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The nineteen eighty-six event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry. A new United Nations report says more than six thousand cases of thyroid cancer have been found. These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The report says that by two thousand five the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths. The cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated milk. The milk came from cows that ate grass where radioactive material had fallen. To get the latest updates, go to Contributing: James Brooke 1. The passage mainly tells us __________. A. What measures the Japan Government takes to solve the nuclear crisis . B. Worries and influences caused by the nuclear crisis . C. With great efforts of scientists , the Japan Government has put the nuclear crisis under control . D. To explain that the nuclear crisis has less effect on its neighboring countries. 2. Which of the following is NOT the influences caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station? A. Workers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of death . B. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident. C. The radioactive material may be blown over the area causing the pollution to water . D. The concentration of radioactivity in the seawater can not be diluted. 3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dilution”? A. chemical B. salt C. dissolution D. elimination 4. According to the passage which of the following is not TRUE ? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 A. Water people drink ,food and vegetables people eat may be polluted by nuclear radiation . B. Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. C. You can go to get the latest news . D. The nuclear accident in Japan is the worst in the nuclear power industry. 【参考答案】1—4、BDCD [史地自然型阅读理解(一)]----- (三) It's only 4 hours flying time from Sydney, but a world away. What better place to rest than a country where the only place people hurry is on the football field and things are done in “Fiji time”？ Viti Levu is the largest island. Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi. Vatoa, on the other hand, is a tiny island in the farthest part of Fiji. Then there are 331 other islands, many of them with places to stay. With less than a million people living on islands, you'll never feel crowded. And with a climate that changes only for five degrees between seasons, there's never a bad time to come. From cities to villages, from mountains to beaches, from water sports to wooden artworks, Fiji can give you more adventures and special experiences than you could find almost anywhere in the world. Whenever you come, wherever you go，you're sure to see some unforgettable events， from war dances to religious (宗教的) songs, from market days to religious days. It's not just staged for tourists; it's still a part of everyday life in Fiji. And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional (传统的) sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant. So why not join us for the experience of a lifetime? 1．Where is the international airport of Fiji? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 A．In Suva. B．In Sydney. C．On the island of Vatoa. D．On the island of Viti Levu. 2．What does the text tell us about Fijian people? A．They invented “Fiji time” for visitors. B．They stick to a traditional way of life. C．They like to travel from place to place. D．They love taking adventures abroad. 3．One of the things that make Fiji a tourist attraction is ________． A．its comfortable hotels B．its good weather all year round C．its exciting football matches D．its religious beliefs 4．Where can we most probably read this text? A．In a personal diary. B．In a science report. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a geography textbook. (三) 【要点综述】本文是一篇描写旅游景点的文章，描写了斐济这个国家的旅游资源，如维 提岛(Viti Levu)，斐济第一大岛。还描写了它的气候(仅仅 5 度的温度变化)、各种运动以 及保留完美的土著传统等等。 1．D 细节理解题。由第二段“Viti Levu is the largest island.Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi.”可知选 D。 2．B 细节理解题。第五段讲述的是当地人们的生活，可以看出他们还坚持着传统的生 活方式。如：And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional(传统的) sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant. 3．B 细节理解题。由第三段“With less than a million people living on islands， you'll never feel crowded.And with a climate that changes only for five degrees 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 between seasons，there's never a bad time to come.”可知选 B。 4．C 推理判断题。文章介绍的就是斐济这个国家的旅游资源，所以文章出现在旅游杂 志上最为合适。