2020届牛津版高三英语一轮复习模块2：-听课手册Unit3Amazingpeople 27页

Unit 3　Amazing people ‎　　[2016·北京卷] 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣,并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信,内容包括:‎ ‎1.该人物是谁; ‎ ‎2.该人物的主要贡献; ‎ ‎3.该人物对你的影响。‎ Dear Jim,‎ It's great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.‎ As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes to the world. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college to be a bridge between China and the world.‎ ‎ Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know.‎ Cheers!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎1.文章体裁:应用文——电子邮件。‎ ‎2.行文逻辑:介绍人物→喜欢原因→个人看法。‎ ‎3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如:inspire sb to do sth(激励某人做某事),a bridge between China and the world(中国和世界之间的桥梁)等。‎ ‎4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:①it作形式主语:It's great to hear from you;②分词短语作状语:knowing your interest in Chinese history;③独立成分:as for my favourite figure in Chinese history等。‎ Ⅰ.单词荟萃 ‎(一)基础词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎1. 　　　　vt.保存,保护,保持 ‎ ‎2. 　　　　n.入口 ‎ ‎3. 　　　　n.死亡 ‎ ‎4. 　　　　vt. 打扰,扰乱 ‎ ‎5. 　　　　n.信号 vi. & vt. 发信号,表明 ‎ ‎6. 　　　　n.要求,规定 ‎ ‎7. 　　　　vt.使灰心; 劝阻 ‎ ‎8. 　　　　n.愿望,欲望,渴望 vt. 渴望, 期望 ‎ ‎9. 　　　　n.品质,质量 ‎ ‎10. 　　　　adj.乐观的,抱乐观看法的 ‎ ‎(二)基础词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎1. swallow vt. & vi. 　　　 ‎ ‎2. coincidence n. 　　　 ‎ ‎3.virus n. 　　　 ‎ ‎4. widespread adj. 　　　 ‎ ‎5. outgoing adj. 　　　 ‎ ‎6. companion n. 　　　 ‎ ‎7. voyage n. 　　　 ‎ ‎8. orbit n. 　　　　vt. 　　　　 ‎ ‎9. status n. 　　　 ‎ ‎10. superior n. 　　　　 adj. 　　　　 ‎ ‎(三)拓展词汇 ‎1.　　　　 adj. 好奇的,求知欲强的→　　　　 n.好奇心;珍品→curiously adv.好奇地 ‎ ‎2.　　　　 n.大笔的钱,财富;运气→　　　　 adj.幸运的→　　　　 adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地 ‎ ‎3.　　　　 vt.保存,保护,保持→　　　　 n.保存,保护→　　　　 adj.保藏的  ‎ ‎4.　　　　 n.惩罚→　　　　 vt.惩罚  ‎ ‎5.　　　　 adj.科学的→　　　　 n.自然(科学)→　　　　 n.科学家  ‎ ‎6.　　　　 vi. & vt.呼吸→　　　　 n.呼吸  ‎ ‎7.　　　　 vt. 启迪,鼓舞,激励→　　　　 n.灵感→inspired adj.受到启发的→inspiring adj.令人振奋的 ‎ ‎8.　　　　 vt. 使灰心,使泄气→　　　　 n. 劝阻,泄气→　　　　 n.勇气→　　　　 vt.鼓励  ‎ ‎9.　　　　 n.奉献;忠诚;专心→　　　　 vt.奉献;忠诚;专心→devoted adj.挚爱的;忠诚的 ‎ ‎10.　　　　 adj.各种各样的→　　　　 n.种类  ‎ ‎11.　　　　 vi.申请 vt.使用,应用→　　　　 n. 申请;应用→　　　　 n.申请人  ‎ Ⅱ.短语检测 ‎1.启航　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎2.(偶然)遇见;发现 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎3.导致,结果是…… 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎4.掌管,控制(某物) 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎5.敬佩 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎6.for the better 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎7.of all time 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎8.open up 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎9.have an effect on 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎10.not…but… 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎11.along with 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎12.be present at 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎13.have something to do with 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎14.a great/good deal of 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎15.set foot on/in… 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎16.ever since 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎17.at full speed 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎18.live one's dream 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎19.come into use 　　　　　　　　　 ‎ Ⅲ.佳句再现 ‎1.状语从句的省略 ‎　　　　　　, they can result in illness or even death. ‎ 一旦被吸入,它们可能导致疾病甚至死亡。‎ ‎2.only to do sth作结果状语 He too visited the tomb, 　　　　　　　　　　　　the next day. ‎ 他也去了陵墓,结果第二天就发高烧了。‎ ‎3.once引导状语从句,“一旦……,一……就……”‎ ‎　　　　 the paper makers showed people how to make paper, it came into widespread use all over the world. ‎ 一旦造纸商让人们知道如何造纸,纸张就在全世界普及使用了。‎ ‎4.含蓄虚拟条件句 ‎　　　　　　　　　,there 　　　　　　very few mountain gorillas left today. ‎ 要是没有她的工作,今天就只剩下很少的山区大猩猩了。‎ ‎5.名词短语作宾语补足语 It made him 　　　　　　　　　　　in space. ‎ 这使他成为中国在太空的第一个宇航员。‎ ‎6.It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.‎ Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, 　　　　　　his high scores on the psychological tests 　　　　finally won him the status of China's first astronaut. ‎ 尽管杨利伟并不是每项测试都得了最高分,但他的各项心理测试所得的高分使他最终赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。‎ ‎【巧学助记】‎ 构词法记忆 名词后缀-ment,用于动词后 ‎①punish vt. 惩罚→punishment n.惩罚 ‎②require vt. 要求→requirement n.要求 ‎③argue v. 辩论→argument n.论证;证据 名词后缀-ity,用于形容词后 ‎①national adj.国家的;国民的→nationality n.国籍 ‎②popular adj. 流行的;普及的→popularity n.普及;流行 ‎③similar adj.相似的→similarity n.相似点,类似 动词后缀-e,用于名词后 ‎①breath n.呼吸→breathe v.呼吸 ‎②bath n.洗澡→bathe v. 给……洗澡 ‎ ‎③cloth n.布→clothe v.给……穿衣 副词前缀in-,多用于名词或副词前 ‎①deed n.行动→indeed adv. 实在地,真正地 ‎ ‎②completely adv.完全地,彻底地→incompletely adv.不完全地 ‎③appropriately adv. 合适地→inappropriately adv. 不适合地 规律记忆 介词“to”表示比较 ‎①be superior to 优于,好于 ‎②be inferior to 劣于,次于 ‎③be senior to 比……年长 ‎④be junior to 比……年幼 ‎⑤be prior to 在……之前 ‎●1 curious 　adj.(eagerly interested in learning more) 好奇的,求知欲强的 ‎(1)be curious about 　对……好奇 be curious to (do)…‎ ‎ 极想(做)……,很想(做)……,渴望(做)……‎ It is curious that…‎ ‎ ……是奇怪的。(从句中可用陈述语气,也可用“should+动词原形”,should意为“竟然”,不可省略)‎ ‎(2)curiosity n. 好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇 ‎(3)curiously adv.(=in/with curiosity)‎ ‎ 好奇地 ‎【图解助记】‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Children are curious about everything around them while adults tend to take everything for granted.‎ 孩子们对周围的一切都充满好奇,而成年人倾向于认为一切都是理所当然的。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①The life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students are curious 　　　　the school life of American students.  ‎ ‎②I saw a tall man with glasses entering the room and decided to follow him out of 　　　　(curious).  ‎ ‎③　　　　 curious that she left without saying goodbye.  ‎ ‎④The stranger peered 　　　　(curious) through the railings into the courtyard.  ‎ ‎(3)句型转换 He was curious about Australian cities,so he read the book written by Dr Johnson. (形容词短语作状语)‎ ‎→ 　　　　　　　　　　　,he read the book written by Dr Johnson. ‎ ‎●2 preserve 　vt.保存,保藏,储存 ‎(1)preserve…from…=protect…from…‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　保护……免受……‎ be well preserved (人)保养得很好 ‎(2)preservation n. 　　　　 保护,保存;保留,维持 in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态 ‎【图解助记】‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)The castle is an ancient monument, which the government pays money to preserve. ‎ 这座城堡是古迹,政府花钱对它予以保护。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①As we all know, the police are responsible for the 　　　　(preserve) of law and order.  ‎ ‎②With the limited natural resources, we should take action to preserve them 　　　　being wasted.  ‎ ‎③Is she really 60? She is well 　　　　(preserve).  ‎ ‎(3)熟词生义 You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 　　　 ‎ ‎●3 disturb 　vt.搞乱;妨碍,打扰,扰乱,使(人)心神不宁(常用被动语态)‎ ‎(1)It disturbs sb to do sth. 　做某事使某人不安。‎ be disturbed in 在……方面被打扰 be disturbed by 为……感到不安,‎ 被……所打扰 ‎(2)disturbed adj. 困扰的 be disturbed about 对……感到不安 ‎(3)disturbing adj. 令人不安的,引起 烦恼的 ‎(4)disturbance n. 干扰;骚乱 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)The alcohol can cause a stomach upset and disturb their sleep.‎ 酒精会引起腹泻,扰乱睡眠。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Dad hates 　　　　　　(disturb) when he is writing. ‎ ‎②It's 　　　　　　(disturb) to see him coming when I am at my worst. ‎ ‎③Her sleep 　　　　　　(disturb) by a violent hammering on the door. ‎ ‎④　　　　　　 disturbs me to betray my family or friends.  ‎ ‎⑤She was disturbed 　　　　　　(hear) about her mother's sudden illness.  ‎ ‎(3)写作佳句 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　(很抱歉打扰你), but can you tell me the time?  ‎ ‎●4 inspire 　vt.启迪,赋予灵感;鼓舞,激励 ‎(1)inspire sb to do sth 　　激励某人做某事 inspire sb with sth 用某物鼓舞某人 inspire sth in sb=inspire sb with sth ‎ ‎ 使某人产生某种感情,激发某人的某种感情 ‎(2)inspired adj. 　　　 有创意的,有灵感的 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的,激发灵感的 ‎(3)inspiration n. 灵感 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm.‎ 凯西用她的意志力和热情鼓舞着我们。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an 　　　　(inspire) look at science and scientists.  ‎ ‎②How does the author's story inspire you 　　　　(overcome) difficulties in life?  ‎ ‎③The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be 　　　　(inspire) for great inventions. ‎ ‎④　　　　(inspire) by the sunny weather, I decided to explore the woods.  ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 我们一见到那小旅店昏暗肮脏,心里就很不痛快。‎ ‎①Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire us 　　　　much confidence. ‎ ‎②Our first sight of the dingy little hotel did not inspire much confidence 　　　　us. ‎ ‎●5 discourage 　vt.使灰心,使气馁;阻止,劝阻 ‎(1)discourage sb from doing sth　阻止某人做某事 ‎(2)discouraged adj. 泄气的,沮丧的 be discouraged by 因……而泄气 ‎(3)discouragement n. 挫折 ‎[温馨提示] 表示“阻止某人做某事”的表达还有:prevent/stop/keep sb from doing sth。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.‎ 这次失败对他来说是一个沉重的打击,可是他并没有气馁,很快又像以前那样热情高涨了。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Don't let a busy schedule discourage you 　　　　making some great changes in the way you eat and live!  ‎ ‎②Students will soon get 　　　　(discourage) if you criticize them too often.  ‎ ‎③He was discouraged 　　　　the unsuccessful attempt.  ‎ ‎④Despite all these 　　　　(discourage), she refused to give up.  ‎ ‎⑤Today's report on the economy is rather 　　　　(discourage). ‎ ‎(3)写作佳句 In an effort to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(劝人们不要使用塑料), scientists have been hard at work on inventing alternative packaging products. ‎ ‎●6 desire 　vt.渴望,想要,向往 n.渴望,欲望,愿望 ‎(1)desire to do sth　　　想要做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 ‎(2)have a desire for sth/to do sth ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 渴望(做)某事 have no desire for sth/to do sth ‎ ‎ 没有(做)某事的愿望 at one's desire 照某人的希望;应某人的 要求 satisfy one's desire 满足某人的欲望 ‎(3)desired adj. 渴望的,想得到的 ‎(4)desirable adj. 可取的;值得要的,令人向 往的 It's desirable that… ……是可取的。(that从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略)‎ ‎[温馨提示] desire 后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时,从句谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,在美式英语中多用动词原形。‎ ‎【图解助记】‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. ‎ 他们很小的时候就渴望帮助他人,与别人共享信息,并一起实现共同的目标。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①I desire 　　　　　　(contact) him for some suggestions on improving my listening. ‎ ‎② It was after he got what he 　　　　　　(desire) that he realized it was not so important.  ‎ ‎③We desire that immediate help 　　　　　　(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.  ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 他母亲希望他成为一名老师。‎ ‎①His mother 　　　　　　　　　　　a teacher. ‎ ‎②His mother desired that he 　a teacher. ‎ ‎●7 apply 　vi.申请 vt.使用,应用 ‎(1)apply for　　　　　请求,申请 apply to sb for sth 向某人申请某物 apply to do sth 申请做某事 apply sth to sth 　　　　 将某物涂抹在某物上 apply to sb/sth 与某人/某物有关,适用于……‎ apply oneself/one's mind/one's energies to (doing) sth 刻苦努力/致力于(做)某事 ‎(2)applied adj. 应用的;实用的 application n. 申请(书);应用,运用;应用软件;勤奋 applicant n. 申请人 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one that reflected my interest. ‎ 当最后要决定课程的时刻来临时,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①You must be aware that this rule cannot be applied 　　　　every case.  ‎ ‎②However, there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying 　　　　something.  ‎ ‎③Later I decided to apply my previous experience to 　　　　(learn) how to read and write. ‎ ‎④The new technology,if 　　　　(apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output. ‎ ‎⑤Successful 　　　　(apply) often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, or other customer facing positions. ‎ ‎⑥You should attach a recent photograph to your 　　　　(apply) form. ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 如果你专心于自己手头的工作,你很快就会完成它。‎ ‎①If you 　　　　　　　　the job in hand,you'll soon finish it. ‎ ‎②　　　　　　　　 the job in hand,you'll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) ‎ ‎③　　　　　　　　 the job in hand,and you'll soon finish it. ‎ ‎●1 look up to 　敬佩;尊重,尊敬 look up 　　　　　　　　向上看;(形势)好转;(在书、计算机等中)查阅;看望(某人)‎ look back on 回顾 look down on 瞧不起;轻视 look forward to 盼望 look out for 留心;寻觅;提防 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)I don't know yet where I'm going or how I'll get there, but I hope that someday my own grandchildren will look up to me with admiration as I do to Robin. ‎ 我还不知道我要去哪儿或者我如何去那里,但是我希望有一天我自己的子孙们会像我崇拜罗宾那样崇拜我。‎ ‎(2)用适当的介词或副词填空 ‎①We should look up 　　　　him for his devotion to the work.  ‎ ‎②She looked 　　　　and saw me.  ‎ ‎③She looks down 　　　　people who haven't been to college.  ‎ ‎④I'm really looking forward 　　　　working with you.  ‎ ‎●2 result in 　导致,造成;以……为结局 ‎(1)result in=cause=lead to=contribute to ‎　　　　　　　　　导致;造成 result from 产生于……,由……引起 ‎(2)as a result 结果 as a result of… 由于……‎ without result 毫无结果 ‎【注意】‎ result from与result in result from 意为“因……发生,由……引起”,相当于lie in;result in意为“导致,带来”,相当于lead to,contribute to和cause。‎ As we all know, smoking often results in lung diseases.‎ ‎=As we all know, lung diseases often result from smoking.‎ 众所周知,吸烟常常让人患上肺病。‎ ‎【图解助记】‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)It had rained heavily for weeks, which resulted in severe flood in this area. ‎ 大雨下了好几周,造成了这个地区的严重水灾。‎ ‎(2)单句改错 ‎①According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as result of the Internet. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎②There is no doubt that his laziness resulted from his failure. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 他没有努力学习,因此考试不及格。 ‎ ‎①He didn't work hard. 　　　　　　　　　　, he failed the exam.  ‎ ‎②He didn't work hard, which 　　　　　　　　　　his failure in the exam.  ‎ ‎③He failed the exam, which 　　　　　　　　　　his laziness.  ‎ ‎(4)写作佳句 I will attend an important meeting. 　　　　　　　　(结果), I can't accompany you to the bookstore.  ‎ ‎●3 pay off 　使人获益;成功,达到目的;付清,还清(债务等);遣散 pay back　　　　　偿还(借款);报复(某人)‎ pay for… 为……付钱;赔偿……‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Hard work pays off in the future. Laziness pays off now. 勤奋让你未来有所收获,懒惰让你现在就付出代价。‎ ‎(2)写出下列各句中pay off的汉语释义 ‎①They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to pay off, and retirement to save for. 　　　 ‎ ‎②But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. Sacrifices pay off in the end. 　　　 ‎ ‎③—Dad, I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job. ‎ ‎—I see. I'll go right away and pay him off. 　　　 ‎ ‎④This work is starting to pay off. 　　　 ‎ ‎(3)单句填空 ‎①John studied hard before the examination, and it paid 　　　　. ‎ ‎②It would take him the rest of his life to pay 　　　　that loan.  ‎ ‎③He burst into tears, begging her to forgive him and swearing to pay 　　　　everything he had stolen.  ‎ ‎④I have to pay 150 dollars 　　　　the sewing machine. ‎ ‎●4 come across 　(偶然)遇见;发现;被理解 ‎(1)表示“偶然遇到”的短语还有:‎ run across/into, happen to meet, meet…by chance/accident ‎(2)come about 　　　发生,产生 come along 一起走;进展 come around/round ‎ ‎ 苏醒;再次发生 come at 到达,达到;考虑 come back 回来;再度流行 come down 坍塌;落下;着陆;下降;降低 come off 被去掉;(计划等)成功 come up 破土而出;被讨论;被提及 come up with 找到,提出 come out 出现;出版 come to 总共,总计;达到;谈到 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. ‎ 当护士和其他看护人员遇到病人可能正在经历的个人焦虑时,他们需要注意沉默可能传递的含义。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①The argument came　　　　because they were talking about politics.  ‎ ‎②The flowers should be coming　　　　because now it is spring.  ‎ ‎③The teacher asked who could come up 　　　　a good solution to this problem.  ‎ ‎④Ginny's left me, and there's nothing I can do to persuade her to come　　　　.  ‎ ‎⑤It looks as if interest rates will come　　　　again this month.  ‎ ‎⑥You are very likely to come　　　　large wild animals, too.  ‎ ‎(3)写作佳句 But 　　　　　　　　　　(当谈到) embryonic learning, birds could rule the roost. ‎ ‎●5 in control (of)　掌管/控制……‎ ‎(1)be in/out of control 　受控制/失去控制 in the control of 由……掌管/控制 get out of control (动作)失去控制 lose control of 失去对……的控制 keep/have/bring/get sth under control ‎ ‎ 控制某物 under one's control 　　　 在……管理/控制范围之内 take control of 控制 ‎(2)control oneself 自我控制 ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)I try to do something, however little, and try to make the effort to wash and dress and go for a walk every day, which helps me to feel in control of my life. ‎ 我尽力去做一些事情,不管多么微小。我努力每天去洗漱、更衣并且出去散步,这帮助我感觉我能控制自己的生活。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①He was so drunk that he lost control 　　　　his car.  ‎ ‎②The plant was given six months to bring the pollution 　　　　control.  ‎ ‎③A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get 　　　　of control.  ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 他们曾经控制了山的南边。‎ ‎①They were 　　　　　　　　　the southern side of the mountain. ‎ ‎②The southern side of the mountain was 　　　　　　　　　　　　them. ‎ ‎●1 He too visited the tomb, only to catch a high fever the next day. 他也去了陵墓,结果第二天就发高烧了。‎ only to do作结果状语 ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ 句中only to catch…day为动词不定式短语作结果状语。动词不定式作结果状语时,往往表示出乎意料的或意想不到的结果,不定式前常用only。‎ He made a long speech only to show his foolishness. ‎ 他讲了一大通,结果只是显露了他的愚蠢。‎ I went to see him, only to learn that he had left the city the night before.‎ 我去看他,不料听人家说他已经在前一天晚上离开这座城市了。‎ ‎【相关拓展】‎ v.-ing形式也可以作结果状语,但表示正常的、顺其自然的结果。‎ Tony went out of the room with few clothes on, only feeling rather cold.‎ 托尼出去时衣服穿得很少,渐渐地感到有些冷了。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)…concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs.‎ ‎……她被认为肯定是昙花一现,结果只能是毫无迹象地再次消失。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①There's nothing that ticks off a professor more than making himself or herself available for custom office hours only 　　　　　　(find) that you don't care enough to come on time.  ‎ ‎②He was busy writing a story, only 　　　　(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette. ‎ ‎③After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only 　　　　　　(tell) that it was being decorated. ‎ ‎(3)写作佳句 I arrived 　　　　　　　　(结果发现) that the others had already left.  ‎ ‎●2 Without her work, there would be very few mountain gorillas left today. ‎ 要是没有她的工作,今天就只剩下很少的山区大猩猩了。‎ 含without的含蓄条件句 ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ without her work用来表示一种假设,表示与实际情况相反,这种条件称为含蓄条件。该句也可换成if引导的非真实条件句:If it hadn't been for her work, there would be very few mountain gorillas left today.‎ Life would be quieter without the telephone. ‎ 要是没有电话,生活就会清静一些了。‎ ‎【相关拓展】‎ ‎(1)在这种含蓄条件句中,句子谓语动词的变化如下:‎ ‎①表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。‎ ‎②表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+have+动词-ed形式”。‎ ‎③表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”。‎ ‎(2)与without类似,能够表示含蓄条件的词语还有but for(要不是),otherwise(否则),or(否则)等。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.‎ 没有战时的经历,海明威是没法写出著名小说《永别了,武器》的。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①Without appropriate software, a computer 　　　　　　　　　　(be) a mere box.  ‎ ‎②He was very busy yesterday,or he 　　　　　　　(help) you with the experiment.  ‎ ‎③I'm lucky that I'm interested in schoolwork. Otherwise I 　　　　　　(go) crazy.  ‎ ‎(3)写作佳句 Without his support, we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(现在就不会在这里了).  ‎ ‎●3 It made him China's first astronaut in space.‎ 这使他成为中国在太空的第一个宇航员。‎ make+宾语+宾语补足语 ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ 此句中的made是谓语,him是宾语,而China's first astronaut in space是宾语补足语。‎ She made him her assistant. 她让他做自己的助手。‎ ‎【相关拓展】‎ ‎(1)在英语中,名词作宾语补足语、主语补足语及同位语而且是独一无二的职衔时,该名词前通常不加定冠词。‎ We made him captain of our football team.‎ 我们推选他当我们足球队的队长。‎ Wei Fang, head of our class, will go abroad for a visit.‎ 魏芳——我们的班长——将去国外参观。‎ ‎(2)“make+宾语+宾语补足语”中,宾语补足语可以是动词原形、形容词、名词、过去分词、现在分词等,意思是“使得……怎么样”。‎ They have made their hometown rich. ‎ 他们使家乡富有了。 ‎ Our teacher makes us feel more confident. ‎ 老师使得我们感到更自信了。‎ ‎(3)如果make后面的宾语是不定式或that从句,宾语补足语是形容词或名词,这时往往把形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,把真正的宾语放在后面。find, feel,think等动词也有类似的用法。‎ The policemen have made it clear that he is a thief. ‎ 警察已弄清楚他是个贼。‎ ‎[温馨提示] 在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,如果宾补是不定式,要省略to,即直接用动词原形;但是当改为被动语态时,要把to还原。‎ The workers were made to work 10 hours a day. ‎ 工人们每天被迫工作10个小时。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)Like floor wax, the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood.‎ 像地板蜡一样,这些油使得地板亮闪闪的,还有助于保护木材。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①I made 　　　　a condition that everybody must be on time.  ‎ ‎②I saw him 　　　　(put) his hand into his pocket. ‎ ‎③Thousands of people may have been made 　　　　(home) because of the flood.  ‎ ‎④The little child stood on the chair to make himself 　　　　(look) taller.  ‎ ‎(3)一句多译 老板迫使这个男孩每天干十二个小时的活。‎ ‎①The boss 　　　　　　　　　　　twelve hours a day. ‎ ‎②The boy 　　　　　　　　　　　twelve hours a day by the boss. ‎ ‎●4 Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut. 尽管杨利伟并不是每项测试都得了最高分,但他的各项心理测试所得的高分使他最终赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。‎ It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分.‎ ‎ 句型公式　‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ 强调句型强调it is/was和that/who之间的成分。在这个句型中,把it is/was和that/who去掉,句子的完整性不受影响。‎ 对下面这个句子标序号的各个部分进行强调:‎ He bought the book in this shop yesterday.  ‎ ‎①②③‎ ‎①It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he) ‎ ‎②It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book) ‎ ‎③It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop) ‎ ‎【相关拓展】‎ 除主语外,这种结构还可以强调宾语、状语、表语以及“not…until…”结构等。注意:这种结构不能强调谓语,强调谓语(只能用在一般现在时和一般过去时中)可以用“助动词do/does/did+动词原形”结构。‎ I do like swimming. ‎ 我的确喜欢游泳。‎ He did go there last night. ‎ 他昨天晚上的确去那儿了。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ ‎(1)It was in this lake that they found the long-lost sword of the Ming Dynasty.‎ 就是在这个湖里他们发现了失踪已久的明代宝剑。‎ ‎(2)单句填空 ‎①It is I 　　　　am going to attend the meeting. ‎ ‎②　　　　 was not until then that he realized that he was wrong. ‎ ‎③The patient looks much better. 　　　　is it that has made him what he is today? ‎ ‎④Was 　　　　five years ago that we got together last time? ‎ ‎(3)句型转换(用强调句改写下列句子)‎ ‎①Do you want to buy an English dictionary?‎ ‎→　　　　　　　　　 an English dictionary 　　　　you want to buy?  ‎ ‎②Where did you see her cellphone yesterday?‎ ‎→　　　　　　　　　　 you saw her cellphone yesterday? ‎ ‎③He hadn't made a mistake.‎ ‎→　　　　　　　　 he 　　　　had made a mistake? ‎ Ⅰ.单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.Martin Luther King was a great speaker and an 　　　　(inspire) leader. ‎ ‎2.Some suggestions are made at the meeting that these traditional customs 　　　　　　　　　(preserve). ‎ ‎3.As we drove to our next meeting at the hospital, I thought about the 　　　　(disturb) stories Paul had told me. ‎ ‎4.The school strongly desires that the project　　　　(finish) before the end of this month. ‎ ‎5.Do not let any failures 　　　　(courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory. ‎ ‎6.By the time Mary returned home from England, her son 　　　　(graduate) from college. ‎ ‎7.When 　　　　(apply) for a job, you should highlight your experience and skills. ‎ ‎8.The young man was glad that his experience as a cook in the army finally 　　　　(pay) off. ‎ ‎9.I came　　　　 an old diary in her desk, which was written 20 years ago. ‎ ‎10.When she returned home, Rose found her computer 　　　　(remove) and she was very confused. ‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.The contenter you are, the less need you'll feel to try to increase your income.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.She is my favourite film star. I consider her superior than other stars.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.The police have arrested two suspects in connection of the bank robbery.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.He expressed a desire that the papers were made public.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.When talked about her first space travel, the female astronaut, Wang Yaping, became very excited.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ.课文回顾 Howard Carter was bright and 1.　　　　 (curiosity) about the world outside his hometown. In 1891, he sailed for Alexandria, Egypt. By the 1920s, he had become an 2.　　　　 (explore) who searched 3.　　　　 the tombs of the Egyptian kings. ‎ Carter's team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun. 4.　　　　 people in Carter's team began to fall ill and die strangely not long after the tomb had been 5.　　　　 (open). Within seven years, 21 people who had 6.　　　　 to do with the opening of the tomb died. ‎ Some people say the deaths were just 7.　　　　 (coincident). Others believe that they were the result of a mummy's curse. Still others believe that there is a 8.　　　　 (science) explanation, because inside the tombs there are many 9.　　　　 (virus). 10.　　　　 is certain, though, is that “the curse of the mummy” remains a riddle to this day. ‎ Ⅳ.话题微写作 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇及句式完成下面的小作文。注意使用合适的连接词连接句子。‎ ‎1.你看过《跟着贝尔去冒险》(Survivor Games)这个节目吗?(watch)‎ ‎2. 节目的主持人是英国人Bear Grylls。(host) ‎ ‎3.他好奇心极强,喜欢去一些新地方探险。(curiosity, explore) ‎ ‎4.在节目中,他带领其他嘉宾野外求生,去大峡谷、茂密的树林等人迹罕至的地方。(survival)‎ ‎5.偶遇野兽也是常有的事。在条件恶劣的情况下,他们不得不生吞蛇和老鼠等。我非常敬佩他。(come across, swallow, look up to)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 完成课时作业(十一)(十二)‎ Unit 3　Amazing people ‎【基础自主梳理】‎ Ⅰ.(一)1. preserve　2. entrance　3. death　4.disturb ‎5.signal　6. requirement　7.discourage　8.desire ‎9.quality　10.optimistic ‎(二)1.吞下,吞咽　2. 巧合,碰巧　3. 病毒　4. 广泛的,普遍的　5. 爱交际的;友好的;外向的　6.伴侣;陪伴　7. 航行;(尤指)航海,航天　8. n.轨道 vt.沿轨道运行,围绕……运动　9.地位,身份　10.n.上级,上司 adj.更好的,更高的 ‎(三)1. curious; curiosity　2.fortune; fortunate; fortunately　3. preserve; preservation; preserved ‎4. punishment; punish　5. scientific; science; scientist ‎6. breathe; breath　7. inspire; inspiration ‎8. discourage; discouragement; courage; encourage ‎9. devotion; devote　10. various; variety ‎11. apply; application; applicant Ⅱ.1. set sail　2. come across　3. result in ‎4. be in control (of something)　5. look up to ‎6. 好转,向好的方向发展　7. 有史以来; 一直,始终 ‎8. 开辟,开放　9. 对……有影响　10. 不是……‎ 而是……　11. 连同……一起,和　12. 出席,到场 ‎13. 与……有关系　14. 大量的,许多的　15. 进入,到达　16. 从……以后　17. 全速 ‎18. 实现某人的梦想　19. 开始被使用 Ⅲ.1.If breathed in　2.only to catch a high fever ‎3.Once　4.Without her work; would be ‎5.China's first astronaut　6.it was; that ‎【考点互动探究】‎ 单词点睛 ‎●1 (2)①about　②curiosity　③It's　④curiously ‎(3)Curious about Australian cities ‎●2 (2)①preservation　②from　③preserved　(3)保鲜,贮存 ‎●3 (2)①being disturbed　②disturbing　③was disturbed　④It　⑤to hear　(3)I am sorry to disturb you ‎●4 (2)①inspiring　②to overcome　③inspirations ‎④Inspired　(3)①with　②in ‎●5 (2)①from　②discouraged　③by　④discouragements ‎⑤discouraging　(3)discourage people from using plastics ‎●6 (2)①to contact　②had desired　③(should) be given ‎(3)①desired him to be/become　②(should) be/become ‎●7 (2)①to　②for　③learning　④applied　⑤applicants ‎⑥application　(3)①apply yourself to ‎②Applying yourself to　③Apply yourself to 短语储存 ‎●1 (2)①to　②up　③on　④to ‎●2 (2)①在result前加a　②from→in　(3)①As a result ‎②resulted in　③resulted from　(4)As a result ‎●3 (2)①还清　②带来好结果　③付清工资并解雇　④成功,腾飞　(3)①off　②off　③back　④for ‎●4 (2)①about　②up　③with　④back　⑤down　⑥across ‎(3)when it comes to ‎●5 (2)①of　②under　③out　(3)①in control of ‎②in the control of 句型透视 ‎●1 (2)①to find　②stopping　③to be told　(3)only to find ‎●2 (2)①would be　②would/could have helped ‎③would go　(3)wouldn't be here now ‎●3 (2)①it　②put　③homeless　④look　(3)①made the boy work　②was made to work ‎●4 (2)①that/who　②It　③What　④it　(3)①Is it; that ‎②Where was it that　③Wasn't it; that/who ‎【当堂过关检测】‎ Ⅰ.1. inspiring　2.(should) be preserved　3.disturbing ‎4.(should) be finished　5.discourage ‎6.had graduated　7.applying　8.paid　9.across ‎10.removed Ⅱ.1.contenter→more content　此处是“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”结构,content的比较级为more content。‎ ‎2.than→to　后句句意:我认为她超越了别的明星。superior后接介词to。‎ ‎3.of→with　in connection with是固定搭配,意为“与……有联系”。‎ ‎4.were→(should) be 　名词desire后的名词性从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。‎ ‎5.talked→talking 　此处非谓语动词动作talk的逻辑主语和主句主语Wang Yaping一致,为主动关系,故用v.-ing形式。‎ Ⅲ.1.curious　2.explorer　3.for　4.But　5.opened ‎6.something　7.coincidence　8.scientific ‎9.viruses　10.What Ⅳ.One possible version: ‎ Have you ever watched the programme Survivor Games? Its host is Bear Grylls, who is British. He has plenty of curiosity, enjoying exploring new places. In the programme, he and the guests try to seek survival in the wild. Thus, they hike to the grand valleys or the thick forests where people rarely live. It is common for them to come across beasts. In some bad situations, they have to swallow live snakes and rats. ‎ In a word, I look up to him very much.‎