【英语】2021届新高考英语大一轮复习能力提升北师大版：必修3Unit7　TheSea作业 18页

必修3　Unit 7　The Sea 能力提升题组训练(A)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (离岸流).Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore.However,inexperienced beachgoers often panic,and try to swim to land,placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness.According to the US National Ocean Service,the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues.These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past,thanks to Clever Girl,a smart buoy (浮标) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.‎ The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King,who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class.The 18-year-old,who works as a lifeguard during her spare time,came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.‎ The basketball-sized plastic buoy,which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor,is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋桨).When the water travels at speed of over 70 centimeters per second,it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy,warning ‎ swimmers to stay clear of the area.‎ Though it sounds simple enough,the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges.For instance,she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language.The device’s smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt,while the black,white,and red striped underside,keeps sharks and other animals at bay.‎ Future versions might include something like a warning siren,which would provide sound warnings of rip currents.Besides,the present model cost about $300 to make.“That’s beyond my purse.”she laughs,“the cost has to be cut down.”‎ ‎1.Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?‎ A.Waiting for rescues. B.Swimming to the shore.‎ C.Moving fast in the water. D.Floating with the water.‎ ‎2.Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?‎ A.She wanted to challenge her creativity. B.She was motivated by her working experience.‎ C.She was supposed to complete it for her class. D.She was scared by the statistics of the government.‎ ‎3.What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?‎ A.It’s not available on the market. B.It’s quite attractive for sea ‎ animals.‎ C.It’s based on a complex theory. D.It can give warnings in different ways.‎ ‎4.What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?‎ A.Safer and greener. B.Cheaper and safer.‎ C.Greener and more effective. D.Cheaper and more effective.‎ 语篇解读:对于每一位海洋爱好者来说,被困于离岸流是很危险的。本文主要介绍了当人们被这种海流困住时,应如何自救才能化险为夷,并介绍了澳大利亚女孩发明的离岸流警报装置Clever Girl。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore.”可知,对于有经验的游泳者来说,相对容易地摆脱离岸流的方法是漂浮在水面顺流游动或者沿着海岸游动。‎ ‎2.B　推理判断题。根据文中第二段最后一句“The 18-year-old,who works as a lifeguard during her spare time,came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.”可知,这位18岁的女孩在她业余时间当救生员时,发现大多数孩子不能发现离岸流,所以她想到了这个主意。‎ ‎3.A　推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Besides,the present model cost about $300 to ‎ make.”可知,这种装置目前还只是模型(model),这说明目前市场上还没有这种产品。‎ ‎4.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句中的include something like a warning siren,which would provide sound warnings of rip currents及最后一句中的“‘the cost has to be cut down’”可知,这一装置将来会更高效,且目前制作成本较高,所以其成本还要降低。‎ Ⅱ.七选五(2019湖南永州高三一模)‎ Five steps to make a difference to the oceans The oceans are being seriously polluted now.Plastics are harming the marine (海产的) life.Carbon pollution is warming the oceans and increasing their acidity(酸度).Waters are being overfished.1.　　　 Here are some steps we can take to help make a difference. ‎ Bring our own bags.2.　　　 Try carrying a reusable bag at all times,including while traveling,and bringing our own things to work to avoid relying on plastic items. ‎ Talk about it now.We should carry that conversation into public places.Talk to our friends and family about why the ocean is important and why we take steps to help it,and challenge them to do the same.‎ ‎3.　　　 A good way to make a difference is to organize a garbage cleanup now.Whether it’s an inland cleanup or one near the coast,plan one in our community. ‎ Throw away our cars.4.　　　 When we hang out,we should reduce our carbon footprint,which may help slow global warming and ocean ‎ acidification as well as conserve energy. ‎ Recycle,obviously.Experts say recycling is an obvious action to take.Check on what can be recycled in our community,and make sure you’re separating out your plastic.‎ In summary,think about it more and act on it more.The more someone thinks about plastics and plastics pollution,the environment and the consequences of our actions,the more likely they are to act on it.5.　　 ‎ A.Plan a cleanup.‎ B.Choose public transportation over driving our cars.‎ C.Driving cars is not a good way to protect the oceans.‎ D.However,experts say there’s still hope to make a difference.‎ E.However,marine life plays a very important role in the oceans.‎ F.If everyone can contribute to the oceans,the oceans will be well preserved.‎ G.Whenever we put something,we should bring our own bag,but not a plastic one.‎ 答案:1-5 DGABF Ⅲ.完形填空 Johnny and I lived in a small neighborhood in 1955.We had bought our two young sons two 　1　 for Christmas and Johnny would assemble them on Christmas Eve. ‎ But on Christmas Eve day,Johnny 　2　 to go to Brookley Air Force Base in Mobile to repair a jet.I had my hands full with flour,preparing for Christmas dinner and 　3　 two energetic boys. ‎ I was making the chocolate cake when a(n) 　4　 knocked on the door.It was Beatrice who was the only person on our road with a telephone.The base had 　5　 to say that a heavy torque wrench (扭矩扳手) had come apart in Johnny’s hand,making the bone broken.My sister-in-law Ruth and her husband,Otto,took me to the 　6　 while my mother-in-law stayed with the children. ‎ We got there only to 　7　 Johnny with a cast on his arm,eager to get home although the doctor required that he stay.It was Christmas Eve,Johnny 　8　,and he had bikes to assemble for his boys.The doctor said he’d consider 　9　 him the next morning if Johnny could find someone to drive him home. ‎ On Christmas morning,Johnny tried calling the motor pool (车辆调配所).They said 　10　 must come from higher up,so Johnny kept making calls.　11　,a big blue car rolled up to the hospital asking for the man who needed a 　12　 home. ‎ Johnny’s mother and I were putting dinner on the table when we heard the car.We were 　13　 to see Johnny.With Otto’s help,Johnny assembled the boys’ gifts. ‎ That cold Christmas Day,our hearts were full of 　14　 for those ‎ who had gone the extra mile to bring us 　15　 on the holiday. ‎ ‎1.A.cars B.bicycles C.phones D.toys ‎2.A.asked B.refused C.had D.used ‎3.A.searching for B.playing with C.worrying about D.looking after ‎4.A.stranger B.engineer C.operator D.neighbor ‎5.A.paused B.called C.decided D.intended ‎6.A.base B.hospital C.destination D.station ‎7.A.find B.supply C.assist D.equip ‎8.A.believed B.imagined C.expected D.argued ‎9.A.admiring B.dismissing C.rewarding D.assessing ‎10.A.ideas B.demands C.orders D.policies ‎11.A.Suddenly B.Finally C.Instantly D.Gradually ‎12.A.lift B.recipe C.trip D.voyage ‎13.A.thrilled B.embarrassed C.motivated D.terrified ‎14.A.generosity B.consideration C.kindness D.appreciation ‎15.A.close B.apart C.around D.together 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者一家人在圣诞节那天来之不易的团聚的故事。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.B　cars汽车;bicycles自行车;phones手机;toys玩具。根据下文中的“...he had bikes to assemble for his boys.”可知此处指买自行车。故B项正确。‎ ‎2.C　asked to do请求做;refused to do拒绝做;had to do不得不做;used to do过去常常做。根据But及最后一段That cold Christmas Day可知,圣诞节放假时间本应该是在家团聚的过节的时间,但Johnny却不得不上班。故C项正确。‎ ‎3.D　searching for寻找;playing with和……玩;worrying about担心;looking after照顾。根据上文的We had bought our two young sons...可知,儿子们还小,需要照顾。故D项正确。‎ ‎4.D　stranger陌生人;engineer工程师;operator接线员;neighbor邻居。根据“Johnny and I lived in a small neighborhood in 1955.”及下文“It was Beatrice who was the only person on our road with a telephone.”可推断,此处指一位邻居敲门。故D项正确。‎ ‎5.B　paused暂停;called打电话;decided决定;intended打算。根据“It was Beatrice who was the only person on our road with a telephone.”可推断,此处指Johnny上班的基地打电话说他在单位出了事故。故B项正确。‎ ‎6.B　base基地;hospital医院;destination目的地;station车站。根据“...eager to get home although the doctor required that...”可推断作者是去医院。故B项正确。‎ ‎7.A　find发现;supply供给;assist辅助;equip装备。此处指作者到了医院以后发现丈夫Johnny的伤情。故A项正确。‎ ‎8.D　believed相信;imagined想象;expected盼望;argued争论,提出理由。根据“It was Christmas Eve...and he had bikes to assemble for his ‎ boys.”可知,此处指Johnny表达观点。故D项正确。‎ ‎9.B　admiring羡慕;dismissing让……离开;rewarding奖励;assessing评价。根据“...if Johnny could find someone to drive him home.”可推断,医生考虑放Johnny回家。故B项正确。‎ ‎10.C　ideas主意;demands要求;orders命令;policies政策。根据语境可知,此处指派车的命令。故C项正确。‎ ‎11.B　Suddenly突然;Finally最终;Instantly立刻;Gradually逐渐。根据“...so Johnny kept making calls.”可推断Johnny打了很多个电话后,终于要来了车。故B项正确。‎ ‎12.A　lift搭便车;recipe食谱;trip旅行;voyage航行。根据“...if Johnny could find someone to drive him home.”可知,此处指Johnny搭便车回家。故A项正确。‎ ‎13.A　thrilled激动的;embarrassed尴尬的;motivated有动机的;terrified很害怕的。原本住院的丈夫得以在圣诞节回家,作者及其家人感到激动。故A项正确。‎ ‎14.D　generosity慷慨;consideration体贴;kindness善良;appreciation感激。根据“...for those who had gone the extra mile to bring us 　15　 on the holiday.”可推断,作者一家满怀感激。故D项正确。 ‎ ‎15.D　close紧密地;apart分开地;around在周围;together在一起。根据语境可知,此处指住院的丈夫回家与一家人团聚。故D项正确。‎ 能力提升题组训练(B)‎ Ⅰ.阅读 A Our planet is home to about seven billion people.Since the 1990s,population experts have predicted the number would grow to nine billion before it begins to slow down and possibly decrease.‎ But a new report predicts the world’s population is likely to increase to almost 11 billion by 2100.Based on the most modern statistical tools,the new report makes use of government records and considers expert predictions,including death rates,birth rates and international migration,or people moving across borders.The report says during the rest of this century,Africa’s population will grow from about 3.5 billion to 5.1 billion over the next 85 years.‎ John is director of the United Nations Population Division.He says that in the past,researchers thought population growth in Africa would be similar to that of other areas.They expected slower growth rates as birth control use became more widespread.But he says those ideas were wrong.‎ ‎“The level of contraception use has continued to increase but slowly—more slowly than expected,and birth rate therefore has been falling less rapidly than expected,and the population therefore continues to grow somewhat more rapidly than we expected.”The new findings are based on a joint research project of the United Nations and the University of Washington.‎ The researchers believe the population of Asia will reach five billion ‎ by 2050.That is up from the current 4.4 billion.And then it begins to decline.The researchers also believe that North America,Europe,Latin America and the Caribbean area will have a total population of below one billion.‎ John says the pressure of feeding the rising population is likely to be less than that might be expected.‎ ‎“The relatively good news is that the world has been winning the race between population growth and food production.If you look back historically over the last 50 years,certainly for the world as a whole and for many most individual countries and regions,the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.”‎ ‎1.Which area will experience the largest increase in population at the end of the century?‎ A.Asia. B.Africa. C.Europe. D.North America.‎ ‎2.“Contraception use” in the fourth paragraph refers to 　　　. ‎ A.a method of expert predictions B.a way of avoiding growth in population C.a joint research into the rising population D.a potential technology for food production ‎3.Why is the pressure of feeding the rising population less than expected according to John?‎ A.Expert predictions are not exactly like what the facts happen.‎ B.Birth rates have always been falling less rapidly than we expected.‎ C.The population grows less rapidly than population experts expected.‎ D.The increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.‎ ‎4.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A.The world’s population will increase constantly. ‎ B.The population of Asia will rise by 5 billion by 2050.‎ C.John is optimistic about feeding the rising population. ‎ D.Population growth in Africa was much slower than expected.‎ 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一份预测未来世界人口增长趋势的报告。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,非洲人口会增长1.6 billion;根据第五段可知,亚洲人口到2050年会增长0.6 billion,接着会下降;根据第五段的最后一句可知,欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区总人口将不到1 billion。故选B。‎ ‎2.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段的第三句可知,他们预计控制人口生育措施的普及会使人口出生率的速度减慢,故文中画线短语的意思与B项“避免人口增长的方法”相近,故选B。‎ ‎3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“ the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population”可知,食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故选D。‎ ‎4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,John认为好消息在于人口增长与食物产量增长这场比赛中世界各国一直在取得胜利,并且食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故可推知选C。‎ B ‎(2019江西三名校高三联考)‎ When I was three years old,I couldn’t speak.It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand.‎ One day,I was shadowing (尾随) my mother.She found herself looking in a mirror,and through it our eyes met.She began to speak to me through the reflection,and I slowly began to mimic (模仿) her mouth’s movements until I formed a word.‎ It turned out that I’m deaf in my left ear,and have a slight problem in my right.Being hard of hearing has been difficult,but I’ve never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow.Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side.That’s my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”,and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes.‎ People call my deaf side my “bad ear”,but when I wear my hearing aid,I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t.In cinemas,for example,with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors.‎ Owning a hearing aid hasn’t always felt good,however.On the first day I got my aid,when I was eight,I took it to school for show and tell.As I explained how it worked to my classmates,a boy yelled out,“Aren’t those for old men?” At that moment,I felt different.It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers.‎ But it’s not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens.Every video on social media that lacks subtitles (字幕),for example,means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it.Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too,as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find.‎ And with hearing aids costing around $2,500 each,it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to the things that others take for granted.As for me,I can listen to music,enjoy films,and catch conversations — I’m lucky.I’m deaf,but I can still hear everything.I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences,and I am human.And when it comes to sleeping,I’m even “superhuman”.‎ ‎5.How does the author view his hearing difficulty?‎ A.It’s a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble.‎ B.It gave him a chance to experience something special.‎ C.It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates.‎ D.It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted.‎ ‎6.What can be inferred from the passage about the author?‎ A.He was born deaf.‎ B.He is optimistic and helpful.‎ C.His family and classmates have supported him a lot.‎ D.The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life.‎ ‎7.What is the author’s attitude toward his life?‎ A.Grateful. B.Anxious.‎ C.Excited. D.Disappointed.‎ ‎8.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?‎ A.To give advice on life to disabled people.‎ B.To show how difficult life is for disabled people.‎ C.To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude.‎ D.To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring.‎ 语篇解读:本文主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎5.B　推理判断题。根据对第三段及第四段的整体理解,及最后一段最后两句可推知,听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验,故选B。‎ ‎6.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句People call my deaf side my “bad ear”,but when I wear my hearing aid,I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don’t和对本段及最后一段的整体理解可推知,助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利,故选D。‎ ‎7.A　观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句As for me,I can listen to ‎ music,enjoy films,and catch conversations — I’m lucky和第四句I’ve been blessed with wonderful life experiences,and I am human可推知,作者对自己的生活充满感激之情,故选A。‎ ‎8.C　写作意图题。根据对全文的整体理解可知,本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事,故选C。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空(2019安徽皖南八校联考)‎ Youth seems to be fading away in my heart,only leaving me some unforgettable 1.　　　　 (memory).Things that we believed would last forever had 2.　　　　 (actual) gone in a second before we realized it.Those who we used to deeply love have now become strangers.Our once pure and beautiful dream is gradually fading away with time passing by.This is youth,3.　　　　 is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity. ‎ Human is such a strange animal that we mostly ignore something 4.　　　　 we lose it.We 5.　　　　 (gain) a lot of things,but also we have lost a lot.We are in great effort in changing our fate and bringing more happiness to people around us.However,we soon realize it is difficult 6.　　　　 (achieve) any of them.It is a lifelong promise.Many things would change with time and no one can guarantee eternity (永恒).So,silence becomes the best 7.　　　　 (solve) to all difficulties and hardships. ‎ The flying youth has deposited (沉积) too many things in our heart.Life should 8.　　　　 (treat) with special care.We should treasure ‎ every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because 9.　　　　 best things will be gone very easily.If you do not want to have tearing eyes,then just try to smile and hold a positive attitude towards 10.　　　　 (you) life every day! ‎ 答案及剖析:‎ ‎1.memories　考查名词复数。青春似乎在我的心中消逝,只留给我一些难以忘怀的记忆。根据 some unforgettable 可知,有许多令人难忘的记忆,所以要用复数memories。‎ ‎2.actually　考查副词。那些我们认为会永远存在的事情在我们意识到之前实际上已经过去了。分析句子可知,本句中的空格处在句子中作状语修饰gone,因此要用副词形式,故用actually。‎ ‎3.which　考查非限制性定语从句。分析This is youth,　　　 is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity可知,本句中的youth是先行词,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which。这就是青春,从熟悉到陌生,从陌生到熟悉,这是一个无止境的循环。 ‎ ‎4.until/before/unless　考查连词。分析句子可知,是说人在失去某些东西时/之后才会知道忽略了它。故可填until/before/unless。‎ ‎5.have gained　考查谓语动词。根据后面“but also we have lost a lot.”可知,表示已收获了很多的同时也失去了很多,表示动作已完成,故填have gained。‎ ‎6.to achieve　考查固定句式。It is +形容词+to do ‎ sth.,为固定句式,这种句式中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。然而,我们很快意识到要实现它们是很困难的。故本题填to achieve。‎ ‎7.solution　考查名词。分析句子So,silence becomes the best 　　　　 (solve) to all difficulties and hardships.可知,本句中的空格处被the best修饰,要填名词,故用solve的名词solution。因此,沉默是解决所有困难和艰辛的最好办法。 ‎ ‎8.be treated　考查被动语态。分析句子Life should 　　　　 (treat)...可知Life 是应该特别小心(被)对待。所以要用被动。而should 后要用动词原形,故填 be treated。 ‎ ‎9.the　考查冠词。分析 　　　　 best things可知,形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,故本题填the。 ‎ ‎10.your　考查代词。如果你不想流泪,那就试着微笑,每天积极面对生活。因为要修饰名词life,故用形容词性物主代词your。‎