2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5Firstaid单元学案设计（30页含有答案及解析） 30页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit5First aid单元学案设计 ‎1. 了解有关家庭意外的急救措施；‎ ‎2. 学会使用简单而准确的词汇，写出简单的急救措施。‎ When you fall ill, temporary first aid will be vital to your life. A number of ideas will pour in for different symptoms. When your ankle bleeds after being injured, put your hands on some bandage in the cupboard and fasten it tightly. But attend to the pressure. When you choke, drink some hot water. Skin is the essential organ as a barrier of poisonous ray and a variety of complex liquid and even mild radiation. Hot pan and kettle on the stove may hurt your skin tissue and make it swollen. If so, squeeze out the liquid over and over again. When someone suffered from heart problem, doctors will put him in place and use electric shock. Use scissors to cut off the tight blouses of the patient or he may find the lack of oxygen unbearable. When your wrist is hurt or you have a sore throat, apply suitable treatment to your illness bravely and firmly before the ambulance comes. And your bravery will make a difference. You will be thanked in a formal ceremony. ‎ ‎1. aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助 ‎ ‎2. fall ill 生病 ‎3. poison n. 毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒 ‎4. squeeze out 榨出；挤出 ‎5. pour vt. & vi. 倒；灌；注；涌 ‎6. over and over again 反复；多次 ‎7. in place 在适当的位置；适当 ‎ ‎8. a number of 若干；许多 ‎9. treat vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待 ‎10. put one's hands on 找到 ‎11. apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效 ‎12. make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要) 作用 ‎1. 当你生病时，临时急救对你的生命可能就是至关重要的。‎ When you fall ill, temporary first aid will be vital to your life. ‎ ‎2. 你的勇敢会带来完全不一样的结果。‎ And your bravery will make a difference. ‎ ‎★temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的 ‎★bleed vi. & vt. (bled，bled)流血 ‎ ‎★ankle n. 踝(关节) ‎ ‎★choke vi. & vt. (使) 噎住；(使) 窒息 ‎★cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜 ‎★skin n. 皮；皮肤 ‎ ‎★organ n. 器官 ‎ ‎★barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物) ‎ ‎★ray n. 光线；射线 ‎★complex adj. 复杂的 ‎★liquid n. 液体 ‎★radiation n. 辐射；射线 ‎ ‎★pan n. 平底锅；盘子 ‎★stove n. 炉子；火炉 ‎ ‎★tissue n. (生物) 组织；薄的织物；手巾纸 ‎★electric shock 触电；电休克 ‎★swell vi. & vt. (使) 膨胀；隆起 ‎ ‎★scissors n. (pl.) 剪刀 ‎ ‎★bandage n. 绷带 ‎★vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎★symptom n. 症状；征兆 ‎ ‎★wrist n. 手腕 ‎★damp adj. 潮湿的 ‎ ‎★blouse n. 女衬衫 ‎ ‎★throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 ‎ ‎★ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 ‎ ‎★pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感) ‎ ‎★ambulance n. 救护车 ‎ ‎★injury n. 损伤；伤害 ‎★variety n. 变化；多样(化) ；多变(性) ‎ ‎★mildly adv. 轻微地；温和地 ‎★unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的 ‎★tightly adv. 紧地；牢牢地 ‎★firmly adv. 坚固地；稳定地 ‎★bravery n. 勇敢；勇气 ‎ 一、重点单词需牢记 ‎1. aid n. 帮助，援助，资助 vt. 帮助；援助 give/offer/perform/do/carry out first aid进行急救 with the aid of... 在……的帮助下 in aid of为了帮助 come to one's aid 帮某人的忙 aid sb. to do sth.‎ ‎＝aid sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事 aid sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人 An English－Chinese dictionary is an important aid in learning English. ‎ 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要工具。‎ Finding her so anxious, I decided to aid her to continue with her research. ‎ 发现她如此焦虑，我决定帮助她继续做研究。‎ ‎ 2. variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)‎ a variety of ＝varieties of各种各样的 They have taken varieties of measures to improve the people's living conditions. ‎ 他们采取了各种各样的措施来改善人们的生活条件。‎ various adj. 各种各样的 vary v. 变化，使多样化 vary from...to... 从……到……不等 vary with... 随……而变动 ‎3. squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨 squeeze out挤出，榨出，压出 squeeze from/out of从……榨取 squeeze into挤进 squeeze one's way推开别人通过，勉强通过 squeeze through the crowd挤过人群 ‎ Must you squeeze the toothpaste tube in the middle? ‎ 你非得从中间挤牙膏吗？‎ She tried to squeeze her feet into shoes that are too small. ‎ 她竭力把脚挤进那双太小的鞋里。‎ ‎4. treat vt.& vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待 ‎ treat sb. for... 治疗某人的……‎ treat sb. with sth. 用某物治疗某人 treat sb./sth. like/as 把某人/某物当成……看待 treat sb. to 用……招待/款待某人②酒后驾驶应该被当作犯罪对待，不管司机是否发生碰撞。 ‎ Drink driving should be treated __as__ a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash. ‎ ‎③病人们在接受药物和锻炼治疗。‎ Patients are treated __with__ medicines and exercise. ‎ ‎④妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。‎ We are treating Mom __to__ dinner for her birthday. ‎ ‎(2) 用treat的适当形式填空 己所不欲，勿施于人。‎ Treat others in the way you want __to__be__treated__. ‎ treat sb. well/badly 对待某人好/不好 treat sb. with respect/kindness 尊敬某人/善待某人 ‎ All visitors to this village are treated with kindness. ‎ 所有到达这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。 ‎ I decided to treat his remark as a joke. ‎ 我决定把他的话当作戏言。 ‎ The way (that/in which) the guests are treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. ‎ 招待客人的方式会影响到他们对饭店服务的评价。 ‎ Let's go out for dinner—my treat this time. ‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧！这次我请客。 ‎ treat指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思，侧重过程。常用于 treat sb. for sth. 结构中。‎ cure指“治愈、治好”疾病，也可指消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于cure sb. of sth. 结构中。‎ ‎5. vital adj. 至关重要的，生死攸关的 be vital to / for sth. 对……极重要的 of vital importance至关重要 ‎ it is vital to do sth. 做……很重要 Time is vital to the success of our plan. ‎ 时间对我们计划的成功至关重要。‎ It is vital that we (should) be kept informed of all developments. ‎ 重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。‎ 在It is vital that...句型中，从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即(should)＋动词原形。 ‎ ‎6. apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用 ‎ apply for sth.申请某物 apply to sb. for sth.向某人申请某物 apply to适用于 apply oneself to... 致力于……‎ Apply the cream to your face and neck. ‎ 把乳霜涂到你的脸和脖子上。‎ You'd better apply yourself to your study. ‎ 你最好专心学习。 ‎ 二、重点短语需精通 ‎1. in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎ The librarian put the returned books in place.‎ 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。‎ out of place 不在适当的位置，不合适 in place of代替 take the place of代替 take place发生I felt completely __out__of__place__ among all these successful people. ‎ take one's place就职；就位 give place to... 让位给……‎ in the first place首先 ‎2. make a difference 有影响，起重要作用，区别对待 Exercise can make a great difference to your state of health. ‎ 锻炼会对你的健康状况产生很大影响。 ‎ make all the difference 关系重大，大不相同 ‎ make some/much/little/no difference to 对……有一些/很大/很小/没有影响(作用) ‎ tell the difference分辨，区分，区别 ‎ ‎ make a difference between... 区别对待…… ‎ We must make a difference between the two types of contradiction. ‎ 我们必须区别对待这两种矛盾。‎ ‎3. fall ill生病 She fell ill with flu. 她患了流感。‎ She had to stay at home because her son fell ill. ‎ 因为儿子生病，所以她得待在家里。‎ ‎①fall ill是非延续性动词短语，一般不与表示一段时间的状语连用，如果要与一段时间连用时，通常用be ill。‎ ‎②此短语中fall是系动词，与形容词ill一起构成系表结构。‎ ‎③fall的过去式和过去分词：fell，fallen。‎ ‎④常用搭配：fall ill with 因……而病倒，患……病 fall asleep 入睡 fall in love with... 爱上……‎ fall awake 清醒了 fall silent 陷入沉默 ‎4. put one's hands on找到，得到 ‎ The laptop computer was here a moment ago, but I can't put my hands on it now. ‎ 我的手提电脑刚才还在这儿，但现在却找不到了。‎ at hand在手边 by hand用手工 hand in hand手拉手，共同地 on the one hand, on the other hand一方面，另一方面 ‎ 三、重点句式能熟用 ‎1. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. ‎ 约翰正在房间里学习时，突然听到一声尖叫。 ‎ be doing...when...“正在做……这时突然……”，when为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。‎ We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.‎ 我们正在讨论这个问题，这时停电了。‎ be doing...when... 正在……这时…… ‎ be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时…… ‎ be just going to do...when... 正要……这时…… ‎ be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时……‎ had just done sth. when... 刚做了……这时……‎ ‎2. If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible. 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。 ‎ if possible意为“如果可能的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，相当于if it is possible。‎ If possible，we'd like a private room.‎ 如果可能的话，我们希望要一个包间。‎ 其中，类似的结构还有：‎ if necessary 如果必要的话 if so 如果这样的话 if not 如果不是如此的话 if any 如果有一些的话 if ever 如果曾经做过、有过的话 ‎ 四、话题写作多积累 训练二十五：写图像作文 图像形式是高考图表作文的另一种考查形式，该类考查形式常见的有：以曲线形式表示数据变化的线形图；以条形形式表示数据大小或数量之间差异的条形图；以圆内扇形面积的大小表示总体中部分结构变化的圆形图等。 ‎ 在进行写作之前，我们同样要观察和分析图表。此时我们需要带着问题去观察：‎ ‎1. 这个图表或者这组图表是关于什么内容的；‎ ‎2. 图表中有哪些具体项目组成，分别有什么作用和含义；‎ ‎3. 图表中有哪些重要数据(可以用铅笔在图中圈出)；‎ ‎4. 如何分析这些数据，是把重点放在数据本身，还是重点分析数据变化的趋势。如果是一组图表，还要分析彼此之间有什么样的关联；‎ ‎5. 综合以上信息之后，就可以提炼出文章的中心思想或者主题句，然后开始列提纲、组织文章词句篇、连词成句、连句成文了。 ‎ The table/graph/chart shows (that)．..‎ According to the table/chart diagram/graph...‎ As is shown in the table/chart，...‎ As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，...‎ It can be seen from the figures/statistics that...‎ We can see from the figures/statistics...‎ It is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics(that)．.. ‎ The table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... ‎ This is a graph which describes the trend of...‎ The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...‎ The graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in...‎ The number sharply went up to... ‎ The figures peaked at...in(month/year) ‎ The figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. ‎ From this year on, there was a gradual decline /reduction in the..., reaching a figure of...‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎①我们正在筹集资金帮助在洪水中失去家园的灾民。‎ We are collecting money __in__aid__of__ the people who have lost their homes in the flood. ‎ ‎②这项工作不用计算机是不行的。 ‎ This job would be impossible __without__the__aid__ of a computer. ‎ ‎③那位医生对病人很好，就是在她的帮助下，这个孩子才得救了。 ‎ The doctor, __with__whose__aid__ the child was saved, is very kind to her patients. ‎ ‎【例2】用vary的适当形式填空 ‎①More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a wide __variety__ of goods.‎ ‎②这家饭店的菜单随季节变化而变化。‎ ‎ The menu in the restaurant __varies__ with the season. ‎ ‎③我们在学校学习各种东西。‎ At school we learn __varieties__ of things. ‎ ‎【例3】使用恰当的介词或副词填空 ‎ ‎①Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed __out__ the water. ‎ ‎②I squeezed myself __into__ a crowded bus with great difficulty. ‎ ‎③The thief squeezed himself __into__ a bus to seek the chance of stealing. ‎ ‎④ The separated mother and daughter squeezed __through__ the crowd and hugged together. ‎ ‎【例4】使用恰当的介词填空 ‎ ‎①不管他们是谁，现在我都尽量尊重每一个人。 ‎ Now I try to treat everyone __with__ respect, no matter who I t hink they are. ‎ ‎ 【例5】用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎①立刻动手术非常重要。‎ It's vital that we __carry__/should__carry__ (carry) the operation immediately.‎ ‎＝It's vital for us __to__carry__ (carry) the operation immediately. ‎ ‎②就我个人而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。‎ As far as I'm concerned, it is vital __to__keep__ (keep) accurate records. ‎ ‎【例6】使用恰当的介词填空 ‎①In this way they can better apply theory __to__ practice.‎ ‎②I applied __for__ four colleges and was accepted by all of them. ‎ ‎③It's vital that the theory (should) be applied __to__ practice, or it could just be something useless. ‎ ‎④I have been out of work for half a year, so I want to apply __for__ a job in this company. ‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎①经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。‎ The manager will be away on business and I'll __take__his__place/take__the__place__of__him__during his absence.‎ ‎②夹在这些事业有成的人中间，我感到格格不入。‎ ‎【例2】完成句子 ‎①信不信由你，你说什么对我没有影响。 ‎ Believe it or not, it makes __no__ difference to me what you say.‎ ‎②这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。‎ The twins are so alike; it's difficult to __tell__ the difference.‎ ‎③你能否得到这个工作与你的年龄无关。‎ Your age shouldn't make __any__ difference to whether you get the job or not. ‎ ‎【例3】完成句子 ‎①圣诞节前不久她病了。 ‎ Shortly before Christmas she __fell__ill__. ‎ ‎②她在去年的会议上对她的男朋友一见钟情。 ‎ She __fell__in__love__with__ her boyfriend the first time they saw each other at the meeting last year. ‎ ‎③当她读报时，奶奶睡着了。‎ As she was reading the newspaper, Granny __fell__asleep__. ‎ ‎ 【例4】用的适当形式填空 ‎①他读《中国日报》时，常在手边放一本字典。‎ When he reads China Daily, he often has a dictionary __at__hand__. ‎ ‎②如果我能在这家超市找到收音机，我会买一部的。‎ If I can __put__my__hands__on__ radios in this supermarket, I'll buy one.‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 ‎①今天早晨我骑自行车时，(意外)伤着了胳膊。‎ I was riding my bike this morning __when__ I hurt my arm.‎ ‎②莉莉正要学习，这时有人敲门。‎ Lily was about to study __when__ someone knocked at the door. ‎ ‎③教授刚结束了演讲，学生们就冲出了教室。 ‎ The professor had just finished his speech __when__ students rushed out of the classroom.‎ ‎【例2】完成句子 ‎ ‎①如果可能的话，尽可能经常地讲英语。‎ ‎__If__possible__，try to speak English as often as you can.‎ ‎②你今晚有空吗？如果有，我们一起去听音乐会吧。‎ Will you be free this evening? __If__so__，let's go to the concert together.‎ ‎③有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，我们把窗户打开。‎ Is anybody feeling cold? __If__not__，let's open the windows. ‎ ‎④如果有必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。‎ ‎__If__necessary__，I will go there myself. ‎ ‎(2018届河北保定定兴三中期中)‎ 下面的饼状图(pie chart)显示了你对你校学生兴趣爱好的调查结果。请你用英语写一篇短文，报道你的调查结果，并对此结果发表你的看法或建议。字数100左右。首句已给出(不计入词数)。‎ A recent survey shows what the students of our school like to do in their spare time. From the pie chart, we can see 53% of the students like sports, so doing sports is the most popular activity in our school. The second popular activity for students is surfing the Internet and 36% of the students have interest in it. Only a few students, about 8 percent of them, take reading as a hobby. And even fewer of view, our school should have more sports facilities built to satisfy the need of the students. Guidance should be given to students on surfing the Internet and we must be found to arouse students' interests in reading and music. ‎ ‎ ‎ 第一段：总体描述图表，分析图表内容 第二段：分析原因 第三段：自己的观点 考向　在完形填空中考查“帮助或者急救”话题 ‎(2016全国卷Ⅰ)‎ A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers，Inc. One morning in 2009，‎ Larry was __1__along 165 north after delivering to one of his__2__. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.__3__he got closer, he found__4__vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed__5__shooting out from under the__6__vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and__7__the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on__8__and told Larry he had__9__an emergency call. They__10__heard a woman's voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.__11__the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay__12__until the emergency personnel arrived，__13__she thought the car was going to__14__. Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move__15__she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man__16__and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the__17__if he was needed or__18__to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is__19__—Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His__20__most likely saved the woman's life.‎ ‎1. A. walking 　　　　B. touring 　　　　C. traveling 　　　　D. rushing ‎2. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers ‎3. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If ‎4. A. each B. another C. that D. his ‎5. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam ‎6. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned ‎7. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled ‎8. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over ‎9. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed ‎10. A. then B. again C. finally D. even ‎11. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching ‎12. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm ‎13. A. for B. so C. and D. but ‎14. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash ‎15. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after ‎16. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out ‎17. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver ‎18. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free ‎19. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked ‎20. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise ‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Larry在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆着火的汽车。他不顾个人安危，勇敢地拿起灭火器去救火，灭火时他发现汽车里还有人。他的英雄行为挽救了一位妇女的生命。 ‎ ‎1．C　根据第一段第一句话中的Transport Drivers可知Larry的职业，而故事发生的时候他在沿着公路行驶，在送货的路上，也就是在旅行途中。 ‎ ‎2．D　根据第一段第一句话已知Larry的职业，由此可以推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。 ‎ ‎3．C　根据上一句话中的saw a car可知，他先看到一辆车，当他驾驶的车与那辆车越来越近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车，这里用as引导时间状语从句。 ‎ ‎4．B　根据上一句话中的saw a car可知他先看到的是一辆亮着大灯的车，而后看到的是另外一辆损毁的汽车，这里用another表示泛指同一类中的另一个。 ‎ ‎5．A　根据下一句话中the fire extinguisher可知，Larry看到的这辆汽车在当时处于着火状态，所以想到了使用灭火器，flame意为“火苗”。 ‎ ‎6．B　根据第二段中第二句话中的woman's voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知，汽车是已经被毁坏了的，而disabled意为“残废的”，符合语境。‎ ‎7．A　本句中有三个表示连续动作的谓语动词描述了Larry当时的动作，即在靠边停车之后刹车，然后抓起了灭火器去灭火。get hold of意为“拿起”。‎ ‎8．D　根据本句中的told Larry 可知，那个司机将车灯打开后走了过来，并且和Larry说话。come over意为“走过来”。‎ ‎9．C　根据本段第四句话中的until the emergency personnel arrived可知，这个男士告诉Larry说他已经打了报警电话。make a call意为“打电话”。 ‎ ‎10．A　结合语境可知，两人在攀谈时，他们听到车内有人发出声音。这是对过去的连续动作的呈现，是按照时间顺序排列的，所以用then强调时间。 ‎ ‎11．D　结合上文可知，Larry看到的是着火的汽车，在听到有人发出声音后，他需要靠近事故车辆才能弄清楚到底是怎么回事，这里用approach的现在分词形式作伴随状语。 ‎ ‎12．B　根据本段最后一句话中的she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动，应该等待医疗救援人员的到来。still ‎ 是形容词，意为“静止的；不动的”。‎ ‎13．D　结合上句可知，Larry建议她等待救援，但是这个女士认为车辆马上就要爆炸，这里是转折关系，所以用but连接两个并列句。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。 ‎ ‎14. A　结合F句中的he had already put out the fire可知，这个女士不知道火已经被扑灭，所以以为已经着火的车可能会爆炸。‎ ‎15．C　结合本句中的injured her neck可知，Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，所以建议她等待医疗救援，in case意为“以防；免得”，引导条件状语从句。 ‎ ‎16．B　结合语境可知，他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。back off意为“退后”，符合当时的场景。‎ ‎17．B　根据上一句话中的Once fire and emergency people arrived可知，救援者中除了消防员和医护人员，还会有警察，结合选项可知Larry最有可能征询意见的是警察。 ‎ ‎18．D　根据下一句话中的let him and the other man go可知，警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否可以离去。be free to do sth.意为“自由地做某事”。 ‎ ‎19．A　结合上文内容可知，Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。for certain 意为“确定无疑”。 ‎ ‎20．C　结合上文可知，Larry在看到险情之后停下来探明原因，还积极扑火，这些都是他付出的努力，正是这一点挽救了别人的性命。 ‎ 会通过理解上下文语义，根据相关线索词(尤其是连接词)做逻辑推理。‎ 计策1: 原因、结果 表示某一事物发生的原因。表示原因的连词写在表示原因的句子内，结果连词用来连接某一事物所引起的结果。表达原因、结果的常用词或词组有：because，since，as，due to the fact that，so，therefore，thus，consequently，as a result，as a consequence，now that，in that等。‎ 计策2: 转折、让步 它表示后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。常用的词或词组有：however，but，anyhow，anyway，nevertheless，in spite of等。‎ 计策3: 比较、对比 比较关系表示意义上的相似关系；对比关系表示意义上的不同或相反。表达比较、对比的常见词和词组有：in comparison，by comparison，like，as，just as，in contrast，by contrast，oppositely，on the contrary，instead of，rather than等。‎ 计策4: 列举 指叙述一系列相关的事实、观点等。表示列举逻辑关系的可以是单词，也可以是词组，常见的有：first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)．..；‎ first，next，then，last；one，two，three...；for one thing，for another thing...等。‎ 计策5: 补充 表示对前一个事实或观点做进一步的阐述。表示这种逻辑关系的词或词组常用的有：also，too，similarly，further，moreover，in addition。‎ 一、词汇拓展 ‎ ‎1. temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的→__temporarily__ adv. 暂时地，临时地 ‎ ‎2. injure vt.伤害→__injury__ n. 损伤；伤害 ‎ ‎3. bleed vi. & vt. (bled，bled)流血→__blood__ n. 血→__nosebleed__ n. 鼻出血；流鼻血 ‎ ‎4. poison n. 毒药；毒害 vt. 毒害；使中毒→__poisonous__ adj. 有毒的 ‎ ‎5. complex adj. 复杂的→__complexity__ n. 复杂；复杂性 ‎ ‎6. vary vi. 不同于→__variety__ n. 变化；多样(化) ；多变(性) →__various__ adj. 不同的，多方面的 ‎ ‎7. mild adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的→__mildly__ adv. 轻微地；温和地 ‎ ‎8. swell vi. & vt. (swelled，swollen) (使) 膨胀；隆起→__swollen__ adj. 肿胀的 ‎ ‎9. bear vt. 忍bear vt. & vi.承担，负担；忍受，容忍；生(孩子)，出身；结(果实)，产生n. 熊；粗鲁无礼、脾气暴躁的人 受→__unbearable__ adj. 难以忍受的；不能容忍的 ‎10. vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的→__vitality__ n. 活力，生动性，生命力 ‎ ‎11. tight adj. 牢的；紧的；紧密的→__tightly__ adv. 紧地；牢牢地 ‎12. firm adj. (动作) 稳定有力的；坚定的→__firmly__ adv. 坚固地；稳定地 ‎ ‎13. ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节→__ceremonial__ n. 仪式 adj. 正式的 ‎ ‎14. brave adj. 勇敢的→__bravery__ n. 勇敢；勇气 ‎ ‎15. treat vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待→__treatment__ n. 治疗；对待 ‎16. apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用→__application__ n. 申请→__applicant__ n. 请求者；申请者 ‎17. press n. 报刊；记者们；新闻界v.按，挤，压→__pressure__ n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感) ‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1. Having a fever is one of the__symptoms__(symptom) that you have when you get a cold. ‎ ‎2. I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking__(choke) me.‎ ‎3. Poor health and lack of money may both be__barriers__(barrier) to educational progress.‎ ‎4. She is suffering from a lung __injury__ (injure). ‎ ‎5. If there is __pressure__(press) on someone to do something, someone is trying to persuade them to do it. ‎ ‎6. A person of hot blood is not afraid of __bleeding__ (blood)in battle for the country.‎ ‎7. I was only __mildly__ (mild)interested in English when I took up it. ‎ ‎8. People had to treat themselves in their own way, before they received the __treatment__(treat) sent by the government. ‎ ‎9. Press this button and the __pressure__ (press)of the water will rise.‎ ‎10. The brave boys were rewarded with medals for their __bravery__(brave) in the earthquake.‎ 三、用短语的适当形式填空 ‎1. I've told you__over__and__over__again__(反复) not to do that but you won't listen.‎ ‎2. Scientists are trying to find ways to__prevent__this kind of disease__from__spreading__(阻止……传播). ‎ ‎3. Living in a polluted environment, people may__fall__ill__(生病) easily.‎ ‎4. He always donates money to a poor village school, which __makes__a__great__difference__(有重大影响)to the children there who can go on receiving education.‎ ‎5. You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to__put__the__book__in__place__(把书放在适当位置). ‎ ‎6. My writing career__took__off__(成功；走红) when I discovered my own style.‎ ‎7. We took a trip to Beijing last week and my cousin__acted__as__(担任)our guide. ‎ ‎8. They have been__squeezed__out__(挤出) of the job market by young people.‎ 四、课文回顾 ‎ The skin is an essential part of your body and your body's 1.__largest__(large) organ. You have three layers of skin that protect you against diseases, 2.__poisons__(poison)and the sun's harmful rays. If your skin gets burnt, it can be serious. First aid is a very important first step in the 3.__treatment__(treat) of burns.‎ You can get burned by a 4.__variety__(vary) of things. There are three types of burns: first degree, second degree and third degree burns. ‎ If the skin is burned, you should remove clothing using scissors unless it is stuck 5.__to__the burn. For the second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water,‎ ‎ 6.__squeezing__(squeeze) them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour. Don't rub, or the wound may get 7.__infected__(infect). Cover the burned areas with a dry, clean bandage 8.__that/which__will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage 9.__in__place with tape. If the 10.__injuries__(injure) are serious, send the victim to the hospital at once.‎ do an injury to 对……造成伤害 injure强调对身体的伤害，多指在意外事故或者天灾中受伤，有时也用于对精神的伤害。‎ poison gas 毒气；毒瓦斯 poisoning n. 中毒 mild climate温和的气候 mild punishment轻微的惩罚 mild beer淡色啤酒 mild weather温和的天气 tight circle紧紧围住 tight corner处境困难 tight rope绷得很紧的绳子 tight squeeze(车)拥挤不堪 ‎ tight with money花钱吝啬 press a bell 按铃 press a button 按电钮 press a demand 坚持要求 ‎ press juice 挤汁 press oil 榨油 press one's way 奋力前进，向前挤 control the press 控制新闻舆论 go to press 付印；出版 have a good press 受新闻界的好评 barrier的基本意思是“障碍”。可指抽象的“阻力；障碍”，也可以指具体的“障碍物；屏障；关卡；分界线”；还可引申表示“难以逾越的数量或水平”。‎ bleed at the nose鼻子流血 bleed for one's country为国捐躯 bleed from nose and mouth七窍出血 ‎ bleed for sb. 为某人悲伤 ‎“一再，再三，许多次”的表达方式总结：time and time again; time after time; over and over; over and again; time and time again; again and again feel ill 心情不好 lay ill 病倒了 look ill 气色不好 make sb. ill 使某人难受 take off ‎ 拿走，取下；去掉；脱去；截断，切除；起跳；起飞；减轻(体重)；模仿；开始获得成功 Key words：‎ skin essential three layers diseases gets burnt first aid burned by three types remove stuck second degree keep cloths cool squeeze rub bandage serious hospital