2020届高考英语阅读理解（四选一）专题分类特训---阅读3（二） 19页

‎1、    A study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important . These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion(万亿)connections in the brain of a three-year-old child. ‎ ‎    Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different sound patterns. Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example, one order was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern"A-B-B". Another order was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern “A-B-C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the" A-B-B"pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive to where it occurred in the order. ‎ ‎    Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar."Position is key to language," she says. "If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference:'John caught the bear.' is very different from 'The bear caught John.'” ‎ ‎    Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books,the Internet, or smartphones-no matter how educational-doesn’t appear to be enough for children’s brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who’d watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies -regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing. 1.What makes connections in a baby’s brain? A.Having a higher IQ. B.Experiencing new information C.The baby’ early age D.The connection with other babies 2.What did Judit Gervain and her team find in the ‎ experiment? A.Babies identify different sound patterns. B.Word order is relevant to meaning. C.Babies can well understand different words. D.A certain brain region processes language. 3.What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3? A.Grammar is important in learning languages. B.Different orders have different meanings. C.Different languages have different grammar. D.Words have different sounds. 4.What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl? A. Babies shouldn’t watch a lot of television. B.Listening to different languages develops babies’ brain C.Foreign languages help babies’ brain develop D.Social communication improves babies’ brain development.‎ ‎2、Have you ever heard of a pawpaw? If not,do not feel bad. Most Americans do not know of the fruit, although it is native to the United States. Once, however, it was one of the most popular fruits in North America. Happily, those who love the pawpaw are trying to return it to its former position in American foods.‎ ‎    The pawpaw is a kind of fruit that grows on trees found all over the eastern United States. It is similar in size to a typical mango. It has a dull green-colored skin, and a soft, almost creamy orange inside. Most people agree that it tastes like a combination of bananas, apricots and mangoes. Most people are very surprised by its sweet taste. The fruit has a very short harvest season, for two to three weeks in September and October.‎ ‎    The pawpaw has never been sold commercially, the fruit requires a very special environment—low, wet areas that are sometimes flooded. In addition, it is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting, which makes it hard to sell anywhere distant from the pawpaw trees.‎ ‎    But farmers are still growing pawpaw trees and harvesting the fruit. In several states the farmers have organized "pawpaw festivals" to reintroduce the fruit to people.‎ ‎    Farmers are trying to grow all kinds of pawpaws that will be easier to ship and sell commercially. Donna and Jim Davis are pawpaw farmers in Westminster, Maryland. They told National Public Radio that they purchased their pawpaw trees in the 1990s and now sell the fruit at farmer markets and online.‎ ‎    So, in the near future, maybe the pawpaw will show up at a market near your house.‎ ‎1.What is the pawpaw's most outstanding nature? A.Its harvest season is autumn. B.It tastes like an apricot. C.It looks like a banana. D.It is rich in sugar. 2.Why is it difficult for the pawpaw to become a big business? A.Because it has small production. B.Because it needs floods to grow well. C.Because it is hard to keep it fresh long. D.Because it requires special living conditions. 3.What do farmers do to deal with the disadvantage of pawpaws? A.Reintroduce pawpaws to people. B.Plant improved pawpaw trees. C.Organize festivals for the pawpaw. D.Sell the fruit at farmer markets. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.A forgotten American fruit has become popular again B.The pawpaw plays an important part in America C.Most people hardly eat fresh pawpaws D.A traditional fruit comes on a new look ‎3、Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.‎ An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.‎ However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.‎ In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents - today’s grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.‎ Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.‎ Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.‎ ‎1. The surveys inform us of ______.‎ A. the development of technology B. the changes of adult children’s behavior C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children D. the means and expenses of students’ communication ‎2. The writer believes that ______.‎ A. parents today are more protective than those in the past B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages C. technology explains greater parental involvement with their children D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed Independence ‎3. What attitude does the writer hold towards greater parental involvement according to the last ‎ paragraph?‎ A. negative B. supportive C. understandable D. sceptical ‎4. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Technology or Attitude B. Dependence or Independence C. Family Influence or Social Changes D. College Management or Communication Advancement ‎5. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?‎ ‎4、    As more and more schools rush to put digital devices in the hand of every student, many parents are becoming increasingly concerned about the quality of their children's education. The promise to increase academic achievements through the use of technology hasn’t really produced any significant results in the past 20 years.‎ ‎    Researchers at the University of California conducted a study in 2014 to determine if the social skills of elementary students were blocked by screen time. Two groups of sixth-grade students were compared. One group was sent to an outdoor camp for one week with no screen time, while the other group lived a normal life. After one week, the students at the outdoor camp had made more significant improvements than their peers(同龄人) good news is that when we limit children's screen time and give them the opportunity to interact face to face, they quickly become better at reading non-verbal cues(非语言线索) and determining the emotional state of others. The bad news is of children that struggle with this basic emotional intelligence skill.‎ ‎    Too much screen time has been linked to childhood obesity, sleep disorders, behavior problems, and academic challenges. But is there a difference between schoolwork and entertainment programs?‎ ‎    When students are using technology for academic: work, they are more likely to be communicating with peers, working cooperatively, and developing other important skills. However, all these are impossible when students watch entertainment programs. They just sit and watch!‎ ‎    Parents have the right to be concerned about their children's screen lime al school, but they should begin by discussing the use of digital media with their children at home. Some parents are continuously engaged in their own devices, responding to every ring of their phones, receiving and sending messages. How can they expect their children to do better?‎ ‎1.What was the schools' initial intention of using digital devices? A.To improve academic achievements. B.To help students develop socially. C.To make school life more entertaining and ‎ colorful. D.To make sure students get technical education. 2.What aspect of children worries the writer a lot? A.Lacking guidance on proper screen time. B.Lacking chances to communicate with others. C.Lacking interest in improving their study. D.Lacking skills in reading others' emotional state. 3.What attitude does the writer have to the use of digital devices in schoolwork? A.Positive. B.Concerned. C.Negative. D.Uncertain. 4.From the passage, we can learn that _________. A.parents shouldn't oppose schools in their educational approaches B.some parents may set a bad example to their children in using digital devices C.the screen time shouldn't be longer than 2 hours for students D.it's wrong for schools to focus on technical education ‎5、It happens every spring. Flowers suddenly burst out everywhere on the same day. But how exactly do plants “know” when to flower?‎ It is a question that has puzzled biologists for years. But according to Science Daily, a US research group may have finally answered it---the secret lies in a protein called FKF1 which allows plants to sense the differences in day lengths so that they can tell the seasons are changing. They found that the protein can be activated (激活) by sunlight.‎ Plants produce this protein every day in the late afternoon throughout the year. If there is no light at this time, for example, in winter when the sun goes down early, the protein won’t be activated. But when spring comes and the days get longer, the protein can be activated by day-light and the plants “know” it is time to flower. ‎ Although researchers have only studied how the FKF1 protein works in some ‎ experimental plants, they believe it is similar in many other plants, including crops like rice and wheat. This could be useful to the agricultural industry.‎ ‎“If we can control the timing of flowering, we might be able to increase crop production by speeding or delaying this,’ said Takato Imaizumi, assistant professor at the University of Washington and leader of the study. “Also, if we could control the timing of flowering in horticultural (园艺的) plants, they may be worth more commercially (商业上)”‎ ‎ New technology based on this research might also lead to higher production of biofuel (生物燃料) plants. This would be helpful for providing energy.‎ ‎1. How do plants know when to flower?‎ A. They receive messages from other plants.‎ B. A certain protein tells them the time to flower.‎ C. They are genetically (基因遗传上) timed to flower.‎ D. Sunlight produces a certain protein in them to help them flower.‎ ‎2. What can we learn from the article?‎ A. We are getting closer to controlling plant flowering times. ‎ B. Plants are more sensitive to cold weather and shorter days.‎ C. When there is no sunlight, the FKF1 protein won’t be produced.‎ D. Researchers have studied how the FKF1 works in rice and wheat.‎ ‎3. The study mentioned in the article may help us understand how to ____.‎ A. increase the number of species of horticultural plants ‎ B. increase production in the agricultural industry C. have plants that flower all year round ‎ D. produce more chemical energy ‎6、    Sometimes picking the right music or lighting for a dinner date can be very hard, but research suggests you should focus on the color of your napkins(餐巾) ,too.‎ ‎    A new report examining the relationship between colored napkins and the flavor of food finds the color is a powerful contributor. The report reveals which colors ‎ pair best with which dishes to help give your dinners an extra hit of flavor. Tork, a napkin brand, partnered Linda Lundgren, the Swedish food stylist and chef, who pairs dishes with a range of colored napkins.‎ ‎    She told the trade magazine, "How do you make a strawberry mousse sweeter? The answer isn't more strawberries or sugar. Instead, try serving the dish with a coral pink napkin. The color actually increases the perception of sweetness and decreases bitterness, making it perfect as dessert."‎ ‎    "The experiments found that aqua blue napkins enhance the flavor of eggs and Indian food. This is because aqua blue brings out orange and yellow and makes the dishes seem less salty," Ms Lundgren said. "Coral pink helps to decrease the bitterness of dishes like grapefruit and makes meals taste sweeter, while pink or rose red works best with desserts. Mustard yellow helps to improve the flavor of green dishes such as sprouts and salads, as well as the flavor of fish and seafood. Anthracite grey helps to contrast the tones of lighter colored table settings and meals, which means grey napkins give the Mediterranean food a richer taste."‎ ‎1.What napkins would you choose if your guest is from India? A.Yellow napkins. B.Aqua blue napkins. C.Pink napkins. D.Grey napkins. 2.Which one isn't the colored napkins' function according to this passage? A.To make you not hungry. B.To increase the flavor of eggs. C.To decrease the perception of bitterness. D.To increase the perception of sweetness. 3.What is mainly discussed in this passage? A.How to make napkins colorful. B.The importance of colors. C.The relationship between colored napkins and the flavor of food. D.Colored napkins can increase the ‎ sweetness. 4.Where can you read this text? A.In an international newspaper. B.In a restaurant's regulation. C.ln a science magazine. D.In a travel guidebook.‎ ‎7、Have you ever caught yourself saying, "I hate small talk!" the minute you walk into a party? If so, you might be an introvert (内向的人). Introverts hate to chat about "small" subjects with people. They are fine when you talk one on one but seem to get lost in the crowd when there's a group around.‎ If you're talking to an introvert, you might find that your first few conversations go one of two ways. Either they'll seem to get bored and not say much or they'll seem to skate over small talk in favor of more in-depth topics. What you need to know is that the introvert is not being rude. It’s just that they don't like small talk. Here's why.‎ Small talk serves as a gateway toward deeper conversation. Some introverts don’t realize that small talk will actually help them get to the bigger topics. You don't need to stay on small talk forever. However, sometimes introverts feel that even the short amount of time it takes to get into the real conversation is a waste of time. Small talk is very fast. Someone says something and this should be followed up with a quick response. But introverts like to chew on their words before saying them aloud. Before they answer, they’ll mull over different thoughts.‎ Small talk by its very nature invites more people to join in. The more people who join the conversation, the more the introvert will tend to step back. As a result, they’ll be quiet. Small talk is about throwing out subjects in the hope that one or more of them can be turned into a common point of interest.‎ The listening involved with small talk is not in-depth. The purpose is about listening "lightly" so you can figure out the right topics to spend some time on. Introverts tend to be great listeners, but they use active listening rather than light listening. This makes them wonderful friends, but can also make it difficult ‎ for new people to understand why they’re so quiet.‎ ‎1. How do introverts respond to a chat? ‎ A. They try to avoid it.B. They get excited about it.‎ C. They give it their full attention. D. They focus on unimportant topics.‎ ‎2. What do we know about small talk?‎ A. It goes slowly. B. It costs people a lot of time.‎ C. It contributes to deeper topics. D. It makes no sense.‎ ‎3. What does the underlined phrase "mull over" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Give up. B. Think over. C. Write down. D. Forget about.‎ ‎4. How can we become a good talker in small conversations?‎ A. Figure out the deep meaning of questions. B. Think twice before answering questions.‎ C. Try to find shared topics. D. Be a quiet listener.‎ ‎8、Most dog owners are convinced that their four-legged friends know exactly what they mean when they use certain words like sit，stay or treat．However，researchers have always wondered whether dogs really understand human speech or if they rely on other information to get the meaning．For example，does the word“fetch”form a picture of a stick or ball in the dog’s mind，or does the dog bring back the object based on the owner’s voice or gesture? A new study by scientists at Atlanta’s Emory University seems to indicate that“man’s best friend”does indeed know what the owner is saying．‎ The researchers began by asking the owners of twelve dogs of various kinds to train their pets to identify two toys of different materials，such as a toy animal and a ball．Once the dogs had mastered the task，they took turns inside a special scanner．The owners then tested their dog’s language skill by first calling out the names of the toys they had been trained to recognize and then saying meaningless words such as“bobbu”and“bodmick”while holding up random objects the dogs hadn’t seen before．‎ The scans suggested that the parts of the dogs’ brains responsible for processing ‎ of sounds showed different brain patterns when they heard words they were familiar with，compared with the ones they had never heard before．While that was not enough to prove that the dogs were picturing their toys when they heard the word，it did indicate some sort of recognition．The researchers believe this is an important step forward in understanding how dogs process language．‎ Even more interesting was that the dog’s brains showed a higher level of neural(神经)activity at the sound of unknown words．This is the exact opposite of what happens in human brains，which get more active at the sound of familiar words．The researchers say the dogs may become cheerful at the sound of new words to try to understand them in the hope of delighting their masters．“Dogs want to please their owners，and perhaps also receive praise or food，”says Empty neuroscientist Gregory Burns，senior author of the study．‎ However，though your pet may understand human speech，the scientists recommend using visual signals and smell for training．“When people want to teach their dog a trick，they often use spoken command because that’s what humans prefer，”Prichard says．“From the dog’s view，however，a visual command might be more effective，helping the dog learn the trick faster．”‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of the new study?‎ A．To convince dog owners to understand their dogs．‎ B．To advise dog owners to treat their dogs kindly．‎ C．To prove dogs follow owners’order by listening．‎ D．To test out how dogs get information from owners．‎ ‎2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?‎ A．Inform the result of the research． B．State the process of the research．‎ C．Stress the importance of the research．D．Introduce the subjects of the research．‎ ‎3．How do human brains and dog brains react to words ?‎ A．Human brains become active at unfamiliar words．‎ B．Dog brains become delighted at unfamiliar words．‎ C．Human brains are not sensitive to familiar words．‎ D．Dog brains show no response to familiar words．‎ ‎4．What do scientists advise the owners to do in dog training?‎ A．Give dogs oral command． B．Teach dog new tricks．‎ C．Involve sight and smell． D．Encourage faster learning．‎ ‎9、While visiting the North pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket list，the ever-changing ICEHOTEL，which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year，may change your mind．200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjārvi，the hotel，which is carved entirely from ice，is rebuilt annually． ‎ The 35 rooms，built to accommodate visitors on all kinds of budgets，vary from expensive suites to basic rooms that are furnished with just an icy bed and a reindeer skin．Among the highlights this year is the“Spruce Woods”suite．Sculpted by Christopher Pascoe and Jennie O’Keefe of Canada，it describes a camping scene complete with a classic microbus，a forest，and even an artificial campfire．‎ There is also the artfully-carved“Living Ocean”suite to remind visitors of the importance of saving our oceans．The room is full of carved sea life that includes coral and a shark“swimming”right over the ice bed．“The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans．”says artist Jonathan Paul Green．“I also think the idea of using frozen water from a river in northern Sweden to create an ocean with shells，fish，and corals is exciting．”‎ The nearby“Haven”suite is a“magical gate of ice”guarded by two large animals．“We are inspired by the meeting between people and want to create an experience that invites curiosity and creativity，”says artist Jonas Johansson．“It feels like a dream to get to work with ice that allows our love for light，shine，and reflection to wander freely from thought to creation．”‎ Regardless of whether visitors select the carved suites or the basic ice rooms，the temperature is always set to a bone-chilling －5℃!That is why guests are advised to snuggle(蜷缩)up inside sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night．Not surprisingly，most end up spending just a single night at this unique ‎ hotel before moving on to the conventional and warmer hotels nearby．‎ ‎1．What does the underlined phrase“bucket list”mean in the text?‎ A．A shopping list of buckets． B．A list of travelling destinations．‎ C．A list of expensive hotels． D．A list of exciting ideas．‎ ‎2．What can we know about the ice hotel?‎ A．It is rebuilt every year． B．Its rooms are expensive．‎ C．It organizes camping activities． D．It lies in a coastal city．‎ ‎3．Where does the inspiration of“Living Ocean”suite come from?‎ A．Art and literature． B．Ocean life and voyage．‎ C．Climate changes and human influence． D．The meeting of people．‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A．An Adventure to the North Pole B．An Experience Close to Nature C．A Taste of Cold：A Night in a Village D．A Winter Destination：Sweden’s Ice Hotel ‎ ‎10、    Where food abounds, so does life. That may be one reason why algae has played such a key role in natural history. The algae may be responsible for a dramatic ecological boom that finally led to human life.‎ ‎    Few appreciate algae quite like zooplankton that eats it daily in oceans and lakes. In turn, zooplankton becomes food for bigger animals, which in turn nourish even bigger animals.‎ ‎    Irakli Loladze, an American scientist, did an experiment. He speeded up the growth of algae by shining light on it. But Loladze's experiment hit a wall. After a brief growth, the zooplankton started dying off despite being surrounded by a surplus of food.‎ ‎    It seemed in all of algae's haste to grow up, it had left something important一its actual nutrients— behind. Loladze compared the new algae to junk food. If plants lose their nutritional value when they grow too fast, what does that mean to animals and humans, who eat them?‎ ‎    There's little doubt that Earth's plants are undergoing extraordinary growth. Even NASA has noted the planet's increased green vegetation over the last 35 years, as plants get increasing levels of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. We're heading for a world where there's food everywhere, yet not a thing to eat.‎ ‎    Vegetables have already been declining over the last half a century or so as nutrient-rich plants grow steadily nutrient-poor. Much of that has been blamed on soil depletion—intensive farming techniques have laid waste to nutrients in the soil. Finally, that dead soil produces increasingly hollow plants and vegetables.‎ ‎    But what if the plant growth on the planet is a lot like the algae experiment? Empty greens may be working their way all the way up the loftiest heights of the food chain. From there, nutritionally crippled humans might one day hear the sad complaint of the zooplankton on the very lowest rung. It might sound a lot like, "I told you so."‎ ‎1.Why did the zooplankton in the Loladze's experiment start to die off? A.The zooplankton was eaten up by bigger animals. B.The zooplankton couldn't find enough algae to eat. C.The zooplankton couldn't get nutrition from algae. D.The zooplankton couldn't survive the warm water. 2.According to the text, the plants on Earth _________. A.become greener than they used to be B.give out more carbon dioxide C.reduce their diversity gradually D.grow faster because of the increasing levels of carbon dioxide 3.What is implied in the last two paragraphs? A.Humans are the victims of nutrient-poor vegetables. B.Intensive farming techniques lead to rich soil. C.Nutrient-poor vegetables break the food chain. D.Humans may be crippled for lack of nutrition. 4.What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Your vegetables will become greener in the ‎ future. B.The increasing levels of carbon dioxide can turn our vegetables into empty calories. C.Your food on the table may he related to oxygen. D.Climate change has an effect on you.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Babies receive information... makes connections between different parts of the brain”可知,婴儿所接收的信息使他们大脑不同区域之间建立联系。故选B项。 2.考查细节理解。第二段讲述了Judit Gervain专门做了一个实验来检测新生儿对不同声音模式的识别能力。根据第二段中的“This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patlems"可知选A项。 3.考查句意理解。本句后面句子“If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: ‘John caught the bear.’ is very different from 'The bear caught John. ”’中举例说"约翰捉住了熊”和”熊捉住了约翰",这两个句子单词一样,但单词顺序不一样,句子意思就不一样了,由此可知本题选B。 4.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The hahies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies 一 regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened tothe audio — learned nothing”可知,科学家 Patricia Kuhl 领导的团队发现,人与人之间面对面的交流有利于婴儿学到语言,但无论是看录像还是听音频对婴儿学语言都没有帮助。由此可推知社会交往有助于婴儿大脑的发育,故选D项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.B; 4.A 解析： 1.推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句Most people are very surprised by its sweet ‎ taste.可知,大部分人对它的甜味感到惊讶,由此可推断出含糖量高是其突出特点。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句中的it is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting 可知,原因是这种水果保鲜期太短。 3.推理判断题。根据第五段第一句Farmers are trying to grow all kinds of pawpaws that will be easier to ship and sell commercially. 可知,现在农民们正在努力种植更易于运输和商业化买卖的木瓜,也就是通过改良品种来解决木瓜存在的问题。 4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知,木瓜曾经是北美洲最流行的水果之一,而现在木瓜种植者正在恢复其原来的地位。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D; 5.D 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B 解析： 1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的The promise to increase academic achievements through the use of technology可知,学校使用电子设备的最初目的是提高学生的学业成绩。选项A正确。 2.细节理解题。根据文中第二段末句The bad news is that we have a generation of children that struggle with this basic emotional intelligence skill.可知选项D正确。 3.推理判断题。根据文中第四段中的When students are using technology for academic work, they are more likely to be communicating with peers, working cooperatively, and developing other important skills.可知,作者对学生在学校作业中使用电子设备的态度是积极的。选项A正确。 4.推理判断题。 从文中最后一段中的Some parents are continuously engaged in their own devices, responding to every ring of their phones, receiving and sending messages. How can they expect their children to do better?可知,一些家长没有给孩子做出表率。选项B正确。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.B 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.C 解析： 1.细节理解题。由第四段中的...aqua blue napkins enhance the flavor of eggs and Indian food.可知,B选项正确。 2.细节理解题。由第四段中的The experiments found that aqua blue napkins enhance the flavor of eggs and Indian food.可排除选项B;由第三段中的... increases the perception of sweetness and decreases bittemess...可排除选项C和D。故选A。 3.推理判断题。通读全义可知,本文主要讲了餐巾的颜色与食物的味道之间的关系,由此可知选C。 4.推理判断题。通读全文可知,这是一篇科普文章。所以应该在科学杂志上看到,故C选项正确。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.B; 4.C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10、答案及解析：‎ 答案：‎ 解析：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B 1.细节理解题。结合第四段的It seemed in all of algae’s haste to grow up, it had left something important—its actual nutrients—behind.可知,浮游动物死亡的原因是藻类体内没有营养了。干扰项分析,A项浮游动物被大的动物吃光,B项浮游动物不能找到足够的藻类吃,D项浮游动物不能在温水中幸存下来,这些与原文提到的信息不一致。 2.细节理解题。根据第五段的There’s little doubt that Earth’s plants...carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.可知,现在地球上由于大量二氧化碳的存在,造成了植物生长迅速,在过去的35年里,地球上的绿色植被大量增加。干扰项分析,A项比过去更绿了,B项释放更多的二氧化碳,C项渐渐地减少了它们的多样性,这些与文中的信息不一致。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中Empty greens may be working their way...“I told you so.” 由于蔬菜没有营养了,然后这个情况传递到食物链中,人类吃的食物也没有营养,人类成为最终的受害者。干扰项分析,B项密集的农耕技术导致肥沃的土壤,C项营养贫乏的蔬菜破坏了食物链,D项人类因为缺乏营养可能会腿瘸,这些信息与原文的信息不符。 4.主旨大意题。第五段主要讲的是二氧化碳的增加使得一些植物生长过快,从而导致植物的营养物质大量缺乏,因此选B。‎ ‎ ‎