2020届外研版高考英语新一轮复习必修5学案：Module5TheGreatSportsPersonality 19页

Module 5 The Great Sports Personality 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．rugby n．　橄榄球 ‎2．bat n. 球拍；球棒 ‎3．club n. 高尔夫球棒 ‎4．net n. 网 ‎5．ring n. 拳击台 ‎6．tracksuit n. 运动服 ‎7．trainer n. 运动鞋；教练员 ‎8．brand n. 商标；牌子 ‎9．logo n. (公司或组织的)标识；标志 ‎10．sportswear n. 运动服装；休闲服装 ‎11．slogan n. 标语 ‎12．marathon n. 马拉松 ‎13．ministry n. (政府的)部 ‎14．ultimate adj. 最后的 ‎15.final n．　　决赛 ‎16．dramatically adv. 戏剧性地 ‎17．protest vi. 抗议 ‎18．borough n. (自治)区 ‎ Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．stadium n. 体育场，运动场 ‎2．track n. 跑道 ‎3．background n. 背景 ‎4．guarantee vt. 保证 ‎5．purchase vt. 购买 ‎6．symbol n. 符号 ‎7．score vi.& vt. 得分 ‎8．quality n. 特性；品德；品性 ‎9．victory n. 胜利 ‎10．tough adj. 费力的；棘手的；困难的 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．athletics n．田径运动→athlete n．运动员→athletic adj.体育的，运动的 ‎2．retire vi.退休→retirement n．退休→retired adj.退休的 ‎3．perform vi.表现→performer n．执行者；表演者→performance n．表现；表演 ‎4．advantage n．优势；长处→disadvantage n．劣势；弱点 ‎5．designer n．设计师→design vt.& n．设计 ‎6．gymnast n．体操运动员→gym/gymnasium n．体育馆→gymnastics n．体操，体操训练 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．He was the only champion who won world table tennis championship five times.(champion)‎ ‎2．The advantage of cycling to work is that we can live a lowcarbon life while the disadvantage is that it wastes time.(advantage)‎ ‎3．Tom is retiring next year, so he is asking Mr.Smith, a retired doctor, who is 80 years old, for some advice on how to spend the retirement life.(retire)‎ ‎4．The performance given by this performer who often performed in public was a great ‎7．specific adj.具体的；特定的→specifically adv.明确地；准确地 ‎8．champion n．冠军→championship n．冠军地位；锦标赛 ‎9．declare vt.宣布→declaration n．宣言；声明 ‎10．competitor n．竞争者；对手→compete v．竞赛；竞争→competition n．竞赛；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 ‎ success.(perform)‎ ‎5．The designer,_who had designed a great number of famous works, said that most of his designs came from a sudden inspiration.(design)‎ ‎6．The two athletes are competing for the gold medal.The result of the competition is hard to predict because the two competitors are both excellent and competitive.(compete)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.as_well_as　　和……一样 ‎2．make_a_list_of 列举 ‎3．be_made_up_of 由……组成 ‎4．on_the_increase 正在增加 ‎5．have_an_advantage_over 比……有优势 ‎6．vote_for 投票选举 ‎7．after_all 毕竟；终归 ‎8．of_all_time 有史以来 ‎9．be_up_to_sb. 由某人决定 ‎10．rise_to_one's_feet 站起身 ‎1.Traffic accidents are on_the_increase as a result of the increase of private cars.‎ ‎2．Men usually have_an_advantage_over women when hunting for jobs.‎ ‎3．I want to know what she stands for before I vote_for her.‎ ‎4．Confucius is respected by most Chinese as the greatest teacher of_all_time.‎ ‎5．I saw two boys rising_to_their_feet at the same time to answer the question.‎ ‎6．The man, as_well_as his wife and children, often sits on the sofa watching TV.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.‎ 但即使是已经赢得了在自己运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退了役。‎ even though“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。‎ 尽管金钱对于生活是必不可少的，但是它买不到幸福。‎ Even_though_money_is_necessary_to_life,_it can't buy happiness.‎ ‎2.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his ‎“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that ...”‎ 正是在老师的帮助下我实现了我的抱负。‎ ‎ new life.‎ 但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。‎ 强调句型。‎ It was with my teacher's help that I achieved my ambition.‎ ‎3.If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.‎ 如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。‎ the chances are (that) ...“很可能……”。‎ 如果你努力申请这份工作的话，你很有可能被录用。‎ If you make efforts in applying for the job, the_chances_are_(that)_you_will_be_employed.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．perform v．表演，表现；运转；履行，执行 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2015·浙江高考)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another.‎ ‎②(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)My classmates and I have decided to organize some wonderful singing and dancing performances (perform) for them, which will last about 3 hours.‎ 补全句子 ‎③The doctor will set out to_perform_the_operation,_so please keep calm.‎ 医生就要开始做手术了，因此请保持镇静。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)perform one's duty/promise　　　 履行职责/诺言 perform an experiment/operation 做实验/手术 ‎(2)performance n． 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行 give/put on a performance 演出 ‎(3)performer n． 执行者，表演者，演奏者，能手 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写 ‎④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)另外，会有著名的艺术家现场表演如何剪纸。‎ In addition, there are famous artists who will perform_how_to_cut_paper on the spot.‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤(2015·天津高考)You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to ‎ perform different tasks.执行 ‎2．advantage n．优势；长处；优点，有利条件 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·江苏高考书面表达)The advantages (advantage) and disadvantages of ratings are often closely related.‎ ‎②He has the advantage of getting the job because his brother is the director of sales department.‎ ‎③It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)take (full) advantage of　 (充分)利用 gain/win/have an advantage over sb. 比某人有优势；胜过，优于 to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb. 对某人有利 have the advantage of (doing) sth. 有(做)……的有利条件 ‎(2)disadvantage n. 劣势；不利条件 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④We had to recognize that they had many advantages to us in some aspects.第二个to→over 佳句时时写 ‎⑤父母应该积极地督促孩子利用这个机会加入体育队。‎ Parents should actively urge their children to take_advantage_of_the_opportunity to join sports teams.‎ ‎3．guarantee vt.保证；担保；为……作担保；使……必然发生 n．保证(书)；担保(物)；抵押品；保修单 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We guarantee to_deliver (deliver) your goods within a week.‎ ‎②The manufacturer gives us a guarantee that the iPad is_guaranteed (guarantee) for a year.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Even if you complete your training, I can't guarantee_you_a_job.‎ 即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有一份工作。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)guarantee to do sth.　　　　 保证做某事 保证某人得到某物 ‎(2)give sb.a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺 under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④Your watch will be repaired free if it's still under the guarantee.去掉the 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ 你能向我保证按时完工吗？‎ ‎⑤Can you guarantee_to_me that the work will be finished on time？(guarantee v．)‎ ‎⑥Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on time？(guarantee n．)‎ ‎4．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Police have now declared war on/against drug dealers in the area.‎ ‎②When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy, which made them unhappy.‎ ‎③When the meeting was declared closed (close), all the people present got up and left.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ declare war on/against　　　 向……宣战 declare for/against 表示赞成/反对 declare sb.to be ... 宣布某人为……‎ declare ...open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 declare that ... 宣布……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④Hearing the meeting declaring open, all the representatives applauded for a long time.declaring→declared 佳句时时写 ‎⑤当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。‎ When the teacher declared_me_to_be_the_winner_of_the_English_Speech_Contest,_I was surprised and pleased.‎ ‎1．on the increase正在增加/长，在增大 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)on the decrease/decline　　　　 在减少/衰退 on the rise 在上涨，在增长 ‎(2)increase by ... 增加了……‎ increase to ... 增加到……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎①The total amount of packaging increased to 12% between 1999 and 2005.to→by ‎②The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased by 700 persons.by→to ‎③The number of students going abroad for further study is on decrease nowadays.decrease前加the 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎④The number of people who study Chinese has been rising in the past few years.‎ ‎→The number of people who study Chinese has been on_the_increase/rise in the past few years.‎ ‎2．rise to one's feet站起身 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2016·浙江高考)Jane jumped to her feet, waving her handmade flag and crying for help.‎ ‎②Now that you have grown up, you must learn to stand on your own feet.‎ ‎③I found an old man fell into a pool, but quickly he struggled to his feet.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ jump/leap to one's feet　　　　　 跳起来 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 stand on one's own feet 自立，经济上独立 set foot on/in 踏上/进入 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The moment he set feet on his motherland, he became excited.feet→foot 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎⑤At the end of the concert, the audience stood up to applaud and cheer.‎ ‎→At the end of the concert, the audience rose_to_their_feet to applaud and cheer.‎ ‎3．(the) chances are (that) ...‎ ‎　[教材原句]　If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①My application has been approved, and the_chances_are_that I will leave the company next month.‎ ‎＝My application has been approved, and there_is_a_chance_that I will leave the company next month.‎ 我的申请已经被批准了，我很可能下个月离开公司。‎ ‎②There_is_no_chance_of doing business if you insist on that offer.‎ 如果你们坚持那个报价，就不可能做成生意。‎ ‎③(2016·四川高考)Chinese scientists recently had_a_chance_to_study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.‎ 中国的科学家最近有个研究一只带着新生宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫的机会。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)(the) chances are (that) ...“很可能……”，句型中的the和that都可省略。表达此意时还可用there is a chance that ...句式。‎ ‎(2)there's no chance of doing/to do sth./that ...　 “不可能……”。‎ ‎(3)have a chance of doing/to do sth. “有做某事的机会”。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)(the) chances are (that)句式中的chance只能用复数。‎ ‎(2)possibility也可以表示可能性，构成句式There is a/no possibility to do/of doing/that ...‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)If you work hard at English, the chances are (that) you will pass the final exam.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“体育活动”子话题相对应 ‎　一、话题语素积累多一点　‎ 话题词汇记一记 子话题(一)　体育项目 温故浅易词汇 ‎①basketball　②football　　③tennis④race ⑤swimming ⑥shooting ‎ ‎⑦high jump ⑧long jump 识记生疏词汇 ‎①gymnastics n．体操　②athletics n．田径 ‎③relay n．接力 ④diving n．跳水 ‎⑤weightlifting n．举重 ⑥boxing n．拳击(运动)‎ ‎⑦court n．球场 ⑧track n．跑道 ‎⑨athlete n．运动员 ⑩coach n．教练 ‎⑪referee n．裁判 ⑫stadium n．体育场 子话题(二)　体育比赛 温故浅易词汇 ‎①event　②match　③competition ④performance ⑤win ⑥beat/defeat ⑦medal 识记生疏词汇 ‎①cheer n．加油　②laughter n．笑声 ‎③platform n．平台 ④impressive adj.印象深刻的 ‎⑤deserve vt.应得，应受 ⑥glory n．巨大的光荣，荣誉 ‎⑦performance n．表现 ⑧competitive adj.有竞争力的 ‎⑨unexpectedly adv.预料不到地 ‎ ‎⑩tournament n．锦标赛，联赛 常用词块忆一忆 ‎①field events 　　　　　　　　 田赛项目 ‎②track events 径赛项目 ‎③swimming pool 游泳池 ‎④diving platform 跳台 ‎⑤starting/finishing line 起点/终点线 ‎⑥in high spirits 精神抖擞；情绪高昂 ‎⑦get first/second place 获得第一/二名 ‎⑧sports talent 运动天赋 ‎⑨sports meeting 运动会 ‎⑩an unforgettable experience 难忘的经历 ‎⑪participate in 参加；参与 ‎⑫hard training 艰苦的训练 ‎⑬pay off 有所回报 ‎⑭a close game 一场势均力敌的比赛 ‎⑮break the record 打破纪录 写作佳句背一背 ‎①Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy.‎ ‎②Some people seem to think that sports are unimportant things that people do at times when ‎ they are not working.‎ ‎③It's obvious that daily exercise is very beneficial to your health.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 你校第二届教工冬季游泳比赛(the second teaching staff winter swimming competition)顺利进行。假如你是校英语报的记者，请根据以下要点写一则报道。‎ ‎1．简述背景信息(时间、地点等)；‎ ‎2．描述比赛场景及结果；‎ ‎3．发表你的评论。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎　　　‎ ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 dive, participate in, competition, platform, swimming pool, get first/second place, sports talent, free sb.from work　　‎ ‎1．11月22日下午3点，第二届教工冬季游泳比赛在我校游泳馆举行。‎ At_3：00_p．m._on_November_22,_the_second_teaching_staff_winter_swimming_competition_was_held_in_our_school_swimming_pool.‎ ‎2．老师们参加了这次比赛。‎ Teachers_participated_in_the_competition.‎ ‎3．一些游得很好。‎ Some_were_swimming_well.‎ ‎4．其他一些跳到池中水花四溅。‎ Others_dived_into_the_pool_with_water_splashing_around.‎ ‎5．游泳馆不断爆发出加油声和笑声。‎ The_swimming_pool_exploded_into_cheers_and_laughter_constantly.‎ ‎6．数学老师队不出所料地得到了第一名。‎ The_team_of_maths_teachers_got_first_place_expectedly.‎ ‎7．令我们吃惊的是，英语老师队赢得了第二名。‎ To_our_surprise,_the_team_of_our_English_teachers_won_second_place.‎ ‎8．这不仅是一场比赛。‎ This_event_is_more_than_a_competition.‎ ‎9．它给我们的老师们提供了一个平台。‎ It_provides_our_teachers_with_a_platform.‎ ‎10．在这个平台，他们不仅能够展示运动才能，而且能暂时从工作中放松自己。‎ On_the_platform,_they_can_not_only_show_their_sports_talents_but_free_themselves_from_work_for_a_while.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎11．在第2句中加入都“兴高采烈地”。‎ Teachers,_all_in_high_spirits,_participated_in_the_competition.‎ ‎12．在第3句后加入状语从句“好像他们是专业选手一样”。‎ Some_were_swimming_well_as_if_they_were_professionals.‎ ‎13．在第7句中加入定语从句“去年他们名列第五”。‎ To_our_surprise,_the_team_of_our_English_teachers,_who_marked_the_fifth_last_year,_won_second_place.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎1．用并列连词while合并第4句和第12句。‎ Some_were_swimming_well_as_if_they_were_professionals_while_others_dived_into_the_pool_with_water_splashing_around.‎ ‎2．用what引导主语从句升级第13句。‎ What_surprised_us_was_that_the_team_of_our_English_teachers,_who_marked_the_fifth_last_year,_won_second_place.‎ ‎3．用where引导定语从句合并第9句和第10句。‎ It_provides_our_teachers_with_a_platform,_where_they_can_not_only_show_their_sports_talents_but_free_themselves_from_work_for_a_while.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 根据语句间的逻辑关系，可添加therefore， finally， generally speaking做好上下文的衔接过渡。‎ At_3：00_p．m._on_November_22,_the_second_teaching_staff_winter_swimming_competition_was_held_in_our_school_swimming_pool.‎ Teachers,_all_in_high_spirits,_participated_in_the_competition._Some_were_swimming_well_as_if_they_were_professionals_while_others_dived_into_the_pool_with_water_splashing_around.Therefore,_the_swimming_pool_exploded_into_cheers_and_laughter_constantly.Finally_the_team_of_maths_teachers_got_first_place_expectedly.What_surprised_us_was_that_the_team_of_our_English_teachers,_who_marked_the_fifth_last_year,_won_second_place.‎ Generally_speaking,_this_event_is_more_than_a_competition.It_provides_our_teachers_with_a_platform_where_they_can_not_only_show_their_sports_talents_but_free_themselves_from_‎ work_for_a_while.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Both teams train for two hours a day and participate in competitions (竞赛) regularly.‎ ‎2．(2016·浙江高考)In this article, you need to back up general statements with specific (具体的) examples.‎ ‎3．Take this opportunity, and I guarantee (保证) that you won't regret it.‎ ‎4．All people consider she is one of the most excellent champions (冠军) in history.‎ ‎5．With a good command of both Chinese and English, she has a(n) advantage (优势) over other interviewees.‎ ‎6．The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a symbol (标志) of courage and power.‎ ‎7．The chairman declared (宣布) the meeting open at 8：00 this morning.‎ ‎8．When the worldfamous tennis player announced her retirement (退役), she couldn't help crying.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．If you want to have an advantage ❶over others in some fields, you should guarantee ❷to_take (take) great efforts.In some way, it's up ❸to you to decide whether you will succeed or not.‎ ‎2．Because their products are ❶of high quality, the number of people ❷purchasing (purchase) the products is on ❸the increase.‎ ‎3．As soon as her ❶performance (perform) in the singing ❷competition (compete) came to an end, every audience present rose ❸to their feet to give her a big applause.‎ ‎4．Before ❶retirement (retire), he ❷had_scored (score) 200 goals.Now he acts as a ❸trainer (train), devoting himself to educating young children.‎ Ⅲ.语境改错 文中共有7处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。‎ Those days, the number of people who signed up for the English Speech Contest were on the increase.Everyone had his own advantages and wanted to be the final champion.Fortunate, I performed good and scored the highest mark in the final.When the host declared that I was the champion, I rose on my feet, and walked to the platform for the prize.I think it was my teacher's guidance as well as my constant practice which guaranteed my success.Every time when I think of it, I always feel proud of me.‎ 答案：第一句：were→was 第三句：Fortunate→Fortunately; good→well 第四句：on→to 第五句：which→that 第六句：去掉when; me→myself Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．你应该利用这次好机会练习你的英语口语。(advantage)‎ You should take_advantage_of_the_good_chance to practise your oral English.‎ ‎2．这种洗衣机质量上乘，因此在全国销量很好。(quality)‎ This kind of washing machine is of_high_quality so that it sells well all over the country.‎ ‎3．如果你住在农村，很可能听到过鸟儿在歌唱着迎接新的一天的到来。(the chances are that ...)‎ If you live in the country, the_chances_are_that_you_have_heard_birds_singing to welcome the new day.‎ ‎4．即使你可能会失败，你也应该尽力去完成你的工作。(even though)‎ Even_though_you_might_fail,_you should try your best to finish your work.‎ ‎5．不是兴趣而是市场需求影响着大学生的专业选择。(强调句型)‎ It_is_not_their_interest_but_the_need_of_the_market_that influences students' choices of college majors.‎ Ⅴ.短文填空 ‎(Ⅰ)根据提示填空 Pedestrianism, an early form of racewalking, was a(n) ❶extremely (extreme) popular sport in 18thand 19thcentury Britain, ❷attracting (attract) huge crowds of spectators (观众)．Individuals would either aim to walk a certain distance within a(n) ❸limited (limit) period of time or compete against other pedestrians.‎ Perhaps the most famous ❹walker (walk) was Captain Robert Barclay Allardice, whose extraordinary(非凡的) achievements earned him the ❺title (称号) of the “Celebrated Pedestrian”．The Scotsman's most memorable ❻performance (perform) took place in 1809, when he walked 1,000 miles in 1,000 hours for a bet of 1,000 guineas (an old British unit of money)．Many considered it unlikely that he would ❼complete_the_challenge (完成这次挑战), which required him to walk a mile an hour, for fortytwo days and nights.He proved them wrong, though the task was so ❽physically (身体上) demanding that by the end of the walk he had lost nearly fifteen kilos in weight.‎ Since the 20th century, interest in walking as a sport ❾has_dropped (drop)．Racewalking is still Olympic sport, but fails ❿to_catch (catch) the public attention as it did.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)片段选词填空 performance， impressive， cheer， sports meeting， unforgettable experience， opening ‎ parade， high jump， hard training， pay off， event ‎ Last weekend our school held a ❶sports_meeting.Realizing it was our last high school sports meeting, we decided to make it an ❷unforgettable_experience for all of us.‎ We first attended the ❸opening_parade,_for which our class had made a lot of preparations.To our excitement, our parade ❹performance was a great success.After the parade, the games started.My classmates attended various ❺events such as running, ❻high_jump and long jump.Due to the ❼hard_training they had done before, their performances were very ❽impressive.On the stand, my classmates applauded and ❾cheered for the athletes, some raising their cameras to capture the exciting moments.Finally, the result was announced.It was amazing that our class won the second place.Our efforts ❿paid_off! Cup in hand, we took a picture together.‎ I believe this sports meeting will remain a precious memory for all of us as time goes by.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2016·浙江高考)Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best performance (perform) to this day.‎ ‎2．(2015·北京高考)As a retired (retire) ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.‎ ‎3．(2011·福建高考)My experience of owning a shop and working as a designer (design) in Colombia gave me confidence in my abilities.‎ ‎4．(2011·重庆高考)Green Maps is not specifically (specific) intended for travelers.‎ ‎5．(2011·福建高考)In one sense, that's a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage (advantage)．‎ ‎6．(2011·浙江高考)In the more and more competitive (compete) service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用declare, retirement, advantage, perform填空)‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)The story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club __47__ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me.‎ performed ‎2．(2012·江苏高考完形填空)I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for ‎ anyone who really wants it.Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off.The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many __50__， as well as disadvantages.advantages ‎3．(2010·辽宁高考完形填空)As I found out, there is, in fact, often no perfect equivalence (对应) between two words in two languages.My aunt even goes so far as to __48__ that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the exact meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition (定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning.Gradually, I have come to see what she meant.declare ‎4．(2010·天津高考完形填空)Moody faces __34__ in three years, when he hopes to run the foundation fulltime.“I'm living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my community to give back，” Moody says.“If I teach a kid to fish today, he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow.”retirement ‎　　　　　　　　　二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度　‎ 新高考下的命题新视角：国家一直倡导全民健身运动，推进体育强国的建设。因此“体育精神”成为近年来的高考热点。伴随着2020年东京奥运会的即将举行和2022年中国冬奥会的申办成功，我们应多关注体育相关方面的话题与文章。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎[1]In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some hold an optimistic attitude.They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity (繁荣) and that anyone who wants to be outstanding has to keep up with the pace.Others think otherwise.They say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another and that it leads to the unfriendly relationship among people.‎ ‎[2]I have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth depended on how well they performed at tennis and other skills.For them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs.In their singleminded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.‎ ‎[3]However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others have an opposite opinion.In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition.Among the_most_vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society.They have no choice.Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail.They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success.By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they really try and lose, that will mean a lot.Such a loss would be a measure of their worth.Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves.Both are based on ‎ the mistaken belief that one's selfrespect relies on how well one performs compared with others.Both are afraid of not being valued.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (消除) can we discover a new meaning in competition.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了不同的人对竞争的不同观点，在结尾作者也给出了自己的看法。‎ ‎1．What does this passage mainly talk about?‎ A．Competition helps to set up selfrespect.‎ B．Opinions about competition are different among people.‎ C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.‎ D．Failure is a necessary experience in competition.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。从第一段可知，对于竞争的看法因人而异。第一段可视为主题段，以下的段落是围绕该主题展开的阐述，所以本文主要阐述了对竞争的不同观点。‎ ‎2．Why are some people in favor of competition according to the passage?‎ A．It pushes society forward.‎ B．It builds up a sense of duty.‎ C．It improves personal abilities.‎ D．It encourages individual efforts.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。从第一段第二、第三句可知，持乐观看法的人十分看重竞争，认为竞争是社会进步和繁荣的自然产物，任何想脱颖而出的人得跟上(社会进步的)脚步。故可推断，这种人认为竞争可以推动社会进步。‎ ‎3．The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means __________.‎ A．those who try their best to win B．those who value competition most highly C．those who are against competition most strongly D．those who rely on others most for success 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society”可知，这些年轻人遭受了来自他们父母或社会的竞争压力，他们应是“最强烈反对竞争的人”，故选C。上一句中的“strongly blame competition”也是提示。‎ ‎4．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with “a desire to fail” ?‎ A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others.‎ B．One's success in competition needs great efforts.‎ C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills.‎ D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。从最后一段倒数第二、第三句可知，与其他的人相比，应付竞争的人与真正想竞争的人的观念相似，都把自尊依赖于竞争的表现上，故选A。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 主旨大意技法(5)——通过找主题句确定文章大意 主题句是最能概括说明中心思想的句子。我们在阅读中要想抓住文章或段落的中心思想，最简洁而且行之有效的方法就是找到主题句。‎ ‎①主题句在段首。主题句通常位于段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。以主题句开头的段落最容易突出中心思想，对读者来说最容易把握作者的思路，而这就是英语文章中最常见的演绎法，在做论述文、科技文和新闻类题目时最容易见到。如上文的主题句就是文章首句，由此可知上文第1题答案。‎ ‎②主题句在段尾。主题句出现在段尾是作者采用了先摆事实后作结论的手法。一般说来，当一种观点不易解释清楚，或不易被接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现，这种段落称作归纳型段落，这是英语文章中最常见的归纳法。 ‎ ‎③主题句在中间。一般情况下，这种类型的文章的开头会对所讨论问题的背景进行交代，然后用一句概括、总结性的句子对前文进行总结，接着再围绕提出的主题展开深入的讨论。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·福州市联考)If a city wants to hold the Olympics, it must submit a proposal to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated (淘汰), the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined. Typically, the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games.‎ In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, and chiefly among them is which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Beijing, that of the 2008 Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia. Because of the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone. Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.‎ Once the Games have been awarded, it is the duty of the local organizing committee — not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country to provide them with money. This is often done with a part of the Olympic television revenues (收入), and corporate sponsorships, tickets sales,‎ ‎ and other smaller revenue sources. In many cases there is also direct government support. Although many cities have gained amounts of money by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. If the financial gains from the Games are less than expected, the city will be left with large debts.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程。‎ ‎1．________ will be determined to host the Olympic Games by the IOC.‎ A．A city that submits a proposal B．A majority winner in voting C．A city that has perfect time zone D．One that hasn't hosted the Games 解析：选B　细节理解题。第一段主要介绍了产生主办城市的规则，根据第一段第二、第三句“After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city with the fewest votes is eliminated (淘汰), the voting continues, until a majority winner is determined.”可知，在所有提案提交后，国际奥委会投票。如果没有得票最少的城市被淘汰，则投票继续，直到确定主办城市。据此可知，得票数最多的城市由国际奥委会确定为奥运会主办城市，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．If the Games take place in Canada, American television networks ________.‎ A．will not pay for the Canadian television networks B．will be forbidden to broadcast live sporting events C．can't broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours D．are willing to pay much higher amounts for television rights 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Whenever the Games take place in the USA or Canada ... because they can broadcast popular events live in the best viewing hours.”可知，奥运会无论何时在美国或者加拿大举办，美国电视网络都愿意为电视转播权支付特别高的费用，因为他们可以在最佳观看时间直播受欢迎的(体育)赛事，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．According to the last paragraph, which following statement is TRUE？　‎ A．The host city must be left with large debts.‎ B．There is no financial risk in hosting the Olympic Games.‎ C．The city may gain a lot of money.‎ D．It is impossible that the host city couldn't make money.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，主办城市能获得奥运会电视转播、企业赞助等收入，故主办城市可能会获得许多资金，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?‎ A．Winner or loser B．Applying for host for the Olympics C．How to host the Olympic Games D．The Olympic Games 解析：选B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了申办奥运会的流程：先向国际奥委会提交提案，国际奥委会根据规则和实际情况投票选择主办城市，一旦确定主办城市，则该城市应积极准备。故B项最适合作本文的标题。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·福州市高中毕业班质检)The holiday season is supposed to be the most festive and fun time of the year, but all those plans and expectations of joy can turn tougher and more stressful than they sound.This is especially true for those of us who struggle with mental illness.‎ ‎__1__ Sometimes you're forced to spend time with family you rarely see and don't always get along with.Or you are off from work, with more time to think troubling thoughts.Or you are put into party situations that you don't like.‎ When you have a routine, it's easier to manage whatever mental struggles you may face, and when that routine is broken, it can trigger (引发) things you may not be ready to face.__2__ It was during the holidays that I hit a low moment and, with the help of my mother, decided to seek help for my eating disorder.‎ During the holidays, I often feel as if I were supposed to be everywhere with everyone.__3__ To fight this, I've developed a mantra (咒语): it's not selfish to take time for yourself.‎ Take a walk in nature.Talk to a friend you trust.Sit out one of the holiday gatherings in favor of some personal time.__4__‎ Trying to spend all of your time pleasing everyone else is not only exhausting — it's impossible.And you know what？__5__‎ A．I know it has for me.‎ B．The holidays break your routine.‎ C．There are many things crowding in your mind.‎ D．I will accompany my friends to go wherever they like.‎ E．I have the added guilt of knowing it's the season of giving.‎ F．Just do whatever helps you calm down and gives you a break from the stress.‎ G．If you take a little time for yourself, you will be a much better company for those around you.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。假日季节应该是一年中最愉快和有趣的一段时光，但所有快乐的计划和期待可能变得更艰难、更有压力。‎ ‎1．选B　本空位于段首，是该段的主题句，后面的例子讲的都是平时很少做或不愿意做的事情，因此该段的主题句应该是假期打破了常规，所以答案选B项。‎ ‎2．选A　本空位于该段中间，起承上启下的作用，空处前讲的是有无打破常规的影响，空处后讲的是打破常规对“我”的影响，A项中的it照应上文中的it，指代的是that routine，A项中的me照应下文中的I。‎ ‎3．选E　空前一句讲的是“我”经常感到“我”应该和大家去每一个地方，再结合“it's not selfish to take time for yourself”可知“我”没有和大家出去，故空处应表示“我”的愧疚，故E项符合语境，且E项中的giving照应本段最后一句中的not selfish。‎ ‎4．选F　空前内容讲的是怎么放松自己，故F项“只做帮助你平静下来、使你从压力中得到休息的事情”符合语境，所以答案选F项。‎ ‎5．选G　空前内容讲的是把所有时间花在取悦别人上不仅使人筋疲力尽，而且是不可能的，那么该怎么做呢，最后应该是提出建议，故G项“如果能为自己花一些时间，你会更好的陪伴周围的那些人”符合语境。所以答案选G项。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2019·山西省八校联考)The Spring Festival is approaching and many students want to go travelling. But I had made up my mind not to go anywhere. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, as senior three student, I have to work hardly to be admitted to my dream university. What's more, I'd like to do some houseworks so that my parents can have a better rest. Meanwhile, during every holiday, there are so much tourists in almost every scenic spot that it is difficult to admire for the beautiful scenery and enjoy myself. Beside, there is a long holiday waits for me after the College Entrance Examination. And they can travel anywhere I like then.‎ 答案：第二句：had→have 第四句：as后加a; hardly→hard 第五句：houseworks→housework; better→good 第六句：much→many; 去掉for 第七句：Beside→Besides; waits→waiting 第八句：they→I