2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修2Unit6Design 22页

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．wavy adj.　　　　　　　　 波状的 ‎2．missile n. 导弹 ‎3．marble n. 大理石 ‎4．granite n. 花岗岩 ‎5．phoenix n. 凤凰 ‎6．rooster n. 雄鸡，公鸡 ‎7．subway n. (美)地铁 ‎8．angel n. 天使 ‎9．offering n. 供品，祭品 ‎10．landlord n. 房东 ‎11．bat n. 蝙蝠 ‎12．loch n. 湖；海湾 ‎13．fairytale n. 童话 ‎14．insect n. 昆虫 ‎15．roof n．　　　[纵联1] 房顶 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．straight adj. 直的 adv. 直，直接 ‎2．painter n. 画家；油漆匠 ‎3．shade n. (色彩的)浓淡；阴影 ‎4．sweat n. 汗 ‎5．youth n. 青春；年轻人 ‎6．religious adj. [纵联2] 宗教的；虔诚的 ‎7．creature n. 动物；(有特性或特质的)人 ‎8．artist n．　　　[纵联3] 画家；艺术家 ‎9．emphasise vt. 强调 ‎10．feature n. 特征，特色 ‎11．ruin vt. 毁坏，毁灭 ‎12．purpose n. 目的，意图 ‎13．abstract adj. [纵联4] 抽象的，深奥的 ‎14．downtown adv. 在市区，往市区 adj. 市区的 ‎15．fold n. 皱褶 ‎16．pain n. 痛苦；疼，痛；劳苦，努力 ‎17．detail n. 细节，详情 ‎18．shallow adj. 浅的 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．bathe vi.洗澡；沐浴→bath n．洗澡；沐浴 ‎2．conclusion n．结论；结束→conclude vt.结束；推断 ‎3．exhibition n．展览会→exhibit vt.展览，显示n.展览；展览品 ‎4．poetry n．诗(总称)→poem n．诗→poet n．诗人→poetess n．女诗人 ‎5．valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的→value n．& vt.价值；评价 ‎6．elegantly adv.优雅地→elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的 ‎7．character n．(书写或印刷的)字，字体→characteristic adj.典型的，特有的n.特征，特点 ‎8．relate vt.把……与……联系起来→related adj.有联系的；相关的→relation n．关系，联系→relationship n．关系 ‎9．mercy n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心→merciful adj.仁慈的，宽容的 ‎10．typical adj.典型的→typically adv.典型地；有代表性地 ‎11．imagination n．想像；想像力→imagine vt.想像→imaginative adj.富有想像力的 纵联1.“房屋构造”相关名词集锦 ‎①roof房顶 ②ceiling天花板 ‎③kitchen厨房 ④balcony阳台 ‎⑤living room客厅 ⑥bedroom卧室 ‎⑦study书房 ⑧dining room 餐厅 纵联2.含“ious”的形容词一览 ‎①religious宗教的；虔诚的 ②cautious小心的；谨慎的 ‎③conscious有意识的 ④envious忌妒的；猜忌的 ‎⑤mysterious神秘的 ⑥ambitious有雄心的 纵联3.后缀“ist”名词荟萃 ‎①biologist生物学家 ②tourist游客 ‎③physicist物理学家 ④scientist科学家 ‎⑤psychologist心理学家 ⑥novelist小说家 ‎⑦artist艺术家，画家 纵联4.“绘画”相关名词万花筒 ‎①abstract抽象画 ②landscape风景画 ‎③portrait肖像画 ④painting绘画(作品)‎ ‎⑤sketch素描 ⑥perspective透视画法 ‎⑦impressionism印象主义 单元话题——绘画与艺术形式 子话题1　绘画形式 ‎①action painting动作画派 ②art deco装饰派艺术 ‎③art nouveau新艺术 ④aventgarde先锋派 ‎⑤abstract art 抽象派艺术 ‎⑥abstract expressionism 抽象表现派 ‎ 子话题2　艺术大师 ‎①Pablo Picasso毕加索 ②Paul Gauguin高更 ‎③JeanFrancois Millet米勒 ④Marc Chagall夏加尔 ‎⑤Claude Monet莫奈 ⑥Ilya Efimovich Repin列宾 ‎⑦Leonardo da Vinci 达·芬奇绘画形式 ‎⑧Tintoretto 绘画形式丁托列托 ‎⑨Vincent van Gogh 梵·高 ‎⑩Henri Theodore Rousseau 卢梭 子话题3　艺术形式 ‎①work of art艺术作品 ②masterpiece杰作 ‎③plastic arts造型艺术 ④graphic arts形象艺术 ‎⑤Fine Arts美术 ⑥salon沙龙 ‎⑦art gallery画廊，美术馆 ⑧inspiration灵感，启发 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic❶. Truly elegant chopsticks might be made 　❷　 gold and silver with Chinese characters❸.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的表示人的同根名词：artist ‎②处应填介词：of ‎③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：汉字 ‎2．(2015·北京高考阅读C)These animals❶ typically live between the surface of the ocean and a 　❷　 (deep) of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged❸ by a simple touch.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：creature ‎②用所给词的适当形式填空：depth ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：ruin ‎3．(2012·陕西高考阅读A)What brings a nation together? Of the four choices — shared values❶， language, history, and religion, it's shared values. In our latest poll (民意调查), seven out of 16 countries chose values 　❷　 the greatest factor (因素) bringing a nation together, and six preferred language. Both choices scored high in the poll, suggesting that our values and how we express them are closely linked❸.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的形容词形式： valuable ‎②处应填介词： as ‎③写出加黑词的动词形式在本单元的同义词： relate 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)此外，你最好带一些典型的礼物，可以是一些有关花鸟的画或者家乡的特产。(typical)‎ Besides,_you'd_better_bring_some_typical_gifts,_which_may_be_some_paintings_about_flowers_and_birds_or_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country.‎ ‎2．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 事实上，交通规则，包括乘地铁或步行，是规章制度的一部分，与公众秩序紧密相关。(relate, subway)‎ In_fact,_traffic_rules_that_include_taking_subways_or_walking_on_foot_in_the_street_are_part_of_the_rules_and_regulations_and_they_are_closely_related_to_public_order.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．imagination n．想像；想像力 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)beyond imagination　 　 　　 超出想像的，难以想像的 ‎(2)imagine v. 想像 imagine (doing) sth. 想像(做)某事 imagine sb./one's doing sth. 想像某人做某事 imagine sb./sth. as/to be ... 把某人/某物想像成……‎ ‎(3)imaginable adj. 想像的，可想像的 imaginary adj. 假想的；虚构的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Sometimes, imagination (imagine) is more important than knowledge during our studies.‎ ‎②Beyond death, beyond imagination, lies an adventure that will live forever.‎ 完成句子 ‎③I can't_imagine_living without electricity.‎ 我想像不出没有电的生活是什么样子的。‎ ‎④I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine_her_as/to_be a kind and gentle person.‎ 我从没了解过我祖母，但我总是把她想像成一个和善、温柔的人。‎ ‎[用准]　imagine的宾语可以是名词、代词、从句、动名词以及动名词的复合结构，但不能为动词不定式。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2014·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我经常想像将来我的生活会是什么样子。‎ I_often_imagine_what_my_life_will_be_like_in_the_future.‎ ‎2．pain n．痛苦；疼，痛；劳苦，努力 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)have pains/a pain in　　 ……部位疼 be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 spare no pains/effort to do sth.‎ ‎ 不遗余力/全力以赴做某事 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事 ‎(2)painful adj. 疼痛的；痛苦的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.‎ ‎②Applying for jobs can be a long and painful (pain) process.‎ ‎③We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ 完成句子 ‎④We should_spare_no_pains_to_construct whole harmonious society.‎ 我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐社会。‎ ‎⑤Kobe has_a_pain_in_the_back,_which makes him painful.‎ 科比背疼，这让他很痛苦。‎ ‎[用准]　pain 指“精神上的痛苦”时为不可数名词；指“肉体上的疼痛”时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦，刻苦，努力”时，要用复数形式。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2014·江西高考书面表达)不劳无获。我相信在你的努力下，在这里你会过上丰富多彩的生活。‎ No_pains_no_gains._I_am_sure_that_with_your_great_efforts,_you_will_enjoy_a_colorful_and_fruitful_life_here.‎ ‎3．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的；象征性的；特有的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be typical of ...　　 是……的代表，是典型的……‎ It is typical of sb.to do sth. 某人一向做某事　　　　‎ ‎(2)typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；向来；通常 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①It is typical of him to turn a deaf ear to others' advice.‎ ‎②He was typically (typical) modest about his achievements.‎ ‎③As a carrier of culture, Jiaozi is typical of traditional Chinese cuisine culture.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2015·北京高考书面表达)面人是中国传统文化的代表。上周二，我们班邀请到了一位老艺术家教我们如何做面人。‎ A_dough_figurine_is_typical_of_traditional_Chinese_culture.Last_Tuesday,_our_class_invited_an_old_craftsman_to_teach_us_how_to_make_dough_figurines.‎ ‎4．ruin vt.毁坏，毁灭；使破产 n．毁灭，毁坏；废墟，遗址(常用复数)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)ruin oneself 　　　 　 　 自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉 ‎(2)in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪 bring sb.to ruin 使某人失败；使某人倾家荡产 fall/go/come into/to ruin 毁灭；败落 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Giving up learning means ruining yourself (you)．‎ ‎②A large number of churches fell into ruin after the big flood.‎ 单句改错 ‎③You will bring yourself to ruins if you don't take your study seriously.ruins→ruin 完成句子 ‎④My father was_ruining_his_health through worry.‎ 忧虑严重损害了我父亲的健康。‎ ‎⑤Whole blocks of the city were in_ruins after the war.‎ 该城市的全部街区在战后成为一片废墟。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2012·福建高考书面表达)如果所有来仙女湖公园的游客都像这对情侣一样，湖以及湖周围的环境将会被严重毁坏，不久就会变成一个大垃圾厂了。‎ If_all_visitors_to_the_Fairy_Lake_Park_do_as_the_couple_did,_the_lake_and_the_beautiful_surroundings_will_be_severely_ruined_and_soon_turned_into_a_huge_dustbin.‎ ‎5．relate vt.& vi.联系，把……与……联系起来；叙述，讲述 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be related to　　　　　 与……有关系 relate ... to/with ... 把……与……联系起来 relate to ... 和……有关联；和……合得来 ‎(2)in/with relation to 与……有关；涉及；与……相比 have no relation to 与……没关系 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The report related high wages to/with labour shortages.‎ ‎②What he said relates to what we are discussing now.‎ 完成句子 ‎③It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students' life.‎ 据要求所有的文章都要与学生的生活有关。‎ ‎④Have you read the report in/with_relation_to the crash in the newspaper?‎ 你在报纸上读了有关这次爆炸的报道了吗？‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2014·辽宁高考书面表达)你一定要把你的创意作品与我们的学校生活联系起来。‎ You_must_relate_your_innovation_to_our_school_life.‎ ‎6．mercy n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心；幸运；恩惠 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)have (no) mercy on　　　 对……(不)同情 show mercy to 对……表示怜悯 at the mercy of 任由……摆布，‎ ‎ 在……支配下 It's a mercy that ... ……真是万幸 out of mercy 出于仁慈 without mercy 无情地 ‎(2)merciful adj. 宽大的，仁慈的，慈悲的 be merciful to 对……仁慈 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He showed mercy to the thief and let him go.‎ ‎②He didn't finish his work in time and we had no mercy on him at all.‎ ‎③The elephants used to be hunted by farmers without mercy because they destroyed the farms.‎ ‎④They asked her to be merciful (mercy) to the prisoners.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤They were lost at sea, at_the_mercy_of wind and weather.‎ 他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。‎ ‎⑥It's_a_mercy_that they were saved by the policemen.‎ 幸运的是警察救了他们。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2011·安徽高考书面表达)幸运的是，通过这种方法，我不但解决了它而且还提高了独自克服困难的能力。‎ It's_a_mercy_that_I_can_not_only_work_it_out_but_also_improve_my_ability_to_overcome_problems_all_by_myself_in_this_way.‎ ‎7．conclusion n．结论；结束 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　 得出结论 bring ... to a conclusion 使……结束 in conclusion (＝to conclude) 最后(一句话)‎ ‎(2)conclude v. 推断出；推论出；结束 conclude that 结论是 conclude ...with ... 以……结束……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①These are the report's main conclusions (conclude)．‎ ‎②In conclusion, I'd like to say how much I've enjoyed staying here.‎ 完成句子 ‎③We will conclude_the_concert_with the National Anthem.‎ 我们将以国歌结束这场音乐会。‎ ‎④I've come_to/arrived_at/drawn/reached_a_conclusion that he's not the right person for the job.‎ 我断定他不适合做这项工作。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2017·江苏高考书面表达)中国的经济在以后几年有望呈中等速度的增长。因此我断定电影产业的投资和优质电影数量的增加是有可能的。‎ China's_economy_is_expected_to_grow_at_a_medium_speed_in_the_coming_years,_so_I_draw_a_conclusion_that_an_increase_is_possible_in_the_investment_in_the_movie_industry_and_the_number_of_quality_movies. ‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The full details (细节) of the agreement have not yet been made public.‎ ‎2．The purpose (目的) of this meeting is to elect a new chairman.‎ ‎3．Some authors are not popular because their writings are too abstract (抽象的)．‎ ‎4．The major part of the town was ruined (毁坏) by the earthquake.‎ ‎5．I keep cool by staying in the shade (阴凉处) and not moving much.‎ ‎6．Go straight (径直地) down the road until you come to the post office.‎ ‎7．This meal is typical (典型的) of local cookery, but I've never tasted it.‎ ‎8．She emphasises (强调) that her novels are not written for children.‎ ‎9．All living creatures (动物) in the sea are affected by pollution.‎ ‎10．The house has many interesting features (特点). The one I like best is a large Victorian fireplace.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．We can't imagine her succeeding (succeed) in the College Entrance Examination, for she has never been to school.‎ ‎2．If you're addicted to computer games, you'll ruin yourself (you)．‎ ‎3．The king showed no mercy to the prisoners and killed all of them.‎ ‎4．I hope this trip can be a valuable (value) experience in your life.‎ ‎5．The position calls for related (relate) experience in the field and being skilled at using computers.‎ ‎6．The children's paintings are on exhibition (exhibit) at school.‎ ‎7．Unless you take pains to_prepare (prepare), you won't win the match.‎ ‎8．Typically (typical) he would come late and then say that he had to go early.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．It was typical for him to get angry about this kind of things. for→of ‎2．We should learn to show mercy on others. on→to ‎3．If he wants to win in the contest, he must take great pain to prepare for it. pain→pains ‎4．After a few years' civil war, the country's economy lay in ruin. ruin→ruins ‎5．Now we can reach the conclusion the earth is round. conclusion后加that Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Jack is late again. It_is_typical_of_him to keep others waiting.‎ 杰克又迟到了，他就是爱让别人等。‎ ‎2．In_conclusion,_walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.‎ 总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。‎ ‎3．What happened in your childhood is_related_to your present state of mind.‎ 你童年时的遭遇同你目前的心境相关。‎ ‎4．The whole city lay in_ruins after the earthquake, which made us lying awake all night. ‎ 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。‎ ‎5．We have been demanded to spare_no_pains/effort_to_finish_the_task.‎ 我们被要求要不遗余力完成这项任务。‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．fix_one's_eyes_on　　 　[串记1]　注视，凝视 ‎2．be_deep/lost_in_thought　[串记2] 陷入沉思 ‎3．add_..._to_... 增添，增加 ‎4．match_..._with 使……和……相配 ‎5．sort_of 有几分地 ‎6．come_out 出来；出版 ‎7．date_back_(to)　　　 　[串记3] 追溯(到)‎ ‎8．relate_to 有关，涉及；理解 ‎9．try_out 试用，试验 ‎10．in_the_shape_of 以……的形状 ‎11．come_up 走近 ‎12．share_with_sb. 与某人共享 ‎13．hold_one's_breath　　　[串记4] 屏住呼吸 ‎14．more_than 多于；不只是；非常 ‎15．put_on 穿上；上演 ‎16．agree_to 同意 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“看法”种种 ‎①fix one's eyes on注视，凝视 ②glance at扫视 ‎③glare at怒目注视 ④stare at凝视 ‎⑤gaze at盯着 ⑥watch over监视 串记2.“be＋过去分词＋in”短语 ‎①be absorbed in ... 被……吸引 ‎②be buried in ... 埋头于……‎ ‎③be occupied in ... 忙于……‎ ‎④be involved in ... 专注于……‎ ‎⑤be lost in ... 陷入……‎ 串记3.“无被动语态”常考短语清单 ‎①consist of由……组成 ②run out用完 ‎③date back to追溯到 ④give out用尽 ‎⑤belong to属于 ⑥come up 走近 串记4.种种“呼吸”‎ ‎①hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 ‎②lose one's breath 喘不过气来 ‎③catch one's breath 喘息；屏息 ‎④take a deep breath 做深呼吸 ‎⑤out of breath 上气不接下气 ‎1．a typical example of ……的典型代表 ‎2．combine poetry with painting 使诗歌与绘画结合起来 ‎3．be used to celebrate weddings 被用来庆贺婚礼 ‎4．a papercutting expert 剪纸艺术家 ‎5．from an early age 从小时候 ‎6．decorate jewellery boxes 装饰首饰盒 ‎7．pay rent to anybody 付租金给任何人 ‎8．on the other side of town 在小镇的另一端 ‎9．bring good luck 带来好运 ‎10．wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别 ‎1．Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves_the_audience_guessing and makes them use their imagination. ‎ 齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。‎ ‎2．To_emphasise_the_woman_even_more,_Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.‎ 为了进一步突出这位女子，陈(逸飞)在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多细节，并选择黑色作为女子的背景颜色。‎ ‎3．Our house would be white with_trees_around_it,_a_great_big_yard_and_grass_growing_‎ without_a_fence.‎ 我们的房子应该是白色的，树木环绕，有一个大院子，草随意生长没有篱笆阻隔。‎ ‎4．But the house on Mango Street is not the_way_they_described_it at all. ‎ 但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他们所描述的那样。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1．(2012·辽宁高考阅读B)Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)fix_their_eyes_on ‎2．(2011·湖北高考阅读E)Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with waveandpay systems that use NFCenabled credit cards, cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale (POS) market.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)trying_out 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)值得提醒的是，吃饭时最好不要老是盯着饭菜，多和主人聊天。(fix one's eyes on)‎ It_is_noteworthy_that_you_had_better_not_fix_your_eyes_on_dishes_but_talk_more_with_the_host. ‎ ‎2．(2013·重庆高考书面表达)为了保护白鳍豚(Finless Porpoise)，我们真诚地希望你能帮助采取一些措施。(不定式作目的状语)‎ To_protect_Finless_Porpoises,_we_sincerely_hope_you_can_help_take_some_measures._‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．fix one's eyes on注视，凝视 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)keep/have an eye on　　 照看，照管；注视，监视；留神 look sb. in the eye 直视某人 catch sb.'s eye 引起某人的注意 have an eye for 对……有鉴赏眼光 ‎(2)fix one's attention on/upon　 集中注意力于 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Grandma was cooking while she was keeping an eye on the baby sleeping in the cradle.‎ ‎②A good artist must have an eye for color.‎ 单句改错 ‎③Mary was so shy that she couldn't look him on the eye.on→in ‎④He fixed his attention in an interesting story book.in→on/upon 完成句子 ‎⑤The sad boy lay in bed and fixed_his_eyes_on the ceiling.‎ 那个难过的小男孩躺在床上，凝视着天花板。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)我希望你能帮助我的英语口语。当我讲英语时，特别是别人盯着我时，我经常感到有点紧张。‎ I_hope_you_can_help_me_with_my_spoken_English.When_I_speak_English,_especially_when_others_fix_their_eyes_on_me,_I_often_feel_a_little_nervous. ‎ ‎2．date back (to)追溯(到)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)date from＝date back to　　　 追溯到，始于 ‎(2)set a date for ... 确定……的日期 up to date 最新式的，现代的 out of date 过时的；过期的 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①The skills of cooking in China can date_back_to/date_from thousands of years ago.‎ 中国在烹饪方面的技艺可以追溯到几千年前。‎ ‎②The news you told me was out_of_date but you thought it was up_to_date.‎ 你告诉我的新闻是过时的，但你却认为是最新的。‎ ‎[用准]　date from和date back to常指“以现在为起点”向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。该短语没有进行时态，也没有被动形式，常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎③(2013·辽宁高考书面表达)‎ 作为中国受欢迎的节日之一，传统的赏月和吃月饼的习俗可以追溯到几千年前。‎ As_one_of_the_popular_Chinese_festivals,_the_traditional_custom,_enjoying_the_full_moon_and_eating_mooncakes_can_date_back_to_thousands_of_years_ago.‎ ‎3．try out试用，试验 ‎ ‎[记牢]‎ try on　　　　　 　 试穿；试用 try for 谋求，争取；试图获得，力争赢得 try out for 参加……选拔/竞赛 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①It is very pleasant to travel and to try_out and explore whatever is new. ‎ 无论是旅游还是试验、探索任何新的东西都能令人非常愉快。‎ ‎②These teams are going to try_out_for the Olympic Games.‎ 这些队伍要参加奥运会的选拔赛。‎ ‎③You ought to try_on the shoes before you buy them.‎ 在你买这双鞋之前，你应该试试。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2011·重庆高考书面表达)我是重庆新华中学的学生，我从网上得知你们招募“动物代言人”，我愿意报名参加。‎ I_am_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School_in_Chongqing.I_knew_from_the_Internet_that_you_want_some_students_to_serve_as_spokesmen_for_the_animals_they_like.I_would_like_to_try_out_for_the_activity.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎[教材原句]　Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves_the_audience_guessing and makes them use their imagination.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Hearing the bad news, he hurried home, leaving the book lying (lie) open on the table.‎ 听到这个坏消息，他匆匆忙忙回家，留下那本书摊在桌子上。‎ ‎(2)Don't leave_the_light_on when you are not in the room.‎ 当你不在房间时，别让灯开着。‎ ‎(3)What disappoints me is that she leaves me to_finish (finish) the work by myself.‎ 使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 leave用作使役动词，意为“使……处于某种状态”，其具体构成为：‎ leave＋宾语＋ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Speaking of table manners, leave your voice low and pleasant during the meal.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)I didn't realize that I had left my key in the office until I arrived at home.(要点句)‎ ‎2．动词不定式作目的状语 ‎[教材原句]　To_emphasise_the_woman_even_more,_Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year to_visit_her.‎ 她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。‎ ‎(2)_In_order_to/To_keep_warm,_we shut all the windows.‎ 为了保暖，我们把所有窗户都关上了。‎ ‎(3)I hurried through my work so_as_to/in_order_to/to be in time for the wonderful TV programme.‎ 我匆匆忙忙地忙完这项工作以便能够及时赶上精彩的电视节目。‎ ‎(4)They reached the company out of breath, only to_be_told (tell) they were fired.‎ 他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却被告知他们被解雇了。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)to do 不定式表示目的或者将来。‎ ‎(2)在动词不定式前可加上in order (to), so as (to)等用以表示目的。‎ ‎(3)动词不定式还可以作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only, just等词连用。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。‎ ‎(2)现在分词作结果状语则表示意料之中的结果。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·天津高考满分作文)The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July in order to promote the development of robotics.(开关句)‎ ‎(2)(2014·江西高考满分作文)In order to adapt yourself to the new environment, all of you, fresh students, must learn to communicate with and be kind to others.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)Our government must take some effective measures in order to/so as to/to protect our environment from being polluted.(总结句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 fix one's eyes on， share with， sort of， try out， be deep in thought， hold one's breath， in the shape of， date back to ‎1．The old lady fixed_her_eyes_on the stranger.‎ ‎2．I was_deep_in_thought,_so I didn't notice him coming in.‎ ‎3．I shared_with two others in hiring a car for the day.‎ ‎4．At the sight of the headmaster, she held_her_breath,_not daring to raise her head.‎ ‎5．The oldest deposits in the cave date_back_to 120,000 years ago.‎ ‎6．Come on.I really want you to try_out this new product.‎ ‎7．There was a red mark on his back in_the_shape_of the letter S.‎ ‎8．I'm sort_of disappointed that Grandma didn't come to my birthday party.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Jack's humour in his speech left_the_audience_laughing all the time.‎ 杰克在演说中的风趣幽默使听众一直大笑。‎ ‎2．I like the way (in_which/that)_our_English_teacher_gives_his_lessons.‎ 我喜欢我们英语老师上课的方式。‎ ‎3．In_order_to/To_encourage_the_students_to_take_outdoor_exercise,_our school organized a mountainclimbing on April 10.‎ 为了鼓励同学们进行户外锻炼，我校于4月10号举行了一次登山比赛。‎ ‎4．The impressive remains of the Royal Palace date_back_to the 12th century.‎ 这些让人印象深刻的皇宫旧址要追溯到12世纪。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom想要了解有关抽象艺术的知识，请根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。‎ ‎1．过去颇受争议；‎ ‎2．现在成为当代文明的一部分，且深受欢迎。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作属于应用文中的普通书信，时态根据叙述事件而定，人称为第一人称。要点表达可以从以下四方面着手：一是写信原因，介绍抽象艺术；二是抽象艺术过去颇受争议；三是现在成为当代文明的一部分；四是总结，抽象艺术受到欢迎。要点表达要力求准确全面，避免跑题。‎ 要点1：我写信给你介绍一下抽象艺术的概况。‎ I_am_writing_to_introduce_the_rough_sketch_of_abstract_art_to_you.‎ 要点2：抽象艺术曾经颇受争议。‎ Abstract_art_used_to_be_controversial.‎ 要点3：当今，抽象艺术已成为当代文明的一部分。‎ Nowadays,_abstract_art_has_become_part_of_the_contemporary_civilization.‎ 要点4：抽象艺术在全世界都深受欢迎。‎ Abstract_art_enjoys_great_popularity_all_over_the_world.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行补充。要点2可补充内容(如艺术家不再画优雅的人物，而是试图要用特别的技巧给人们视觉冲击；他们的作品，包括用大理石或易碎黏土雕刻的雕塑，都以表达感情为其独特的目的)，补充内容正确表达有一定难度，只要用词准确，句式表达清楚即可，表达时可用并列句及过去分词短语作定语使表达更贴切；要点3可补充内容(如麦迪逊大道上的画廊为抽象艺术作品举行了展览；埃及之影咖啡馆已成为抽象艺术家们的家园)，表达时可使用现在分词短语作状语、定语从句及同位语使表达更生动。‎ 拓展2－①：艺术家不再画优雅的人物，而是试图采用特别的技巧给人们视觉冲击。(but并列句)‎ The_artists_stopped_painting_delicate_figures,_but_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques_to_give_people_different_visual_impacts.‎ 拓展2－②：他们的作品，包括用大理石或易碎黏土雕刻的雕塑，都以表达感情为其独特的目的。(过去分词短语作定语)‎ Their_works,_including_sculptures_carved_out_of_marble_or_fragile_clay,_were_all_with_a_specific_aim_of_showing_feelings.‎ 拓展3－①：麦迪逊大道上的画廊为典型的抽象艺术作品举办了许多绝妙的展览，吸引了对它有偏爱的许多艺术家。(现在分词短语作状语， who引导的定语从句)‎ Galleries_along_the_Madison_Avenue_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works,_appealing_to_many_artists_who_have_a_preference_for_it.‎ 拓展3－②：埃及之影(the Shadow of Egypt)，这一地区的一个咖啡馆，已经成为那些有进取心的抽象艺术家们的家园。(同位语)‎ The_Shadow_of_Egypt,_a_café_in_this_district,_has_become_the_home_to_those_aggressive_abstract_artists.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 开头开门见山，简介抽象艺术；中间列举要点，主要用on one hand， on the other hand， however等连接词作好衔接，使文章过渡自然；结尾用all in all 点明抽象艺术受到全世界的欢迎，并用Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience期待得到回复。‎ Dear_Tom，‎ I_am_writing_to_introduce_the_rough_sketch_of_abstract_art_to_you.‎ It_used_to_be_controversial.On_one_hand,_the_artists_stopped_painting_delicate_figures,_but_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques_to_give_people_different_visual_impacts.On_the_other_hand,_their_works,_including_sculptures_carved_out_of_marble_or_fragile_clay,_were_all_with_a_specific_aim_of_showing_feelings.However,_nowadays,_abstract_art_has_become_part_of_the_contemporary_civilization.Galleries_along_the_Madison_Avenue_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works,_appealing_to_many_artists_who_have_a_preference_for_it.The_Shadow_of_Egypt,_a_café_in_this_district,_has_become_the_home_to_those_aggressive_abstract_artists.All_in_all,_abstract_art_enjoys_great_popularity_all_over_the_world.‎ Looking_forward_to_your_reply_at_your_earliest_convenience.‎ Yours,_‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(六)　记叙文之空间顺序——“移步换景”巧解题 记叙文中的空间(地点)顺序一般指在同一个时间背景下，不同地点、不同场景发生的事情。“移步换景”是此类记叙文的明显特点，文章中的情节随着地点的更迭变换而跌宕起伏。因此，此类记叙文中地点多、情节较复杂，阅读此类文章可采用“移步换景”法，即一边阅读、一边标注出在不同地点发生了什么事情，进而从整体上把握全文内容。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·天津卷·B篇 ‎[移步⇨地点更迭变换]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·天津卷·B篇 ‎[换景⇒情节变化发展]‎ 地点1‎ 地点2‎ 地点3‎ ‎　[1]When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the 换景1：鲁莽之行——地点1‎ 作者读到一篇文章，于是急匆匆地和好友一起去找杂志中提到的博物馆。‎ 地点4‎ 地点5‎ 地点6‎ 地点7‎ 地点8‎ 地点9‎ ‎ museum. She asked, “Do you have the address？” “No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”‎ ‎[2]“Oh, stop. There it is！”‎ ‎[3]The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.‎ ‎[4]“May I help you？” a man asked. “No，” I said.“We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are？” he asked. I turned sharply.“The McNay Art Museum！” He smiled, shaking his head.“Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “What's this place？” I asked, still confused. “Well, it's our home.” My heart jolted (震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out，“Sally! Come down immediately！”‎ ‎[5]“There's some really good stuff (艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.” Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.‎ ‎[6]The real McNay was splendid, but we felt ‎(可解第41题)‎ 换景2：不速之客——地点2‎ 作者到达“博物馆”，“馆”内有人。‎ 换景3：懵懂之中——地点3、4‎ 作者发现自己弄错了地方，来到了别人的家里。‎ ‎(可解第42、43题)‎ 换景4：尴尬离开——地点5、6‎ 作者尴尬地和女主人搭讪，并呼唤好友下楼，出去之后告诉了好友发生的事。‎ 换景5：心仪之地——地点7‎ 作者找到了真正的博物馆，看到了名家名作，但却感到不安。(可解第44题)‎ 换景6：事后回顾——地点8‎ ‎30年之后作者偶遇一位女性，对方提到作者的那次经历。‎ 换景7：无心插柳——地点9‎ 作者那次鲁莽之行，改变了当时小女孩对家的感情。(可解第45题)‎ ‎ nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.‎ ‎[7]Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum？”‎ ‎[8]“Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”‎ ‎[9]“That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you.”‎ ‎ [定区间·细比对]‎ ‎41.What do we know about ？‎ A.She was a painter.‎ B.She was a community leader.‎ C.She was a museum director.‎ D.She was a journalist.‎ ‎41.由题干中的关键词Marian McNay定位到第一段。根据“换景1”中的“a watercolorist named Marian McNay”可知，Marian McNay是一位painter (画家)。‎ ‎42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man ？‎ A.She disliked people who were nosy.‎ B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers.‎ C.She knew more about art than the man.‎ D.She mistook him for a tour guide.‎ ‎42.由题干中的关键词in the house可定位到第四段。根据“换景3”中的“Tour guides got on my nerves.(导游让我紧张)”可知，“我”把那个人误认为是导游了。‎ ‎43.How did the author feel about being stared at by the people ？‎ A.Puzzled.　　　　　　　　　B．Concerned.‎ C.Frightened. ‎ D．Delighted.‎ ‎43.由题干中的关键词in the hall可定位到第四段。根据“换景3”中“我”被那些人盯着时的疑惑“What was their problem？”及后文中的“still confused”可知，“我”感到很困惑(puzzled)。‎ ‎44.Why did the author describe in just a few words？‎ A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.‎ B.She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.‎ C.The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.‎ D.The event happening in the house was more significant.‎ ‎44.由题干中的关键词the real McNay museum可定位到第六段。根据“换景5”可知，作者和朋友来到真正的McNay博物馆，但是她们一直觉得紧张，害怕又出现先前那种不同寻常的事，由此推断，作者不是重点描述McNay博物馆，而是描述这次突发事件带来的影响。‎ ‎45.What could we learn from ？‎ A.People should have good taste to enjoy life.‎ B.People should spend more time with their family.‎ C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.‎ D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.‎ ‎45.由题干中的关键词定位到最后一段，从“换景7”中那位女士的话“在你造访之前，我从未意识到我住的是个多么美丽的地方”可推知，人们往往对自己身边的美丽视而不见。‎ ‎[答案]　41.A　42.D　43.A　44.D　45.C