2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero单元学案设计 22页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero单元学案设计 识记词汇 ‎1.Match the words and phrases.‎ A.words(词汇连线)‎ ‎1)sentence ‎2)relative ‎3)blanket ‎4)equal ‎5)vote ‎6)legal ‎7)lawyer ‎8)found ‎9)generous ‎10)active 1)平等的;相等的 ‎2)投票(决定);选举 ‎3)判决 ‎4)活跃的 ‎5)律师 ‎6)慷慨的 ‎7)毯子 ‎8)亲戚 ‎9)合法的 ‎10)建立 B.phrases(短语连线)‎ ‎1)求助于 ‎2)被判处 ‎3)失业 ‎4)建立 ‎5)丧失信心 1)be sentenced to ‎2)set up ‎3)lose heart ‎4)turn to ‎5)out of work ‎2.根据释义写出单词。‎ ‎1)　　　 help and advice given to someone ‎ ‎2)　　　 showing great love for sb.or sth. ‎ ‎3)　　　 unkind;ungenerous ‎ ‎4)　　　 a time or state that sth.reaches as it grows ‎ ‎5)　　　 basic general truth ‎ ‎6)　　　 period of being young ‎ ‎7)　　　 group of people organized for a special purpose ‎ ‎8)　　　 a thing that is part of a person’s character,esp.sth.good ‎ ‎9)　　　 violent behaviour that is intended to hurt or kill sb. ‎ ‎10)　　　 use violence to try to hurt or kill sb. ‎ 精讲词汇 ‎1.devote vt.献身,专心于 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)She 　　　　　　　　　　 her children. ‎ 她深爱着她的孩子。‎ ‎2)We should 　　　 all our efforts 　　　 our work. ‎ 我们应该全身心地工作。‎ ‎3)He 　　　　　　　　 his job. ‎ 他致力于他的工作。‎ ‎4)Her life 　　　　　　　　 caring for the sick and needy. ‎ 她的一生都致力于照顾病人和穷人。‎ ‎ devote oneself/one’s energy/one’s time to (doing)sth. ‎ be devoted to (doing)sth. ‎ ‎2.equal adj.相同的;平等的 vt.等于,比得上 n.同等/相等的人或物 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)He asked us to cut the apple into three 　　　 pieces.他让我们把苹果切成三等份。 ‎ ‎2)None of us can 　　　 her in intelligence.我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她。 ‎ ‎3)　　　 you 　　　　　　　 the work? 你能胜任这项工作吗? ‎ ‎4)Yao Ming is a basketball player 　　　 in China.在中国,姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。 ‎ ‎ be equal to sth./doing sth. ‎ without equal ‎ have no equal ‎ ‎3.reward n.报答;酬金vt.酬谢,奖赏 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)It’s 　　　　　　 virtue.那是对美德的回报。 ‎ ‎2)It is unfair that he gets very little 　　　　　　 his hard work.他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平。 ‎ ‎3)How can I 　　　 your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢? ‎ ‎4)Jim 　　　 the boy 　　　 a pound 　　　 bringing back the lost dog. ‎ Jim gave the boy a pound 　　　　　　　　 bringing back his lost dog. ‎ 男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来,为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑。 ‎ ‎ as a reward (for) ‎ in reward for ‎ reward sb.(with ...)for ... ‎ ‎4.escape v. 逃脱;逃走;避开 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1) She managed to 　　　　　　 the burning car.她终于从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。 ‎ ‎2) He was lucky to 　　　 punishment/being punished.他逃脱了惩罚真是幸运。 ‎ ‎3) The bird 　　　　　　　　　　.这只小鸟差一点被击中。 ‎ ‎ escape from... ‎ escape death/punishment ‎ narrowly escape being done ‎ ‎ ‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.Nelson Mandela was regarded as one of the best l of the black people.‎ ‎2.I think you must solve your problem in a p　　　　 way.Fighting can’t solve any problem. ‎ ‎3.You must try to improve the q　　　　 of all your products. ‎ ‎4.Nobody forced me to do it;I was w　　　　 to do it. ‎ ‎5.The actress is in poor health and has to leave the s　　　　 soon. ‎ ‎6.A middle-aged woman killed her husband,which showed her　　　　 (残忍). ‎ ‎7.You must be　　　　 (积极的)in all kinds of sports to keep healthy. ‎ ‎8.He managed to 　　　　(逃离)from prison. ‎ ‎9.Don’t you think fighting is a serious act of　　　　 (暴力)? ‎ ‎10.Since he was better　　　　 (受过教育的),he got a job in an office. ‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.She is having a lot of trouble with the new computer,but she doesn’t know whom to 　　　. ‎ ‎　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　‎ A.turn to B.look for C.deal with D.talk about ‎2.Fitness is important in sport,but of at least 　　　 importance are skills. ‎ A.fair B.reasonable C.equal D.proper ‎3.For all these years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll 　　　 my own business someday. ‎ A.turn up B.fix up C.set up D.make up ‎4.Her son,to whom she was so　　　,went abroad ten years ago. ‎ A.loved B.cared C.devoted D.affected ‎5.Yesterday we　　　 Mr.Zhang the best teacher in our school. ‎ A.shouted B.refused C.agreed D.voted ‎6.I don’t think he is equal 　　　 this kind of work,so I can’t hire him. ‎ A.in doing B.doing C.to do D.to doing ‎7.Mike often attempts to escape 　　　 whenever he breaks traffic regulations. ‎ A.having been fined B.to have been fined C.to be fined D.being fined ‎8.Tom’s father made a promise that he would give him a(n)　　　if he passed the college entrance examination. ‎ A.award B.prize C.reward D.profit ‎9.Most of the audience had a high 　　　 of the performance of our footballers in the match against Iran. ‎ A.idea B.sense C.opinion D.thought ‎10.Mike,I really appreciate your 　　　,without which I would have failed the ‎ interview. ‎ A.view B.mind C.opinion D.advice Ⅲ.短文填空 What 　　　 (品质)does a great person have? Take Nelson Mandela for an example.He fought for black people and 　　　 (被关进)prison for almost thirty years.He never 　　　(丧失信心)when he was 　　　(有困难).He gave up a rich life as a 　　　 (律师)and offered 　　　(指导)to poor black people on their 　　　 (法律的)problems.In the beginning,he and his 　　　(同盟)fought for his ideas and country in a 　　　(和平的)way.Mandela was also 　　　(乐意的)to help others in need.He helped a man called Elias who would become 　　　(失业)without his help.In Robbern Island prison from which no one could 　　　(逃脱),Mr.Mandela ran a school for those who had little learning.Since they were better 　　　(受教育的),many of them got a job working in an office after they were set free.In 1994 ANC which was 　　　(建立)by Mandela 　　　(掌权).It was a 　　　 (回报)for his lasting and selfless struggle all his life. ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 识记词汇 ‎2.1)guidance　2)devoted　3)mean/selfish　4)stage　5)principle　6)youth　7)league ‎8)quality　9)violence　10)attack 精讲词汇 ‎1.1)is devoted to　2)devote;to　3)is devoted to　4)is devoted to 奉献自己/精力/时间于某事;致力于某事/深爱着……‎ ‎2.1)equal　2)equal　3)Are;equal to (doing)　4)without equal 胜任某事/ 做某事;无与伦比/无敌;无与伦比/无敌 ‎3.1)a reward for　2)in reward for　3)reward　4)rewarded;with;for;as a reward for ‎ 作为……的报酬(或奖赏);为酬答……;作为……的奖励;为某事(而以……)报答……‎ ‎4.1)escape from　2)escape　3)narrowly escaped being shot 从……逃走;死里逃生/逃避惩罚;差一点被……‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.lawyers　2.peaceful　3.quality　4.willing　5.stage　6.cruelty　7.active　8.escape　9.violence　10.educated Ⅱ.1~5.ACCCD　6~10.DDCCD Ⅲ.quality;thrown into;lost heart;in trouble;lawyer;guidance;legal;colleagues;peaceful;willing;out of work;escape;educated;founded;came to power;reward 自主预习 A great person is someone who devotes his /her life to helping others.Read the information about the famous people on page 33 and discuss if they were/ are great men.Give your reasons.‎ 思考导引 ‎ ‎ 钟声响起归家的讯号 在他生命里 仿佛带点唏嘘 黑色肌肤给他的意义 是一生奉献肤色斗争中 年月把拥有变做失去 疲倦的双眼带着期望 今天只有残留的躯壳 迎接光辉岁月 风雨中抱紧自由 一生经过彷徨的挣扎 自信可改变未来 Can you guess who this song is about? ‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Skimming A.Read the passage fast,and find out the relationship between Mandela and Elias.‎ What’s the relationship between them?‎ A.Strangers.　　　　　　　　　B.Helper and supporter.‎ C.Father and son. D.Teacher and student.‎ B.Read the passage fast again and decide whether these statements are true or false.‎ ‎1)Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.(　　)‎ ‎2)Elias left school because the school was too far from his home.(　　)‎ ‎3)Nelson Mandela helped him keep his job.(　　)‎ ‎4)Elias trusted Mandela and he joined the ANC Youth League.(　　)‎ ‎5)Elias was willing to blow up some government buildings.(　　)‎ ‎6)Nelson Mandela thought violence was a good way to help black people.(　　)‎ ‎2.Scanning A.Read through Para.1 carefully and then complete the chart.‎ ‎ Job Time What How Elias ‎ Nelson Mandela ‎ B.Read through Para.2 carefully and answer the two questions:‎ ‎1)Why did Elias leave school so early?‎ A.Because he was a black man.‎ B.Because he didn’t study hard when he was in school.‎ C.Because his school was too far to go.‎ D.Because his family could not afford the school fees and the bus fare.‎ ‎2)What problem did Elias have to keep his job?‎ C.Read through Para graphs 3~5 carefully and answer the following questions:‎ ‎1)How did Nelson Mandela help Elias? ‎ Mandela told him how to get 　　　 so that he could stay in Johannesburg and therefore he became more 　　　 about his future. ‎ ‎2)How did Elias support Mandela?‎ He joined 　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ He helped Mandela　　　 　　　 some government buildings. ‎ ‎3)What problems did the black people like Elias have at that time?‎ They could not 　　　　　 . ‎ They couldn’t get 　　　　　　 they wanted. ‎ They had to live in 　　　　　　. ‎ ‎4)Why did Elias support violence when he did not like it?‎ Because he knew it would help　. ‎ D.A timeline of Elias’ life A timeline of Elias’ life ‎1940　　　　 ‎ ‎1946　　　　 ‎ ‎1948　　　　 ‎ ‎1952　　　　 ‎ ‎1963　　　　 ‎ ‎3.Consolidation About Elias 1)He was only in school for　　　years and left school because his family couldn’t continue to pay　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　. ‎ ‎ 2)He didn’t have a(n)　　　 in Johannesburg and was afraid of 　　　 his job. ‎ ‎ 3)He　　　 Mandela for help and later joined the 　　　. ‎ ‎ 4)He helped Mandela to 　　　 some government 　　　 to help achieve their dream. ‎ About Nelson Mandela 5)He used to be a(n)　　　who gave help to 　　　 on their　　　. ‎ ‎ 6)He set up the ANC Youth League and called on the black to fight for equal rights in a 　　　 way.Only when this was not allowed did they decide to answer　　　　　　. ‎ About the black 7)They had almost no 　　　 at all. ‎ ‎ 8)They couldn’t　　　 or choose　　　. ‎ ‎ 9)They could not get 　　　they wanted and were sent to live in 　　　 of South Africa. ‎ 课后提升 ‎1.句型转换 It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.‎ It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer　. ‎ 句意: ‎ 译: 曼德拉是唯一我可以求助的人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.‎ 句意: ‎ ‎1)be generous with　 ‎ 译:他花钱很大方。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)be grateful (to sb.)for sth.　　 ‎ 对您给予的礼物,我们不胜感激。‎ We 　　　　　　　　 your gifts. ‎ ‎3)for which I was grateful which指的是 ‎ ‎【高考链接】‎ ‎(1)(2013•安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, 　　　 made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.it B.that C.what D.which ‎(2)(2007•辽宁高考)Eric received training in computer for one year,　　　 he found a job in a big company. ‎ A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this ‎3.When this was not allowed, ...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.‎ 而当这种方式也得不到允许时,……直到那时, 我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ ‎★本句中的only then置于句首,引起的句子要用　　　　　　形式。 ‎ 该句的正常语序是:...we decided to answer violence with violence only then。‎ 在英语句子中,为了表强调,把“only+状语(副词、介词短语、从句)”置于句首,主句要用部分倒装形式,即把原句中的　　　、　　　或　　　提到主语前面。 ‎ 完成句子 ‎1)Only with all your time and energy 　　　 do this job well. ‎ 只有用上你全部的时间和精力,你才能把这项工作做好。‎ ‎2)Only when he is seriously ill 　　　 in bed. ‎ 他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息。‎ ‎3)Only recently 　　　 thought of them. ‎ 只是最近我才想起他们。‎ ‎4)Only in this way 　　　 to make improvement in the education system. ‎ A.you can hope B.you did hope C.did you hope D.can you hope 参考答案 ‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Skimming:A.B　B.1)T　2)F　3)T　4)T　5)F　6)F ‎2.Scanning:A.a black worker;a black lawyer;in 1952;went for advice;offered guidance on legal problems;be grateful for;be generous with B.1)D　2)He had to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.But he didn’t have it because he was not born there.Therefore,he worried about whether he would become out of work.‎ C.1)the correct papers;hopeful　2)the ANC Youth League;blow up　3)vote;the jobs;the poorest parts　4)achieve their dream of making black and white people equal ‎ D.Elias was born.;Elias began school.;Elias left school.;Elias was 12 and met Mandela.;Elias helped Mandela blow up some government buildings.‎ ‎3.Consolidation:1)two;the school fees;the bus fare;2)passbook to live;losing;3)turned to;ANC Youth League;4)blow up;buildings;5)black lawyer;poor black people;legal ‎ problems;6)peaceful;violence with violence;7)rights;8)vote;their leaders;9)the jobs;the poorest areas 课后提升 ‎1.whom/who/that I went to for advice 那是在1952年,曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。‎ Mandela was the only person to whom I could turn for help./Mandela was the only person whom/who/that I could turn to for help.‎ ‎2.他十分慷慨地给予我时间,我为此非常感激。‎ ‎1)对……大方,慷慨;He is generous with his money.‎ ‎2)因某事对某人心存感激;are grateful to you for ‎ ‎3)he was generous with his time　(1)D　(2)B ‎3.部分倒装;助动词;be动词;情态动词 ‎1)can you　2)will he stay　3)have I　4)D Step 1　Phrases ‎1.As a matter of fact,I do not like violence...but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.事实上,我并不喜欢暴力,……但是在1963年的时候,我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)My father blew up when I didn’t come home last night.我昨晚没回家,父亲大发雷霆。‎ ‎2)Stop at the gas station and we’ll blow up the tyres.在加油站停一下,我们要给轮胎打气。‎ ‎ blow up vi. 　　　　　　 ‎ ‎ vt. 　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ Complete the following sentences.‎ ‎1)A police officer was killed when his car 　　　. ‎ ‎2)I have to stop at the gas station to 　　　 my front tyres. ‎ ‎3)I really 　　　 when I learned my son lied to me. ‎ ‎2.Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.遇到困难时,伊莱亚斯去找曼德拉。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)Please telephone us when you are in trouble.‎ 遇到困难时就给我们打电话。‎ ‎2)We had no trouble (in) finding his office. ‎ 我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。‎ ‎3)He took the trouble to show me the way to the station.‎ 他不嫌麻烦地为我指出了去火车站的路。‎ ‎4) He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving.‎ 他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车的发车时间。‎ ‎5)I don’t like giving trouble to people I don’t know.‎ 我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。‎ ‎ in trouble 　　 ‎ have trouble (in)doing sth.　　 ‎ take (the)trouble to do sth.在这一结构中,其中的冠词用不用均可,但含义稍有不同:用冠词,表示　　　;不用冠词,表示　　　。 ‎ go to (the)trouble to do/of doing sth.　　 ‎ give trouble to sb.　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ Complete the following sentences.‎ ‎1)He never comes except when he is　　　 (有麻烦). ‎ ‎2)The teacher 　　　 (费尽心血)explain the difficult question to us. ‎ ‎3)The boy is 　　　(有困难)getting along with his stepmother. ‎ ‎3.Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 曼德拉为什么付诸于武力去实现使黑人白人平等的理想?‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)Nobody will turn against his country.没有人会背叛自己的国家。‎ ‎2)Please turn down the television.请把电视机的音量调小点儿。‎ ‎3)He turned down my suggestion without hesitation.他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我的建议。‎ ‎4)The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman.那个孩子捡到了一个钱包,然后把它交给了警察。‎ ‎5)The farmers are turning waste land into rich fields.农民们正把荒地变成肥沃的田地。‎ ‎6)Don’t forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed.在你上床之前,不要忘记把所有的灯都关上。‎ ‎7)The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang.当电话铃响的时候,那个人翻了个身,又睡着了。‎ ‎ turn to 　　 ‎ turn against 　　 ‎ turn down 　　 ‎ turn in 　　 ‎ turn ...into ...　　 ‎ turn off 　　 ‎ turn on 　　 ‎ turn over 　　 ‎ in turn 　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)In the new city there wasn’t a single person　　　 the poor boy could turn for help. ‎ A.that　　　　　　‎ B.who C.from whom ‎ D.to whom ‎2)用适当介词填空。‎ ‎(1)Nothing could make the brave man turn 　　　 his motherland. ‎ ‎(2)Don’t rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus 　　　 turn. ‎ ‎(3)He asked his teacher to give him the chance once more but his teacher turned him 　　　. ‎ ‎(4)Be sure to turn the lights 　　　 when you leave the classroom. ‎ ‎4.The scientist from whom I learned a lot never lose heart when he was in trouble.给了我很多启发的科学家在有困难时从不会丧失信心。‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)He failed many times,but he didn’t lose heart.他失败了许多次,但他并没有失去信心。‎ ‎2)He lost his heart to her the first time he saw her.他第一次见到她就爱上了她。‎ ‎ lose heart 　　 ‎ lose one’s heart to sb.= 　　　, 意为:　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)不要失去信心,一切都会好起来的。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。‎ ‎ ‎ Step 2　Sentence structures we are going to learn ‎1.“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利,阻挡我们的进步,一直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)The city has seen many changes.城市历经了许多变化。‎ ‎2)The following year saw the death of both his sisters.第二年他的两个姊妹都死了。‎ ‎3)They came to the corner which had seen many accidents.他们来到了那个发生过许多次事故的拐角处。‎ ‎ see,find,witness等词的主语可用　　　作,以拟人手法增添语言色彩,see可译为“　　　”。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ The year 1949 　　　 the founding of the People’s Republic of China. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　‎ A.saw B.watched C.observed D.noticed ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)At that time we had reached a stage where we had more black readers than white ones.那时候我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段。‎ ‎2)Increasing poverty has led to a situation where the poorest openly admit that they cannot afford to have children.日益严重的贫困处境使得最为贫穷的人们只得公开承认他们养不起孩子。‎ ‎3)He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control of the plane.他使自己陷入可能对飞机失去控制的危险境地。‎ ‎ 在定语从句中,当先行词是stage,point,spot,position,situation,case,method等,并且它们在从句中充当状语时,引导词用　　　或　　　. ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I think you’ve got to the point 　　　 a change is needed,otherwise you’ll fall. ‎ A.when B.that C.where D.which ‎2)I can think of many cases 　　　 students obviously know a lot of English words and expressions but can’t write a good essay. ‎ A.why B.which C.as D.where ‎3)We’re just trying to reach a point 　　　 both sides will sit down together and talk. ‎ A.where B.that C.when D.which ‎2....only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到那个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)Only then did she realize she had made mistakes.直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。 ‎ ‎2)Only when he came back did I go to bed.当他回来的时候,我才上床睡觉。‎ ‎3)Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。‎ ‎4)Only recently have I thought of them.直到最近我才想起他们。‎ ‎ only 修饰状语(副词,介词短语,从句等)放在句首时,主句要用　　　。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I failed in the final examination last term and only then 　　　 the importance of studies. ‎ A.I realized B.I had realized C.have I realized D.did I realize ‎2)翻译以下句子。‎ ‎(1)只有战争结束时他才能够回到家里。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)只有用这种办法你才能解决这个问题。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)只有当他回来时我们才能知道秘密。‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ Step 1‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】爆炸,大发雷霆;炸毁,给……充气 ‎【尝试运用】1)blew up　2)blow up　3)blew up ‎2.【归纳总结】处于困境中;做某事有困难;不怕费事或不怕麻烦做某事;尽心尽力或费尽心血做某事;不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事;麻烦某人,打扰某人 ‎【尝试运用】1)in trouble　2)took trouble to　3)having trouble ‎3.【归纳总结】求助于;背叛;(音量)关小,拒绝;上交;(使……)成为……;关掉(水源、 煤气、 电灯等);打开(水、 煤气、 电灯、无线电等);(使)打翻/翻身/翻动;轮流 ‎【尝试运用】 1)D　2)(1)against　(2)in　(3)down　(4)off ‎4.【归纳总结】丧失信心;fall in love with sb爱上某人 ‎【尝试运用】 1)Don’t lose heart,all will turn out fine.‎ ‎2)She lost her heart to a young soldier.‎ Step 2‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】 时间或地点名词;(在某段时期)发生(某情况),经历,经受 ‎【尝试运用】A ‎【归纳总结】where;介词+which ‎【尝试运用】1)C　2)D　3)A ‎2.【归纳总结】部分倒装 ‎【尝试运用】1)D ‎2)(1)Only when the war was over was he able to return home.‎ ‎(2)Only in this way can you solve the problem.‎ ‎(3)Only when he comes back can we know the secret.‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.找出下列句子的先行词和关系副词。‎ ‎1.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.‎ ‎2.However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.‎ ‎3.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.‎ ‎4.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.‎ Ⅱ.Conclusion of the rules 关系副词或介 词+关系代词 表示 在从句中充当的成分 When　/in /during...+which ‎ Where　/at +which ‎ Why　　　+which ‎ Ⅲ.Consolidation ‎1.Fill in the blanks.‎ I recently went to the town 　　　 I was born.The reason 　　　Jack didn’t come was that he missed the train.I will never forget the time 　　　we had fun with each other in the town. ‎ ‎2.A Game. ‎ Making sentences according to the words and phrases on the paper using “when,where,why”.‎ Beijing,Olympic Games;‎ Octerber 1,1949,the People’s Republic of China;‎ ‎×× high school,study;‎ absent,sick;April Fool’s Day,play jokes on ...‎ e.g.Beijing is a beautiful city where the Olympic Games took place in 2008.‎ 拓展 Ⅰ.Read these sentences.Pay special attention to the prepositions and relative pronouns.‎ ‎1.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.‎ ‎2.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.‎ ‎3.He was the man on whom you can depend.‎ ‎4.This is the factory in which he works.‎ ‎5.He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten.‎ ‎= He has written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten.‎ ‎6.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ ‎7.We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.‎ ‎8.The way /that/in which(省略) you talked to your teacher was impolite.‎ Conclusion:‎ ‎1.sentences (1)(2)(3)(4)(5):‎ 介词+关系代词(　　　指物/　　　指人) ‎ 如何选择介词:‎ 根据句意 根据与从句中　　　或形容词搭配。 ‎ 根据先行词 表所属关系时用介词　　　。 ‎ ‎2.sentences (6)(7):表示抽象空间概念的名词作先行词。‎ 如　　　,　　　,case,situation后常用where或　　　. ‎ ‎3.sentences(8):the way 作先行词时,表示“……的方式/方法”,在从句中作状语,引导词常用　　　,　　　或省略。 ‎ Ⅱ.Consolidation.‎ A.Fill in the blanks,using prepositions plus relative pronouns.‎ ‎1.We are looking for the person　　　 the wallet belongs. ‎ ‎2.18 is the youngest age 　　　a person can be employed. ‎ ‎3.He referred me to some books 　　　I am not very familiar. ‎ ‎4.I visited a scientist the name 　　　is John Smith. ‎ ‎5.I like the way　　　 you’ve done your hair. ‎ ‎6.It’s helpful to put children in a situation 　　　 they can see themselves differently. ‎ B.Choose the correct answer.‎ ‎1.from which/on which/for which/about which Do you like the book 　　　 she spent $10? ‎ Do you like the book 　　　 she paid $10? ‎ Do you like the book 　　　 she learned a lot? ‎ Do you like the book 　　　 she often talks? ‎ ‎2.of which/on which/for which/in which This is the school 　　　I studied for 3 years. ‎ I will never forget the day 　　　my father bought me a cell phone. ‎ I agree with the idea 　　　you approve. ‎ Please give me the reason 　　　you were late again. ‎ C.Which one to choose?‎ ‎1.when/which She will remember the days　　　 they lived in Beijing. ‎ She will remember the days 　　　they spent in Beijing. ‎ ‎2.where/which This is the factory 　　　I visited last year. ‎ This is the factory 　　　I worked last year. ‎ ‎3.which/that We first broke the law in a way 　　　was peaceful. ‎ I don’t like the way 　　　 you spoke to your mother. ‎ Tips:看关系词在从句中充当什么成分。‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.Combine the sentences.‎ ‎1.The scientist went abroad last year.My father once worked with him in Beijing.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.I will show you to a shop.You can buy what you need there.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.I am going to town on Friday.I will meet my uncle on Friday.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.He refused to tell me the reason.He quarreled with Jack this afternoon for this reason.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅱ.Multiple choice.‎ ‎1.—Is that the reason 　　　 you refused the plan? ‎ ‎—That is true.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.what B.which C.for that D.why ‎2.There was not any person in the dark street at that time 　　　 she could turn for help. ‎ A.when B.in which C.whom D.to whom ‎3.Tom,I think we’d better bring a map　　　 we will lose our way. ‎ A.which B.without which C.that D.of which ‎4.The gentleman 　　　 you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. ‎ A.who B.whom C.about whom D.with whom ‎5.The prize will go to the writer the story　　　 shows the most imagination. ‎ A.in which B.at which C.of whom D.for whom ‎6.It was in Beihai Park 　　　 they met each other for the first time 　　　 the old couple told us their love story. ‎ A.that;that B.where;when C.that;when D.where;that ‎7.This is the book I bought yesterday,　　　 I spent 8 yuan. ‎ A.on which B.for which C.in which D.at which ‎8.I don’t like the way 　　　 he spoke to me. ‎ A.by that B.what C.by which D./‎ ‎9.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,　　　 was very high. ‎ A.which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose Ⅲ.Translate the short passage.After that,try to write one about a dream,a family,a ‎ teacher,etc using some attributive clauses.‎ A friend A friend is not just someone to whom you say “Hello”.A friend is a shoulder on which you can cry on.A friend is a well into which you can pour all your troubles down.A friend is a hand which pulls you up from darkness.A true friend is a voice which keeps your name alive.But most of all a friend is a heart from which comes the greatest love.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ 感受新知 Ⅱ.‎ 关系副词或介 词+关系代词 表示 在从句中充当的成分 when on/in /during...+which 时间 状语 where in/at +which 地点 状语 why for+which 原因 状语 Ⅲ.1.in which (where);for which (why);in which (when)‎ 拓展 Ⅰ.1.which;whom;动词;of　2.stage;position;in which　3.in which that Ⅱ.A.1.to whom　2.at which　3.with which　4.of whom　5.in which　6.in which B.1.on which;for which;from which;about which ‎ ‎2.in which;on which;of which;for which C.1.when;which　2.which;where　3.which;that ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.The scientist with whom my father once worked in Beijing went abroad last year.‎ ‎2.I will show you to a shop where you can buy what you need.‎ ‎3.I am going to town on Friday when I will meet my uncle.‎ ‎4.He refused to tell me the reason for which he quarreled with Jack this afternoon.‎ Ⅱ.1~5.DDBCC　6~9.DADB Ⅲ.朋友,不仅仅是一个见了面说声“你好”的人。朋友,是你能依偎着轻轻哭泣的肩膀。朋友,是容纳你所有烦恼的一口深井。朋友,是把你从黑暗中救出来的一只手。真正的朋友是一个永远回荡着你的名字的声音。最重要的是,朋友是一颗心,让我们拥有伟大的爱。‎ 链接高考试题 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for ‎ Western creative.‎ ‎“It’s no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.‎ Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.‎ ‎“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.‎ For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”‎ ‎24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? ‎ A. It promoted the sales of artworks. ‎ B. It attracted a large number of visitors.‎ C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. ‎ D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.‎ ‎25. What does Hill say about Chinese women? ‎ A. They are setting the fashion. ‎ B. They start many fashion campaigns.‎ C. They admire super models. ‎ D. They do business all over the world.‎ ‎26. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against ‎27. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends C Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money,‎ ‎ but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.‎ The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper” — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.‎ This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible (but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny — usually two or three cents was charged — and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.‎ This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.‎ ‎28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?‎ A. Academic. B. Unattractive. ‎ C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential.‎ ‎29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?‎ A. They would be priced higher.‎ B. They would disappear from cities.‎ C. They could have more readers.‎ D. They could regain public trust.‎ ‎30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?‎ A. Local politicians. B. Common people.‎ C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.‎ ‎31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?‎ A. It was a difficult process. ‎ B. It was a temporary success.‎ C. It was a robbery of the poor. ‎ D. It was a disaster for printers.‎ D Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.‎ A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined — or added — the symbols to get the reward.‎ Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch ‎ screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers — 17 in this example.‎ After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.‎ When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate (低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value — sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction (小部分) of the smaller number to it.‎ ‎“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains,” Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”‎ ‎32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?‎ A. They fed them. B. They named them.‎ C. They trained them. D. They measured them.‎ ‎33 . How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?‎ A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen.‎ C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks.‎ ‎34. What did Livingstone’s team find about the monkeys?‎ A. They could perform basic addition.‎ B. They could understand simple words.‎ C. They could memorize numbers easily.‎ D. They could hold their attention for long.‎ ‎35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? ‎ A. Entertainment. B. Health.‎ C. Education. D. Science.‎ 第二节 （共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.‎ Do’s ‎• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.‎ ‎•Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for ‎ dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.‎ Don’ts ‎•Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 ‎ ‎•Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.‎ A. That’s what they are for.‎ B. Turn to an online instructor for help.‎ C. If more information is needed, they will ask.‎ D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.‎ E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.‎ F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.‎ G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March – 41 six months out of the year.‎ ‎“Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker – it’s like on a 44 day.”‎ But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents (居民) of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam (束) of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the 1ight 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.‎ ‎“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents.‎ ‎“It’s not very 59 ,” she says, “but it is enough when we are 60 .”‎ ‎41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely ‎42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice ‎43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide ‎44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm ‎45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered ‎46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras ‎47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined ‎48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use ‎49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows ‎50. A. day B. night C. month D. year ‎51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street ‎52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped ‎53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting ‎54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold ‎55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent ‎56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store ‎57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly ‎58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved ‎59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy ‎60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.‎ We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.‎ When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the ‎ stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 时间；‎ ‎2. 活动安排；‎ ‎3. 欢迎他表演节目。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语试题参考答案 第一部分 听力 ‎1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C ‎6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C ‎11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B ‎16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A 第二部分 阅读理解 ‎21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A ‎26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B ‎31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D ‎36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F 第三部分 语言知识运用 ‎41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B ‎46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A ‎51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B ‎56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D ‎61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended ‎66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely ‎ ‎69. were invited 70. listening 第四部分 写作 第一节 I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may ‎ open appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a ‎ requires ordinary very special one. I want my cafe∧ have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. In the cafe, ‎ to customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I ‎ themselves that/which succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes ‎ managing in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.‎ cities a ‎ ‎ 第二节（略）‎