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Unit 2 WILDLIFE PROTECTION
Section B Reading and Thinking
核心词汇
词汇一
reserve
(
1
)
n.
(动植物)保护区;储藏(量) (
2
)
vt.
预订;预留;保留
◆教材原句
What do you know about the Tibetan antelope and the Changtang National Nature
Reserve
?
你对藏羚羊和羌塘国家自然保护区了解多少?
◆要点必记
in reserve
储备,备用
a nature reserve
自然保护区
a wildlife reserve
野生动物保护区
reserve sth. for sb. /sth.
为
……
预订
/
保留某物
reserve one’s judgement
(
on sth.
)保留某人(对某事)的看法
题组练
·
领悟方法
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
These seats are reserved
the elderly and women with babies.
(
2
)
“It’s such a nice place
,”
Mother said as she sat at the table
(
reserve
)
for customers.
◆单句写作
(
3
)
Keep a few pounds______ _______
(备用)
to cover unexpected costs.
(
4
)
I’d prefer to______ ______ _______
(保留我的看法)
until I find all the evidence.
reserve my judgment
in reserve
reserved
for
词汇二
make out
看清;听清;分清
◆教材原句
On the plain in front of us
,
we can just
make out
a herd of graceful animals.
在我们面前的平原上,我们只能看到一群优雅的动物。
◆要点必记
make up
组成,构成
make up for
弥补,补偿
make it
及时到达;取得成功
make up one’s mind
下定决心
make room for
为
……
腾地方
make good/full use of
好好
/
充分利用
词汇三
observe
vt.
(
1
)观察(到) (
2
)注视 (
3
)遵守 (
4
)庆祝
◆教材原句
This is why we’re here—to
observe
Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因
——
观察藏羚羊。
◆要点必记
observe sb. + doing sth.
注意到某人正在做某事(动作正在进行)
observe sb. + do sth.
注意到某人做了某事(动作的全过程)
observe traffic rules
遵守交通规则
observe the Spring Festival
庆祝春节
◆误区警示
observe sb. do sth.
变为被动语态时,不定式要加上
to
。
◆词语积累
observation
n.
观察
◆单句写作
(
1
)
I can’t
(弄明白)
why I couldn’t do it. In any case
,
I’m going to try.
(
2
)
Frankly speaking
,
______________________________________
(对我来说很难听清)
what he is saying.
◆单句语法填空
(
3
)
His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make
what he is trying to express.
(
4
)
In some languages
,
100 words make
half of all words used in daily conversations.
(
5
)
Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music
,
but she makes up
it with hard work.
make out
it is difficult for me to make out
out
up
for
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
Thousands of people observed the ship
(
leave
)
the harbour.
(
2
)
They are shocked to find that in this beautiful town the traffic rules are not strictly___________
(
observe
)
.
(
3
)
An airplane
(
observe
)
to appear on the screen of radar last week.
◆单句写作
(
4
)
The policeman
(注意到他正在行驶)
at the speed of 90 miles per hour.
(
5
)
Some football audience were unable to
(遵守秩序)
in the stadium due to excitement.
(
6
)
We usually
(庆祝春节)
in our country.
leaving
observed
was observed
observed him driving
observe the order
observe the Spring Festival
词汇四
beauty
n.
(
1
)美 (
2
)美人;美好的东西
◆教材原句
... I’m struck by their
beauty
. ……
我被它们的美丽所打动。
◆要点必记
the beauty of the sunset/of poetry/of his singing
落日
/
诗作
/
他的歌声之美
an area of outstanding natural beauty
一个自然风景极美的地区
◆归纳拓展 有些名词表示抽象概念时是不可数名词,但被赋予具体含义后可变为可数名词。常见的这类名词有:
beauty
美丽
a beauty
一个美人
/
美丽的事物
success
成功
a success
成功的人
/
事
failure
失败
a failure
一个失败的人
/
事
surprise
吃惊,惊奇
a surprise
一件意想不到的事
experience
经验
an experience
一次经历
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
She had been
beauty in her day.
(
2
)
— The great success the brilliant young scientist has made is admirable.
—I think he is
great success as a scientist.
(
3
)
The art show was far from being
failure
;
it was
great success.
(
4
)[
2014·
天津卷]
Give me a chance
,
and I’ll give you
wonderful surprise.
(
5
)
I don’t think the experiment is
failure
,
because it has provided us with
valuable experience for future tests.
◆单句写作
(
6
) 该演出一夜成名。
The show was
.
(
7
) 我认为我不是一个失败者,因为失败是成功之母。
___________________________________________________________________
I don’t think I’m a failure for failure is the mother of success.
an overnight success
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
词汇五
remind
vt.
提醒;使想起
◆教材原句
I’m also
reminded
of the danger they are in.
我也意识到了它们所处的危险。
◆要点必记
remind sb. of
使某人想起
……
remind sb. to do...
提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that/what/how...
提醒某人
……
◆误区警示
remind sb. sth.
(
×
)
remind sb. of sth.
(√) 使某人想起某事
cure sb. of sth.
治愈某人
……
(病)
rid sb. of sth.
使某人摆脱某事
inform sb. of sth.
通知某人某事
warn sb. of sth.
提醒
/
警告某人某事
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[词汇复现]
They
intend
to
recover
the lost animals and remind people
its importance.
(
2
)
My father reminded me
(
set
)
off early in case I was caught in traffic.
(
3
)
(
remind
)
not to miss the flight at 15
:
20
,
the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
(
4
)
Michael put up a picture of the man beside the bed to keep himself
(
remind
)
of his own dreams.
◆单句写作
(
5
)
What he said just now_________ ________ _________
(使我想起)
that Chinese professor.
(
6
)
_________ ________ _________ __________
(提醒我买)
some milk tonight.
of
to set
Reminded
reminded
reminded me of
Remind me to buy
词汇六
shoot
vt.
&
vi.
(
1
)射杀;射伤 (
2
)发射
◆教材原句
Hunters were
shooting
antelopes to make profits.
猎人们猎杀藏羚羊以获利。
◆要点必记
shoot at
向
……
射击(表示动作,不一定 射中)
shoot sb. dead
开枪打死某人
shoot sb. in the head/back/leg
射中某人的头部
/
背部
/
腿部
take a shot
开枪,射击;投球;拍照
◆学法点拨 注意“
shoot sb. in + the +
身体部位”中, 身体部位名词前用
the
。
◆误区警示
shoot—shot—shot
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
The hunter was about
(
shoot
)
at the bird when he heard a scream.
(
2
)
The criminal intended to escape but
(
shoot
)
in the leg and was caught by the police soon.
(
3
)
The murderer shot the man in
back and stole the diamond from his suitcase.
(
4
)
I took
shot of the beautiful scenery in the desert.
◆单句写作
(
5
)
As the birds rise
,
the hunters
(向他们射击)
.
(
6
)
He
(背部中枪)
while trying to escape.
to shoot
was shot
the
a
shoot at them
was shot in the back
词汇七
profit
(
1
)
n.
利润;利益 (
2
)
v.
有利于
……
,对
……
有利;获利
◆教材原句
Hunters were shooting antelopes to make
profits
.
猎人们猎杀藏羚羊以获利。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
at a profit
获利
make a profit/profits
盈利
profit forecast
利润预测
non-profit organization
非营利组织
(
2
)
A profit
(
s
)
B
A
有益于
B
B profit
(
s
)
from/by A
B
从
A
中获益
(
3
)
profitable
adj.
有利润的,赢利的
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[
2018·
江苏卷]
It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make
profit.
(
2
)
We hope to make great
(
profit
)
in the long term.
(
3
)
We tried to profit
our mistakes.
◆单句写作
(
4
)
The brothers resell the goods______ ______ _______
(盈利)
.
a
profits
by/from
at a profit
词汇八
watch over
保护;照管;监督
◆教材原句
Zhaxi and other volunteers
watched over
the antelopes
day and night
to keep them safe from attacks.
扎西和其他志愿者日夜守护着这些藏羚羊,保护它们免受攻击。
◆要点必记
watch out
(
= look out
)小心,当心
watch out for
密切注意,留意;小心;当心
keep a close watch on
严密监视
take care of = look after =see to = care for = attend to
照顾
◆单句写作
(
1
)
They volunteer to
(照顾)
the old in their spare time.
◆单句语法填空
(
2
)
In some countries poisonous snakes can be used to watch
the jewels in the shops at night.
(
3
)
Watch
! This is a very busy road.
(
4
)
It’s fantastic to swim in the sea
,
but you have to watch out
sharks.
(
5
)
The police kept a close watch
that house for one month.
watch over /take care of /look after
over
out
for
on
词汇九
day and night
日日夜夜;夜以继日
◆要点必记
up and down
上上下下;来来往往;到处
now and then
时而;不时地
back and forth
来来回回地
in and out
进进出出地
here and there
到处
此类结构,
and
前后词义相反,描述的是一种“重复的、连续的、全面的”概念
◆单句写作
(
1
)[词汇复现]
They
observe
the daily activities of wild animals_______ ______ _______
(夜以继日)
.
(
2
)
The girl is dancing
,
with her head moving _______ ______ _______
(上上下下),
left and right.
(
3
)
He went to communicate with his teacher about the homework _______ ______ _______
(不时地)
.
day and night
up and down
now and then
词汇十
attack
n.
,
vi.
&
vt.
攻击;抨击
◆教材原句
Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from
attacks
.
扎西和其他志愿者日夜守护着这些藏羚羊,保护它们免受攻击。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
attack the enemy
攻击敌人
get attacked
受到攻击
an article attacking the football team
一篇抨击该足球队的文章
a disease that attacks the brain
侵袭大脑的疾病
(
2
)
make an attack on
向
……
进行攻击
be/come under attack
受到攻击
/
抨击
have/suffer a heart attack
心脏病发作
◆一言助记
If you are
under attack
,
will you
make an attack on
those who
attack
you?
如果你受 到攻击,
你会向攻击你的人发起攻击吗?
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
He received a secret task to make an attack
enemy forces.
(
2
)
The hackers may focus on
(
attack
)
the computer systems.
(
3
)
The government recently tightened its waters control to prevent fishing boats from_____________
(
attack
)
.
◆单句写作
(
4
)
(被攻击后)
by the terrorists
,
the tall building was in chaos.
(
5
)
The school has
(受到抨击)
for failing to encourage bright pupils.
on
attacking
being attacked
Having been attacked/After being attacked
come under attack
词汇十一
effective
adj.
有效的;生效的
◆教材原句
The measures were
effective
.
这些措施是有效的。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
an effective cure
有效的治疗方法
be effective against
有效对抗
…… be effective from
从
……
起生效
(
2
)
with effect
有效地
in effect
事实上;在实施中,有效
take effect
生效,起作用
of no effect
无效
have an effect on...
对
……
有影响
have no/some/little/much effect on...
对
……
没有
/
有些
/
几乎没有
/
有很大影响
put/bring...into effect
实施
……
;落实
…… come into effect
(法律等)生效
◆单句写作
(
7
)
Good books_____ ____ _____ _____ _______
(对
……
有影响)
me since my childhood.
(
8
)
The new traffic rules _____ ____ _____
(开始实施)
. Now
,
it is beginning to _____ ____
(起作用)
.
Have had an effect on
came into effect
take effect
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[
2015·
浙江卷]
One of the most
(
effect
)
ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
(
2
)
The medical experiments showed that the new medicine was not effective
cancer.
(
3
)
The new law will be effective
tomorrow.
(
4
)
The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism
the wildlife in the area.
(
5
)
The new system will soon be put
effect.
(
6
)
The medicine will be more
(
effective
)
if you drink some hot water after taking it.
effective
against
from
on
into
effective
词汇十二
recover
(
1
)
vi.
恢复;康复 (
2
)
vt.
找回;寻回
◆教材原句
The antelope population has
recovered
and in June 2015
,
the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.
藏羚羊的数量已经恢复,
2015
年
6
月,藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移出。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
recover from
从
……
中恢复
recover oneself
静下心来
(
2
)
recovery
n.
恢复,痊愈;复得,找回
make a full recovery
完全康复
make a quick/slow recovery
恢复很快
/
缓慢
◆学法点拨
前缀
re-
表示“重”“又”“再”等含义 。类似的还有
repeat
(重复),
return
(回来),
rebuild
(重建),
review
(复习),
rewrite
(重写,改写)等。
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
She recovered
her surprise
,
and answered calmly.
(
2
)
He’s in hospital
,
(
recover
)
from a heart attack.
(
3
)
About some minutes later
,
the girl recovered
(
her
)
.
(
4
)
To his parents’ relief
,
the boy made a quick
(
recover
)
after the operation.
from
recovering
herself
recovery
◆单句写作
(
5
) 心脏手术后,这个男孩渐渐地痊愈了。
The boy is gradually________ ________ his heart operation.
(
6
) 他显得心烦意乱,但很快就静下心来了。
He seemed upset but quickly ________ ________ .
(
7
) 他的手提箱丢了,但是又从火车站找到了。
He lost his suitcase
,
but he ________ ________ at the railway station.
recovering from
recovered himself
recovered it
词汇十三
remove
vt.
(
1
)去除 (
2
)移开 (
3
)脱去(
4
)免除
……
的职务,开除
◆教材原句
The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015
,
the Tibetan antelope was
removed
from the endangered species list.
藏羚羊的数量已经恢复,
2015
年
6
月,藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被移出。
◆要点必记
remove sth. from sp.
把某物从某地搬走(移开)
remove sb. from sth.
把某人从
……
职位免职
remove from... to...
从
……
搬到
……
remove sb. from school
勒令某人退学
remove one’s doubt/trouble
消除某人的疑虑
/
烦恼
remove the mud from your shoes
把鞋上的泥除掉
词汇十四
intend
vi.
&
vt.
打算;计划;想要
◆教材原句
The government
,
however
,
does not
intend
to stop the protection programmes
,
since the
threats
to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
然而,政府并不打算停止保护计划,因为对藏羚羊的威胁尚未 消失。
◆要点必记
intend to do sth. = intend doing sth.
打算做某事
be intended to do
打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth.
打算让某人做某事
be intended for
是为
……
而提供
/
设计的
◆误区警示
intend
用于过去完成时(即
had intended
) 时,意为“本打算做而未做”。有这种用法的词还有
hope
,
think
,
expect
,
mean
等。
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
You’d better have the old furniture
(
remove
)
.
(
2
)[词汇复现]
You look so worried. You must remove yourself
pressure
.
(
3
)
Once formed
,
the bad habits are hard
(
remove
)
.
◆单句写作
(
4
)
You’d better perform well to_______ _ ______ ________
(消除他的疑虑)
.
(
5
)
He _______ _______ ________(
被开除了)
the post because he broke the rules and regulations of the company by design.
removed
from
to remove
remove his doubt
was removed from
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[词汇复现]
The
hunter intended________
(
sell
)
the
goods
to make a
profit
.
(
2
)
It was meant to be a surprise
;
I didn’t intend you
(
see
)
it so soon.
(
3
)
He
(
intend
)
to get a job in the media
,
but gave up the plan after that unpleasant experience.
(
4
)
The journey was intended
(
achieve
)
more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.
(
5
)
I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended
women in the countryside.
◆单句写作
(
6
)
The school to be built next month________ ________ __________
(是为
……
而设计的)
disabled children.
to sell/selling
to see
had intended
to achieve
for
is intended for
词汇十五
threat
n.
威胁
◆要点必记
(
1
)
a threat to...
对
……
的威胁
make threats against sb.
对某人进行威胁
under threat from
受到
……
的威胁
(
2
)
threaten
vt.
威胁;危及
threaten sb. with...
用
……
威胁某人
be threatened with
受到
……
的威胁
threaten to do sth.
威胁做某事
threaten one’s life
危及某人的生命
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
He is unlikely to be a threat
the Spanish player in the final.
(
2
)
The area remains
threat from commercial developers.
(
3
)[词汇复现]
If their
habitat
(
threaten
)
or they cannot find
enough food
,
their numbers may decrease.
◆单句写作
(
4
)
These ancient woodlands
(受到
……
的威胁)
new road developments.
(
5
)
The fighting is
(对
……
的一个很大威胁)
safety in the region.
are under threat from
a major threat to
to
under
is threatened
词汇十六
exist
vi.
存在;生存(与介词
on
连用)
◆教材原句
Only when we learn to
exist
in
harmony
with nature ...
只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处
……
◆要点必记
(
1
)
exist on
靠
……
生存
/
生活
exist in
存在于
……
中
There exists/existed...
某地有
……
;存在
……
(
2
)
existence
n.
存在;生存
come into existence/being
开始存在
(
3
)
existing
adj.
(仅用于名词前)目前的, 现存的
◆误区警示
exist
只用作不及物动词,因此没有被动语态,且通常不用于进行时。
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
They can’t exist
the money he’s earning.
(
2
)
There
(
exist
)
a problem nowadays that many young people don’t want to live with their parents.
(
3
)
In ancient times
,
people who
(
exist
)
in the wild lived a hard life.
(
4
)
It is reported that this substance came into
(
exist
)
about 100 million years ago.
(
5
)
This is the oldest temple
(
exist
)
in the world.
◆单句写作
(
6) _______ ________
(存在着)
a beautiful lake surrounded by green grass and wild flowers in front of the village.
(
7
)
Nowadays
,
there are still many people wondering when the earth__________ __________ ___________
(产生)
.
There exists
came into existence/being
on
exists
existed
existence
existing
词汇十七
harmony
n.
和谐;融洽
◆要点必记
in harmony with
与
……
和谐,与
……
协调
out of harmony
不协调,不和谐
live/work in harmony
和睦地生活
/
工作
social harmony
社会融洽
color harmony
色彩协调
◆单句写作
(
1
)
His suggestions are_______ ________ __________
(与
……
协调)
the aims of this project.
(
2
)[
2015·
福建卷]
Human life is regarded as part of nature and
,
as such
,
the only way for us to survive is to live _______ ________ __________
(与
……
和谐)
nature.
in harmony with
in harmony with
词汇十八
used to do sth.
过去常常做某事
◆教材原句
Herds of elephants
used to
live on the plain of Africa and in the forests of Asia.
成群的大象过去常生活在非洲平原和亚洲的森林里。
◆要点必记
(
1
)
used to do sth.
过去常常做某事(强 调现在不这样了)
(
2
)
be used to
(doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事(
to
是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词)
(
3
)
be used to do sth.
被用来做某事(被 动语态)
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)
I used
(
visit
)
the gallery where the art works by professional painters were displayed.
(
2
)
Wood is often used
(
make
)
desks and chairs.
(
3
)
She is used to
(
live
)
in the countryside now.
(
4
)
My grandparents are used
the life in the suburb.
◆完成句子
这位老人过去常在晚饭后看电视,但现在他习惯在公园散步,他的手杖用来帮他走路。
The old man
(
5
)
after supper
,
but now he
(
6
)
in the park and his stick
(
7
)
him walk.
to visit
to make
living
to
used to watch TV
is used to taking a walk
is used to help
重点句式
句式一
This/That is why...
这
/
那就是
……
的原因。
◆教材原句
This is why
we’re here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因
——
观察藏羚羊。
◆要点必记
why
,
because
和
that
引导的表语从句:
·This is why +
结果
.
·This is because +
原因
.
·The reason
(
for...
)
is that +
原因
.
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[
2013·
安徽卷]
From space
,
the earth looks blue. This is
about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
(
2
)
The other boys made fun of Toby’s new hairstyle. This is
he is unhappy.
◆同义句转换
(
3
)
The reason for my quitting the job is that I’m bored with it.
→ I’m bored with the job. That’s
I have quitted it.
→ I have quitted the job. That’s
I’m bored with it.
because
why
why
because
句式二 现在分词(短语)作状语
◆教材原句
Watching them move slowly across the green grass
,
I’m struck by their beauty.
看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地,我被它们的美丽所打动。
◆要点必记
现在分词(短语)作状语表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式或结果等。从时间上看, 现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生;从语态上看,现在分词往往表示主动的动作,它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
◆误区警示
(
1
)现在分词表示结果时,指自然而然的 结果。
(
2
)不定式也可以表示结果,是出乎意料 的结果,且多与
only
或
just
连用。
He hurried to the station
,
only to find the train had left.
他匆忙赶到车站,结果却发现火车已经开走了。
◆单句语法填空
(
1
)[
2018·
全国
Ⅲ
卷]
Everyone was silent
,
(
wait
)
to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
(
2
)
The visitors stood on top of Mountain Tai
,
(
enjoy
)
the rising sun.
(
3
)[
2017·
天津卷]
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment
,
(
allow
)
more patients to be treated.
(
4
)[
2015·
重庆卷]
Like ancient sailors
,
birds can find their way
(
use
)
the sun and the stars.
(
5
)[
2014·
天津卷]
Anxiously
,
she took the dress out of the package and tried it on
,
only
(
find
)
it didn’t fit.
(
6
)[
2013·
北京卷]
(
find
)
the course very difficult
,
she decided to move to a lower level.
(
7
)
(
feel
)
exhausted at the end of the journey
,
she soon fell asleep.
(
8
)
The boy sat in front of the farmhouse
,
(
cut
)
the branch.
waiting
enjoying
allowing
using
to find
Finding
Feeling
cutting
句式三 “
only+
状语(从句)”位于句首引起部分倒装
◆教材原句
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we
stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处,我们才能不成为野生动物和地球的威胁。
◆要点必记
“
only +
状语(副词
/
介词短语
/
从句)” 提至句首以示强调时,后面的句子或主句要用部分倒装,即把助
动词、情态动词或
be
动词提到主语前面。如果不放在句首,则不用倒装。
Only then did I recognize...
直到那时我才认出
……
Only in this way can we...
只有用这种方式我们才能
……
Only when he told me did I realize....
只有当他告诉我时我才意识到
……
◆误区警示
only
修饰主语不倒装;
only
修饰状语从句时,状语从句本身不倒装。
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