2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修5高考提能练（18） 20页

‎2020届北师大版单元复习测验卷：　必修⑤　Unit 13　People ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2019·合肥高三质量检测]‎ Theaters of the Past The Greek Theater Theaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural openair sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.‎ The Medieval Theater The Medieval theater started in churches. That's why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.‎ The Elizabethan Theater The England's theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.‎ The Restoration Theater Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of ‎ the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　该文主要介绍了几种过去的剧院。‎ ‎【难句分析】　The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。in that＝because，引导原因状语从句。‎ 译文：舞台(的设计)是个很巧妙的主意，因为在舞台的两边大的后百叶窗被刷成与场景相符的颜色。‎ ‎1．Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?‎ A．To hold a large audience.‎ B．To build a big and strong stage.‎ C．To have a better sound effect.‎ D．To emphasize exaggerated performances.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第一段第三句“This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time”可知，希腊剧院依山而建是为了可以容纳大量的观众，故选A。‎ ‎2．In which theater could actors' voices and speeches help create scenes?‎ A．The Greek Theater.‎ B．The Medieval Theater.‎ C．The Elizabethan Theater.‎ D．The Restoration Theater.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues”可知，伊丽莎白一世时代的剧院里，演员们必须运用声音和对白才能够创造场景，故选C。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第一段倒数第二句“Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech”可知，希腊剧院的演员注重的是夸张的表演和台词，故排除A项；文中没有提到关于中世纪剧院场景的创造，故排除B项；根据最后一段第二句“Many specialized machines were used to create the scene”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院是靠专业的设备来创造场景的，故排除D项。‎ ‎3．What is special about the Restoration Theater?‎ A．Colorful masks were used.‎ B．The stage was smartly designed.‎ C．Most of its plays were sorrowful.‎ D．Ordinary people were the performers.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句“The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院的特别之处在于其巧妙的舞台设计，故选B。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第一段最后一句可知，A项“多彩面具的使用”是希腊剧院的特色之一；根据最后一段第一句“Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny”可知，王朝复辟时期的剧院上演的故事大部分是有趣的，而非难过的，故排除C项；根据第二段倒数第二句“Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside”可知，D项“普通人是表演者”是中世纪剧院的特色，故排除。‎ B ‎[2019·青岛市高三统一质量检测]Four days after Dad's 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky — he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone.‎ ‎ My husband and I asked Dad to live with us on our small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. He criticized everything I did. I became frustrated.‎ ‎ One day I read an article about a nursing home. Several depressed patients' attitudes had improved dramatically when they were given dogs. So, I drove to the animal shelter that afternoon. As soon as I got there, a pointer's (指示犬) eyes caught my attention. They watched me calmly.‎ ‎ A staff member said, “He got here two weeks ago and we've heard nothing. His time is up tomorrow.” I turned to the man in horror. “You mean you're going to kill him？” ‎ ‎ “Ma'am，” he said gently. “We don't have room for every unclaimed dog.”‎ ‎ The pointer's calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “I'll take him，” I said.‎ ‎ Glancing at the dog, Dad wrinkled his face and turned back toward the house. Then, suddenly, the pointer pulled free from ‎ my grasp. He sat down in front of Dad. Dad's anger melted, and soon he was hugging the animal. ‎ ‎ It was the beginning of a warm friendship. Dad named the pointer Cheyenne. Together they spent long hours walking down dusty lanes and relaxing on the banks of streams.‎ ‎ Dad's bitterness faded, and he and Cheyenne went on to make many friends. Then, late one night two years later, I felt Cheyenne's cold nose searching through my bed covers. He had never come into our bedroom before at night. I ran into my father's room and found that he had passed away.‎ ‎ Two days later, my shock and grief deepened when I discovered Cheyenne lying dead beside Dad's bed. As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dad's peace of mind.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。对生活失去希望的父亲被作者接到身边之后，作者为父亲带回了一只流浪狗，这只狗陪伴父亲度过了余生，作者很感激这只狗的陪伴。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　My husband and I asked Dad to live with us on our small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust.(第二段第一句)‎ 分析：hoping... 是现在分词短语作状语；the fresh air would help him adjust是省略了that的宾语从句。‎ 译文：我丈夫和我让爸爸和我们一起住在我们的小农场里，希望新鲜的空气能帮助他调节一下(他的负面情绪)。‎ ‎4．Why did Dad criticize everything the author did?‎ A．He didn't like his daughter's farm.‎ B．The disease took away his interest in life.‎ C．The state of his illness worsened.‎ D．His daughter couldn't do things well.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。由第一段“Four days after Dad's 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky — he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone. ”可推知，父亲所患有的疾病使他对生活失去了希望和信心。故选B项。‎ ‎5．What was Dad's attitude when he first saw the dog?‎ A．Disappointed.　　　　　　　B．Unfriendly.‎ C．Excited. D．Satisfied.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。题干问的是当父亲第一次看到这只狗的时候，是什么态度。根据题干中的关键信息“he first saw the dog”可以将信息定位到文章的倒数第四段。根据该段第一句可知，父亲第一次看到这只狗的时候，态度是不友好的。故选B项。‎ ‎6．What was the dog's greatest help to Dad?‎ A．He accompanied Dad on his walk.‎ B．He helped Dad make many friends.‎ C．He brought peace of mind back to Dad.‎ D．He improved the relationship between Dad and his daughter.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。由最后一段中的“As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dad's peace of mind.”可知，这只狗对父亲最大的帮助是他的陪伴让父亲恢复了平静的心情。故选C项。‎ ‎7．What's the best title for the passage?‎ A．An Abandoned Dog B．Dad's Recovery C．Friends in the End D．Dad's Last days 答案与解析：C　考查标题概括。题干问的是哪个是文章最好的标题。通读全文可知，对生活失去希望的父亲被作者接到身边之后，作者为他带回了一只流浪狗，这只狗陪伴父亲度过了余生，作者很感激这只狗的陪伴。故选C项。‎ C ‎[2019·太原阶段测试] Diamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth. Diamonds are made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. When a volcano is active, it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.‎ ‎ However, at the same time of such a disaster, diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago. Thus, it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption. Besides, diamonds are also found among the sandy sandstone of certain river beds, and in a few places on the sea floor, for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.‎ ‎ Diamonds are very rare. There are not many places ‎ that produce such precious things in the world. During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the Amazon River. Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich.‎ ‎ The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The_most_recent_and_exciting_discoveries_have_been_made_in_eastern_Russia. But most of the world's diamonds now come from the Congo, from Tanzania, and also from South Africa — which has the largest diamond mines in the world.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了钻石的来源和产地。‎ ‎8．What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?‎ A．Diamonds are always accompanied by volcanic eruptions.‎ B．Diamonds are created by volcanic eruptions.‎ C．Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.‎ D．Diamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第二句“The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth”可知，钻石被认为是财富的象征。‎ ‎9．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?‎ A．The Congo.　　　　　　　B．South Africa.‎ C．India. D．Western Europe.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第三、四两段对钻石产地的介绍可知，西欧并不在有名的钻石产地之列。‎ ‎10．What can we know from the third paragraph?‎ A．Diamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.‎ B．Brazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.‎ C．The Amazon River has no large diamond mines nowadays.‎ D．Many miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests”可知，开采钻石对采矿者来说有可能是危险的，故A项正确。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　第三段并未提及巴西在开采钻石方面扮演着更重要的角色，因此B项错误；C项在文中也并未提及；根据第三段倒数第二句“Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests”可知D项错误。‎ ‎11．What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?‎ A．Eastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.‎ B．The diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasn't discovered until recently.‎ C．Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining.‎ D．The eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查句意理解。画线句前一句提到已知的最早的钻石在印度被发现，后一句提到现在大部分钻石来源于刚果民主共和国、坦桑尼亚和南非。由此可推知，画线句讲的应是最近在俄罗斯东部发现了钻石，故B项“直到最近人们才在俄罗斯东部发现钻石矿床”正确。‎ D ‎[2019·日照高三模拟] The Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans has added an unconventional course to its curriculum. Medical students can now take cooking classes in addition to their usual training. This is intended to improve doctors' nutritional knowledge and encourage them to use food to prevent or cure illnesses.‎ ‎ According to a survey, most medical students in the U．S. receive on average 20 hours of nutritional education throughout their entire education. This is an extremely low number, especially when one considers that diet is at the core (核心) of many modern Western diseases. From Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, reflux to obesity, allergies, depression, and arthritis, eating the right foods can go a long way towards recovery, while significantly reducing dependency on medicinal drugs.‎ ‎ A big part of the problem is that nutritional guidelines in North America are vague, impractical, and difficult to apply. Everyone, from doctors to schoolchildren, learns about specific nutrients and percentages of recommended daily intakes, but that ‎ doesn't translate easily to the grocery store.‎ ‎ Training doctors to cook, however, takes nutritional education to a whole new level. Not only will doctors be able to explain which foods are best to eat, but they will also understand how to prepare them. Tulane medical students prepare for teaching future patients by offering free cooking classes to New Orleans residents — a mutually beneficial arrangement for everyone who shares that food.‎ ‎ Fortunately, the model seems to be catching on. Already two other medical schools have licensed the curriculum and are adding it to their courses. Tulane also offers nutritional training for heathfocused chefs from a nearby cooking school, which makes a lot of sense. After all, with the frequency with which North Americans eat out, we could all benefit from chefs who know how to balance nutrition with great taste.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。位于新奥尔良的杜兰大学医学院给医学系的学生增加了一门非传统的课程——烹饪课，旨在提高他们的营养学知识，鼓励他们用食物治疗疾病。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　Not only will doctors be able to explain which foods are best to eat, but they will also understand how to prepare them.(第四段第二句)‎ 分析：Not only位于句首，句子采用了部分倒装；which foods are best to eat是which引导的宾语从句；how to prepare them是how引导的宾语从句。‎ 译文：医生不仅能解释哪些食物是最适合吃的，而且他们也知道如何准备食物。‎ ‎【词汇积累】　unconventional adj.非传统的；新奇的　curriculum n．课程　nutritional adj.营养的　significantly adv.明显地，显著地　frequency n．频繁 ‎12．What does the author want to tell us by listing the diseases in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Proper diets help cure them.‎ B．Proper diets can replace drugs.‎ C．They are difficult to treat.‎ D．They are typical western diseases.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。由第二段中的“From Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, reflux to obesity, allergies, depression, and arthritis, eating the right foods can go a long way towards recovery,‎ ‎ while significantly reducing dependency on medicinal drugs.”可知，此处旨在表明可以通过食疗来治愈这些疾病。故选A。‎ ‎13．What's the author's attitude towards the present nutritional guidelines in America?‎ A．Amazed.　　　　　　　　B．Confused.‎ C．Dissatisfied. D．Interested.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查观点态度。由第三段中的“A big part of the problem is that nutritional guidelines in North America are vague, impractical, and difficult to apply.”可推知，作者对美国的营养指导方针不满意。故选C。‎ ‎14．What can we know about the course from the last paragraph?‎ A．It will benefit chefs.‎ B．It is becoming popular.‎ C．It has a long way to go.‎ D．It encourages eating out.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“Already two other medical schools have licensed the curriculum and are adding it to their courses.”可推知，已经有学校添加了该课程，说明该课程越来越受欢迎。故选B。‎ ‎15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Take a Cooking Course B．Learn to Be a Good Doctor C．Live Your Life to the Full D．Let Food Be Your Medicine 答案与解析：D　考查标题概括。本文是一篇说明文。位于新奥尔良的杜兰大学医学院给医学系的学生增加了一门非传统的课程——烹饪课，旨在提高他们的营养学知识，鼓励他们用食物治疗疾病。本文强调食疗的作用，因此D项更确切、更形象，适合做本文标题。故选D。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·济南模拟] We accomplish our goals one step at a time, doing a little each day. So, starting your day on the right foot is most important. __1__‎ ‎■Get up an hour early.‎ ‎ People who get up early in the morning have a jump on the day. In American English, We like to say, “The early bird gets the worm.” __2__ This expression means that people who rise up early have a head start and, therefore, are more likely to succeed.‎ ‎■Don't answer email or jump into social media as soon as you get up.‎ ‎ We've all done it. You see a Facebook post from a friend you haven't seen for a long time. He is angry about some political issue and the heated discussion pulls you in. __3__ You hurry out the door so as not to be late for work. This is not the best way to start your day.‎ ‎■Exercise!‎ ‎ Physical fitness experts and trainers often suggest some form of exercise in the morning because the middle of the day ‎ is a busy time for most people. By the day's end, you may not have the time or energy to exercise. __4__‎ ‎■Think about your day at night.‎ ‎ Take time at the end of the day to think back on all the things that have happened. __5__ It may help you to prepare if you take a few minutes to think about what you need to do the next day.‎ A．And spend a little time to think about tomorrow.‎ B．Here, if you're a bird, the worm is the reward.‎ C．In fact, the morning may be the most productive part of your day.‎ D．Exercising in the morning prevents that from happening.‎ E．Avoid jumping into social media as soon as you get up.‎ F．Here are four ideas on how to start your day off right.‎ G．Before you know it, an hour has passed.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。目标是通过每天努力，一步步实现的。每天有一个好的开始十分重要。文章主要介绍了如何正确开始每一天的四条建议。‎ ‎【长难句分析】　This expression means that people who rise up early have a head start and, therefore, are more likely to succeed.(第二段最后一句)‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，作means的宾语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。‎ 译文：这个表达意味着早起的人有一个领先的开始，因此也更有可能成功。‎ ‎【词汇积累】　accomplish v．实现　political adj.政治的　physical adj.身体的　energy n．精力，力量 ‎1．答案与解析：F　根据上一句“So, starting your day on the right foot is most important.”和下文的四个小标题可知，此处应是一个承上启下的句子。F项“这是关于如何正确开始你的一天的四条建议”符合语境。故选F项。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：B　根据上一句“The early bird gets the worm.”可知，此处应具体解释“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”的意义。B项“也就是说，如果你是一只鸟，虫子就是你的奖励”承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：G　根据上一句中的“pulls you in”和下一句“You hurry out the door so as not to be late for work.”可知，你在Facebook上看到一位久未谋面的朋友的帖子，他对一些政治问题感到愤怒，你也加入这一激烈的讨论中，等你意识到时，一个小时已经过去了，由此导致的结果就是你怕上班迟到，匆匆地出门。G项符合语境。故选G项。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：D　上文解释了中午和晚上无法进行身体锻炼的原因，所以此处建议晨练。D项“晨练会避免这种情况发生”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：A　根据下一句“It may help you to prepare if you take a few minutes to think about what you need to do the next day.”可知，A项中的“tomorrow”与此处的“the next day”相匹配，表示花点时间规划一下明天，它可以让你准备得更加充分。故选A项。‎ 课时练(二)　英语知识运用板块练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 )‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2019·成都诊断]When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $ 500,000“genius grant”from the MacArthur Foundation, she didn't buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. __1__， she put the money in the bank and __2__ writing poems.‎ In 2011, she finally __3__ what to do with it. That year，Heather's godson and his wife __4__ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled.“I saw how people's __5__ can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a __6__ situation，”says Heather.‎ She __7__ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather __8__ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation, with all __9__ paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years.‎ Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a __10__ vacation, she couldn't __11__it; disbelief even __12__ her concern about leaving her two kids.‎ Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy the __13__ things.“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to ，”says Tricia. She was afraid the __14__would return when the __15__ was over, but to her surprise, it hasn't been back since.‎ Heather says Tricia's __16__ resembles those of the other ten caregivers she helps every year. “Before the vacation they are so __17__， but the __18__ is so amazing. They reflect and relax. It feels __19__ like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another __20__ ，”she adds.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Heather McHugh 利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。‎ ‎【核心词汇】　foundation n．基金会　severely adv. 严重地　nonprofit adj. 非营利的　vacation n．假期，休假　concern n．关心；忧虑　v．涉及；关系到　favorite n. 最喜欢的人；亲信 adj.特别喜爱的　resemble v．相似，像，类似　reflect v. 反射；反映，表现；照出，映出；仔细思考 ‎1．A.However　　　　　　　　B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides 答案与解析：C　根据空处前一句中的“she didn't buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris”可知，在获得了五十万美元的奖金后，她并没有购买汽车或去旅游；结合该句中的“she put the money in ‎ the bank”可知，反而，她将这些钱存入银行。C项意为“而是，反而”，符合语境。however“然而”；therefore “因此”；besides“此外”。‎ ‎2．A.continued B．quitted C．practiced D．started 答案与解析：A　根据前一句中的“a poet”，结合该句中的“she put the money in the bank and __2__ writing poems”可知，她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续 (continued) 写诗。quit “停止”；practice “实践；训练”。‎ ‎3．A.thought over B．wondered C．talked about D．decided 答案与解析：D　根据下文中的“Heather __8__ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。think over“仔细考虑”；wonder“想知道；好奇”；talk about “谈到，谈论”；decide“决定”符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.held B．welcomed C．lost D．saved 答案与解析：B　Heather 的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，那是一个漂亮的女婴，但是有严重的残疾。welcome“迎接”符合语境。hold意为“握着；举行”；lose意为“失去”；save意为“拯救；节约”。‎ ‎5．A.feelings B．future C．lives D．routine 答案与解析：C　根据语境，并结合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾的女婴可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives) 是如何在一夜之间发生改变的。routine“惯例，常规”。‎ ‎6．A.different B．similar C．worse D．better 答案与解析：B　根据上文提到的Heather 的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾女婴并且Heather 看到了人的生活是如何在一夜之间发生改变的可知，Heather 开始关注那些有相似(similar)境遇的人。‎ ‎7．A.discovered B．claimed C．admitted D．felt 答案与解析：A　她发现有数百万照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员。claim“宣称；断言”；admit“承认”；discover“发现”。‎ ‎8．A.donated B．found C．visited D．formed 答案与解析：D　因此Heather 在2012年建立了一个非营利组织，为那些成为护理员至少十年的人提供七天免费(free)休假。form“建立；组成”符合语境。donate“捐赠”；find“发现”；visit“参观”。‎ ‎9．A.taxes B．salary C．expenses D．rent 答案与解析：C　参见上题解析。expense“花费”符合语境。tax“税”；salary“薪水”；rent“租金”。‎ ‎10．A.free B．caring C．short D．long 答案与解析：A　参见8题解析。free“免费的”。‎ ‎11．A.believe B．take C．refuse D．enjoy 答案与解析：A　根据空后的“disbelief”可知，Tricia 不相信她获得了一个免费休假这件事。A项意为“相信”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.woke B．defeated C．showed D．moved 答案与解析：B　根据下一段中的“Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy”可知，Tricia 接受了免费休假这件事情，由此可知，她对免费休假的怀疑(和向往) 打败(defeated) 了对于留下孩子们的担忧。wake“醒来”；show“展示”；move“移动”。‎ ‎13．A.wonderful B．delicious C．peaceful D．simple 答案与解析：D　根据空后的“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to”可知，Tricia在度假时所做的事情都是很普通、很简单的(simple) 事情。wonderful“精彩的，极棒的”；delicious“美味的”；peaceful“平静的；和平的”。‎ ‎14．A.heaviness B．pain C．sadness D．disbelief 答案与解析：A　她担心度假结束后，自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷，但出乎她意料的是后来的生活并没有回到从前。根据上文可知，Tricia 是一个护理员，平时的工作都是照顾病人，生活少有放松的时候，故heaviness“沉闷”符合语境。pain“伤痛”；sadness“伤心，悲伤”；disbelief“怀疑；不信任”。‎ ‎15．A.entertainment B．dream C．vacation D．freedom 答案与解析：C　根据第四段第一句“Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation”可知选C。‎ ‎16．A.comment B．story C．surprise D．fortune 答案与解析：B　上文讲述的是Tricia 享受免费休假的故事，故B项story“故事”符合语境。‎ ‎17．A.worried B．confused C．unexpected D．stressed 答案与解析：D　根据上文提到的Tricia担心度假结束后自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷可知，D项“stressed”符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.award B．change C．scenery D．accommodation 答案与解析：B　根据上文可知，其他看护人员和Tricia 一样，在度假前他们的生活较为沉闷；结合后一句“They reflect and relax”可知，在度假之后，他们变得很放松。据此可知，这样的改变令人惊讶。change意为“改变”，符合语境。award“奖”；scenery“风景”；accommodation“住宿”。‎ ‎19．A.slightly B．interestingly C．magically D．mostly 答案与解析：C　这神奇得(magically)像是另外一个世界，并且给了他们一个从另一个角度(angle)看待他们的生活的机会。slightly“轻微地”；interestingly“有趣地”；mostly“大多地”；magically“魔法般地”符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.place B．situation C．height D．angle 答案与解析：D　参见上题解析。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分 )‎ 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·青岛市统一检测]‎ Washington ‘Nap Cafe’ Helps Busy Workers Slow Down Daniel Turissini used to work long hours as a consultant in the Washington, D. C. area. He always __1__ (feel) tired by the middle of the work day.He asked business professionals __2__ they did to feel more __3__ (energy) during the day. Some told him they rested midday in their cars.Others said they took short naps at their desks.‎ For Turissini, their answers showed a need for Washington professionals — a place __4__ (go) during the day to take a proper nap.‎ As __5__ result, a few months ago，he opened a nap cafe in the center of America's capital city. It is called Recharj. After turning __6__ all of their electronic devices，Recharj customers lie down in socalled “power nap cocoons”．The cocoons __7__ (intend) to help people fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling refreshed, The customers sleep for about 20 minutes before __8__ (return) to work. Turissini says Recharj __9__ (offer) a solution to the city's fastpaced lifestyle — a chance to slow down.‎ Mari Aponte is a lawyer in Washington. She says she often feels tired and __10__ (stress) after hours of sitting down at work. “What I like most about coming here is that I can breathe. It helps stop time and just balance my day.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Daniel Turissini 过去长时间工作，得不到好的休息，他觉得像他这样的人需要找一个地方进行短暂休息。于是他开了一家名叫 Recharj 的咖啡馆，帮助繁忙的工作者在快节奏的生活中慢下来。‎ ‎ 1.答案与解析：felt　考查动词的时态。此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 felt。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：what　考查宾语从句。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺宾语。故填 what。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：energetic　考查词性转换。feel是系动词，后面用形容词构成系表结构。故填 energetic。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：to go　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作 a place的后置定语。故填 to go。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：a　考查固定短语。固定短语 as a result 意为“结果”，符合语境。故填a。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：off　考查固定短语。此处指关掉他们所有的电子设备之后。固定短语 turn off 意为“关掉”，符合语境。故填off。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：are intended　考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语是“The cocoons”，且与动词 intend 之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 are intended。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：returning　考查非谓语动词。before 在此处为介词，其后要用v.ing形式。故填 returning。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：offers　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句为省略了 that 的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时；主语“Recharj”是单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填 offers。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：stressed　考查词性转换。此处作“feels”的表语，与“tired”并列，应用形容词。故填 stressed。‎ 课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎[2019·福建省高三质量检查] Mao Zhaomu drop out of high school several years ago. Now the selftaught English learner has been admitted to one of China's top foreign language university, Sichuan International Studies University, that he used to deliver food to students. Mao once worked a delivery man for a restaurant. And he chatted happy with English learners online during her spare time.‎ ‎ There were much grammatical mistakes, but that didn't prevent him from chatting. To seize every chance to study English, he would memorize words while wait for customers, Mao said that how he hoped very much to become an interpreter. Whoever have a dream and dares to seek it is the loveliest person.‎ 答案：‎ ‎ Mao Zhaomu out of high school several years ago. Now the selftaught English learner has been admitted to one of China's top foreign language ， Sichuan International Studies University, he used to deliver food to students. Mao once worked a delivery man for a restaurant. And he chatted with English learners online during spare time. There were grammatical mistakes, but that didn't prevent him from chatting. To seize every chance to study English, he would memorize words while for customers, Mao said that he hoped very much to become an interpreter. Whoever a dream and dares to seek it is the loveliest person.‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·石家庄模拟一]假定你是李华，你所在的校运动俱乐部将面向外国朋友开设太极(Tai Chi)课。请写一封邮件，邀请你校的英国交换生Peter参加。要点如下：‎ ‎1．上课时间与地点；‎ ‎2．报名的截止日期。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Peter，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【范文赏读】‎ Dear_Peter，‎ How's everything going? ①I'm Li Hua, writing to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class held by our sports club.‎ ‎②Tai Chi, originated in China, enjoys great popularity. Anyone, regardless of age or levels of fitness, can practice and benefit from Tai Chi. ③Practicing Tai Chi, you will feel mentally and physically relaxed with the harmonious movements. ④I'm sure you will develop a great interest in this gentle exercise. The class will start between 5：00 p．m. and 6：00 p．m. every Monday in our school gym next month. The closing date for entry is next Tuesday. ⑤Please let me know if you want to sign your name.‎ ‎⑥Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua ‎【一句多译】‎ ‎①表达方式一：I'm Li Hua and I'd like to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class which is held by our sports club.‎ 表达方式二：I'm Li Hua, and would you like to join the Tai Chi class which is held by our sports club?‎ ‎②Tai Chi, which is originated in China, enjoys great popularity.‎ ‎③表达方式一：When you practice Tai Chi, you will feel mentally and physically relaxed with the harmonious movements.‎ 表达方式二：Practice Tai Chi, and you will feel mentally and physically relaxed with the harmonious movements.‎ ‎④It is certain that you will develop a great interest in this gentle exercise.‎ ‎⑤I'll appreciate it if you let me know whether you want to sign your name.‎ ‎⑥表达方式一：Your early reply will be appreciated!‎ 表达方式二：I am looking forward to receiving your early reply.‎