南通市通州区 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解选编题 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 南通市通州区 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解选编题 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Certain microorganisms(微生物)cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release(释放)poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared.For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces.Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms.People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied. 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Food when poisoned can make people sick. B．Food poisoning means death. C．Food poisoning comes in varieties. D．Food poisoning can be serious. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning________ . A．are always accompanied by a fever B．are too common to be noted C．can be noticed within hours D．can he ignored 3. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT________. A．some chemicals B．low temperatures C．some tiny living things D．certain natural materials 4. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that________ . A．mushrooms should not be eaten B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals D．different types of food should be handled differently [解题导语] 本文主要讲述了几种食物中毒的表现，如何避免食物中毒的一些注意事项以及食物中毒 后的一些处理方法。 1．解析： 选 B。细节理解题。由第一段第三句 Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知 B 项内容描述错误。食物中毒不一定就意味着死亡。 2．解析：选 C。细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句 The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知 C 项正确。由第一段最后一句 Fever is one of the most common symptoms.可知 A 项错误；由第一段第二句可知食物中毒的人会生病，故 B、D 两项错误。 3．解析：选 B。细节理解题。由第三段第一句、第二段第三句和第五段倒数第二句可知 A、C、D 三项 内容正确。而由第五段中 Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. 可知，B 项中的 low temperatures 不会导致食物中毒。 4．解析：选 D。推理判断题。本段讲述了如何处理不同类型的食物中毒的情况。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading, our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction. With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us, but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement. One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences, but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place, a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way; no airship or ocean liner or stream-lined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains, brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert, all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood; we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards; we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture, the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read. 16. Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading? A. No one has come to disturb you. B. Everything is so quiet and calm around you. C. The book you are reading is so interesting and attractive. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 D. Your book is overdue; you are finishing it at a very fast speed. 17. How would you account for the fact that people like their acquaintances in books even more? A. They resemble human friends exactly. B. They are unfamiliar types we like. C. They never desert us. D. They never hurt our feelings. 18. Which of the following is true? A. Your wish to visit some far-off place can be realized through the pages of the books. B. To escape from the dull realities of everyday life you should take up reading. C. Books can always help you to live a colorful life. D. You may obtain valuable experience from reading good books. 19. The word “weary” means ______. A. “to attract someone’s attention” B. “to distract someone’s attention” C. “to make someone very tired” D. “to make someone interested” 20. “... the whole world is ours for the asking” implies that ____________. A. in books the world is more accessible to us B. we can ask to go anywhere in the world C. we can make a claim to everything in this world D. we can make a round-the-world trip free of charge [全解全析] 本书主要讲读好书的益处。 C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句(absorb our attention completely)可知。 C 推理判断题。由第二段第五、六和七句可知。 D 细节理解题。由第二段第八句One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience.可 知。 C 猜测词义题。由两个分句的转折关系可知never weary应与bore反义，即weary与bore同义，都是“使人 疲倦/厌烦”之意。 A 推理判断题。由该句所处的语境可推知。 【四川省 2014“联测促改”活动模拟试题】B 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答落卡上将该项涂黑。 An angler (垂钓者)got the shock of his life when his prize catch turned out to be a crocodile. Alan_Prangncl], 64, was reportedly fishing in the 22-acre lake near Ringwood when he felt a sharp tugand started to reel the heavy but unknown fish in. But, according to the Southern Daily Echo, when the end of the line appeared, the angler claimed it was actually a two-foot long crocodile. Alan, who has been fishing since lie was six years old, told the paper: "When it appeared I saw it was acrocodile about two feet long. It was underneath where I was sitting on my box on the water and just lay by the side of my fact for about eight seconds. Then it shot back into the lake. "It opened its mouth and let out the fish-or what was left of it. It had cut it in half and there was just its head and pan of the body. “I was in disbelief-I had -o justify in my mind what I had just seen." the NHS worker reportelly thirks the crocodile was dropped in after its owner found it too big to deal with He added: "1'vc been fishing in that lake for six years and for the club since 1963, so I know everything about the lake. "I'm the person who saw it and I've nothing to gain by lying abut it”. Fishing club officials and Mr PrangneLl have refused to disclose the exact location of the Hampshire lake for fear of large groups pouring in. 36. What does the underlined "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. The crocodile. B. The fish. C. The lake. D. The box. 37. What is Alan Prangrell? A. A worker. B. A man living on fishing. C. A fishing club official. D. A reporter of the Southern Daily Echo. 38. What can be infix-red from the underlined sentence? A. Some people didn't believe Prangmcll's story. B. Some other people also saw the crocodile. C. Prangnell was believed to have got a prize for the crocodile. D. Pranenell was very disappointed as he had not got the crocodile. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 【参考答案】35、D BAA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own — their stocks, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings. Income in the United States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917 the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States. The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal government’s poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a non-farm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11 200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor. 1. What do the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth? A. Their income and savings. B. Everything they own in their homes. C. Actually, they have no wealth at all. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 D. Their house, cars and small amounts of savings. 2. What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans? A. More than 25%. B. Less than 25%. C. More than 75%. D. Less than 20%. 3. Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth? A. Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917. B. Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor. C. Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest 10% of American families. D. Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War. 4. What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph? A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981. B. The 1981 line didn’t leave much to the poor. C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line. D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line. 5. From the last two sentences we can see that 1981 government’s poverty line _______. A. was of no good for the poor B. was not put into operation then C. was officially approved D. was not helpful to the poor [全解全析] DBACB 本文分析了美国财富的分配状况及其存在的问题。 D。细节题。根据文章第 1 段最后一句 …most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings 可推知此题答案为 D。 B。推断题。根据文章第 1 段倒数第 2 句 …more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults 可推知此题答案为 B。 A。推断题。根据文章第 2 段第 2 句 The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II 可推知此题答案为 A。 C。推断题。文章最后一段说：1981 年与 1918 年所统计的贫困户的数量的比较。由此可知此题答案为 C。 B。推断题。根据文倒数第 2 句的虚拟语气可推知此题答案为 B。