【英语】2018人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit3　Traveljournal　单元学案（7页） 11页

‎ Unit 3 　Travel journal　单元学案 核心词汇 ‎1．After the flood，many things have been ____________(运送)to the flooded area.‎ ‎2．I think you don’t know your own ____________(缺点)．In fact，no one is perfect.‎ ‎3．He is so ____________(顽固的)that nobody can change his mind.‎ ‎4．We shouldn’t have a wrong ____________(态度)towards the students who are poor at their studies.‎ ‎5．My grandfather is unhealthy all the time，but he isn’t interested in life ____________(保险)．‎ ‎6．The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of ____________(日程)．‎ ‎7．We are looking for someone who is ____________(可靠的)and hardworking.‎ ‎8．We tried to p____________ him to give up smoking，but he just wouldn’t listen.‎ ‎9．He is a ____________ young man.Once he has made up his mind，nothing can change it.He is famous for his ______________.(determine)‎ ‎10．Children should learn to behave ____________ because ____________ words and behaviours will help them to reach their ambitions.In other words，if a person always behaves ____________，he will find it hard to realize his dream.(proper)‎ ‎1.transported　2.shortcomings　3.stubborn　4.attitude 5.insurance　6.schedule　7.reliable　8.persuade　9.determined；determination　10.properly；proper；improperly 高频短语 ‎1．________________　　从那以后 ‎2．________________ 喜爱；喜欢 ‎3．__________________ 关心；忧虑；惦念 ‎4．________________ 改变主意 ‎5．________________ 下决心；决定 ‎6．________________ 投降；屈服；让步 ‎7．________________ 照常 ‎8．________________ 在午夜 ‎9．________________ 在某处或某一时刻 ‎10．________________ 张贴；搭建 ‎1.ever since　2.be fond of　3.care about　4.change one’s mind　5.make up one’s mind　6.give in　7.as usual,8.at midnight　9.at one point　10.put up 重点句式 ‎1．___________ middle school，my sister Wang Wei and I have____________ taking a great bike trip.‎ 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行。‎ ‎2．____________ my sister __________ first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.‎ 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。‎ ‎3．____________ she didn’t know the best way of getting to places，she ______________ she organize the trip properly.‎ 虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。‎ ‎4．When I told her the air would __________________ and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.‎ 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。‎ ‎5．____________ she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.‎ 她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。‎ ‎1.Ever since；dreamed about　2.It was；who　3.Although；insisted that　4.be hard to breathe　5.Once 知识详解 ‎1.prefer　vt.　更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)‎ ‎(回归课本P17)Which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train?‎ 你更愿意用哪种交通工具：汽车还是火车？‎ ‎11‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]　‎ ‎①The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.‎ 大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。‎ ‎②I prefer walking to cycling.‎ 我喜欢步行更甚于骑自行车。‎ ‎③I would prefer that you (should)not mention my name.‎ 我希望你不要说出我的名字。‎ ‎④He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping.‎ 他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎1．Even on a cold day he prefers________out to play football________at home.‎ A．going；rather stay B．going；to staying C．to go；rather than staying D．to go；rather than to stay 解析：选B。此题考查prefer doing sth.to doing sth.结构。‎ ‎2.persuade　vt.　劝说；说服 ‎(回归课本P18)Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.‎ 两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]　‎ ‎①I persuaded her into giving up that foolish idea.‎ 我劝她放弃了那个愚蠢的想法。‎ ‎②I finally persuaded him out of smoking/not to smoke.‎ 我最终说服了他戒烟。‎ ‎③(牛津P1482)It will be difficult to persuade them that there is no other choice.‎ 很难让他们相信别无选择。‎ ‎④He tried to persuade me to give up smoking，but in vain.‎ 他尽力劝服我戒烟，但是没有用。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎2．完成句子 ‎(1)不要被说服买你实际上并不需要的东西。‎ Don’t let yourself ________ ________ ________buying things you don’t really need.‎ 答案：be persuaded into ‎(2)她劝我不要放弃工作，离开家人。‎ She ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the job and leaving the family.‎ 答案：persuaded me out of giving up ‎(3)我还不能完全信服这个计划的优点。‎ I am still not fully ________ ________ the plan’s advantages.‎ 答案：persuaded of ‎3.determine　vt.& vi.　决定；确定；(使)下定决心 ‎(回归课本P18)She gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind.‎ 她给了我一个坚决的表情——那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]　‎ ‎①(牛津P545)A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.‎ 会议日期尚待确定。‎ ‎②The teacher’s encouraging words determined him to study harder.老师令人鼓舞的话使他决心更加努力学习。‎ ‎③We determined on an early start/(that)we’d make an early start.我们决定早些出发。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎3．完成句子 ‎(1)No matter what happens，she has ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(决定把真相说出来)．‎ 答案：determined to tell the truth ‎(2)I left the place，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(决定再也不回来了)．‎ 答案：determined never to come back again ‎4.view　n．　风景；视野；观点；见解 ‎ vt.　观看；注视；考虑 ‎(回归课本P22)To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view.‎ 爬那些山是很辛苦的事情，但当我们环顾四周的时候，我们对那里的景色感到吃惊。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎[例句探源]　‎ ‎①(牛津P2243)In my view，it was a waste of time.‎ 依我看来，那是浪费时间。‎ ‎②The view from the top of the hill is wonderful.‎ 从山顶上眺望，风景真美。‎ ‎③In view of the weather，we will cancel the outing.‎ 因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。‎ ‎④(牛津P2243)How do you view your position within the company?‎ 你如何看待自己在公司中的位置？‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎4．I would like to buy a house which has a(n)________over the sea.‎ A．image　　　　　　　　 B．view C．sight D．scenery 解析：选B。view眼界，视野。句意：我想买一座房子，从这座房子可以观赏到海景。image形象；意象；sight视野，强调视域本身；scenery不可数名词，风景、景色的总称。‎ ‎5．(2010年淄博模拟)After so many days on the way，even Charles cheered up at the________of the food.‎ A．look B．sight C．view D．appearance 解析：选B。后半句句意：甚至Charles看到食物也振作起来了。at the sight of看到；look看；view风景；观点；appearance外表。 ‎ ‎5.give in　屈服；投降；让步；上交 ‎(回归课本P18)Finally，I had to give in.‎ 最后，我只能让步了。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ give in to sb.对某人让步 give away 赠送；泄露，出卖 give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等)‎ give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力竭 give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把……送交 ‎[例句探源]　‎ ‎①He would rather die than give in.‎ 他宁死不屈。‎ ‎②He has given in to my views.‎ 他被迫接受了我的观点。‎ ‎③Please give your work in before Monday.‎ 请在星期一之前把作业交上来。‎ ‎④(朗文P641)She gave away all her money to the poor.‎ 她把所有的钱都捐给了穷人。‎ ‎⑤The eggs were giving off a bad smell.‎ 鸡蛋发出臭味。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎6．If a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him________during the day.‎ A．away　　　　　　B．up C．in D．back 解析：选A。本题考查动词短语。句意：如果一个人没有充足的睡眠，在那一天中，他的行为举止总会显露出来的。give away(不经意地)泄露，符合句意。而give up放弃；give in屈服；give back归还，均不符合题意。‎ ‎7．________he is determined to do something，no one is able to persuade him to________.‎ A．As soon as；give away ‎ B．Although；give in C．As long as；give out ‎ D．Once；give up 解析：选D。once一旦；give up放弃。句意：一旦他决定要做什么事，没有人能劝说他放弃。‎ ‎6.change one’s mind　改变主意 ‎(回归课本P18)She gave me a determined look－the kind that said she would not change her mind.‎ 她给了我一个坚决的表情——那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ make up one’s mind 下决心，决定 bear/keep...in mind 记住 have...in mind 考虑；打算 call/bring sth.to mind 回忆起某事 fix one’s mind upon 把注意力集中在……‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎①Nothing could change his mind，so the meeting ended.‎ 什么也不能使他改变主意，因此会议结束了。‎ ‎②(朗文P958)Have you made up your mind what to do yet?‎ 你已经拿定主意做什么了吗？‎ ‎③(朗文P958)You must bear in mind that their customs are very different to ours.‎ 你必须记住，他们的风俗习惯跟我们的大不一样。‎ ‎[温馨提示]‎ make up one’s mind要根据具体人称来确定mind的单复数形式。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎8．Though they met with much difficulty，the team________ to go on with the experiment.‎ A．changed their minds　　　　　‎ B．made up their minds C．took their minds ‎ D．gave their minds 解析：选B。句意：尽管他们遇到很大困难，这个队下定决心继续做实验。‎ 句型梳理 ‎1【教材原句】　When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold，she said it would be an interesting experience.(P18)‎ 当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。‎ ‎【句法分析】　在句子“I told her the air would be hard to breathe”中的to breathe是动词不定式的主动形式，但却表示被动意义。‎ ‎①As far as I know，he is easy to get along with.‎ 据我所知，他很容易相处。‎ ‎②It’s a difficult question to answer.‎ 这是个很难回答的问题。‎ ‎③Harry Potter is interesting to read.‎ ‎《哈利·波特》读起来很有趣。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎9．I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ________.‎ A．to be breathed B．to breathe C．breathing D．being breathed 解析：选B。句意：在夏季我喜欢早点起床。能呼吸到早上的新鲜空气真好。to breathe 在句中作状语，和主语the morning air之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。在形容词good，easy，difficult，comfortable，heavy，expensive 等词后常用不定式作状语，主动表被动。故选B。‎ ‎10．(2010年高考四川卷)In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant________.‎ A．to deal with B．dealing with C．to be dealt with D．dealt with 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。英语中，某些作表语的形容词，常用动词不定式的主动形式作状语。be pleasant to deal with意为“处起来融洽”。‎ ‎2【教材原句】　 Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(P18)‎ 她一旦下定决心，就没有什么能改变(她的心意)。‎ ‎【句法分析】　once在此处为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。‎ ‎①Once you understand the rule，you will have no further difficulty.你一旦了解了这个规则就不会感到困难了。‎ ‎②Once you show any fear，he will attack you.‎ 一旦你表现出恐惧，他就会攻击你。‎ ‎③Once you form a bad habit，it’s very difficult to get rid of it.‎ 一旦养成了坏习惯，你就很难改掉它。‎ ‎[即境活用]　‎ ‎11．(2010年高考北京卷)________ they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.‎ A．As B．While C．Until D．Once 解析：选D。此题考查状语从句连词。once“一旦……就……”，表示条件。‎ ‎12．(2010年高考山东卷)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day，________accompanied by an adult.‎ A．once B．when C．if D．unless 解析：选D。考查连词。句意：“学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出校门。”‎ 作文指导 如何写好简单句 优化句式是指在写作过程中要注意句式的变化，避免平铺直叙，罗列事实。真正优秀的文章应做到长短句搭配合理，主、被动准确运用，适当穿插倒装、强调、比较等特殊句式，并能够恰当使用连接成分以确保各句之间紧密衔接，从而使文章错落有致，如高山流水般顺畅。‎ 简单句指的是只包括一个主语和一个谓语的句 子。英语中简单句的基本结构主要有以下5种：‎ ‎1．主语＋不及物动词(S＋V)‎ The door bell rang./She sat down.‎ ‎2．主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)‎ The flowers are(smell)sweet./Mother isn’t in at the moment.‎ ‎3．主语＋及物动词＋宾语(S＋V＋O)‎ Who can answer this question？/Columbus discovered America.‎ ‎4．主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋O＋O)‎ My uncle gave me a camera./I’ll give you something to eat.‎ ‎5．主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋补语(S＋V＋O＋C)‎ She painted the walls light green./I smelt something burning 以上5种基本结构是英语句子的“主干”结构，所有的句子，不管多么复杂，都是主干结构的扩展和延伸。‎ 反过来说，不管你组建什么样的句子，你必须从“主干”开始构建，也就是必须严格遵循语法规则，这是英语作为一种“形合语言”的最基本要求。‎ ‎【佳句选粹】‎ ‎①I now declare my decision.‎ ‎②I，who am a senior of the English department，now declare my decision that I will run for the chairman of the Students’ Union.‎ ‎【分析】　第①句的基本结构是“主语＋谓语＋宾语”。为了让读者了解更多的信息，第②句在第①句“主干”结构的基础上增加了一些“枝叶”成分。主语“I”后增加了一个who引导的非限制性定语从句，宾语“my decision”后增加了一个同位语从句，这样，该句就在原有的基础上扩充了“我是谁？”和“我的决定是什么？”两方面的信息。‎