2020届外研版高考英语新一轮复习必修5学案：Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish 23页

Module 1 British and American English 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．linguist n. 　语言学家 ‎2．motorway n. (英)高速公路 ‎3．underground n. (英)地铁 ‎4．subway n. (美)地铁 ‎5．flashlight n. (美)手电筒；火把 ‎6．queue vi. (英)排队(等候)‎ ‎7．preposition n. 介词 ‎8．omit vt. 省略 ‎9．settler n. 移民；定居者 ‎10．satellite n. 卫星 ‎11．flick n. 轻打；轻弹；抖动 ‎12．structure n. 结构；体系 ‎13.linguistics n. 　 　语言学 ‎14．edition n. (广播、电视节目的)期；版 ‎15．cute adj. 逗人喜爱的 ‎16．distinctive adj. 与众不同的 ‎ Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．accent n. 口音 ‎2．switch n. 开关 ‎3．rapidly adv. 迅速地 ‎4．present vt. 陈述；提出(观点、计划等)‎ ‎5．attempt n. 努力；尝试 ‎6．look n. 外观；外表；样子 ‎7．criticise vt. 批评 ‎8．standard adj. 标准的 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．obvious adj.显然的，显而易见的→obviously adv.显然地，明显地 ‎2．confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confused adj.感到困惑的→confuse vt.使困惑→confusion n．困惑 ‎3．compare vt.比较→comparison n．比较 ‎4．variety n．种类→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．改变；使变化 ‎5．differ vi.不同，有区别→difference n．不同；区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的 ‎6．remark n．评论；讲话→remarkable adj.显著的；非凡的 ‎7．steadily adv.不断地；持续地→steady adj.持续的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Leaves are found on varieties of trees, but they vary greatly in size and shape.(vary)‎ ‎2．He made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)‎ ‎3．The reference book the teacher referred to just now is said to be popular among students.(refer)‎ ‎4．From the appearance, we cannot tell the difference between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. As for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)‎ ‎8．announcement n．声明；宣告→announce v．声明；通知 ‎9．add vt.加；增加→addition n．增加；增加物 ‎10．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地；仅仅；不过 ‎11．combination n．组合；结合→combine v．结合；联合 ‎12．reference n．参考；查阅→refer v．参考；查阅 ‎5．The book explains grammar simply and clearly, because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple)‎ ‎6．They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused,_standing there in confusion,_not knowing what to do.(confuse)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.have_..._in_common 　有相同的特点 ‎2．make_a_difference 有影响，使不相同 ‎3．get_around 四处走动(旅行)‎ ‎4．queue_up/stand_in_line 排队 ‎5．be_similar_to 与……相似 ‎6．lead_to 引起；导致 ‎7．pick_up 学会；拾起，捡起；收听(广播)‎ ‎8．in_favour_of 同意；支持 ‎9．refer_to_..._as_... 称……为……‎ ‎10．thanks_to 幸亏，多亏 ‎1.The government calls on people to get_around by using public transport.‎ ‎2．They have a lot in_common and get on well with each other.‎ ‎3．They are now in great need of help. So your support will certainly make_a_difference.‎ ‎4．Some people are in_favour_of building a swimming pool for children, while others are against it.‎ ‎5．What is known to us is that it's human's activity that leads_to global warming.‎ ‎6．Thanks_to modern science and technology, people lead a more comfortable and richer life now.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch. ‎ 美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。‎ while此处表示对比，意为“而，然而”。‎ ‎(2016·江苏高考书面表达)它对一些人是有利的，然而却让其他人处于是否投票的进退两难的境地。‎ It is beneficial to some people, while_it_puts_others_into_a_dilemma over whether to vote or not.‎ ‎2.A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from have difficulty (in) doing sth. ‎ ‎(2018·浙江高考写作)‎ ‎ Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.‎ 伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。‎ ‎“做某事有困难”。‎ 在英语口语方面我已经很流利，我与他们交流没有困难。‎ I have developed fluency in spoken English.I have_no_difficulty_communicating with them.‎ ‎3.This nonstop communication, the experts think, has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.‎ 专家们认为，这样不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。‎ make it＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.。‎ 我们能够与他人形成良好的关系，这使得我们能够最大化地享受生活。‎ We can develop a pleasant relationship with others, which_makes_it_possible_for_us_to_enjoy our life to the fullest.‎ ‎4.However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents ...‎ 然而，如果你打开美国有线电视新闻网——一个美国电视网——你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音……‎ ‎“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“发现……处于某种状态”。‎ 尽管我对于校园破旧、教室缺乏设备感到失望，但我发现这些老师们都很耐心且善解人意。‎ Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found_the_teachers_patient_and_considerate.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　二、课堂重点深化　‎ ‎1．confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused (confuse) and is unsure about what to do next. ‎ ‎②There is a lot of job information online, but too much of it may sometimes be confusing (confuse)．‎ ‎③I always confuse you with/and your sister — you look so alike.‎ ‎④She was very angry with her husband because he made their rooms in confusion (confuse)．‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)confuse vt.　　　　　　　 使困惑；使难于理解 confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆 ‎(2)confused adj. 感到困惑的；感到难懂的 be/get/become confused at/about　 对……感到困惑 ‎(3)confusion n. 困惑；混乱；混淆 in confusion 困惑地；乱七八糟地 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤You can tell by the slightly confusing look on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. confusing→confused 佳句时时写(句式升级)‎ ‎⑥He was confused with the present situation so he was at a loss what to do next.‎ ‎→Confused_with_the_present_situation,_he was at a loss what to do next.(过去分词短语作状语)‎ ‎2．compare vt.比较；匹敌；比喻；相比n.比较 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Don't compare your strength with others' weakness, which is meaningless.‎ ‎②A teacher is often compared to a candle. That's because their devotion to work is beyond/without compare.‎ 补全句子 ‎③和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是一座宫殿。(comparison)‎ In_comparison_with our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)compare ... with/to ...　 把……和……相比较 compare ... to ... 把……比作……‎ compared to/with ... 和……相比(通常作状语)‎ compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见或看法 ‎(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比，举世无双 ‎(3)comparison n. 比较；对照；比喻 in comparison with 与……相比 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④Comparing with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did. Comparing→Compared ‎⑤When compared different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. compared→comparing 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)而且你也应该记住，经常与同学们交换看法是促进学习的一种好的方法。‎ And you also should keep in mind that comparing_notes_with_your_classmates_frequently is a good way to improve your study.‎ ‎3．differ vi.不同，有区别 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The twins are so alike; it's difficult to tell the difference (differ) between them.‎ 一句多译 英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面有着明显的区别。‎ ‎②British English differs_obviously_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(differ)‎ ‎③British English is_obviously_different_from American English in pronunciation and spelling.(different)‎ ‎④There are obvious_differences_between British English and American English in pronunciation and spelling.(difference)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)differ from＝be different from　 与……不同 differ in＝be different in 在……方面不同 ‎(2)difference n. 不同；区别 make a difference 有影响，使不相同 make some/no/little difference (to ...) (对……)有些/没作用或影响 tell the difference between ... and ...　　　区分……与……的差别 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤It makes no differences to me whether he comes here or not.differences→difference 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2013·江苏高考书面表达)只有言行一致，我们才能在任何我们希望实现的事情上有所进展。‎ Only when we match our words with actions can_we_make_a_difference in whatever we hope to accomplish. ‎ ‎4．present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发，介绍adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的n.礼物；赠品；现在 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中present的词性和含义 ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.adj.现在的 ‎②If Mr. Dewey had been present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.adj.在场的 ‎③You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them.vt.陈述 单句语法填空 ‎④I've got enough money for the present, but I must go to the bank tomorrow.‎ ‎⑤Wang Hua, our monitor, presented her with the prepared flowers.‎ ‎⑥At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)present　　　　　 向某人赠送某物 ‎(2)be present at 出席……‎ ‎(3)at present＝at the present time 目前，现在 for the present 目前；暂时 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ ‎(2015·江苏高考书面表达)上面提到的这三种选择都是典例。‎ ‎⑦The three selections which_are_presented_above are typical examples.(定语从句)‎ ‎⑧The three selections presented_above are typical examples.(分词作定语)‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑨(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The music can't be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.vt.呈现 ‎5．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图vt.试图；企图 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 一句多译 他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。‎ ‎①He attempted_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but it was too difficult.(attempt v．)‎ ‎②He made_an_attempt_to_pass/at_passing the exam, but it was too difficult.(attempt n．)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.　 试图做某事 at one's/the first attempt 第一次尝试 ‎(2)attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事 ‎(3)attempted adj. 未遂的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③The man is being questioned about the attempting murder last night.attempting→attempted 佳句时时写 ‎④不要期望第一次尝试就通过驾驶测试，毕竟，你学开车只学了几天。‎ Don't expect to pass the driving test at_your/the_first_attempt. After all, you've been learning to drive for only a couple of days. ‎ ‎1．have ... in common有相同的特点 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In common with other middleaged people, I like jogging in the morning.‎ 补全句子 ‎②Anyone with/who_has_common_sense is able to make the right decision when facing the situation.‎ 当面对这种情况时，任何有常识的人都会做出正确决定。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)have a lot/much/a great deal in common with　　与……有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common with 与……没有/很少有共同之处 ‎(2)in common with 与……一样 ‎(3)common sense 常识 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common with. 去掉with 佳句时时写 ‎④尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。‎ Although they are good friends, they have_little_in_common_with_each_other.‎ ‎2．lead to引起；导致；通向 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I want to know what led you to_take (take) up acting as a career.‎ ‎②The new evidence led to the high official being_arrested (arrest)．‎ 补全句子 ‎③With a guide leading_the_way,_we arrived at a village in Tibet, where we found the local people leading_a_happy_life.‎ 由一位向导带路，我们到达了西藏的一个村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)lead sb. to ＋n. 带领某人去/进入……，使某人得出(观点)‎ lead to sb./sth. doing sth.　 使得某人/某物做某事 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 ‎(2)lead a ... life 过着……的生活 lead the way 引路，带路 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The news shocked the public, led to great concern about students' safety at school.led→leading或led前加and 佳句时时写 ‎⑤好的习惯经常带来高效率，而不好的习惯效果恰恰相反。 ‎ Good habits always lead_to_high_efficiency,_while bad ones bring the opposite.‎ ‎3．have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”‎ ‎　[教材原句]　A Londoner has_more_difficulty_understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker. ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①Everyone in this city knew him, so we had_no_difficulty_(in)_finding his house.‎ 在这个城市里，大家都认识他，因此我们毫不费力地找到了他的家。‎ ‎②Whenever we have_trouble_with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.‎ 每当我们在学习上遇到困难时，我们的老师总是耐心地帮助我们。‎ ‎③Because of your coming, I think there_is_no_difficulty_(in)_finishing the task on time.‎ 由于你的到来，我认为按时完成这项任务没有困难。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)difficulty前可用great, much, some, any, no, little等词修饰。‎ ‎(2)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time with sth. “在某事上有难处”。‎ ‎(3)There is no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.“做某事/在某事上没有困难”。‎ 注意事项 在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为have doing形式。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)We should try our best to help those who have difficulty in studying English.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)However, I have some trouble in collecting the materials relevant and using of the language. ‎ ‎③(增分要点句)You can't imagine what great difficulty we have ever had dealing with the problems.‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“语言学习”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 话题词汇记一记 子话题(一)　学习内容 温故浅易词汇 ‎①word　　②phrase　③expression ‎④pronunciation ⑤spell ⑥grammar 识记生疏词汇 ‎①character n．(汉)字　　②alphabet n．字母；字母表 ‎③vocabulary n．词汇，词汇量 ④idiom n．成语，习语 ‎⑤tone n．腔调；语调 ⑥stress n．重音 ‎⑦usage n．使用，用法 ⑧term n．术语，条目 子话题(二)　学习过程 温故浅易词汇 ‎①interest　　②practice　　③translate ④review ⑤rapidly ⑥advice ‎⑦method 识记生疏词汇 ‎①preview vt.预习　②dictation n．听写 ‎③drill n．& vi.训练，操练 ④skim v．跳读；略读 ‎⑤scan v．扫读；浏览 ⑥consult v．查阅；咨询 ‎⑦recite vt.背诵 ⑧memorize v．记住 ‎⑨retell vt.复述 ⑩regularly adv.有规律地 子话题(三)　学习结果 温故浅易词汇 ‎①master　　②fluent　　③exact ④perfect ⑤progress ⑥improve 识记生疏词汇 ‎①enlarge v．扩大　②accumulate v．积累；积聚 ‎③grasp v．抓住，掌握 ④accurate adj.准确的，精确的 ‎⑤accuracy n．准确，精确 ‎ ‎⑥abundant adj.大量的，丰盛的，充裕的 ‎⑦precise adj.准确的，精确的，确切的 ‎⑧excellent adj.极好的；优秀的 常用词块忆一忆 ‎①official language　　 　　 　　　 官方语言 ‎②oral/spoken English 英语口语 ‎③writing ability 写作能力 ‎④develop the habit of 养成……习惯 ‎⑤consult the dictionary 查词典 ‎⑥keep a diary 记日记 ‎⑦meet with 遇到 ‎⑧for the development of 为了……的发展 ‎⑨develop an interest in 培养对……的兴趣 ‎⑩communicate with 与……交流 ‎⑪have trouble in 在……方面有困难 ‎⑫of great use 非常有用 ‎⑬learn ... by heart 背诵，记住 ‎⑭keep/bear ... in mind 记住……‎ ‎⑮have a good knowledge of 通晓 ‎⑯insist on/stick to 坚持 ‎⑰take notes 记笔记 ‎⑱step by step 一步一步地 ‎⑲enlarge/expand one's vocabulary 扩大某人的词汇量 ‎⑳without difficulty 没有困难地 写作佳句背一背 ‎①It is universally acknowledged that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all.‎ ‎②We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.‎ ‎③By learning English we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.‎ ‎　　　　二、话题书面表达亮一点　‎ 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友James最近在学习中文，他来信向你咨询如何提高中文的口语水平。请你用英语给他回一封电子邮件，就如何提高中文口语水平提出一些建议。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear James， ‎ ‎　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 oral, advice, improve, interest, phrase, practice, character, perfect, rapidly, progress, series, communicate with，look for　　‎ ‎1．你正在学习汉语，并寻求提高中文口语的方式。‎ You_are_learning_Chinese_and_looking_for_ways_to_improve_your_oral_Chinese.‎ ‎2．我想给你一些关于如何提高的建议。‎ I'd_like_to_give_you_some_advice_on_how_to_improve_it.‎ ‎3．兴趣是最好的老师。‎ Interest_is_the_best_teacher.‎ ‎4．你可以看一些中文电视连续剧或电影。‎ You_can_watch_some_Chinese_TV_series_or_movies.‎ ‎5．坚持每天学习一些汉字和短语。‎ Stick_to_learning_some_Chinese_characters_and_phrases_every_day.　‎ ‎6．在网上用中文和朋友交流。‎ Communicate_with_friends_online_in_Chinese.‎ ‎7．这会有助于你多练习。‎ It_helps_you_practice_more.‎ ‎8．熟能生巧。‎ Practice_makes_perfect.‎ ‎9．只有通过多练习你才能快速提高你的中文口语。‎ You_can_improve_your_oral_Chinese_rapidly_only_by_practicing_more.‎ ‎10．祝你在学习中文方面取得更大进步。‎ Wish_you_greater_progress_in_learning_Chinese.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎11．在第1句前加入“我很高兴听说……”，并在way前加入修饰语“有效的”。‎ I'm_very_glad_to_hear_that_you_are_learning_Chinese_and_looking_for_effective_ways_to_improve_your_oral_Chinese.‎ ‎12．在第4句前加入条件状语“如果你喜欢看电视”。‎ If_you_like_watching_TV,_you_can_watch_some_Chinese_TV_series_or_movies.‎ ‎13．在第6句前加上“我建议你应当……”。‎ I_suggest_that_you_should_communicate_with_friends_online_in_Chinese.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎1．在第2句中用It's my great honor to替代I'd like to，用present替代give。‎ It's_my_great_honor_to_present_you_some_advice_on_how_to_improve_it.‎ ‎2．用only置于句首的倒装句改写第9句。‎ Only_by_practicing_more_can_you_improve_your_oral_Chinese_rapidly.‎ ‎3．在第11句中用more than delighted替代very glad，用seek替代look for。‎ I'm_more_than_delighted_to_hear_that_you_are_learning_Chinese_and_seeking_effective_ways_to_improve_your_oral_Chinese.‎ ‎4．用which引导定语从句连接第7句和第13句。‎ I_suggest_that_you_should_communicate_with_friends_online_in_Chinese,_which_helps_you_practice_more.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 根据语句间的逻辑关系，在提出建议时可使用first of all， besides， and， last but not least衔接成文。‎ Dear James，‎ I'm_more_than_delighted_to_hear_that_you_are_learning_Chinese_and_seeking_effective_ways_to_improve_your_oral_Chinese._It's_my_great_honor_to_present_you_some_advice_on_how_to_improve_it.‎ First_of_all,_interest_is_the_best_teacher._If_you_like_watching_TV,_you_can_watch_some_Chinese_TV_series_or_movies._Besides,_stick_to_learning_some_Chinese_characters_and_phrases_every_day._And_I_suggest_that_you_should_communicate_with_friends_online_in_Chinese,_which_helps_you_practice_more._Last_but_not_least,_practice_makes_perfect._Only_by_practicing_more_can_you_improve_your_oral_Chinese_rapidly.‎ Wish_you_greater_progress_in_learning_Chinese.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．(2018·天津高考书面表达)The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in a variety (种类) of activities, such as participating in some national competitions.‎ ‎2．No official announcement (声明) is expected until next year.‎ ‎3．As a result, I have made steady (持续的) progress in my studies.‎ ‎4．Obviously (显而易见), running is beneficial to your health.‎ ‎5．He is determined to pass the oral English test at his first attempt (尝试)．‎ ‎6．Mr. Smith was presented ( 赠送) with a watch by the boss for his years' hard work.‎ ‎7．Compared (比较) with/to many students in the poor areas, we are lucky.‎ ‎8．As science and technology is developing rapidly (迅速地), there will be more and more electric products.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．Our English teacher often presents his idea ❶to us that some complex sentences can ❷be_simplified (simple)．‎ ‎2．I'm ❶in favour of his opinion that it is difficult to judge a person only by his ❷looks (look)．‎ ‎3．Thanks ❶to his help, I bought a ❷variety (vary) of ❸reference (refer) books in the bookstore without any difficulty.‎ ‎4．❶Obviously (obvious), some English words are similar ❷to other words in spelling, but differs ❸from each other in meaning, which often leads ❹to much ❺confusion (confuse) to students while they are studying.‎ Ⅲ.语境改错 文中共有6处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。‎ Recently we have a discussion about which English makes more difference to us.‎ Some students think British English has a more influence comparing with American English because it is the “original” variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.‎ However, others are in the favour of American English. They hold the view that more English language films are American, that has led to more and more people across the world used American English.‎ In my opinion, whichever English we use, we have no difficulties understanding each other, because they have a lot in common.‎ 答案：第一句：makes后加a 第二句：comparing→compared 第三句：去掉the 第四句：第二个that→which; used→using 第五句：difficulties→difficulty Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．我的老师告诉我只需把精力集中到小的事情上，我就能够大有作为。(difference)‎ My teacher told me that by just focusing my attention on small things, I can make_a_big_difference.‎ ‎2．条条大路通罗马。我相信努力工作会有回报。(lead to)‎ Every_road_leads_to_Rome. I believe hard work pays off.‎ ‎3．虽然他们来自不同的国家，但是他们有许多共同之处。(have ... in common)‎ Although they are from different countries, they have_a_lot_in_common_with_each_other.‎ ‎4．专家们正设法查明许多青少年和父母交流有困难的原因。(have difficulty in doing)‎ The experts are trying to find out the reason why many teenagers have_difficulty_in communicating_with_their_parents.‎ Ⅴ.短文填空 ‎(Ⅰ)根据提示填空 I am sorry to hear that you are worried about the ❶varieties (variety) of English you have been learning and I hope I can help you.‎ Firstly, the ❷differences (differ) between British and American English are not as big as many learners believe. There is almost no difference in grammar and only a few differences in vocabulary. British and American people understand each other ❸without_difficulty (没有困难) almost all of the time; we watch films and television from each other's countries for ❹pleasure (please)．‎ Secondly, there is not one British or American English. ❺For_example (例如), all major cities in the UK have their own dialects with different ❻accents (口音) and sometimes small ‎ differences in grammar and vocabulary from each other. Sometimes these accents can be ❼more_difficult (difficult) to understand for even a British person than some American Englishes. Also, there are Englishes from many other countries. People who speak these Englishes usually also manage ❽to_communicate (communicate) with other English speakers without any problems.‎ All learners need to be able to understand English spoken and written by as many people as possible so as to be understood. You should ❾concentrate_on (集中精力于) this goal, not on how ❿to_speak (speak) “British” or “American” English.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)片段选词填空 compared with， words and phrases， consult the dictionary， keep a diary， meet with， stick to， have trouble in， of great use， develop the habit of， for the development of ‎ ‎❶Keeping_a_diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability.‎ ‎❷Compared_with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less time. It can help us ❸develop_the_habit_of thinking in English. If we ❹stick_to this practice, gradually we will learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly ❺meet_with many difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we ❻have_trouble_in finding appropriate ❼words_and_phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.‎ As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a ChineseEnglish dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then ❽consult_the_dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ❾of_great_use to keep a diary in English ❿for_the_development_of our writing skills.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·江苏高考)For example, there are huge amounts of reference (refer) books which I am often confused (confuse) to choose from.‎ ‎2．(2016·浙江高考)They gave me presents (present) of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists. ‎ ‎3．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. ‎ ‎4．(2014·四川高考)Such a person has great difficulty in waking (wake) up in the mornings. ‎ ‎5．(2012·全国卷Ⅰ)I read the announcement (announce)of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am very interested in it.‎ ‎6．(2012·山东高考)She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a difference in the world. ‎ ‎7．(2012·安徽高考)It seemed a small challenge compared (compare) to the one I was about to face, but things started to go wrong right from the beginning.‎ ‎8．(2011·福建高考)Obviously (obvious), without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用lead, obvious, difference填空)‎ ‎1．(2017·江苏高考完形填空)However, one day, in the music class that was part of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually enjoyed doing it. He tried to hide his __44__ pleasure from the music teacher, who had wandered over to listen. obvious ‎ ‎2．(2013·辽宁高考完形填空)As she got off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path __49__ to the house and then on the house itself.leading ‎3．(2012·天津高考完形填空)Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to accomplish. I couldn't believe the ___30___ we made — the park looked clean！difference 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：2018年是中国改革开放40周年，随着改革向“深水区”推进，中外交流越来越多，语言学习成为高考的热门话题。通过阅读此类话题文章学生不仅可以领略西方语言尤其是英语的特点，而且可以了解语言背后的文化差异，从而激发学生学习英语的热情，促进他们身心健康地发展。在平时的话题训练中，应多聚焦跨国文化交流中的语言沟通方面的素材。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ Long after its introduction into the New World, American English was still considered nonstandard English. Mr Kahane __1__ that according to some people of the 1780s, American English was a peasant's __2__ that a “gentleman” would not speak. Considered in a bilingual point of view, British English was the __3__ language linked to reputation and linguistic purism (纯粹主义). The belief in the authority or in the superior of British English, had been __4__ to the twentieth century, __5__ in the former British Empire or in the fields of British influence. Thus, it is __6__ that in China, teachers and school textbooks __7__ to Received Pronunciation as the ‎ __8__， as well as standard British syntax (句法), spelling and __9__. British English is also encouraged and referred to as the __10__ of some major official examinations, for example, College English Test and Test for English Majors which are __11__ by the government. Similar situations could be found in other countries; for example, in Africa, the West African Examinations Council and Joint Admissions and Matriculations Board __12__ British English as the Standard English. Reports can also be found that in Cairo, as recently as 1984, some university students received lower __13__ if they used American spellings __14__ British. Floridian wrote that in Europe, “We find teachers, British people as well as __15__ of the country in which they work, who __16__ the British English standard, and refuse American English” .‎ ‎__17__， the above attitudes are nothing __18__ the last influence of a longgone period of British supremacy (霸权)．According to Campbell and others, the beginning of a distinctive lead of American English can be traced to the decades after World War Ⅱ. This agrees with the rise of the US __19__ a military and technological power and the decline of the British Empire, which drove many to American English. And from then on, American English has continuously sent its __20__ to every corner of the planet.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语的发展历史及现状。‎ ‎1．A.made out　　　　　　　　 B．pointed out C．turned out D．worked out 解析：选B　根据下文内容可知，此处表示Kahane先生指出，故选pointed out。‎ ‎2．A.word B．expression C．spelling D．language 解析：选D　此处表示“美式英语是农民所说的语言”，表示“语言”用language。‎ ‎3．A.advanced B．confusing C．cute D．organized 解析：选A　根据空后的“linked to reputation and linguistic purism(纯粹主义)”可以推测出，此处应该是指英式英语是一种“高级语言”。advanced“高级的”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.developed B．added C．maintained D．admitted 解析：选C　结合下文内容可知，此处表示“这种信仰一直持续到20世纪”。maintain“持续”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.especially B．specially C．completely D．generally 解析：选A　此处表示“尤其是”，故选A。‎ ‎6．A.presented B．reported C．criticised D．imagined 解析：选B　此处表示“据报道”，下文中“Reports can also be found ...”也是信息提示。‎ ‎7．A.contribute B．appeal C．refer D．reject 解析：选C　refer to ...as ...是固定搭配，意为“把……称作……，把……看作……”。‎ ‎8．A.structure B．model C．symbol D．sign 解析：选B　根据语境可知，老师和教科书把标准发音当作典范。故此处应该用model。‎ ‎9．A.vocabulary B．reading C．writing D．handwriting 解析：选A　结合常识及选项可知，此处表示句法、拼写和词汇，所以A项正确。‎ ‎10．A.variety B．standard C．item D．regulation 解析：选B　此处表示一些主要的官方考试的标准，standard符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.charged B．judged C．conducted D．directed 解析：选C　官方考试是由政府组织实施的。conduct“实施”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.accept B．compare C．train D．look 解析：选A　此处意为“接受英式英语作为标准英语”，故用accept表示“接受”。‎ ‎13．A.punishments B．praise C．announcements D．grades 解析：选D　一些大学生如果使用了美式英语拼写方法而不用英式英语，就会得低分。grade表示“成绩”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.instead of B．other than C．more than D．except for 解析：选A　参见上题解析。instead of表示“而不是”。‎ ‎15．A.foreigners B．outsiders C．natives D．Americans 解析：选C　此处表示“英国人以及说英语的本地人”。故C项符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.remark B．create C．oppose D．follow 解析：选D　这些老师、英国人以及说英语的本地人遵循(follow)英式英语标准，而拒绝美式英语。‎ ‎17．A.Though B．Instead C．Yet D．However 解析：选D　空处连接上下文，且表示转折意义，故选D项。‎ ‎18．A.of B．but C．to D．about 解析：选B　nothing but是一个固定短语，意为“只有，只不过”。‎ ‎19．A.as B．while C．before D．after 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处表示“作为”，故选as。‎ ‎20．A.usage B．meaning C．influence D．result 解析：选C　从那以后，美式英语不断地将它的影响传递到地球的每一个角落。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 完形填空技法(5)——利用前后语义逻辑，巧解两类必对题 此方法是通过分析设空处前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。‎ 以上文第17题为例：‎ 通过上述对17空前后文已知信息的分析，发现上下文之间是明显的转折关系，因此答案可以确定为选项D。‎ ‎ ‎ A ‎(2019·河北省“五个一名校联盟”第二次考试)‎ Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”．I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.‎ My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule.When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that ‎ required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) to the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.‎ I don't only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety.It's equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships.We all know people who lost a loved one regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”．When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here.But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't miss an opportunity to see him.I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.‎ I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality.And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the right thing.I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my emotional wellbeing.‎ 语篇解读：“我”认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”，因为它们表达了遗憾、错失的机会、错误和失望。父亲在“我”小时候经常告诉我们花费额外的时间也要把事情做好来避免遗憾，“我”听从父亲的建议并认为这样做是对的。‎ ‎1．Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?‎ A．Because people use them when they feel sad.‎ B．Because they express regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes and disappointment in life.‎ C．Because they remind the writer of some sad experiences.‎ D．Because they mean sadness in the English language.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Two of the saddest words in the English language are ‘if only’ ...because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment”可知，“我”认为英语中最令人伤心的两个词是“if only”，因为这两个词表达了遗憾、错失的机会、错误和失望，故选B项。‎ ‎2．What's the meaning of the underlined word “forgone” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Given up.　　　　　　 B．Come across.‎ C．Got through. D．Held back.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。该词所在的句子表达的意思是：我们都认识这样的人，他们在失去所爱之人后会后悔错失了说“我爱你”或“我原谅你”的机会。所以画线词表示“失去了”，和短语give up意思接近。故选A项。‎ ‎3．The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ________.‎ A．see a doctor B．finish her work C．join a celebration D．accompany her father 解析：选D　细节理解题。题干中的关键信息“decided to go to her office”对应原文倒数第二段中的“I had decided to go to work”。从倒数第二段可以看出，“我”知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时，本来打算按原计划休假，但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了，所以“我”决定即便是自己的休息日，为了陪父亲，也会去上班。故选D项。‎ ‎4．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Advice from My Father B．Avoidance of Saying “If Only”‎ C．The “Extra Minute” Rule D．The Importance of Emotional Wellbeing 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意可知，本文主要是针对避免说英语中最伤心的两个词“if only”进行阐述的，所以B项“避免说‘if only’”符合全文内容。‎ B ‎(2019·石家庄市高中毕业班模拟)Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies.Most time the task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies.However, in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf.Now, an adorable blueeyed robot, a human avatar, and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.‎ The Robot AVatar thermalEnhanced system, or RAVE, is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by LauraAnn Petitto, an educational neuroscientist, at Washington, D．C.'s Gallaudet University.The learning process begins when the robot's camera, which is focused on the baby's face, detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature.This, combined with the baby's facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the baby's attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would.For example, if the baby points towards the screen, the avatar might respond, “Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme, fairy tale, or some essential social communication, all in American Sign Language (ASL)．The “conversation” continues until the kid loses interest.‎ The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes.Petitto says natural language, whether communicated through speech or sign, activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements of communication.‎ What sets this technique apart from other methods, such as showing educational videos or television shows, is its interactive nature and realtime response to the baby's actions.The ‎ researchers say that while it is too early to determine the system's longterm influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging.Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。‎ ‎5．What can the RAVE system help parents do?‎ A．Improve babies' health condition.‎ B．Take good care of babies.‎ C．Develop babies' language skills.‎ D．Keep babies company.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段尾句“Now, an adorable blueeyed robot ... assist parents with this important developmental task.”以及第二段中的“The Robot ...a team of researchers”可知， RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?‎ A．How babies learn ASL effectively.‎ B．How parents educate their babies.‎ C．How robots talk and read to babies.‎ D．How the RAVE system works.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第二段第二、第三句可知，机器人的摄像头可以检测到婴儿细微的体温变化并与婴儿的面部表情相结合，使机器人转动头部，引导婴儿注意电脑屏幕，在电脑屏幕上，一个人类的形象开始与婴儿交流，就像父母一样；结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理，故D项正确。‎ ‎7．What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?‎ A．Interest in videos and TV shows.‎ B．Changes in their body temperature.‎ C．Improvement in their natural language.‎ D．Hand movements in a rhythm like ASL.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“babies as young ...a few minutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手，故D项正确。‎ ‎8．What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?‎ A．Promising. B．Impractical.‎ C．Satisfactory. D．Disappointing.‎ 解析：‎ 选A　观点态度题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，尽管对这种系统培养婴儿交流技能的长期影响进行评价为时过早，但是其初期的表现令人鼓舞，研究人员将在下一步推出可以用手语和口语与婴儿交流的形象。据此可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合语境。‎