2021届新高考英语大一轮复习抓分北师大版：必修4Unit11　TheMedia学案 28页

一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．media n．　　　　　　　 大众传播媒介，传媒 ‎2．chat n. 闲谈，聊天 ‎3．affair n. 事情，事件 ‎4．widespread adj. 广泛的 ‎5．debt n. 债务，欠款 ‎6．belief n. 信仰；信心；信任 ‎7．distinction n. 殊荣；特质；区别 ‎8．host n. 主办(国/城市/机构)；主人 vt. 主办 ‎9．incident n. 事件，事情 ‎10．evidence n. 证明，证据 ‎11．legal adj. 合法的，与法律有关的 ‎12．process n. 过程，进程 ‎13．profit n. 利润，收益 ‎14．channel n. (电视或电台)频道 ‎15．classic adj. 传统的；经典的 ‎16．spokesman n. 发言人 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．reform n. 改革，改良 ‎2．demand vt. 要求，请求 ‎3．arise vi. 发生，出现 ‎4．blame vt. 责怪，归咎于 ‎5．attempt vt. & n. 尝试，试图 ‎6．publish vt. 出版，发行 ‎7．attitude n. 态度，看法 ‎8．dislike vt. 不喜爱，厌恶 ‎9．pretend vt. 假装 ‎10．hire vt. 租用；雇用 ‎11．budget n. 预算 ‎12．scene n. 场面，场景 ‎13．load n. 满满一车；很多；工作量 ‎14．bravery n. 勇敢 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．announce vt. 宣布，宣告→announcement n. 公告 ‎2．explanation n. 解释，说明→explain vt. 解释 ‎3．employ vt. 雇用→employment n. 雇用→unemployment n. 失业→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员→self－employed adj. 自己经营的 ‎4．defend vt. 为……辩解；保卫→defence n. 保卫；防卫 ‎5．argument n. 争论；理由→argue vi. 争吵 ‎6．analysis n. 分析→analyse vt. 分析 ‎7．encouragement n. 鼓励→encourage vt. 鼓励→encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的→encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的 ‎8．respect vt. 尊敬，尊重→respectable adj. 可敬的→respectful adj. 表示尊敬的，恭敬的 ‎9．advertise vt. 为……做广告，登广告→advertisement n. 广告→advertiser n. 广告人→advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 ‎10．approach n. 方法，方式→approachable adj. 可接近的 ‎11．innocent adj. 天真无邪的，单纯的；无罪的→innocence n. 清白，无罪 ‎12．interrupt vt. & vi. 打断(讲话或动作)；打扰→interruption n. 打断 ‎13．environmental adj. 自然环境的→environmentally adv. 环境地→environment n. 环境 ‎14．protection n. 保护，防卫→protect vt. 保护→protective adj. 保护的；防护的 ‎15．faithfully adv. 忠实地，真诚地→faithful adj. 忠诚的→faith n. 忠诚；相信 ‎1.以“man”结尾的职业名词 ‎①postman　　　　 邮递员 ‎②policeman 警察 ‎③spaceman 宇航员 ‎④fisherman 渔夫 ‎⑤businessman 商人 ‎⑥spokesman 发言人 ‎⑦sportsman 运动员 ‎⑧salesman 销售员 ‎⑨statesman 政治家 ‎2.“发生”词汇集锦 ‎①arise　 　　　 发生；出现 ‎②occur 出现；发生 ‎③happen (偶然)发生 ‎④come about 产生，发生 ‎⑤take place 产生，发生 ‎⑥break out 突然发生 ‎⑦come up 发生 ‎⑧crop up 突然发生 ‎⑨befall 发生，降临 ‎3.以“ment”结尾的名词 ‎①encouragement　　 鼓励 ‎②disagreement 分歧 ‎③development 发展 ‎④announcement 公告 ‎⑤adjustment 调整 ‎⑥punishment 惩罚 ‎⑦settlement 解决 ‎⑧achievement 完成 ‎⑨argument 争论；理由 ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．stand__for　　　　　　　　 是……意思，代表；支持 ‎2．in__favour__of 支持，赞同 ‎3．consist__of 由……组成 ‎4．stand__out__ 突出，显眼 ‎5．as__long__as 只要 ‎6．get__ready__for 准备 ‎7．in__detail 详细地 ‎8．look__forward__to__ 希望 ‎9．take__photos/pictures__of 照相，拍照 ‎10．in__competition__with 与……竞争 ‎11．hold__the__attention__of 抓住……的注意力 ‎12．go__ahead__with 开始做；着手干 ‎13．get__stuck__in__ 陷入……‎ ‎14．on__the__scene 在现场，到现场 ‎15．come__out__on__top 占上风；获胜 ‎1.“v.＋for”短语荟萃 ‎①vote for　 　 投票选举 ‎②stand for 代表；支持 ‎③care for 关心；喜欢 ‎④seek for 寻找；追求 ‎⑤long for 渴望；向往 ‎⑥call for 要求；需要 ‎⑦wait for 等待；等候 ‎2.“in＋n.＋of”短语荟萃 ‎①in favour of　 　 支持，赞同 ‎②in memory of 为了纪念 ‎③in honour of 为了纪念 ‎④in view of 鉴于；由于 ‎⑤in terms of 就……而言 ‎⑥in case of 以防；万一 ‎⑦in search of 寻找，寻求 ‎3.“盼望，期待(……)”集中营 ‎①expect vt.　　　　　 期望，期待 ‎②hope for 希望，期待 ‎③wish for 期望，希望 ‎④long for 渴望 ‎⑤be eager for 渴望 ‎⑥look forward to 盼望，期待 ‎⑦be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：“of＋抽象名词”相当于其对应的形容词 AIDS is another problem of__great__concern so sex education and health care administration are extremely important.‎ 艾滋病是备受关注的另一个问题，所以性教育和卫生保健管理非常重要。‎ 句型2：be likely to... 可能会……‎ It is__likely__to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.　它可能仅是一个公司的名称，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。‎ 句型3：not all...表示部分否定 However, not__all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.‎ 然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。‎ 句型4：so/as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句 According to a research published by Leeds University yesterday, people don’t mind bad language on television as__long__as it is not used in programmes watched by children.　据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目，人们并不介意。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Every year about 40，000 people attempt(尝试；企图) to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.‎ ‎2．(2019·浙江卷6月)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene(场景) in England.They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说)．‎ ‎3．I have a tight budget(预算) for the trip, so I’m not going to fly unless the airlines lower ticket prices.‎ ‎4．She pretended(假装) to be calm, but actually she was very nervous at that time.‎ ‎5．People with high EQs usually have positive attitudes(态度) towards life.‎ ‎6．What points can be raised in defence(defend) of this argument?‎ ‎7．His first novel published(publish) last year is popular with many young readers.‎ ‎8．We should make a concrete analysis(analyse) of each specific question.‎ ‎9．My explanation(explain) seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad.‎ ‎10．Approaching(approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．The company employs 200 people every year.The employer is kind to the employees,__so if you are a student seeking employment,__it is a good place.(employ)‎ ‎2．It is important to protect the environment and we should realize the environmental damage caused by the chemical industry and try to use environmentally friendly products.(environment)‎ ‎3．It is our duty to protect our kids.I can’t help feeling protective towards my kids every day.For example，I’m concerned that my little son’s thin coat gives little protection against the cold today.(protect)‎ ‎4．His speech was to encourage the people who are in need.These people felt encouraged after hearing his speech and the result was very encouraging．(encourage)‎ ‎5．He is so kind that all the students respect him.And for the villagers, he is also a respectable person.When he walks past，many people will stand in respectful silence.(respect)‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 help...out; be used to; participate in; stand out; as long as; in detail; comment on; owe...to...‎ There are 11 students in the football team of our class. Before every match, all of them work out a plan 1.in__detail and they have 2.been__used__to 3.helping each other out. During the match, whoever 4.participates__in it often 5.stands__out. 6.As__long__as they have a chance, they work together very well. After the match, they 7.comment__on their separate behaviors and 8.owe their success to their teamwork.‎ look forward to; consist of; stand for; hold the attention of; in favour of As we all know, the G20 (or G－20 or Group of Twenty) 9.stands__for an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 20 major economies, which originally 10.consisted__of political leaders from eight countries.They are 11.in__favour__of reforms demanded by the people all over the world and they are also trying to adopt new approaches to ridding the poverty of the world.So they have succeeded in 12.holding__the__attention__of the people all over the world.All the poor people are 13.looking__forward__to the arrival of the happy life.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．他在会上的讲话非常有价值。‎ What he said at the meeting was of__great__value．‎ ‎2．在下届会议中教育可能成为一个最重要的议题。‎ Education is__likely__to__be a key issue in the next meeting.‎ ‎3．并不是我所有的朋友都懂法语。‎ All my friends do__not__know French.‎ ‎4．(2018·浙江卷6月)下午，我问保罗叔叔我是否可以骑马， 他说只要爸爸和我一起去就可以。‎ In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, ‎ as__long__as__my__dad__went__with__me．‎ ‎ demand　n．要求；需要　v．要求；请求；需要 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·江苏卷)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy.‎ ‎②a.The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to__be__told(tell) what was going on just now.‎ b．My car demands to__be__repaired/repairing(repair), so I have to go to work by bus.‎ ‎③This is a demanding(demand) job and a small mistake can make a great difference.‎ ‎④The boss demanded that everyone (should)__attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎⑤(普通表达) The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are needed greatly in this city.‎ ‎(高级表达)The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in__great__demand in this city.‎ ‎(1)be in (great) demand　　 (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demands (for...)‎ ‎ 满足某人(对……)的需求 ‎(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 demand that...(should) do sth.‎ ‎ 要求……做某事 ‎(3)demand to be done/doing 某事需要被做 ‎(4)demanding adj. 要求高的 ‎[佳句背诵] The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind.‎ 对自然资源的需求正成为人类未来一个日益严峻的问题。‎ ‎ arise　vi.出现；发生；起身；起床 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中arise的含义 ‎①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身 ‎②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other ‎ situations that can arise.出现 ‎③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床 ‎④As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can arise from a physical cause.产生 ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 休息时， 我们的班主任开始处理他的课上出现的问题。 ‎ ‎⑤At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters arising__from__his__class．(分词作定语)‎ ‎⑥At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which__arose__from__his__class．(定语从句)‎ arise (arose, arisen) vi. 出现；发生；起因于 rise (rose, risen) vi. 升起；上升；起身；增长 raise (raised, raised) vt. 提升；举起；饲养；抚养；提出 arouse (aroused, aroused) vt.‎ ‎ 唤醒；激起　 ‎ ‎[对比记忆] ‎ ‎(1)As is known to us, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.‎ ‎(2)(2019·浙江卷6月)Besides, what you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.‎ ‎(3)To raise people’s awareness of protecting the environment, we launched a campaign.‎ ‎ blame　n．(对错事或坏事应付的)责任；过失；责备　v．责备 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(广东卷)Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. ‎ ‎②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.‎ ‎③Don’t always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to__blame(blame)．‎ ‎[能力提升]——用blame的适当形式完成下面小片段 ‎④他因这起事故受到了责备，但他把它归咎于别人。事实上，是他而不是别人该为此承担责任。‎ He was__blamed__for the accident, but he blamed it on others. In fact, it is he, not others, that is__to__blame__for/takes__the__blame__for it.‎ ‎(1)blame sb.for sth.　 因某事而责备某人 blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上 be to blame (for...) 应承担责任；该受责备 ‎(2)take the blame for... 对……负责 put the blame for sth.on sb.‎ ‎ 把某事归咎于某人身上　 ‎ ‎[名师点津] ‎ be to blame 用主动形式表示被动含义。‎ ‎[词块助记]‎ take/bear the blame　　　　　 承担责任 shift the blame/responsibility 推卸责任 ‎ attempt　vt.企图，尝试　n．努力，尝试 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Kevin had treatment on the understanding that he would attempt to__overcome(overcome) his drinking problem.‎ ‎②Don’t expect to pass the driving test at the first attempt. After all, you’ve been learning to drive for only a couple of days.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 他试图通过这次考试，但考试太难通过了。‎ ‎③He attempted__to__pass/at__passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass.(attempt v．)‎ ‎④He made__an__attempt__to__pass/at__passing the exam, but it was too difficult to pass. (attempt n．)‎ ‎(1)attempt at doing/to do sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 尝试或努力做某事 ‎(2)make an attempt at doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 尝试或努力做某事 at one’s first attempt 某人第一次尝试 in an attempt to 力图；企图；试图　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt to protect the environment.‎ 为了保护环境，这个城镇禁用塑料袋。‎ ‎[名师点津] 尝试和做成：‎ ‎(1)尝试做某事：try to do sth.; have a try at doing sth.; give sth. a try；‎ ‎(2)做成某事：manage to do sth.; succeed in doing sth.‎ ‎ pretend　v．假装；佯作 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to__know(know) us.‎ ‎②(2019·天津卷)So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to__be__reading(read)．‎ ‎③He decided to help me but I pretended to__have__finished(finish) my job already.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)She pretended__that__she__didn’t__know__me/pretended__not__to__know__me(假装不认识我). This really made me upset.‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)She__pretended__that__she__didn’t__know__me/pretended__not__to__know__me,__which__really__made__me__upset.(非限制性定语从句)‎ 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.‎ 我曾一直欺骗自己，假装一切都很好。(浙江卷)‎ ‎[名师点津] pretend后接不定式时，一定要注意不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。和pretend有类似用法的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等。‎ ‎ approach　v．接近；靠近；走近　n．接近；通路；方法；步骤 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(天津卷)Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching(approach)．‎ ‎②a. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)China’s approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”．..‎ b．At the approach of the 2021 college entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study.‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级 ‎(普通表达) As the time for graduation is coming, we are busy with our papers.‎ ‎③(高级表达)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing__near/around__the__corner,__we are busy with our papers.‎ ‎④(高级表达)With__the__time__for__graduation__approaching,__we are busy with our papers.(with复合结构)‎ approach sb./sth.　　　　 靠近/接近某人/某物 an approach to... 做某事的方法；通向 ‎ 某地的路 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 ‎[佳句背诵] The four diagnostic approaches of TCM consist of observing, listening and smelling, inquiring and pulse taking. ‎ 望、闻、问、切是中医诊断的四种方法。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)表示“(做)某事的方法”的搭配还有：①the way to do/of (doing) sth.；②the means of (doing) sth.；③the method of (doing) sth.；‎ ‎(2)表示“……来临”的表达有：‎ be approaching; be drawing near; be around the corner ‎ scene　n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.‎ ‎②In the picture, there’s a scene where some lovely children are having a class.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎③(普通表达) On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene.There a traffic accident happened.‎ ‎(高级表达)The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene, where/in__which__a__traffic__accident__happened．(定语从句) ‎ on the scene　　　　　　 在现场；当场；在台上 behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中 appear/come on the scene 出场；登场　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] The colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. ‎ 棕色的岩石、深绿的松树和傍晚的阳光混合在一起，创造出一种神奇的景色。(2018·浙江卷6月)‎ ‎[名师点津] scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用where或in which来引导。‎ ‎ in favour of　支持，赞同 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①It is clear that the situation is in our enemy’s favour at the time.‎ ‎②Mr.Wang, could I ask a favour of you, please?‎ ‎③(浙江卷)They gave me presents of their favo(u)rite(favour) artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists.‎ ‎[能力提供]——完成句子 ‎④让我高兴的是，我们小组的大多数人支持我的建议。‎ To my joy, most of our team members are__in__favour__of__my__suggestion．‎ ‎(1)in sb.’s favour　　　　　　 对某人有利 do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb.‎ ‎ 帮某人忙 ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙 owe sb.a favour 欠某人人情 ‎(2)favo(u)rite adj. 最喜爱的 ‎[佳句背诵] Everyone in our class voted in favour of the dancing party.‎ 我们班里的每个人都投票赞成开舞会。‎ ‎ consist of　由……组成 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a. (辽宁卷)Life consists(consist) of not only sunshine but also hard times.‎ b．(2018·天津卷)Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting(consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.‎ ‎②(福建卷)Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 这个微电影由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。‎ ‎③The micro film, which__consists__of/is__made__up__of/is__composed__of__two__parts,__introduces the present situation of our school. (定语从句)‎ ‎④The micro film, consisting__of/made__up__of/composed__of__two__parts,__introduces the present situation of our school. (分词作定语)‎ ‎(1)consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　 由……组成 ‎(2)consist in(＝lie in)　　　 在于；存在于……　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] ①Five people make up the team; in other words, the team consists of/is composed of/is made up of five people.　‎ 五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说， 这个团队是由五个人组成的。‎ ‎②The true wealth does not consist in what we have, but in what we are.‎ 真正的财富不在于我们拥有什么，而在于我们的人格。‎ ‎[名师点津] consist of不能用于被动语态和进行时态，常考其现在分词短语在句中作定语。类似的短语还有date from/back to, belong to等。‎ ‎ not all...表示部分否定 ‎(教材P26)However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.‎ 然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Not all students obey the school rules, so as teachers, we should be strict with them.‎ ‎②(全国卷Ⅱ) It’s an eitheror situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do both．‎ ‎③(重庆卷)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 事实是并不是每个人都把时间管理看得很重要。‎ ‎④The truth is that not__everyone__is__attaching__great__importance__to time management.‎ ‎⑤The truth is that everyone__is__not__attaching__great__importance__to time management.‎ ‎(1)英语中的all, both, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”。 ‎ ‎(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] It’s impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all of them are not fit for them.‎ ‎＝It’s impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not all of them are fit for them.‎ 所有应聘者都得到工作是不可能的，因为他们并非都适合这些工作。‎ ‎ so/as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句 ‎(教材P28)According to a research published by Leeds University yesterday, people don’t mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.‎ 据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目，人们并不介意。‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎①(全国卷Ⅰ)You can write anything relevant as/so__long__as__it’s__interesting(只要有趣) and informative.‎ ‎②A distant relative is not as__good__as(和……一样好) a near neighbour.‎ ‎③As__long__as__you__keep__on__studying__hard(只要你继续努力学习), you can improve your maths.‎ ‎(1)引导条件状语从句的连词短语：‎ in case　　　　　　　　 如果；万一 on condition that 只要 ‎(2)as...as的其他短语：‎ as well as 也；和 as soon as 一……就……‎ as far as 就……而言；至于 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] As long as we have a strong will, we will be able to overcome any difficulty.‎ 只要我们有坚强的意志，我们就能够克服任何困难。‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．It is known that a healthy diet will provide protection(protect) against disease.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to the analysis(analyze) of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices.‎ ‎3．We can win this argument(argue) if we present the facts clearly tomorrow.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)“If you build it they will come” is a misleading belief(believe)．‎ ‎5．(2018·浙江卷6月)His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental(environment) scientist who studies how to reduce litter.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you.‎ ‎2．Charlie made an attempt to apologize for what he had done, but his classmates wouldn’t talk to him.‎ ‎3．Young people have made a great contribution to China’s economic development.‎ ‎4．It is reported that these GM fruits can defend people against/from cancer, heart attack and many other diseases.‎ ‎5．If you want to study abroad, the vocabulary of that country’s language will be in great demand for you.‎ 维度三　易错混用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．Can you find an approach to get close to that hut where the old man is living？get→getting ‎2．Everybody knows that the man is supposed to be to blame on this.on→for ‎3．What surprised him most was that all of the people here were in favour for his plan.for→of ‎4．The teacher demanded the students to go to the playground at once.在demanded后加of ‎5．It is reported that it is a team consisted of ten scientists and fifteen painters.consisted→consisting 维度四　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．A great number of problems have arisen from this act carried out last year.出现 ‎2．She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.假装；佯做 ‎3．The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared, and it was quiet again.场景；场面 ‎4．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics.方法 ‎5．Attempting to change someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.试图；企图 ‎6．The football team, consisting of 22 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.由……组成 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ John disliked studying politics but 1.was__delighted(delight) at legal events at school. Every day he was employed 2.in reading cases about laws. He had a belief 3.that he would defend people from 4.being__treated(treat) unfairly as a lawyer. After graduation, he sent 5.applications(apply) to famous offices for a job as a lawyer. Being a lawyer now, he attempts 6.to__find(find) out evidence in favor of the person who he is in charge of. He often demands that whoever breaks the law 7.should be punished. He is not only 8.humorous(humor) and brave but also honest. Whatever happens, he stands for people 9.bravely(brave). We all hope his career will go ahead as long 10.as possible.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①老师经常要求我们阅读英语文章以提高英语水平。‎ Our teacher often demands__that__we__read__English__articles to improve our English.‎ ‎②我尝试读《21世纪英文报》(21st Century)，我觉得这份报纸很适合我们学生。‎ I attempt__to__read 21st Century and I find__it__suitable__for__us__students．‎ ‎③很多同学支持我的观点。‎ Many classmates are in__favour__of my opinion.‎ ‎④版面内容包括国家大事、体育、娱乐、故事等。‎ The content of the paper consists__of state affairs, sports, entertainment, stories, etc.‎ ‎⑤我相信只要多读，我们在英语上一定会取得更大的进步。‎ I strongly believe that as__long__as we do more reading, we are__bound__to__make__great__progress in English.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用非限制性定语从句升级句②‎ I__attempt__to__read__21st__Century,__which__I__find__suitable__for__us__students.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：so)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Our teacher often demands that we read English articles to improve our English. So I attempt to read 21st Century, which I find suitable for us students.Many classmates are in favour of my opinion.The content of the paper consists of state affairs，sports，entertainment，stories, etc. I strongly believe that as long as we do more reading, we are bound to make great progress in English.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020· 合肥重点高中摸底)Technology is forever changing the way we get our news. Most people now get a lot of their news on electronic devices, instead of traditional media, such as newspapers, television or radio. An increasing number of people also report turning to social ‎ media for information.‎ Now, there is a new technology that could greatly change the way we get the news: computer－created news readers. China has launched what it called the world’s first artificial intelligence, or AI news presenters.‎ The news readers, supported by machine learning technology, are based on two real life Chinese newsmen. One is able to present news broadcast in English; the other, in Mandarin Chinese. A report said machine learning was used to examine video images and sounds of the two newsmen. Similar technology has been used to create video products known as “deepfake videos”. A deepfake video is a video that looks real, but is electronically changed. Such videos can make people appear to say things they never said.‎ It’s said that the AI presenters will be a great improvement to the news team because they “can work 24 hours a day” on its website and on social media. One of the presenters even promised to “work tirelessly” to keep people informed. Some machine learning experts said the system showed off China’s latest progress in voice recognition, text to speech technology and data analysis.‎ Others wondered about the effects robots might have on employment and workers. Some people argued that only low level jobs requiring heavy labor will be easily replaced by robots. Others praised the technology as a way for companies to make money from lowcost labor machines.‎ Anyway, for its great potential, some businesses have experimented with similar technology for possible use in news operations.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了人工智能新闻主播的相关内容。‎ ‎1．People now get information mainly from ________．‎ A．electronic devices B．traditional media C．social media D．AI news presenters A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Most people now get a lot of their news on electronic devices”可知，人们现在主要从电子设备上获得信息。‎ ‎2．The author mentioned “deepfake” in Paragraph 3 because ________．‎ A．it was also artificial B．it was also developed by China C．it also used machine learning technology D．it also gained popularity and recognition C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“A report said machine learning was used...known as ‘deepfake videos’．”可推知，作者提到deepfake是因为它也用了机器学习技术。‎ ‎3．What can we know about AI news presenters?‎ A．AI news presenters can only “speak” one language.‎ B．Not all the people are in favor of AI news presenters.‎ C．AI news presenters will soon replace human news readers.‎ D．AI news presenters can reflect the improvement in robot making.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“Others wondered about the effects robots might have on employment and workers.”可知，并不是所有人都支持人工智能新闻主播。‎ ‎4．What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph?‎ A．Further research on the technology.‎ B．Other advantages of the technology.‎ C．Principles the technology is based on.‎ D．Examples the technology is applied to.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“some businesses have experimented with similar technology for possible use in news operations”可知，接下来的一段很可能讨论这种技术所应用的例子。‎ B ‎(2020·重庆质量抽测)Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more? Some people claim that it’s possible. In July last year, the sixtime speed reading champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3，700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work?‎ First, we need to understand how we read. The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over that sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word. The movements are known as saccades(扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.‎ Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a block of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding. In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you’ll probably get the gist(主旨) of a piece of text, but you’ll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.‎ So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速阅读有一定作用。虽然快速阅读能掌握文章的主旨，但是回忆细节还需要时间。‎ ‎5．What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Speed reading is bad at times.‎ B．Speed reading is a waste of time.‎ C．Speed reading can work sometimes.‎ D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.‎ C　解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“But do they actually work？”可知，本文第一段对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问；接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与眼睛运动系统有关，结合第三段尾句可知，使用速读应用程序你很可能掌握主旨大意，但是文章细节不一定能掌握。据此可推知，快速阅读有时是有用的，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．What can we know from the passage?‎ A．Reading apps ensure us to read much faster.‎ B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.‎ C．Reading is no more than seeing the text words.‎ D．Reading ability is related to the eye movement system.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.”可知，人的眼睛运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，故D项正确。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “tradeoff” most probably mean in the last paragraph?‎ A．Balance. B．Change.‎ C．Business. D．Bargain.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡。据此可推知，画线词意为“平衡”，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．What might the writer continue to talk about?‎ A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.‎ B．The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.‎ C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.‎ D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡；据此可推知，本文接下来可能阐述在什么情况下进行速读以及在什么情况下进行慢读，‎ 故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·合肥高三联考)My sevenyearold daughter always has her nose in a book. She even continued __1__ in the car on the long drive to summer camp, where she lost the book. This is the first lost __2__ book in my life. In my childhood, my parents had always expected me to be __3__， but we were poor, and I didn’t __4__ books. I had to borrow books. My library books lived on a __5__ shelf while they were mine, and it __6__ me when I had to return them to the library on the due day.‎ However, my daughter has __7__ books now than I owned during my whole childhood. So it’s probably my __8__ that she didn’t cherish the books. “Sorry, I can’t find it，” my daughter said with a shrug. “We just pay $20 for the book. What’s the big __9__？” The missing library book just met with a cold __10__ from her, but it met with nailbiting __11__ from me. I walked into the library in a deep __12__ as if I had lost the book.‎ Feeling the need to make her feel __13__ for the book, I asked her to do the household chores. She agreed to clean up all the pets’ houses __14__ my paying the library book. I’d meant the chores to be a(n) __15__！‎ Surprisingly, she was enjoying herself. I took a picture of her lovely back. So, did I win or lose at __16__？ Did I teach her the __17__ of keeping a library book if the picture I took shows she is working __18__？‎ To my __19__， my little girl knew what __20__ in her life. She could devote herself to the chores as much as to the books.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述的是“我”教育女儿的经历：“我”在童年时期因为家庭经济状况不好但家人又期望“我”学业成绩优秀，所以“我”对从图书馆借来的书很珍惜；“我”的女儿现在拥有很多书，但却对弄丢一本从图书馆借来的书毫不在乎，这让“我”意识到有必要让她接受惩罚……‎ ‎1．A.driving B．thinking C．reading D．viewing C　解析：根据文章第一句“My sevenyearold daughter always has her nose in a book.”可推知，“我”的女儿甚至在去夏令营的长途中在车里继续看(reading)书。‎ ‎2．A.school B．reference C．story D．library D　解析：根据下文中的“The missing library book”可知，此处是指“我”的女儿把从图书馆借来的书弄丢了。故选D。‎ ‎3．A.powerful B．practical C．academic D．employed C　解析：根据本句中的“but we were poor”和下文中的“I had to borrow books.”可推知，在“我”的童年时期，父母一直希望“我”的学业成绩优秀。academic“学业(成绩)优秀的”符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎4．A.write B．own C．order D．love B　解析：根据上文“we were poor”可知，在“我”的童年时期，“我们”家很穷，所以“我”没有(own)书。故选B。‎ ‎5．A.wasted B．dusty C．present D．specific D　解析：根据语境可知，因为买不起书，只能从图书馆借，所以“我”对从图书馆借来的书很珍惜，把这些借来的书放在特定的(specific)架子上。‎ ‎6．A.pained B．companied C．abandoned D．lost A　解析：根据语境可知，当“我”不得不将借来的书在到期日归还给图书馆的时候，“我”感到很苦恼。it pains sb. to do sth.“某人因不得不做某事而感到苦恼”，为固定用法。故选A。‎ ‎7．A.fewer B．better C．cheaper D．more D　解析：根据语境可知，“我”的女儿现在拥有的书比“我”整个童年时期拥有的都要多，故选D。‎ ‎8．A.work B．reason C．fault D．duty C　解析：根据语境可推知，女儿拥有的书太多而不知道珍惜，这可能是“我”的过错(fault)。‎ ‎9．A.worry B．question C．case D．deal D　解析：根据“my daughter said with a shrug. ‘We just pay $20 for the book. What’s the big ______？’”可知，“我”的女儿认为弄丢一本从图书馆借来的书没有什么大不了的。big deal“没什么大不了”，是固定搭配，故选D。‎ ‎10．A.shoulder B．power C．refusal D．excuse A　解析：根据上文内容可知，那本从图书馆借来的丢失的书遭到了女儿的冷遇(女儿根本就没把这件事放在心上)。meet with a cold shoulder“遭受冷遇”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.impression B．effort C．effect D．concern D　解析：根据本句中的“but”可推知，与女儿的不在意相比，那本从图书馆借来的书的丢失却令“我”焦虑不安。concern“忧虑，担心”，符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.respect B．thought C．shame D．shock C　解析：因为女儿把图书馆借来的书弄丢了，所以当“我”走进图书馆时，内心深感惭愧(shame)，好像这本书是“我”自己弄丢的。‎ ‎13．A.eager B．responsible C．good D．suitable B　解析：根据语境可知，经过女儿弄丢从图书馆借来的书却对此不在乎这件事，“我”感到有必要让她意识到自己对弄丢这本书负有责任，所以“我”要求她做家务活。‎ ‎14．A.in need of B．in trade for C．in terms of D．in favor of B　解析：句意：她同意把所有的宠物房间都打扫干净，作为对我偿还那本丢失的书的交换条件。in trade for“作为对……的交换”，符合语境。in need of“需要”； in terms of“就……而言”；in favor of“赞同，支持”。‎ ‎15．A.punishment B．recovery C．encouragement D．promise A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”本来是要把做家务活当作对她的惩罚(punishment)。recovery“恢复”； encouragement“鼓励”；promise“承诺”。‎ ‎16．A.studying B．parenting C．arguing D．fighting B　解析：句意：我在为人父母方面是成功还是失败呢？此处parent用作动词，意为“做……的父亲(或母亲)”。‎ ‎17．A.benefit B．method C．commitment D．demand C　解析：句意：如果我拍的这张照片显示她正认真地(seriously)干活，那我让她明白了保存一本从图书馆借来的书的承诺(commitment)吗？‎ ‎18．A.seriously B．unwillingly C．professionally D．constantly A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎19．A.disappointment B．relief C．regret D．sorrow B　解析：根据下文“She could devote herself to the chores as much as to the books.”可推知，‎ 令“我”宽慰(relief)的是，“我”的女儿知道在她的人生中什么是重要(matters)的。‎ ‎20．A.matters B．proves C．exists D．grows A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五 ‎＋1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·商丘高三模拟)Robert Frost(1874－1963) was the statesman of American letters in the twentieth century, a rare national poet who was read and respected by both university professors and everyday citizens. In his life, Frost won four Pulitzer Prizes for his works—more than any other poet in American history. His most famous poems include The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening. Though he is widely read, Frost is also one of the most misunderstood writers in the United States for the complexity of his poems.‎ Though born in California, Frost was brought up in New England, where he is inseparably linked. After dropping out of Dartmouth College to seek his literary dream, he remained upset for years, producing collections of works but failing to get enough of them published to make his efforts financially worthwhile. Finally, Frost left the United States in 1912 to see whether his work might be better received in London. It was, and in 1913 his first full collection was published in Great Britain. Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored Frost’s work and brought it back to the United States, publicizing it insistently. Soon afterwards Frost’s collections became bestsellers, and he became a famous figure.‎ From then on, Frost was on his way to the lifelong respect and recognition for his achievements in poetry. In 1961, he was invited to read a poem for the presidential inauguration(总统就职典礼) of John F．Kennedy. He recited his poem, The Gift Outright, from memory at the ceremony. This was perhaps his last poetry reading in front of a wide national audience before his death in 1963.More importantly, Frost became the first poet to read a poem at a presidential inauguration.‎ ‎【解题导语】　文章主要介绍了美国伟大的诗人Robert Frost的文学生涯。‎ ‎1．What makes Frost “the statesman of American letters”？‎ A．The comments of other writers.‎ B．His literary achievements.‎ C．The complexity of his poems.‎ D．His political activities.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a rare national poet who was read and respected ‎ by both university professors and everyday citizens...in American history”可知，他的文学成就很高。故选B项。‎ ‎2．What do we know about Frost before 1912?‎ A．He continued writing after his graduation from Dartmouth College.‎ B．He was well received in London for his first collection.‎ C．He failed to make much money with his publication.‎ D．He produced enough works to achieve literary success.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“but failing to get enough of them published to make his efforts financially worthwhile”可知，当时Frost没能靠写作挣到很多钱。‎ ‎3．According to the passage, what brought Frost immediate success in the US?‎ A．The literary value of his poetry.‎ B．The publication of his first collection.‎ C．The invitation from John F．Kennedy.‎ D．The recommendation by Amy Lowell.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored Frost’s work and brought it back to the United States, publicizing it insistently...a famous figure.”可知，美国诗人Amy Lowell喜欢Frost的作品，并把它带去了美国进行宣传，这使得Frost在美国迅速取得成功，故选D项。‎ ‎4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．The Literary Life of Robert Frost：An Overview B．Robert Frost and the Twentieth Century C．Robert Frost：A Historical Figure D．The Popularity of Robert Frost A　解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了美国伟大的诗人Robert Frost的文学生涯。A选项意为“Robert Frost的文学生涯概述”，能概括文意，故选A项。‎ B ‎(2020·大连高三双基测试)Lady Gaga’s latest film became an instant hit over the weekend, helping push theaters to an October ticketselling record.‎ A Star Is Born, actorturneddirector Bradley Cooper’s remake of a Hollywood classic in the late 1930s, went beyond the previous expectations of movie analysts by roughly 30 percent.‎ The original production is such a great Hollywood myth that it’s no wonder Hollywood keeps telling it. Whatever the era, the director or the headliners, it tells the story of two lovers on dramatically different paths: a famous man who’s racing to the bottom and a woman who’s soaring to the top.‎ Mr. Cooper does a lot right in this movie A Star Is Born, beginning with the casting of Lady Gaga, whose relaxing, naturalistic performance is the key to the movie’s force.‎ A postMadonna pop artist was known for her elaborate(精心制作的) make up and costumes, which she adopted no more here.‎ This unmasking of Lady Gaga makes her character seem genuine or say natural, a quality that the movie is in favor of and that serves as a kind of everlasting first principle.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《A Star Is Born》这部电影的相关情况。‎ ‎5．What does the author think of the new movie?‎ A．Boring.　　 B．Recommendable.‎ C．Ridiculous. D．Amusing.‎ B　解析：观点态度题。根据第一段“Lady Gaga’s latest film became an instant hit over the weekend, helping push theaters to an October ticketselling record.”可推知，作者认为这部新电影是值得推荐的。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “soaring” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．‎ A．rising B．singing C．running D．shouting A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“different paths: a famous man who’s racing to the bottom and a woman who’s soaring to the top”可推知，画线词意为“上升”，故选A。‎ ‎7．What can we learn about the movie?‎ A．The remakes of the movie adopt different plots.‎ B．The movie tells the story of two friends on different paths.‎ C．Natural performance is considered as the only principle in this movie.‎ D．The movie is more impressive than what movie analysts expected.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“went beyond the previous expectations of movie analysts by roughly 30 percent”可知，这部电影给人的印象比电影分析师预期的要好。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．A Hollywood Movie—A Star Is Born B．Lady Gaga Is on the Edge of Potential Oscar Glory C．A Latest Film of Lady Gaga Won the Oscar Award D．The Box Office of Bradley Cooper’s New Movie A　解析：标题归纳题。根据对全文的整体理解，尤其是第一段“Lady Gaga’s latest film became an instant hit over the weekend, helping push theaters to an October ticketselling record.”可知，这篇文章主要讲述了A Star Is Born这部影片的相关内容，故A项最适合作本文标题。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·合肥高三调研)One of the areas of our body which conveys most about how we feel is how we move our hands and arms. 1.________， but most often they occur unconsciously and naturally.‎ ‎2．________. Open hands and arms, especially extended, and with hands up in front of the body at chest height, indicates that what you’re saying is important and, especially when people are speaking in public, a pointing finger or a hand waving above the shoulders stresses a personal point. However, research shows that people often find speakers who point their fingers a lot rather annoying.‎ Openness or honesty. 3.________， they will often hold one or both of their hands out to the other person. Footballers who have just committed a foul (犯规) often use this gesture to try to convince the referee that they didn’t do it.‎ Nervousness. If a person puts his hand to his mouth, this either indicates that he is hiding something, or that he is nervous. 4.________， and so does holding a bag or briefcase very tightly in front of the body.‎ Feeling defensive. Arms folded tightly over the chest is a classic gesture of defensiveness and indicates that you are protecting yourself. It is often seen among strangers in queues or in lifts or anywhere where people feel a bit insecure. People also sometimes use this gesture when they are listening to someone, to show that they disagree with what is being said. 5.________！‎ A．Saying something important B．When people want to be open or honest C．Hand and arm gestures are sometimes intentional D．But this gesture can simply mean that the person is cold E．Playing with your fingers, like tapping the table, also shows anxiety F．This gesture is typical of lawyers, accountants, and other professionals G．When someone puts up his both hands, he probably gives in to his enemies ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了肢体语言的各种含义，如说明你在讲重要的事；表示开放和诚实的心态；表示紧张和防御心理等。‎ ‎1．C　解析：根据该句中的“but”可知，空处与下文“手和手臂大部分时候会自然、无意识地移动”形成转折关系，C项中的“intentional”与该句中的“unconsciously and naturally”相对，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．A　解析：根据文章结构以及空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主题；结合本段内容尤其是下文中的“indicates that what you’re saying is important” “stresses a personal point”可知，该段主要陈述“肢体语言有时表示某事物的重要性”，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．B　解析：根据空前的“Openness or honesty.”可知，‎ 该段主要陈述肢体语言表明的第二种含义：表示开放或诚实(的心态)，结合选项中对应的“to be open or honest”可知， B项正确。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据该段主题句“Nervousness.”可知，该段主要陈述肢体语言表明的第三种含义：紧张。结合本段内容和下文中的“and so does holding a bag or briefcase very tightly in front of the body”可知，空处应是陈述另一种表示紧张的肢体语言形式，故E项正确。‎ ‎5．D　解析：根据该段第二句“Arms folded tightly over the chest is a classic gesture of defensiveness and indicates that you are protecting yourself.”可知，双臂紧紧地交叉在胸前是一种典型的防御姿势，表明你在保护自己。再结合常识可知，双臂紧紧地交叉在胸前仅仅说明你很寒冷，故D项正确。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·洛阳、许昌质检)Hotel guests in China might no 1.____________(long) have to worry about waiting in line to check in. At the Alibaba’s futuristic(未来派的) hotels, guests can scan their IDs, take a photo and input personal details using a machine to check 2.____________(they) in. The smart equipment will then provide a room key card after the information 3.____________(check). The process will take less than a minute, according to the company. Targeting only Chinese customers for now, the new service will be 4.____________(gradual) expanded globally. The rapid growth of mobile usage and mobile payment adoption can show 5.____________ convenient people’s life is becoming in China.‎ Alibaba isn’t the only company 6.____________ introduces hightech hotels. Smart LYZ, a Shenzhenbased company which focused 7.____________developing AI technology and smart hotels, opened the first ever fully automated(自动化的) hotel in Chengdu, Sichuan, back in January. 8.____________(travel) can book a room through Smart LYZ’s WeChat website, check in through a facial recognition machine, unlock the door with a 9.____________(give) passcode or through its mobile app and finally, check out by pressing a button on the app. The AI Smart Room will undoubtedly be extremely attractive to guests, 10.____________(create) the way for a new level of modernization and consumers’satisfaction.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了智能宾馆的相关内容。‎ ‎1．longer　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：在中国，宾馆住客再也不用担心排队登记入住了。no longer是固定搭配，意为“不再”，故填longer。‎ ‎2．themselves　解析：考查代词。此处表示完成他们自己的登记入住。故应用they的反身代词themselves，作check的宾语。‎ ‎3．is checked　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示在信息被核实之后。此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时，又根据语境并分析句子结构可知，主语the information与check之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，故填is checked。‎ ‎4．gradually　解析：考查词形转换。此处应用副词修饰其后的“expanded”。‎ ‎5．how　解析：考查宾语从句。此处表示在中国，人们的生活正在变得多么便利。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，又根据语境可知，此处表示程度，故用连接副词how“多么”。‎ ‎6．that　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词the only company，在句中作主语，又根据先行词前面有the only修饰，故填that引导该定语从句。‎ ‎7．on/upon　解析：考查介词。此处表示专注于研发AI技术和智能宾馆。focus on/upon是固定搭配，意为“集中”，故填on/upon。‎ ‎8．Travel(l)ers　解析：考查名词。此处表示通过Smart LYZ的微信网页，旅客们就能预订房间。根据语境可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎9．given　解析：考查形容词。根据空前的a和空后的名词passcode可知，此处应用形容词given“给定的”。‎ ‎10．creating　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，主语The AI Smart Room与create之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用create的现在分词形式creating。‎