高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit5Thepowerofnature教师用书新人教版选修6 10页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 5 The power of nature Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1．alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边 prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边 2．potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj. 可能的；潜在的 3．guarantee vt. 保证；担保 4．wave n. 波浪；波涛 vi. 波动；起伏；挥手 5．panic vi.& vt. 惊慌 n. 惊慌；恐慌 6．shoot vt. 射中；射伤 7．actual adj. 实在的；实际的 →actually adv. 实际上；的确 8．evaluate vt. 评估；评价；估计 →evaluation n. 评估 9．equip vt. 装备；配备 →equipment n. 设备；装备 10．appoint vt. 任命；委派 →appointment n. 约定；任命 11．appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 →appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；感谢 12．suit n. 一套外衣；套装 vt. 适合；使适宜 →suitable adj. 合适的 13．absolute adj. 绝对的；完全的 →absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 14．anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的 →anxiously adv. 不安地 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 →anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 15．unconscious adj. 失去知觉的；未察觉的 →conscious adj. (反义词)有知觉的，有意识的 →consciously adv. 有意识地 Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记 16．volcano n． 火山 17．diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的 18．precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的 19．tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖 20．fountain n. 喷泉；源泉 21．candidate n. 候选人；候补者 22．sweat n. 汗 vi. 出汗 高频短语——会默写 1．be suitable for 适合…… 2．be appointed as 被任命为…… 3．be anxious about 因……而焦虑 4．vary from...to... 由……到……不等 5．make one's way 前往 6．burn to the ground 全部焚毁 7．be home to ……的发源地 8．glance through 匆匆看一遍 9．have a gift for 有……天赋 10．give birth to 产生；生产 教材原句——会背诵 句式仿写——能应用 1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(be about to do...when...正 要……这时……) 1.我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔 来了。 I was about to go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came. 2.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later 2.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。 He was listening attentively in class， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(this being my first experience 独立主格结构) his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 3.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.(It is said that...据 说……，是一个固定句式) 3.据报道他由于在新浪微博上传播谣言已被 逮捕。 It is reported that he had been arrested for spreading rumors on Sina Weibo. 4.Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(现在分 词完成时作状语) 4.核实所有的门都锁好之后，史密斯先生就 去伦敦度假了。 Having checked all the doors were locked， Mr. Smith left for London on holiday. 精讲 5 个考纲单词 appoint vt.约定；指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委派 [高考佳句] I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.(天津写作) 我被指定负责安排那一天的所有活动。 (1)appoint sb.(as/to be)．.. 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (2)appointment n. 任命；约会 make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会/预约 have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会/预约 keep/break an appointment 守/违约 ①Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. 萨姆已经被任命为工程部经理来代替乔治的位置。 ②My patient didn't turn up at the appointed time; that is，she broke an appointment．(appoint) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 我的病人没有在约定的时间到，也就是说，她违约了。 suit n．一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜 [高考佳句] There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.(2016 年全国乙卷·阅读理解) 她培育了各种不同的苹果来适应当地特定的条件。 (1)suit sb. 适合某人 suit one's needs 适合某人的需要 (2)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 ①To students，you'd better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.(四川高考·书面表达)对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。 ②The girl standing over there is quite suitable(suit)for the job. 站在那边的姑娘很适合这个工作。 anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的 [高考佳句] Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.(2016 年北京高考·阅读理解)由于总是焦虑不安，我一向无法保持注 意力集中超过一个小时。 (1)be anxious for/about 为……担心/担忧 be anxious(for sb.)to do sth. 急于(让某人)做某事 (2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 with anxiety 焦虑地 (3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地 ①I was anxious about/for his safety when I heard the news of the train accident. 当我听到火车发生事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全。 ②Anxiously(anxious)，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on， only to find it didn't fit.(2014 年天津高考·单项填空) 她迫不及待地从包裹里拿出裙子，试穿了一下，结果发现它不合身。 【导学号：30892150】 [链接写作] 完成句子 别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。 I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 guarantee vt.保证；担保 n.保证；保证书 [经典例句] Even if you complete your training，I can't guarantee you a job.(朗 文辞典) 即使你接受完培训，我也不能担保你会有工作。 (1)guarantee to do sth./that... 保证/担保做某事；确保…… guarantee sb.sth. 保证某人某事 (2)give sb.a guarantee(that)．.. 向某人保证…… under guarantee 在保修期内 ① We should pay attention to small details ， which can guarantee us to succeed(succeed)in the end.(2014 年湖北高考·书面表达) 我们应该注意小细节，这保证我们最终能成功。 ②Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time? 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？ [链接写作] 一句多译 我们保证在一周内将货物送到。 ①We guarantee to deliver the goods within one week.(guarantee v．) ②We guarantee(that) we will deliver the goods within one week.(guarantee that) ③ We give you a guarantee that we will deliver the goods within one week.(guarantee n．) panic vi.& vt. (使人或动物)受惊；惊慌 (panicked，panicked) n．惊慌；恐 慌 [经典例句] Careful planning at this stage will help to avoid a lastminute panic.(牛津词典) 现在精心规划，就会避免事到临头手忙脚乱。 (1)panic sb.into doing sth. 使某人因惊慌而做某事 panic over/about/at... 对……感到惊慌 (2)get into a panic 惊慌失措(表动作) in panic 惊慌失措(表状态) ①She really got into a panic when she thought she'd lost her necklace. 想到自己把项链丢了，她惊慌失措。 ② The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving(leave)the country. 抗议变得更暴力，许多人惊慌地离开了这个国家。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 ③All the people fled in panic as the earth shook. 当大地摇晃时，所有的人都惊慌逃跑。 诠释 2 个核心短语 make one's way 前往；成功 [经典例句] So long as you work hard，you can make your way in life.只要你努 力工作，你的人生就会成功。 fight one's way 奋力前进 lose one's way 迷路 feel one's way 摸索前进 push one's way 挤出来 wind one's way 蜿蜒前进 ①She fought her way back to health so quickly after the accident that she was soon back at school. 车祸之后，她很快恢复健康回学校上课。 ②The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon. 长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 [经典例句] However，views on this issue vary from person to person. 然而，不同的人对这个问题持不同的观点。 (1)vary in sth. (大小、形状等)不同，有别 vary with... 随……变化，改变 vary between...and... 从……到……转变 (2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的 (3)variety n. 种种；多样化 a variety of 种种…… ①As in China，the climate in Canada varies (vary)，depending on the area. 正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。 ②Some guests arrived late at the party for a variety of/various reasons.(vary) 因为各种理由，有些客人晚会迟到了。 突破 2 个高考句型 (教材 P35)The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在 山顶上观察他们。 this being my first experience 为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。 独立主格结构主要的构成方式如下： (1)独立分词结构：名称或代词主格＋分词 (2)名称或代词主格＋不定式 (3)名称或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语) ①Music over，all the audience stood up with loud applause. 音乐一结束，所有的观众都站了起来并报以热烈的掌声。 ②He walked into the classroom, his head lowered(lower)． 他低着头，走进了教室。 ③The guide leading (lead)the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 向导领着路，我们毫不费力地走出了森林。 (教材 P39)It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. 据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。 It is said that...据说……，句中的 it 是形式主语，它所代表的是后面 that 引导的 主语从句，相当于 People say that... (1) It is said that... Sb.is said to do sth. 据说…… 不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。 (2)It is thought that... 人们认为…… It is believed that... 人们相信…… It is hoped that... 人们希望…… It is reported that... 据报道…… ①It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month. ＝The new mayor is said to come(come) into power next month. 据说新市长下个月将上任。 【导学号：30892151】 ②It is hoped (hope) that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。 [多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型———————————— 基础考点全面练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 1. To show our (appreciate)for all your hard work, we'd like to give you a bonus. 2． (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again. 3. All the task (finish) ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week. 4．Though on the same family，the bird varies size and color. 5．She made (she) way to the kitchen, hoping to find someone preparing dinner. 6．She waved goodbye her friends before boarding the plane. 【答案】 1.appreciation 2.Having eaten 3.finished 4.in 5.her 6.to Ⅱ.单句改错 1．I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was drying myself with a towel while I heard the steps. 2．Not completed the project, they had to stay there for another two weeks. 3．Even though he is a little boy, he has a gift for play musical instruments. 4．With all the houses burn to the ground, they had no place to live in. 5．The mother was standing at the gate, anxiously to see her son. 【 答 案 】 1.while→when 2.completed→completing 3.play→playing 4.burn→burnt 5.anxiously→anxious 重难考点多维练 1．appoint 全接触 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2013·北京高考·单项填空)I have an (appoint)with Dr.Smith， but I need to change it. ②A committee to consider the plans. ③I have made an appointment Mike. (2)翻译句子 ④我被指定来负责(take charge of)安排(arrange)那一天的所有活动。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 【答案】 ①appointment ②was appointed ③with ④I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day. 2．It is said that...相关句式 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2014·江西高考·单项填空)He is thought (act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. ②Carbon dioxide is said (heat) the earth twice as quickly as previously feared. (2)句型转换 ③ It is said that a new shopping mall was built in the city the other day. →A new shopping mall in the city the other day. ④John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school. → John is one of the best teachers in the school. 【答案】 ①to have acted ②to be heating ③is said to have been built ④It is said that Ⅰ.课文语法填空 根据 P34－35 教材课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形 式。 I 1. (appoint) as a volcanologist twenty years ago.The job is exciting but 2. (occasional) dangerous. I don't mind the danger because I help protect ordinary people from the volcanoes.What I do is to collect database about Mount Kilauea, 3. active volcano in Hawaii.Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. When 4. (boil) rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes 5. (little) damage than you might imagine.The reason is 6. no one lives near the top of the mount, where the rocks fall.However, the lava can bury everything in 7. (it) path under the molten rock. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 Once I was lucky enough 8. (have) a much closer look at the volcano the day after its 9. (erupt) with two other scientists.We had to wear protective suits that covered our whole body. We made our way 10. the edge of the crater and collected some lava for later study.That was my first experience. 【答案】 1.was appointed 2.occasionally 3.an 4.boiling 5.less 6.that 7.its 8.to have 9.eruption 10.to Ⅱ.高考话题微写作 根据提示，运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。 1．与自然灾害如台风、飓风、洪水、地震和火山喷发等相比，人类很弱小。 (compare...with；natural disasters) 2．当火山喷发时，炽热的岩浆像喷泉一样可喷到数百米的高空中。(erupt；fountain) 3．岩浆流经之处，一切都被掩埋在熔岩下面。人们惊慌失措，为自己的安全担忧。(bury； in panic；anxious about) 4．消防队员赶到起火的地方。虽然他们尽一切努力灭火，但是许多房子都被烧毁了。 (make one's way to；make every effort to；burn to the ground) 【参考范文】 Compared with natural disasters, such as typhoons, hurricanes, floods, earthquakes and volcano eruptions, humans are weak.When a volcano erupts, hot lava is sent up hundreds of meters into the air like a fountain.Wherever the lava flows, everything is buried under the molten rock.People are in panic and anxious about their safety.The firemen make their way to the places on fire.Though they make every effort to put out the fire, many houses are burnt to the ground.