人教版选择性必修一课时素养评价 十 Unit 4　Reading and Thinking 11页

www.ks5u.com 温馨提示：‎ ‎ 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。‎ 课时素养评价 十 Unit 4　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1. The menu varies with the season. ‎ ‎2. The whole company has tended to approve of their plans. ‎ ‎3. She employs her free time in gardening. ‎ ‎4. As a result, people could make inferences(infer) about who was participating in the virtual (虚拟)conversation. ‎ ‎5. I can’t have you breaking down in health. ‎ Ⅱ. 选词填空 witness, demonstrate, identical, employ, interpret, assess, reliable, differ in, by contrast, break down ‎1. You have to demonstrate how to operate the computer. ‎ ‎2. It was an extraordinary experience to witness the first sunrise of the new year. ‎ ‎3. You should find better ways to employ your time. ‎ ‎4. Your appearance is identical to hers. You must be twins. ‎ ‎5. They differ in size but not in kind.  ‎ ‎6. The guide interpreted the foreigner’s remarks for us. ‎ ‎7. Statistical analysis is a means of arriving at a reliable forecast. ‎ ‎8. She had been waiting for Simon to break down the barrier between them.  ‎ ‎9. They assess his house at a high price. ‎ ‎10. I am not good at expressing myself. By contrast, I am better at thinking indeed.  ‎ Ⅲ. 根据提示翻译句子 ‎1. 有这么多有利因素, 我们可以看到是什么在阻止我们。(in one’s favour)‎ With so much working in our favour, we can see what is holding us back.  ‎ ‎2. 相比之下, 51%的人在过去的一个月内使用过酒精。(by comparison)‎ By comparison, 51 percent of people have used alcohol in the past month.  ‎ ‎3. 令他吃惊的是, 这种病毒会对人体健康产生威胁。(pose a threat)‎ To his surprise, this virus will pose a threat to human health.  ‎ ‎4. 做实验时你越仔细越好。(can’t be too. . . /can’t. . . enough)‎ You can not be too careful in doing experiments.  ‎ Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·临沂高二检测)‎ The hit movie Notting Hill(《诺丁山》) begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant knocks into Julia Roberts and spills orange juice all over her. After it happened, Grant repeatedly says, “I’m so sorry. I’m so sorry. ”‎ His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts were from Britain, then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well-even if it were not her fault. But this doesn’t happen in the movie, as Roberts is from the US. ‎ A report in The Telegraph once said that three quarters of British people apologize when they ran into someone in the street-regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, the British use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if they mishear someone, they say “Sorry? ” The person they are talking to will also apologize by replying, “No, I am sorry! ” This can go on for up to five minutes as they compete for who is the most sorry. ‎ Why are the British so sorry? Mark Tyrrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. “We say sorry because historically the new middle class in Britain had to apologize for not being the working class, but also for not really being the upper class. ” Another theory is that they apologize to avoid conflicts. For example, if they bump into someone, he might get angry. To avoid this, they instantly say “Sorry! ”‎ True manners are about being considerate, and today’s constant ‎ use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word “sorry” has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国人的道歉文化及其原因: 一是因为历史上英国的新中产阶级; 二是为了避免冲突。‎ ‎1. Why does the author mention a scene in the movie Notting Hill at the beginning? ‎ A. To give an example of British modesty. ‎ B. To introduce different ways of saying sorry. ‎ C. To show what kind of men are considered gentlemen in the UK. ‎ D. To draw our attention to when and how British people say sorry. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知, 文章开头以电影为例, 描述了英国人道歉的场景, 引出文章的主题——英国的道歉文化。‎ ‎2. Which of the following statements might Mark Tyrrell agree with? ‎ A. People should not apologize if they are not responsible. ‎ B. Americans care less about manners than British people. ‎ C. That British people apologize so much is linked to the class system. ‎ D. British people care too much about which social class they are from. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Mark Tyrrell . . . thinks that their apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. ”可知, Mark Tyrrell认为英国人的道歉根源于其阶级制度。由此可推断, C项正确。‎ ‎3. What can be inferred from the passage? ‎ A. It’s unnecessary for British people to be so polite. ‎ B. The overuse of apologizing shows Britons are truly sincere. ‎ C. People should give up the traditional use of the word “sorry”. ‎ D. Using “sorry” more doesn’t necessarily mean people are more polite. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段的内容以及最后一段中的“today’s constant use of apologizing shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. ”可知, 英国人道歉或是与他们的阶级制度有关, 或是为了避免冲突, 今天的多次道歉也并不意味着人们更有礼貌。‎ ‎4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? ‎ A. To explore the best way of saying sorry. ‎ B. To explain why the British overuse the word “sorry”. ‎ C. To show how saying sorry has changed over time. ‎ D. To suggest many British people lack traditional manners. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。写作目的题。根据全文内容可知, 本文由电影场景引入主题, 介绍了英国的道歉文化, 并介绍了英国人道歉的原因及今天道歉的意义, 主要目的是介绍英国人过量道歉的原因。‎ B ‎(2020·南阳高二检测)‎ Many kids help out around the house with chores such as emptying the dishwasher, putting laundry away, and taking out the trash. In exchange, some kids get allowances or other rewards such as extra ‎ computer time. ‎ But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn’t worth doing unless you get something in return. Running any kind of household is a team effort, Susie said. “A home is a living space for everyone in the family. It’s important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and that families decide together how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look. ”‎ Other people believe that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed (兑换) either online or in the real world. With the ChoreMonster app, kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall. “Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards, ” says Chris Bergman, founder of ChoreMonster. “Kids need positive reinforcement to help motivate them. ”‎ What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in ‎ return? ‎ Write a 200-word response. Send it to tfkasks4you@timeforkids. com. Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids. Please include your grade and contact information of your parent or teacher if you want your response to be published. The deadline for responding is February 18. ‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。本文主要对孩子在家里做家务到底要不要得到报酬进行讨论, 进而要求读者表达他们的观点。‎ ‎5. How does the author start the passage? ‎ A. By presenting some facts. ‎ B. By listing some evidence. ‎ C. By comparing different views. ‎ D. By stating his own experiences. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 许多孩子在家里帮忙做家务, 比如清空洗碗机, 把衣服收起来, 把垃圾拿出去。因此作者是通过陈述事实来开始这一篇文章的。故选A。‎ ‎6. According to Susie Walton, ______.  ‎ A. kids should be rewarded for doing chores B. parents decide what kids can do for the family C. kids have the responsibility to share housework D. kids can get extra computer time for doing chores ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段Susie 说的话“‎ 家是家庭中每个人生活的空间。 让孩子们明白我们都有责任, 这很重要……”可知孩子们有分担家务的责任。故选C项。‎ ‎7. Paragraph 3 is mainly about______.  ‎ A. Chris Bergman’s opinion on raising kids B. main reasons why kids need encouragement C. how to motivate kids to try new applications D. the advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores ‎【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第三段首句“其他人认为, 得到现金津贴或其他奖励能激励孩子做家务, 这也教会他们如何在现实生活中通过工作赚钱。”可知, 主要说的是奖励孩子做家务的好处。故选D。‎ ‎8. The purpose of writing the text is to ______.  ‎ A. invite readers to express their opinions B. inform readers of two different opinions C. call on readers to reflect on their behavior D. present the author’s viewpoint about parenting ‎【解析】选A。写作目的题。根据最后两段“你觉得怎么样? 孩子做家务应该得到奖励吗? 还是说孩子们应该在家里帮忙, 而不得到任何回报? 写一个200字的回复。”可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是邀请读者发表意见。故选A。‎ Ⅱ. 阅读填句 ‎(2019·嘉兴高二检测)‎ 根据短文内容, ‎ 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Be Happy ‎　1　 Being happy often means continually finding satisfaction, a feeling of joy, and a sense that your life is meaningful during all kinds of problems—that does not depend upon finding ease or comfort. A sense of happiness is good for your health, so what can we do to have that?  ‎ ‎·Change your thoughts. ‎ People have a natural tendency to remember negative experiences but forget positive ones. However, thanks to adaptability, you can actually change the way your brain functions. You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun. 　2　 ‎ ‎·Cultivate optimism. ‎ ‎　3　 It’s a way of interpreting everything that happens to you. For example, a pessimistic person might say, “I’m terrible at math. I’m going to fail that test tomorrow. I might as well just watch TV. ” However, an optimistic person would say something like “I’m concerned about doing well on that test tomorrow, but I’m going to study as well as I can and do my best. ” Optimism doesn’t deny the reality of challenges, but it interprets how you approach them differently.  ‎ ‎·Practice active gratitude. ‎ A lot of researches confirm that gratitude is good for you. It reduces anxiety and depression, helps you become more positive, strengthens ‎ your relationships with others, and encourages compassion. 　4　 ‎ ‎·Determine your core values. ‎ Your core values determine how you think about yourself, your life, and the world around you. These beliefs guide your decision-making. They may be spiritual, or they may not, but they’re the things that are fundamental to how you look at life. Whatever your values are, research suggests that when you aren’t living your life and making choices that are not fit for your values, you’re likely to feel unhappy and dissatisfied. ‎ ‎·　5　 ‎ Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. Pick a few goals and imagine that you have achieved them. ‎ A. Contact a hotline. ‎ B. Visualize your “best possible self”. ‎ C. Look for the positive in all your experiences. ‎ D. Optimism is more than just positive expectations. ‎ E. Happiness is not a simple goal, but is about making progress. ‎ F. It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness. ‎ G. For example, occupy your mind with positive thoughts by practicing mindfulness. ‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了五个变快乐的方法。‎ ‎1. 【解析】选E。根据本空下文Being happy often means continually ‎ finding satisfaction快乐常常意味着不断地找到满足, 可推知, 快乐不是一个简单的目标, 而是不断进步的过程。故选E。‎ ‎2. 【解析】选G。根据本段小标题Change your thoughts. (改变你的想法)以及本空上文You can train yourself to be happier by seeking your kind of fun. 可知, G项“例如, 通过练习正念, 用积极的思想占据你的大脑。”是对上文方法的举例说明, 故选G。‎ ‎3. 【解析】选D。根据本段小标题Cultivate optimism. (培养乐观。)可对应到D选项中Optimism。表示“乐观不仅仅是积极的期望。”符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎4. 【解析】选F。上文是在说明感恩的好处, 其中F选项It also has been shown to increase your feelings of happiness. (它也被证明能增加你的幸福感。)符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎5. 【解析】选B。本空为本段小标题, 根据本空下文Begin by imagining yourself in the future when you have gotten to where you want to be. (首先想象自己在未来, 那时你已经到达了你想要到达的地方。)可知, 是在想象“最好的自己”。故选B。‎ 关闭Word文档返回原板块