2020届高考英语外研版大一轮复习课后达标检测：必修4Module1 7页

‎(建议用时：30分钟)‎ 阅读理解 A ‎ (2019·广州调研测试)Petrol and diesel cars may still dominate our roads，but their days are numbered. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 per cent of daily car journeys in the U．S. That figure could rise to 98 per cent by 2020.‎ One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems，the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said，charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the U．S.A.‎ Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed quite considerably over the last few years. Not that long ago，electric cars were met with distrust，and their large price tags drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity，recharging times，performance and price，the current generation of electric cars is starting to persuade critics. Plugin cars will soon give internal combustion engine models a run for their money.‎ As well as advancements on the road，electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel，having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrolpowered outboard motors took over. Now，the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made，with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.‎ Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions. Were the U．S. to act on the study’s findings and replace 87 per cent of its cars with electric vehicles，it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 per cent. However，because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles，they cannot claim to be completely emissionfree. That said，as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources，electric vehicles will become even cleaner.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油车和柴油车将逐步被电动汽车代替以及电动交通工具在未来的发展。‎ ‎1．Which is the best title for this passage?‎ A．My Dream Car B．History of Electric Cars C．Problems with Petrol Cars D．Driving into the Future D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了汽油车和柴油车将逐步被电动汽车代替以及电动交通工具在未来的发展。D项“驶向未来”形象地概括了文章的主旨，故选D项。‎ ‎2．As used in Paragraph 2，the underlined word “hurdle” means “ ”．‎ A．aim　　　　　　　　　 B．barrier C．consequence D．step B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey”可知，司机担心在路上没电的问题。因此，这是电动汽车普及的一个障碍，故选B项。‎ ‎3．In the past，why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars?‎ A．They were not good value.‎ B．They were very poorly made.‎ C．They were not widely promoted.‎ D．They couldn’t travel at a high speed.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Not that long ago，electric cars were met with distrust，and their large price tags drove customers away.”可知，人们是被当时这种电动汽车的价格吓跑的；根据该段中的“Thanks to...to persuade critics.”可知，随着电池容量、可充电次数的增加、汽车性能的改善和价格的优化，这一代电动汽车已经开始吸引消费者购买了。这说明以前的电动汽车在各方面还不够完善，人们认为不值那个价钱。故选A项。‎ ‎4．What is the function of Paragraph 4?‎ A．To introduce the history of electric travel.‎ B．To explain why the world needs more electric cars.‎ C．To show why more people have interest in electric cars.‎ D．To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.‎ D　解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies”可知，除了在公路上，其他地方也可以使用电动交通工具。故选D项。‎ B ‎ (2019·洛阳尖子生联考)I love to read before I go to sleep. It usually makes me feel calm. But a big part of this depends on what I read. I love to read The Broons and Oor Wullie. Very often I’m smiling before I go to sleep.‎ I decide to write about this in a blog because I find that so many of us go to sleep with stress. Before we go to sleep, we may run over the day in our minds, and worry about tomorrow. We also may watch the news on TV, read the news on our smart phones or tablets, or even answer work emails. But the news is rarely proclaiming(宣告) all the good that’s happening in the world and ‎ work emails make us feel that we’re still at work. All these things may leave us a stressful sleep.‎ The Broons and Oor Wullie is not the only thing I ever read at night. I sometimes read novels but, with the odd exception, I mostly avoid anything that is too mentally taxing or stimulating late at night unless it’s something that inspires me or is clearly helpful in my life.‎ And even if I do read something mentally stimulating, when I feel myself getting tired I lay that book down and pick up a trusty old The Broons and Oor Wullie for the last 10 or 15 minutes. Doing this makes my mind quiet and helps ensure I get a peaceful night’s sleep. Reading about Wullie or Maw and Paw Broon is like a comfort blanket for me.‎ I’d suggest you find lighthearted reading as a comfort blanket at bedtime, especially if you find yourself stressed or depressed a lot of the time, or if you find difficulty winding at the end of a day. It is the thing that can gently turn your attention towards lightness and ease.‎ If your material makes you laugh, then you may feel even better. Several studies show that laughter boosts happy chemicals in the brain and strengthens the immune system. Laughter is good for the heart, and it is most definitely good for mental health. It even helps us improve our relationships.‎ And if you do happen to pick up a copy of The Broons and Oor Wullie, I hope you find it just as entertaining as I do.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述自己睡前的一些阅读习惯，告诉人们如何减少睡前的压力以及睡前保持好心情的重要性。‎ ‎5．What can we learn about The Broons and Oor Wullie?‎ A．It makes people run over the past days.‎ B．It is the best book to be read before people sleep.‎ C．It is extremely popular with young people.‎ D．It makes people feel relaxed and happy.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I love to read The Broons and Oor Wullie. Very often I’m smiling before I go to sleep.”可知The Broons and Oor Wullie这本书会使人们感到放松和快乐。‎ ‎6．What can we know from the text?‎ A．The Broons and Oor Wullie is the author’s favorite book.‎ B．A comfortable blanket makes people go to sleep easily.‎ C．The author sometimes reads something about inspirations.‎ D．Reading something stimulating at night helps get a peaceful sleep.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I mostly avoid anything that is too mentally taxing or stimulating late at night unless it’s something that inspires me or is clearly helpful in my life”可推知，作者有时候会阅读一些鼓舞人心的书。‎ ‎7．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?‎ A．What material brings us laughter.‎ B．How laughter affects our health.‎ C．What benefits laughter brings to us.‎ D．Why laughter is good for us.‎ C　解析：段落大意题。根据第六段第一句“If your material makes you laugh, then you may feel even better.”及该段的描述可知，该段的主题是笑带给我们的好处。‎ ‎8．What’s the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To show the importance of reading before sleeping.‎ B．To prove the importance of a good mood before sleeping.‎ C．To tell us how to make ourselves stay relaxed before sleeping.‎ D．To explain how to choose a book worthy to be read before sleeping.‎ B　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段中的“I love to read before I go to sleep. It usually makes me feel calm.”及第四段第二句“Doing this makes my mind quiet and helps ensure I get a peaceful night’s sleep.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是证明睡前有一个好心情的重要性。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2018·广州调研)Grady threw down his backpack and slammed the car door shut.‎ ‎“This is going to be a really 1 week，” he said unhappily to no one 2 ．He looked around the campground. Hundreds of bluegreen fir trees，some as tall as church towers， 3 the mountainside，giving it the appearance of a lush green carpet. The sun would be setting soon. Then，Grady thought，maybe the 4 wouldn’t feel so bad. Even up here in the 5 ，the hot stickiness of July clung to him.‎ Grady hated camping，but it was something his family 6 every summer. His father liked cooking over an open fire，telling stories about how to 7 things like bear attacks and swarms of bees. His mother and younger brother Jared liked to hike and take 8 of animals. Jared had a collection of bug pictures that he’d 9 to the walls in his half of their room. Grady thought they were just scary and considered them proof that Jared was a 10 kid.‎ They set up camp—two 11 ，one for his parents and one for himself and Jared. While everyone else started 12 dinner，Grady，looking for some place to cool down，set off for the nearby stream，which was deep enough to 13 in.‎ As he 14 the stream，something caught his eye. There was a(n) 15 black bear cub—no more than two feet tall with a lovely face. It was playing 16 at the water’s edge， 17 its surroundings. Grady moved closer to get a 18 look.Then Grady heard a sound behind him.He 19 his father saying that bear cubs would never be 20 ．Then he turned around and saw the cub’s mother moving swiftly towards him...‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Grady和家人一起露营，由 于天气太热，Grady独自一人去找小溪乘凉，却遇到了黑熊的故事。‎ ‎1．A.long B．interesting C．peaceful D．risky A　解析：根据空后的“unhappily”可知，此处应用long表示这一周会很漫长。long“漫长的”；interesting“有趣的”；peaceful“和平的，平静的”；risky“危险的，冒险的”。‎ ‎2．A.in advance B．in brief C．in particular D．in silence C　解析：他不高兴地自言自语道：“这将是很漫长的一周。”Grady并没有特别地对某个人说，因此，C项符合语境。in silence“安静地，无声地”。‎ ‎3．A.blocked B．covered C．reflected D．scarred B　解析：数以百计的蓝绿色冷杉树，有些像教堂塔一样高，覆盖着山坡，使山坡呈现出一个郁郁葱葱的像绿色地毯的外观。从下文的“carpet”可知，数以百计的冷杉树覆盖着山坡。block“阻止，阻塞”；cover“覆盖”；reflect“反射，映出”；scar“结疤，给……留下伤痕”。‎ ‎4．A.dust B．campground C．heat D．sun C　解析：根据上文中的“The sun would be setting soon.”及下文中的“the hot stickiness of July clung to him”可知，Grady认为太阳下山后就不会那么热了。故C项heat“高温”符合语境。dust“尘土”；campground“野营地”。‎ ‎5．A.mountain B．river C．sky D．tower A　解析：即使在山上，7月的炎热依旧如影随形。根据上文中的“mountainside”可知，作者的野营地在山上。故选A项。‎ ‎6．A.believed in B．insisted on C．came across D．lived through B　解析：Grady讨厌野营，但是这是他家人每年夏天坚持的事情。根据空前的转折词but可知，Grady的家人和他的想法相反。believe in“相信”；insist on“坚持”；come across“偶遇”；live through“经历过”。故选B项。‎ ‎7．A.encourage B．explore C．recognize D．survive D　解析：他的父亲喜欢在户外的火上做饭，讲关于如何在类似熊和蜜蜂的攻击下生存下来的故事。根据空后的“bear attacks and swarms of bees”可知，这些故事是关于如何在类似熊和蜜蜂攻击下生存的。survive“幸存，生还”符合语境。encourage“鼓励”；explore“‎ 探索”；recognize“认识，认出”。‎ ‎8．A.care B．control C．pictures D．examples C　解析：根据后一句中的“Jared had a collection of bug pictures”可知，本空指给动物拍照。take pictures of...“拍……的照片”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎9．A.guided B．pinned C．taken D．thrown B　解析：根据空后的“to the walls”可知，这些照片是被钉在墙上的。guide“指导，引导”；pin“(用钉等)钉住”；take“携带”；throw“扔”。‎ ‎10．A.sensitive B．smart C．tough D．strange D　解析：根据语境可知，Grady认为这些(虫子的照片)非常吓人，并且把它们当作证明Jared是一个奇怪的孩子的证据。sensitive“敏感的”；smart“聪明的”；tough“坚强的”；strange“奇怪的”。‎ ‎11．A.beds B．rooms C．tents D．plates C　解析：根据空前的“camp”可知，此处是搭起两个帐篷。bed“床”；room“房间”；tent“帐篷”；plate“盘子”。故选C项。‎ ‎12．A.altering B．hunting C．ordering D．preparing D　解析：根据空后的“dinner”及常识可知，此处表示准备晚餐。alter“改变”；hunt“打猎”；order“点菜”；prepare“准备”。‎ ‎13．A.dig B．swim C．hide D．sink B　解析：当其他人都在开始准备晚餐的时候，Grady想要寻找清凉的地方，于是动身去附近的小溪。这条小溪足够深，可以在里面游泳。根据本句中的“looking for some place to cool down”可知，Grady想在小溪里游泳凉快一下。dig“挖”；swim“游泳”；hide“躲藏”；sink“沉没”。‎ ‎14．A.crossed B．imagined C．left D．neared D　解析：根据上文中的“set off for the nearby stream”可知，Grady朝小溪走去，因此此处表示离小溪越来越近。near“靠近(某地方)”符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.adorable B．aggressive C．injured D．large A　解析：根据空后的“no more than two feet tall with a lovely face”可知，小黑熊很可爱。adorable“可爱的”；aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”；injured“受伤的”。故选A项。‎ ‎16．A.cautiously B．joyfully C．forcefully D．nervously B　解析：小黑熊在水边快乐地玩耍，忽视了它周围的环境。cautiously“小心地，谨慎地”；joyfully“高兴地”；forcefully“强有力地”；nervously“紧张地”。故选B项。‎ ‎17．A.attacking B．destroying C．hating D．ignoring D　解析：参见上题解析。attack“攻击，进攻”；destroy“破坏”；hate“讨厌”；ignore“忽视，不顾”。‎ ‎18．A.better B．brighter C．fixed D．lasting A　解析：Grady走近了一点，想看得更清楚一些。get a better look“看得更清楚”。‎ ‎19．A.found B．learned C．remembered D．misunderstood C　解析：这时Grady听到后面传来一阵声音，Grady记起父亲说过熊的幼仔不会单独出行的。find“发现”；learn“学会，了解到”；remember“记得”；misunderstand“误解”。‎ ‎20．A.alone B．awake C．cute D．scared A　解析：根据空后的“Then he turned around and saw the cub’s mother moving swiftly towards him...”可知，小黑熊的妈妈正朝Grady迅速地走来。因此，此处表示熊的幼仔从来不会单独出行的。alone“独自的”；awake“醒着的”；cute“漂亮的，聪明的”；scared“恐惧的，惊恐的”。‎