2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习必修5学案：Module6AnimalsinDanger 19页

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．habitat n．　　　　　　　 栖息地 ‎2．wildlife n. 野生生物 ‎3．battle n. 战斗 ‎4．ideal adj. 理想的 ‎5．skin vt.[纵联1] 剥皮；去皮 ‎6．dealer n. (尤指买卖贵重商品的)商人 ‎7．insect n. 昆虫 ‎8．whale n. 鲸 ‎9．brink n. 边缘 ‎10．branch n. 分支机构；办事处 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．struggle n. 挣扎；斗争 ‎2．spot n. (某事发生的)准确地点；现场 ‎3．condition n．[纵联2] (s)环境；情况 ‎4．meanwhile adv. 同时 ‎5．live adj. 活的 ‎6．lay vt. 产卵；下蛋 ‎7．wonder n. 奇迹 ‎8．focus n. 焦点；集中点 ‎9．waste vt. 浪费 ‎10．monitor vt. 监测 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．endanger vt.使……处于险境；危及→endangered adj.濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的 ‎2．reserve n．保护区；保护圈 v．保留；预定→reservation n．保留；预定[纵联3]‎ ‎3．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n．灭绝；绝种 ‎4．protect vt.保护→protection n．保护 ‎5．worth adj.值……钱→worthy adj.值得的→worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的 ‎6．aim n．目标；目的→aimless adj.没有目标的 ‎7．involve vt.涉及；包括→involved adj.有关的 ‎8．initial n．首字母 adj.最初的→initially adv.最初 ‎9．continent n．大陆；洲→continental adj.大陆的；大洲的 ‎10．energy n．能源；能量；精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的[纵联4]‎ 纵联1.由skin想到的转化动词 ‎①head朝……而去　　　　 ②hand交出；传递 ‎③face面对 ④shoulder肩负；承担 ‎⑤finger抚摸 ⑥host主办 ‎⑦nurse护理 ⑧picture描绘 纵联2.“状况，情况”都会出现 ‎①condition n．环境；情况 ②state n．状态；状况 ‎③situation n．情形；处境 ④circumstance n．状况；情况 ‎⑤status n．状况；地位 纵联3.reserve形近词一览 ‎①preserve vt.保存 ②observe vt.观察 ‎③conserve vt.保存 ④deserve v．应受 纵联4.“齐力”并举 ‎①energy n．精力 ②ability n．能力 ‎③power n．权力 ④insight n．洞察力 ‎⑤force n．武力 ⑥strength n．力量 ‎⑦intelligence n．智力 ⑧violence n．暴力 ‎⑨appreciation n．欣赏力 ⑩effort n．努力 单元话题——动物保护 子话题1　动物名称 ‎　①creature n．生物，动物 ②species n．物种 ‎③beast n．野兽，牲畜 ④dinosaur n．恐龙 ‎⑤panda n．大熊猫 ⑥zebra n．斑马 ‎⑦giraffe n．长颈鹿 ⑧squirrel n．松鼠 ‎⑨kangaroo n．袋鼠 ⑩elephant n．大象 ‎⑪chimp n．(非洲)黑猩猩 ⑫butterfly n．蝴蝶 子话题2　动物肢体部位 ‎　①feather n．羽毛 ②fur n．毛皮；裘皮 ‎③claw n．爪 ④wing n．翅膀 ‎⑤tail n．尾巴 ⑥shell n．壳 子话题3　生态保护 ‎　①ecology n．生态，生态学 ②evolution n．进化，演变 ‎③primitive adj.原始的，远古的 ④global warming全球变暖 ‎⑤raise the awareness of 提高……的意识 ‎⑥biological diversity 生物多样性 ‎⑦keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2012·湖北高考阅读E) The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the 　❶　 (condition) that promote flexible, openminded thinking.Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we're unfocused.If you are one of those 　❷　 (energy) morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed.Sleepy people's lack of focus❸ leads to an increase in creative problem solving.‎ ‎①用condition的正确形式填空：conditions ‎②用energy的正确形式填空：energetic ‎③写出focus在句中的含义：专注 ‎2．(2012·天津高考阅读A)As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths.Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine.The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, unless otherwise posted.Always give the right of way to walkers.If you are 　❶　 (involve) in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene❷ until the officer lets you go.‎ ‎①用involve的正确形式填空：involved ‎②写出scene在本单元中的同义词：spot，句中的at the scene可替换为on_the_spot，意为“当场；在现场”‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2014·重庆高考写作)我非常同意你的观点。如果你想送礼物给所爱的人，为之付出时间和精力是值得的。(worthwhile, energy)‎ I_quite_agree_with_you.It_is_worthwhile_to_spend_time_and_energy_on_the_gift_if_you_want_to_send_it_to_someone_you_love.‎ ‎2．(2013·重庆高考写作)我衷心希望WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)能够在保护濒危物种方面扮演重要的角色。(protect, endanger)‎ I_sincerely_hope_that_WWF_can_play_an_important_role_in_protecting_this_endangered_species.‎ ‎3．(2011·浙江高考书面表达)我想知道学校是否可以在周围放置更多的垃圾箱，并制定具体的规则来抵制这种行为。同时，应该鼓励同学们养成良好的习惯，更好地约束自己的行为。(wonder, meanwhile)‎ I_wonder_if_the_school_could_place_more_dustbins_around_and_set_up_specific_rules_against_such_behaviour.Meanwhile,_students_should_be_encouraged_to_develop_good_habits_and_better_behave_themselves. ‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．reserve n．保护区；保护圈；预备品，贮存；候补队员 vt.储备，保存；保留；预约，预订 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中reserve的词性和含义 ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear！v.预订 ‎②(2017·江苏高考) Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel's ice reserves will not last forever.n.贮存 ‎③If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.v.保留 ‎ ‎④A nature reserve is a piece of land where creatures are kept safe.n.保护区 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)without reserve　　　　 毫无保留地；直言不讳 in reserve 贮存；备用 reserve sth.for sb. 为某人保留某物 ‎(2)reservation n. 保留；预订(房间、座位等)‎ make a reservation 预订(座位、房间等)‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎⑤When talking to a friend, we should be frank and without reserve.‎ ‎⑥It is advisable to keep some food in reserve in case of emergency.‎ ‎⑦We had made our reservation (reserve) six months earlier, but the girl at the front ‎ desk said there had been a mistake.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑧首先，我认为有效的方式就是以一种科学的方式为未来储备水源。‎ Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve_water_in_a_scientific_way for future use.‎ ‎2．struggle n．& v．挣扎；斗争；奋斗 ‎[记牢]‎ struggle against　　　　 与……斗争；为反对……而斗争 struggle for 为……而奋斗 struggle with 与……斗争；和……并肩作战 struggle to do sth. 努力/挣扎着做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①To get an education, he was struggling against/with many difficulties.‎ ‎②Johnny struggled to_keep (keep) up with Lisette's smooth steps, but he was always one beat behind her.‎ ‎③They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.‎ ‎④The soldier was seriously wounded but he struggled to his feet at last.‎ ‎[用准]　struggle with有两个意思：一是“与……斗争”，双方是敌我关系；二是“和……并肩作战”，双方是朋友关系。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)从现在起，你应该为你的未来做准备。为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取。‎ From_now_on,_you_should_prepare_yourself_for_your_future.Struggle_for_your_dream_and_you_will_gain_admission_to_Beijing_Language_and_Culture_University.‎ ‎3．protect vt.保护；防护 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)protect sb./sth.from　　 保护某人/某物不受……(危害)‎ protect sb./sth.against 保护某人/某物以防……‎ ‎(2)protection n. 保护 under the protection of 在……的保护下 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In the last few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection (protect)．‎ ‎②As is known to us all, shoes play an important role in our life, for it can protect our feet from being hurt.‎ ‎③People there often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils.‎ 单句改错 ‎④Little children live happily with the protection of their parents.with→under ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤我们必须采取措施来保护树木免遭砍伐。‎ We must do something to protect_trees_from_being_cut_down.‎ ‎4．worth adj.值……钱；值得……的n.价值；作用 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be worth＋n.(money/the price)　 值……(钱/价格)‎ be (well) worth doing ... (非常)值得做(主动形式表示被动意义)‎ be worth it 是值得的 ‎(2)worthy adj. 值得的 be worthy ‎(3)worthwhile adj. 值得花时间/金钱/精力的 It's worthwhile 做……是值得的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting (respect)．‎ ‎②The time you spend and the efforts you make will be worthwhile (worth)．‎ 一句多译 这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。‎ ‎③The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is of great help for your study.(worth)‎ ‎④The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought,_because it is of great help for your study.(worthy to be done)‎ ‎⑤The reference book is_worthy_of_being_bought,_because it is of great help for your study.(worthy of being done)‎ ‎⑥It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buy the reference book, because it is of great help for your study.(worthwhile)‎ ‎[用准]　(1)worth一般只作表语，不作定语；‎ ‎(2)be worth doing是主动形式表被动意义；‎ ‎(3)如果表达“很值得”，应该用be well worth。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑦(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个剪纸艺术展览非常值得体验。‎ Since_you_are_interested_in_traditional__Chinese_culture,_I_think_this_papercutting_art_exhibition_is_well_worth_experiencing.‎ ‎5．wonder n．奇迹；奇观；惊奇 v．想知道；对……感到惊奇；对……感到疑惑 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)It's no wonder that ...＝No wonder that ...‎ ‎ ……不足为奇，难怪……‎ It's a wonder (that) ... 令人惊奇的是……‎ in wonder 惊奇地 do/work wonders 创造奇迹 ‎(2)wonder at/about ... 对……感到惊奇 wonder if/whether/how/wh从句 　　 想知道……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I am wondering if/whether you could tell me more about this activity.‎ ‎②“What's that？” Mary pointed at the statue, saying in wonder.‎ ‎③I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, wondering (wonder) what had just happened.‎ 补全句子 ‎④It's_no_wonder/No_wonder_that you're tired; you've been walking for hours.‎ 难怪你累了，你一直走了好几个小时。‎ ‎[写美]　词汇升级 ‎⑤(2016·10月浙江高考写作) I want to know if you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.‎ ‎→I_wonder_if you could give me some advice so that I can get myself better prepared for my stay in Canada.‎ ‎6．focus n．焦点；集中点 v．(使)集中，聚焦 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)the focus of　　　　　　　 ……的焦点 come into focus 成为焦点 bring/throw ...into focus 使……成为关注的焦点 ‎(2)focus one's attention/eyes/energy/mind on ...‎ ‎ 集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/思想于……‎ focus on/upon 集中于 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·天津高考) There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food.‎ ‎②With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.‎ ‎③The case has brought the problem of child abuse sharply into focus.‎ 单句改错 ‎④It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus on families, shouldering the hope of their parents.on→of ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤众所周知，他们必须注重提高产品质量。‎ As is known to all, they must focus_on_improving_the_quality_of_the_products.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Health and environmental problems have become increasingly the focus (焦点) of attention.‎ ‎2．The government has decided to build another wildlife reserve (保护区)．‎ ‎3．You have to wear a life jacket for protection (保护) in case you fall into the river.‎ ‎4．I struggled (挣扎，艰难地行进) up the hill with the heavy bags.‎ ‎5．John wrote stories for a publishing house, and meanwhile (同时) worked as a reporter at a local television station.‎ ‎6．Watching TV every evening is a waste (浪费) of time because there are more meaningful things to do.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．She laid (lay) the baby on the bed and went to prepare lunch.‎ ‎2．The temple is now in bad condition.It needs to be repaired.‎ ‎3．If cancers are_spotted (spot) early, there is a high chance of survival.‎ ‎4．The Great Wall is one of the wonders (wonder) in the world.‎ ‎5．Some students even have no idea of why they are studying, so they are aimless (aim) most of the time.‎ ‎6．Something must be done to protect the environment from being_polluted (pollute)．‎ ‎7．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear)．‎ ‎8．He often wastes a lot of money buying (buy) something he really doesn't need.‎ ‎9．It isn't wise to spend all your salary every month.Keep some money in reserve, just in case.‎ ‎10．The project has been a great success and I would like to thank all the people involved (involve)．‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．People often say time is money, but in fact, time worth much more than money.worth前加is ‎2．It's high time that we took measures to protect endangering animals. endangering→endangered ‎3．That meeting achieved absolutely — it was the complete waste of time.the→a ‎4．With his mind focusing on the things not related to his studies, his marks have fallen rapidly.focusing→focused ‎5．There is no wonder that you have got a headache.You have been working in front of the computer too long.There→It Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．(2015·浙江高考书面表达)好的观点值得坚持，因为它们能让我们大家受益。(worth)‎ Good opinions are_worth_sticking_to because they can benefit us all.‎ ‎2．如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们将长时间把注意力集中在它们上面。(focus)‎ If we find those materials interesting, we'll focus_our_attention_on them for long.‎ ‎3．保护你的皮肤不受太阳的有害影响很重要。(protect)‎ It's important to protect_your_skin_from the harmful effects of the sun.‎ ‎4．我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交朋友的建议。(wonder)‎ I_wonder_if/whether_you_can_give_me_some_advice on how to make friends.‎ ‎5．我们必须与国内外的各种各样的困难进行斗争。(struggle)‎ We have to struggle_against/with_all_kinds_of_difficulties from home and abroad.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．put_down　　　　　　　　 放下；写下 ‎2．at_a_time 一次 ‎3．on_the_spot 当场；在现场 ‎4．get_tough_with 对……采取强硬措施 ‎5．be_concerned_about_sth. 关心某事；担心某事 ‎6．keep_an_eye_on [串记1] 照看；留意 ‎7．go_for 攻击(某人)；对……也适用 ‎8．feed_on [串记2] (动物)以……为食 ‎9．stand_for 代表 ‎10．set_up 建立；设立 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.keep短语大团圆 ‎①keep an eye on照看；留意 ②keep away (from)(使)远离 ‎③keep out of阻止进入 ④keep off(使)避开 ‎⑤keep up保持；维护 ⑥keep up with跟得上；不落后 ‎⑦keep doing sth. 一直做某事 ‎⑧keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 串记2.feed短语荟萃 ‎①feed on (动物)以……为食 ‎②feed ...on sth. 用……喂……‎ ‎③feed sth.to ... 用……喂……‎ ‎④be fed up with 感到厌烦 ‎1．in danger　　　　　　　　 处于危险中 ‎2．all over the country 遍及全国 ‎3．give one's life to 为……献身 ‎4．be made into 被制成 ‎5．come into fashion 成为时尚 ‎6．take an active part in 积极参加 ‎7．on a freezing cold day 在一个极度寒冷的日子 ‎8．be home to 是……的家园 ‎9．have an effect on 对……产生影响 ‎10．in the reserve 在保护区 ‎1．Although_surprised,_the poachers had an advantage — there were more of them.‎ 尽管很吃惊，(但是)偷猎者有一个优势——他们人多。‎ ‎2．But today the government seems_to_be_winning the battle.‎ 但是现在政府好像正在赢得这场战争。‎ ‎3．Only about 1,000 survive, most_of_them_in_Siberia.‎ 只有大约1 000只(老虎)幸存下来，大部分在西伯利亚。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) And then, how many adults, who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at_a_time (一次) when they first obtained their driver's licenses (执照)?‎ ‎2．(2011·四川高考完形填空) I know she's here in spirit, keeping_an_eye_on_us (在照看着我们)．‎ ‎3．(2014·辽宁高考完形填空) However, my explanation seemed_to_make_things_worse (似乎使事情变得更加糟糕), which started to drive me mad as well.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2013·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在中国，这些中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。‎ In China, these knots stand_for_friendship,_love and good luck.‎ ‎2．(2014·四川高考书面表达)尽管这些问题对我来说看起来不是很熟悉，但他们很容易回答。(although引导让步状语从句)‎ Although_some_of_the_questions_seem_to_be_unfamiliar_to_me,_they are easy to answer.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．stand for代表；主张；容忍；接受；象征；支持 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中stand for的含义 ‎①In China, Russia and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and happiness.代表 ‎②We Chinese stand for peace and wish to settle all disputes by peaceful means.主张 ‎③She's been lying to me, and I won't stand for it.容忍 ‎[记牢]‎ stand out　　　　 突出，显眼，杰出 stand by 袖手旁观；站在旁边；支持 stand aside 站到一边；让开；袖手旁观，不参与 stand up for 支持；维护 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎④(2017·江苏高考) A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.‎ ‎⑤Good Heavens! How could you stand by/aside and allow such a thing to happen!‎ ‎[用准]　当表达“代表某人或团体”时，不能用stand for，可以用represent或者on behalf of。‎ ‎[写美]　一句多译 人们通常在中秋节吃代表幸福团圆的月饼。‎ ‎⑥People usually eat mooncakes which_stand_for_a_happy_reunion on MidAutumn Festival.(定语从句)‎ ‎⑦People usually eat mooncakes standing_for_a_happy_reunion on MidAutumn Festival.(分词短语作定语)‎ ‎2．set up 建立，设立，准备，安排，放置 ‎[记牢]‎ set about　　　　　 着手；开始做 set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)‎ set down 放下，写下，登记 set off 出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放 set out 启程，动身；阐述；陈列；开始做 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Ralph W．Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.‎ ‎②Upon graduation, Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.‎ ‎③They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for peace.‎ 一句多译 他开始着手粉刷整幢房子，可是只完成了前面的部分。‎ ‎④He set_about_painting_the_whole_house but finished only the front part.(set about)‎ ‎⑤He set_out_to_paint_the_whole_house but finished only the front part.(set out)‎ ‎⑥He began_to_paint/painting_the_whole_house but finished only the front part.(begin)‎ ‎[用准]　set out和set about都可表示“开始做……”，但set out后跟动词不定式，set about后跟名词、动名词。‎ ‎[写美]　句式升级 ‎⑦We set up our English club two months ago.‎ ‎→Our English club was_set_up two months ago.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ seem to be doing“好像正在做……”‎ ‎[教材原句]　But today the government seems_to_be_winning the battle.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)With the development of society, we seem_to_be_losing a lot of tradition.‎ 随着社会的发展，我们似乎正在失去很多传统。‎ ‎(2)On the surface, these people seem_to_be_very_lucky_in_life.‎ 表面上，这些人好像在生活中非常幸运。‎ ‎(3)(2017·北京高考) It_seemed_that everything the woman owned was in them.‎ 似乎这位女子拥有的一切都在它们里面。‎ ‎(4)It_seemed_as_if the crops were not doing so well.‎ 看起来好像庄稼长得不是很好。‎ ‎(5)There_seems_to_be endless problems around me.When one is solved, another arises.‎ 我身边好像有没完没了的问题，一个问题解决了，另一个接着就出现了。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)seem to be doing 　　　　好像正在做……‎ ‎(2)seem to be＋adj./n.... 看起来好像……‎ ‎(3)It seems/seemed that ... 好像/似乎……‎ ‎(4)It seems/seemed as if ... 看起来好像……‎ ‎(5)There seems to be ... 好像/似乎有……‎ 注意事项 seem后可跟to do/to be doing/to have done，分别表示“好像要做……/正在做……/已经做了……(主语是具体的人或物)”。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)The truth is everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)All the others at the party seemed to know each other and I began to feel left out.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed to have prepared for it pretty well.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 put down， at a time， on the spot， get tough with， be concerned about， keep an eye on， go for， feed on， stand for， set up ‎1．They were not even sure of where they had set_up their camp.‎ ‎2．DIY stands_for “doityourself” and is about a new fashion.‎ ‎3．Nowadays more and more people are_concerned_about the environment where they live.‎ ‎4．According to the library rules, you can't borrow five books at_a_time.‎ ‎5．We have asked the neighbors to keep_an_eye_on the house for us while we are away.‎ ‎6．The government will get_tough_with those who avoid paying taxes.‎ ‎7．A sheep feeding_on this kind of special grass usually grows much faster.‎ ‎8．When the thief was trying to break into the bank, he was caught on_the_spot.‎ ‎9．Many sharks go_for fish, other sea animals, and sometimes they eat people.‎ ‎10．Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put_down almost every word her teacher says.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．尽管很累了，她还是继续工作。(although引导让步状语从句)‎ Although_very_tired,_she went on working.‎ ‎2．在我们大学里有100多名留学生，其中一些来自非洲。(“代词＋介词短语”构成独立主格结构)‎ There are more than 100 foreign students in our college, some_of_them_from_Africa.‎ ‎3．为了确保孩子们的健全发展，似乎父母应该为孩子的成长和学习创造空间。(it seems that ...)‎ It_seems_that_parents_should_create_room_for_children's_growth and study in order to ensure their overall development.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Leslie来信说他打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地(Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding) 参观。请你写一封邮件，给他一些建议。内容包括：‎ ‎1．出行方式；‎ ‎2．出游季节；‎ ‎3．其他注意事项。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文属于应用文中的建议信，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第二人称。文章可分为三个层次：开头表明收到来信的喜悦并陈述对方在信中的要求(参观中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地和询问建议) ‎。主体部分根据题目所给的三个要点来写，题目所给的三个要点比较笼统，应细化处理，如建议出行方式可乘飞机和坐高铁；建议出游季节一般在秋季；写其他注意事项时考生可自由发挥，比如可提醒对方来参观时要穿步行鞋。结尾表达一下希望和祝愿。‎ 开头语：我很高兴收到你的来信。在信中你说打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地参观并向我征求建议。(that引导宾语从句)‎ I'm_more_than_glad_to_receive_your_letter.In_the_letter_you_said_that_you_would_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China_and_asked_me_for_advice.‎ 要点1：对你来说乘飞机和高铁旅行都很方便。(It is convenient for you to do sth.)‎ It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train.‎ 要点2：在秋季参观也是一个好主意。(It is a good idea that you do sth.)‎ It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn.‎ 要点3：一定要记住穿步行鞋。(do remember to do sth.)‎ Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes.‎ 结尾语：希望你在中国玩得愉快。期待你的回复。‎ Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，并且符合题目要求，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展，并对部分句子进行升级。例如可用定语从句合并升级开头语；要点1可用原因状语从句说明乘飞机和坐高铁都很方便的原因“从附近的飞机场和车站到达基地都很容易”；要点2用定语从句指出秋季来参观的好处“或许有机会看到新生的熊猫宝宝”；要点3用状语从句进一步说明为什么穿步行鞋“因为基地的庞大超出了你的预料”。‎ 升级开头语：我很高兴收到你的来信。在信中你说打算到中国成都大熊猫繁育研究基地参观并向我征求建议。(用where引导的定语从句升级句子)‎ I'm_more_than_glad_to_receive_your_letter_where_you_said_that_you_would_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China_and_asked_me_for_advice.‎ 拓展要点1：对你来说乘飞机和高铁旅行都很方便，因为从附近的飞机场和车站到达基地都很容易。(用because引导原因状语从句)‎ It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train_because_it_is_very_easy_to_get_to_the_base_from_the_nearby_airport_and_station.‎ 拓展要点2：在秋季参观也是一个好主意，这个时候你或许有机会看到新生的熊猫宝宝。(用when引导定语从句)‎ It_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas.‎ 拓展要点3：一定要记住穿步行鞋，因为基地的庞大超出了你的预料。(用because引导原因状语从句)‎ Do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes_because_the_base_is_large_beyond_your_expectation.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本写作有三个层次，可采用英文写作中最常见的“三段式”行文。在提出建议前需要一个统领句来引出下文的建议，可以在第一段末尾可用The following are my suggestions.作为统领句；第二段可增加衔接词first， second和at last等使文章衔接紧密，过渡自然。‎ Dear_Leslie，‎ I'm_more_than_glad_to_receive_your_letter_where_you_said_you_would_pay_a_visit_to_Chengdu_Research_Base_of_Giant_Panda_Breeding_in_China_and_asked_me_for_advice.The_following_are_my_suggestions.‎ First,_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_both_by_airplane_and_by_highspeed_train_because_it_is_very_easy_to_get_to_the_base_from_the_nearby_airport_and_station.Second,_it_is_also_a_good_idea_that_you_take_a_tour_in_autumn,_when_you_may_have_a_chance_to_watch_newlyborn_baby_pandas.At_last,_do_remember_to_wear_walking_shoes_because_the_base_is_large_beyond_your_expectation.‎ Hope_you_will_have_a_good_time_in_China.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.‎ Yours_sincerely，‎ Li_Hua 掌握阅读技能之(三)　精读 精读是一种为了达到对文章的充分理解而进行的阅读。具体地说，在理解方面，要求对文章的词、句、段、篇进行深入地分析和思考。精读的过程是从形式到内容、从内容到形式、从部分到整体、从整体到部分的反复研读过程。完形填空这种题型是要求精读的题型。精读要注意以下几点：读思结合，全面理解、逐次研读，即逐字逐句，逐段逐章地去钻研，做到精细理解，全面把握；并对文中的关键词句，要仔细品味，推敲琢磨，达到理解透彻。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2012·安徽卷·完形填空 When I settled in Chicago, my new city seemed so big and unfriendly.Then I had a __36__ problem and had to go to hospital for a __37__ examination.‎ It seemed a small __38__ compared to the one I was about to face, but things started to go __39__ right from the beginning. Not having a car or __40__ the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B．__41__ I'd left myself plenty of time, soon it was __42__ I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the __43__ direction.‎ I __44__ the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do.I looked into the eyes of a __45__， who was trying to get past me.__46__， instead of moving on, she ‎ stopped to ask if I was __47__.After I explained my __48__ to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street, where a bus would take me back into the city to my __49__.Sitting there waiting, I felt __50__ that someone had been willing to help.__51__， hearing a horn (喇叭) nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend __52__ at me to get in.She had returned to offer me a __53__ to the hospital.‎ Such unexpected __54__ from a passerby was a lovely gift to receive.As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose __55__， for all things are possible.‎ ‎36．A.physical　　 B．traveling　　 ‎ C．social　　 D．housing ‎37．A.scientific B．final ‎ C．previous D．thorough ‎38．A.chance B．challenge ‎ C．success D．error ‎ ‎39．A.wrong B．easy ‎ C．fast D．ahead ‎40．A.leaving B．visiting ‎ C．knowing D．appreciating ‎41．A.Although B．Since ‎ C．Unless D．Once ‎42．A.strange B．necessary ‎ ‎ C．obvious D．important ‎43．A.same B．right ‎ C．general D．opposite ‎44．A.looked at B．waited for ‎ C．got off D．ran into ‎45．A.driver B．friend ‎ C．stranger D．gentleman ‎46．A.Especially B．Surprisingly ‎ C．Probably D．Normally ‎47．A.nervous B．excited ‎ C．OK D．dangerous ‎48．A.idea B．motivation ‎ C．excuse D．situation ‎49．A.appointment B．apartment ‎ C．direction D．station ‎50．A.afraid B．grateful ‎ C．certain D．disappointed ‎51．A.Thus B．Then ‎ C．Perhaps D．Surely ‎52．A.staring B．laughing ‎ C．waving D．shouting ‎53．A.lift B．suggestion ‎ C．bike D．guidebook ‎54．A.results B．news ‎ C．kindness D．appearance ‎55．A.power B．faith ‎ C．touch D．support ‎[四个精读策略]‎ ‎1．理清文章所用人称 本文是以第一人称即从“参与者”的角度进行叙述，读者可从字里行间感受到作者的态度和情感。使用第三人称的记叙文是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，显得语气比较客观。‎ ‎2．了解文章结构形式 本文按时间先后顺序安排情节和内容，其优点是条理清楚、层次分明。但是在有些记叙文作者可能会采用插叙甚至倒叙的写作手法。‎ ‎3．知晓记叙文六大要素 这篇文章的六个要素为：人物：I and a stranger；时间：when I settled in Chicago；地点：Chicago；事件：去看医生途中迷路；原因：had a __36__ problem and had to go to hospital for a __37__ examination；结果：得到陌生人的帮助。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。‎ ‎4．明确作者写作目的 就事论事肯定不是记叙的目的，而是通过叙述阐明一个道理。这篇文章的写作目的在文章的结尾处，即“..._not_to_lose_faith,_for_all_things_are_possible.”。‎ ‎[三个精读步骤]‎ 第一步：速读全文，理清主线，把握主旨 ‎1．本文的两条主线：‎ 明线(事件发展)：生病看医生→坐错公交车→站在路边不知所措→陌生人提供帮助→到达医院；‎ 暗线(心理变化)：感觉到城市的陌生(unfriendly)→遇到问题感到迷茫(not knowing ‎ what to do)→得到帮助心情明朗(a lovely gift)‎ ‎2．文章大意：本文讲述了作者初到芝加哥人生地不熟时的一次受人帮助的愉快经历。‎ 第二步：逐句推敲，瞻前顾后，顺藤摸瓜 ‎1．逐句推敲，理清联系，找出主题句 本文的主题句为：As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose __55__， for all things are possible.‎ ‎2．瞻前顾后，锁定信息词，比对选项 以第一段为例，第一段的信息词为：so big and unfriendly; go to hospital。‎ ‎3．顺藤摸瓜，敲定答案 由第一段所提供的信息词可知作者对于这个城市的态度以及作者的身体状况，故36题顺理成章的应选physical“身体的”；选出36空后，顺藤摸瓜可知，37空作者去医院作“全面的(thorough)”的检查。‎ 第三步：通读全文，统筹兼顾，重点击破 带着已选答案，迅速通读全文，着眼一个“通”字，保证语义通顺，逻辑合理，符合作者情感历程轨迹；否则，不通则变，重新考虑所选选项。‎