甘肃省天水市第一中学2021届高三上学期第一次模考英语试题 Word版含解析 22页

天水市一中2018级2020-2021学年度第一次考试试题 英语 第I卷 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Deciding to get her money's worth out of the wedding dress on which she spent over $1,000, an Australian woman has been wearing her wedding dress, a year after her wedding.‎ ‎43-year-old Tammy Hall adopted a new lifestyle-anti-consumerism （反消费主义） lifestyle in 2016 after a trip to India opened her eyes to how much we as a society consumed. She decided not to buy any new clothes or footwear for a whole year after she returned home to Adelaide, in Southern Australia, and she made it.‎ But last year, as her wedding day approached, she faced a dilemma. She wanted to look good on the most important day of her life, but how could she spend a small fortune on the wedding dress she would only wear on that day?‎ ‎"In the end I decided to get a wedding dress, and I could get my money's worth," Hall tells PA Real Life. The first time I wore it after the wedding was to vote in the Australian election in early 2019," the 43-year-old adds. "Since then, it's been to all sorts of places. Wearing it on a crowded train was especially funny, but I've worn it to do housework, to football games and to the gym."‎ Hall says that she has gotten some strange looks from people, but no annoying comments. Anyway, she doesn't really care, because she knows she has to hit the goal she has set and wearing the dress multiple times is the most reasonable way she could think of to make the most of her wedding dress.‎ Hall now plans to wear her wedding dress on a trip to Iceland that she and her partner will take next summer.‎ ‎1. Why did Tammy Hall adopt a new lifestyle?‎ A. To adapt herself to Indian life. B. To cut down her consumption.‎ C. To save money for her next trip. D. To get prepared for her wedding.‎ - 22 -‎ ‎2. What did Tammy Hall do to get her money's worth out of her wedding dress?‎ A. She brought fun to people with it. B. She tried to wear it to earn money.‎ C. She wore it repeatedly in daily life. D. She got it exchanged again and again.‎ ‎3. What can we infer about Tammy Hall?‎ A. She is determined to turn her ideas into practice, B. She values her wedding dress less than her trips C. She has been struggling to make the ends meet. D. She has influenced people's lifestyle widely.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，一位反消费主义观念的澳大利亚妇女，为了避免浪费，结婚后一直穿婚纱做各种事，她认为多次穿上这件婚纱是利用婚纱最合理的方式。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由题干关键词Tammy Hall和a new lifestyle可将答案定位到第二段。由第二段的句子"43-year-old Tammy Hall adopted a new lifestyle-anti-consumerism （反消费主义） lifestyle in 2016, after a trip to India opened her eyes to how much we as a society consumed(43岁的Tammy Hall在2016年接受了一种新的生活方式——反消费主义的生活方式，之前的一次印度之旅让她看清了我们这个社会的消费是多么的多)."和" She decided not to buy any new clothes or footwear for a whole year after she returned home to Adelaide (回到阿德莱德的家后，她决定一整年都不买任何新衣服和鞋子)"可知，她认为社会存在过度消费，所以接受反消费主义并缩减消费。所以为什么塔米·霍尔采取了一种新的生活方式是为了减少消费。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段的句子" … I could get my money's worth"和" The first time I wore it after the wedding was to vote in the Australian election in early 2019, "和"Since then, it's been to all sorts of places. Wearing it on a crowded train was especially funny, but I've worn it to do housework, to football games and to the gym."可知，为了确保从婚纱中得到价值，婚礼后她穿婚纱去2019年初的澳大利亚大选中投票，从那以后，婚纱去过各种各样的地方，在拥挤的火车上穿它特别有趣，但我穿它做家务、踢足球和健身，可知Tammy Hall在日常生活中穿婚纱。故选C项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ - 22 -‎ 推理判断题。由第二段的句子"She decided not to buy any new clothes or footwear for a whole year after she returned home to Adelaide, in Southern Australia, and she managed to make it" (回到Adelaide后，她决定一整年不买任何新衣服或新鞋，并做到了），第四段的句子"In the end l decided that if I was going to get a wedding dress, I'd make sure l could get my money's worth" (假如我要买一件婚纱，我会确保我能得到钱的价值——在第五段用天天穿婚纱的行动做到了）和倒数第二段的句子"Anyway, she doesn't really care, because she knows she has to hit the goal she has set and wearing the dress multiple times is the most reasonable way she could think of to make the most of her wedding dress." (不管怎么说，她其实并不在乎，因为她知道自己必须达到自己设定的目标，而多次穿上这件婚纱是她能想到的最合理的方式，才能最大限度地利用自己的婚纱。）由此推断出Tammy Hall是一个能把想法付诸实践的人。故选A项。‎ B Once a circle missed a wedge (楔子). The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. Finally it found a piece that fit perfectly. It was so happy. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too fast to notice flowers or talk to the worms. When it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped, left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.‎ In some strange sense we are more whole when we are missing something. The man who has everything is in some ways a poor man. He will never know what it feels like to yearn, to hope, to nourish(滋润) his soul with the dream of something better. He will never know the experience of having someone who loves him give him something he has always wanted or never had.‎ There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so. There is wholeness about the man or woman who has learned that he or she is strong enough to go through a tragedy(悲剧) and survive — he or she can lose someone and still feel like a complete person.‎ Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. When we accept that imperfection is part of being human, and when we can continue rolling through life and appreciate it, we will have achieved wholeness that others can only long for.‎ - 22 -‎ ‎4. Which may be an example of being whole?‎ A. A person has everything.‎ B. A person accepts his or her limitations.‎ C. A person loves someone and is loved.‎ D. A person feels blue for dropping unrealistic goals.‎ ‎5. How is a baseball season similar to life?‎ A. Easy come, easy go.‎ B. Failure is the mother of success.‎ C. Energy and persistence conquer all things.‎ D. Some battles you win and some battles you lose.‎ ‎6. How does the author clarify his idea?‎ A. Mainly by comparing.‎ B. Mainly by reasoning.‎ C. Mainly by informing.‎ D. Mainly by arguing.‎ ‎7. What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Pursue perfection in life B. Be whole in life C. Life without mistakes is whole D. No pains, no gains ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以一个小故事引出话题——人生不在于完美, 而在于完整。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段There is wholeness about the person who has come to terms with his limitations, who has been brave enough to let go of his unrealistic dreams and does not feel like a failure for doing so.（人生的完整性在于一个人知道如何面对他的缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃那些不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾）可知一个人接受他或她的缺陷，可能是“完整”的例子。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ - 22 -‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Life is more like a baseball season, when even the best team loses one third of its games and even the worst team has its days of brilliance. Our goal is to win more games than we lose. （人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的时候。我们的目标是赢的比赛比输的多）可知棒球赛季和生活的相似之处在于你有输有赢。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第二段内容(人生“完美”的人)和第三段内容(人生完整的人)作对比; 最后一段又拿baseball season和life作比较, 因此作者主要是通过作对比和作比较的方法来澄清他的观点的。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文作者通过圆和楔子的小故事感悟出这样的道理:从某种奇怪的意义上讲,当我们失去某些东西的时候,我们反而会更加完整,人生不在于完美而在于完整。因此不管是从故事内容还是从其诠释的人生哲理上，B项“完整的生命”作标题是最佳的。故选B。‎ C The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.‎ The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.‎ One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.‎ In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed - 22 -‎ ‎ onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.‎ Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.‎ ‎8. What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A. A new study of different plants.‎ B. A big fall in crime rates.‎ C. Employees from various workplaces.‎ D. Benefits from green plants.‎ ‎9. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?‎ A. To detect plants’ lack of water B. To change compositions of plants C. To make the life of plants longer.‎ D. To test chemicals in plants.‎ ‎10. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?‎ A. They will speed up energy production.‎ B. They may transmit electricity to the home.‎ C. They might help reduce energy consumption.‎ D. They could take the place of power plants.‎ ‎11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Can we grow more glowing plants?‎ B. How do we live with glowing plants?‎ C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?‎ D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C ‎【解析】‎ - 22 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example ,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。‎ - 22 -‎ D Time and how we experience it have always puzzled us. Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum (钟摆) and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar. As someone who understood the distinction observed, ''When you sit with a nice girl for two hours it seems like a minute, but when you sit on a hot stove, a minute seems like two hours. ''‎ Psychologists have long noticed that larger units of time, such as months and years, fly on swifter wings as we age. They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass. For example, a day at the office flies compared with a day at the beach.‎ Expectation and familiarity also make time seem to flow more rapidly. Almost all of us have had the experience of driving somewhere we've never been before. Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as lasing a long time. But the return trip, although exactly as long, seems to take far less time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.‎ When days become as identical as beads (小珠子)on a string, they mix together, and even months become a single day. To counter this, try to find ways to interrupt the structure of your day-- to stop time, so to speak.‎ Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems to be full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn't have to be.‎ ‎12. What is the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 used to show?‎ A Psychological time is quite puzzling.‎ B. Time should not be measured by a pendulum.‎ C. Physical time is different from psychological time D. Physical theory has nothing to do with the true sense of time ‎13. Why do units of time fly faster as we grow older?‎ A. Our sense of time changes.‎ B. We spend less time at the beach C. More time is structured and scheduled - 22 -‎ D. Time is structured with too many appointments.‎ ‎14. What does ''Novelty'' in paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. excitement B. unfamiliarity C. imagination D. amusement ‎15. What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To give various explanations about time B. To describe how we experience time physically C. To show the differences of two kinds of time D. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是同样的事情，同样的时间，但是心理层面的时间和物理概念的时间是有差别的。文章解释了时间为什么过的很快，以及怎样让它变慢。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据划线句子的上一句Physicists have created fascinating theories, but their time is measured by a pendulum and is not psychological time, which leaps with little regard to the clock or calendar(物理学家创造了有趣的理论，但他们的时间是通过钟摆衡量的，而不是心理时间，心理时间和钟表或日历没有关系。)可推测，划线句子是为了说明物理概念的时间和心理的时间是有区别的。C. Physical time is different from psychological time(物理时间和心理时间是有区别的)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的They also note that the more time is structured with schedules and appointments, the more rapidly it seems to pass．(他们还指出，日程表和约会安排的越多，时间似乎过得就越快。)可知，因为单位时间是被规划好的，所以越是细致规划的时间，看上去就过的越快。C. More time is structured and scheduled(更过的时间被规划和安排)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段的Surrounded by unfamiliar scenery, with no real idea of when we’ll arrive, we experience the trip as lasting a long time. The novelty of the outward journey has become routine.(‎ - 22 -‎ 周围是不熟悉的环境，不知道我们何时到达，我们经历的旅行似乎持续了很长时间。外面世界的novelty已经成了家常便饭。)根据句意可知，因为对周边环境的不熟悉才觉得时间过得慢，而这种情况成为我们生活的一种常规了。由此猜测，划线部分的意思是“不熟悉”。B. unfamiliarity(不熟悉)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的Learning something new is one of the ways to slow the passage of time. One of the reasons the days of our youth seems so full and long is that these are the days of learning and discovery. For many of us, learning ends when we leave school, but this doesn’t have to be. (学习新的东西是减缓时间流逝的方法之一。我们的青春岁月之所以充实而漫长，其中一个原因就是这些是学习和发现的日子。对于我们很多人来说，离开学校就是学习的结束，但这不一定非得这样。)可知，作者写篇文章的是为了陈述为什么时间过的很快，以及怎样让时间变慢。D. To explain why time flies and how to slow it down(为了解释为什么时间流逝的快，以及如何让它变慢)符合以上推测，故选D项。‎ 第二节 阅读填空 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Urban Wildlife Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors.‎ Cities are built for humans. ____16____For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.‎ ‎____17____When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of ‎ thousands of bats. ___18___ Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.‎ There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. ____19____‎ - 22 -‎ If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us. ____20____ Our own future will be endangered too.‎ A. They are built to protect birds.‎ B. Our actions sometimes help other species.‎ C. If we do not, more species will become extinct.‎ D. They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.‎ E. Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.‎ F. At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.‎ G. They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与环境，文章介绍了作者关于人类城市与野生动物关系的思考。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。空格前说Cities are built for humans，空格后的For example举例可知，城市并不总是为野生动物提供住所，故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内和段际关系的能力。此处设空在段首，考虑到段首句的作用，往往为主题句；由后面细节句提供的内容可知，我们人类的行为有时是可以帮助到野生动物的，故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查考生理解段内衔接关系的能力。根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断空所填句子与后文内容存在叙述和时间节点的对照关系，故选F。‎ ‎19题详解】‎ 考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内衔接关系的能力。根据空格位置关系可知，其填写内容一定与空前句存在话题一致、内容上的承接关系，故选E。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查考生理解篇章布局、建立段内衔接关系的能力。根据上文谈及人类如果能够与野生动物共享城市空间的好处，且空格后句子所涉及内容与空前句形成比照关系，以及空后句的标志词too，可确定答案，故选C。‎ - 22 -‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选 岀最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。‎ Two of the saddest words in the English language are "if only". I live my life with the ___21___ of never having to say those words. The two words ___22___regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and ___23___ . And sometimes the words "if only" go with ___24___disasters. Think about how many times you have heard about something awful happening, ___25___ by "if only he had called her back to make sure she was okay.” or “if only I had ___26___ that noise..." or “if only they had made sure the gate to the pool clicked behind them…"‎ My father-in-law is ___27___in our family for saying, “___28___ an extra minute to do it right. ” He must be doing something ___29___, since he's 91 years old and still making sense.‎ I always ____30____to live by the "extra minute'' rule. Sometimes it only takes seconds to make sure I write the words down ____31____, or check some information on the Internet, or move an object ____32____ before it trips someone.‎ And of course when my children were young and ____33____ to cause all kinds of troubles, I lived and breathed the "extra minute" ____34____ . I always thought about what I could do to _____35_____an "if only” moment, whether it was something simple like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding （衬垫）onto the ____36____corners of a glass coffee table.‎ I know there will still be ____37____ when I have to say "if only” about something, but my life is surely more peaceful because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that ____38____. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to ____39____ a personal connection, I know that Pm doing the right thing. I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of ____40____ for my emotional well-being.‎ ‎21. A. result B. luck C. goal D. role ‎22. A. convey B. handle C. experience D. raise ‎23. A. preparation B. disappointment C. aggression D. amazement ‎24. A. harmful B. shameful C. accessible D. terrible - 22 -‎ ‎25. A. accompanied B. accused C. contributed D. motivated ‎26. A. heard B. ignored C. examined D. shut ‎27. A. respectful B. respectable C. sensitive D. senseless ‎28. A. Propose B. Demand C. Charge D. Apply ‎29. A. wise B. familiar C. rare D. active ‎30. A. promise B. attempt C. afford D. hesitate ‎31. A. frequently B. normally C. accurately D. casually ‎32. A. across the way B. by the way C. on the way D. in the way ‎33. A. probable B. likely C. average D. ordinary ‎34. A. signal B. theory C. notice D. principle ‎35. A. prevent B. reflect C. admit D. regret ‎36. A. narrow B. plain C. sharp D. flexible ‎37. A. locations B. cases C. occasions D. events ‎38. A. record B. ending C. plot D. memory ‎39. A. keep B. remind C. transform D. deliver ‎40. A. program B. bargain C. purchase D. insurance ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文夹叙夹议。本文是夹叙夹议文。作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是“if only”，因为它们表达了遗憾、错失机会、错误和失望。作者按照“多花一分钟”的规则生活，尽力把事情做好以避免遗憾。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我生活的目标就是永远不要说那些话。A. result结果；B. luck运气；C. goal目标；D. role角色。在生活中我把避免说要是……就好了当作一个目标，前文说这2个字是最可悲的语言，所以这里要把避免说当作目标。故选C项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个词传达出了遗憾、失去机会、犯错误、失望等情绪。 A. convey - 22 -‎ 传达；B. handle处理；C. experience经历；D. raise举起。这里表示这2个词所代表的的意思，所以选择“传达”，故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个词传达出了遗憾、失去机会、犯错误、失望等情绪。A. preparation准备；B. disappointment失望；C. aggression侵略; D. amazement惊讶。根据前文的regret, lost opportunities, mistakes可知这里是一个贬义词, B项失望符合if only所传达的意思。故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个词有时跟糟糕的灾难联系在一起。A. harmful有害的；B. shameful羞耻的；C. accessible可进入的；D. terrible糟糕的。后一句中的awful是提示。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些糟糕的悲剧发生后，总是伴随着后悔的话语。A. accompanied伴随；B. accused指控；C. contributed贡献；D. motivated驱动。 这里表示坏事发生后紧接着会后悔，所以是伴随。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：要是我当时检查一下那个噪音就好了。A. heard听到；B. ignored忽视；C. examined检查；D. shut关闭。这里根据语境是糟糕的事情，所以噪音可能是事故发生的原因，所以要是事先检查一下就好了。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我岳父在我们家是受人尊敬的，因为他说：“请多给我一分钟时间把事情做好。A. respectful充满敬意的；B. respectable值得尊重的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. senseless没有意识的。根据　　　8　　　 an extra minute to do it right. 可知，我岳父在我们家是受人尊敬的，因为他说：“请多给我一分钟时间把事情做好。故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我岳父在我们家是受人尊敬的，因为他说：“请多给我一分钟时间把事情做好。A. propose建议；B. demand要求；C. charge要价；D. apply使用。这里指多花一分钟，故填apply表示“使用”，符合句意。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一定是在做明智的事情，因为他已经91岁了，还能说得通。‎ - 22 -‎ A. wise明智的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. rare稀有的；D. active积极的。根据后文的making sense，可知这里是夸公公聪明，做事情很明智。故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是试图遵照多花一分钟的原则来生活。 A. promise承诺；B. attempt试图；C. afford承担得起；D. hesitate犹豫。我想要尝试去多花一分钟做事情，使用这里是试图去做。故选B项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：确保自己写下的词语是准确的，上网查找一些信息，在绊倒某人之前把挡路的东西挪开，也不过多花几秒钟而已。A. frequently频繁地；B. normally正常地；C. accurately准确地；D. casually 随意地。前文make sure，所以这里是确保字写得准确，多花一分钟来检查。故选C项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：确保自己写下的词语是准确的，上网查找一些信息，在绊倒某人之前把挡路的东西挪开，也不过多花几秒钟而已。A. across the way路对面；B. by the way顺便提一下；C. on the way在路上；D. in the way挡路的。前文提到move an object，所以这里是东西挡在路上了。故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时我的孩子还小，很有可能导致各种麻烦，我总是遵照多花一分钟的原则来生活。 A. probable有可能的；B. likely有可能的；C. average平均的；D. ordinary普通的。A和B同义，但是probable不能用人作主语。根据“when my children were young”可知，当时我的孩子还小，很有可能导致各种麻烦。故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我的孩子还小，很有可能导致各种麻烦，我总是遵照多花一分钟的原则来生活。A. signal信号；B. theory理论；C. notice通知；D. principle原则。文章上一段中的rule和下一段中的policy是提示。故选D项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我常思考我能做什么来阻止遗憾的情况发生，不论是简单地把一杯热咖啡从桌边挪进去，还是麻烦一点地把衬垫粘到玻璃咖啡桌的尖角上。A. prevent阻止；B. reflect反思；C. admit承认；D. regret后悔。根据whether it was something simple like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a - 22 -‎ ‎ counter，作者是要多花一分钟的时间来阻止糟糕的事情发生。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我常思考我能做什么来阻止遗憾的情况发生，不论是简单地把一杯热咖啡从桌边挪进去，还是麻烦一点地把衬垫粘到玻璃咖啡桌的尖角上。A. narrow狭窄的；B. plain简单的；C. sharp尖锐的；D. flexible有弹性的。根据corners of a glass coffee table可知，指尖锐的咖啡桌桌角。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还是会有我不得不说这两个字的场合。A. locations地点；B. cases情况；C. occasions场合；D. events事件。case要搭配where使用，所以此处用occasions。根据when I have to say "if only” about something可知，还是会有我不得不说这两个字的场合。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的生活肯定更加平静，因为我采取了一切可能的策略来避免那种结局。A. record记录；B. ending结局；C. plot情节；D. memory回忆。我会尽一切可能避免遗憾的结局。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管做正确的事情需要多花一分钟，或者在我繁忙的日程中偶尔花一两个小时来保持个人联系。A. keep维持；B. remind提醒；C. transform变形；D. deliver递送。根据 it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule可知，维持人际关系可以用keep表达。故选A项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多花的这一分钟能避免遗憾，是我为自己愉快平和的心境买的最好的保险。A. program项目；B. bargain便宜货；C. purchase购买；D. insurance保险。 前文提到了buying myself peace of mind，所以是对自己心境的保障。故选D项。‎ 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空上处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A CCTV journalist's succeeded in arousing a ___41___（heat） discussion among netizens by asking people ___42___ they are happy. The responses to the question were various, even some quite funny ones___43___（include）. Although some people played jokes ___44___ the answers,‎ - 22 -‎ ‎ it didn't take long before they began to figure out the true meanings of happiness.‎ It is certain that people's views on happiness___45___（affect） greatly by their own life experience___46___（fortunate）, too many people refer to being rich as happiness. Some people___47___ intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income, ___48___（believe） that is where their happiness. Some are eager to inherit their parents' property, especially those who are known as silver﹣spoon kids. Even worse, some would rather break the law ___49___（satisfy） their financial desire or seek their fortune illegally.‎ In my opinion, happiness is not about pursuing wealth merely but about admiring the____50____（beauty） things in life. Therefore live your life to the fullest and be happy.‎ ‎【答案】41. heated ‎ ‎42. if/whether ‎ ‎43. included ‎ ‎44. on 45. are affected ‎ ‎46. Unfortunately ‎ ‎47. whose 48. believing ‎ ‎49. to satisfy ‎ ‎50. beautiful ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。CCTV记者做了一份关于什么是幸福的问卷调查, 不同的人给出了不同的看法，作者也给出了自己的看法。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：一位中央电视台记者通过问人们是否幸福在网民中激发了热烈的讨论。heated热烈的，discussion是名词，用形容词作定语。故填heated.‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查连词。 句意：一位中央电视台记者通过问人们是否幸福在网民中激发了热烈的讨论。ask后的宾语从句缺少连词, 根据语境用if/whether引导宾语从句, 意为“是否”。 故填if/whether。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。 句意：对这个问题的回答五花八门, 甚至包括一些相当有趣的回答。ones和include 之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 故填included。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 22 -‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：尽管有些人对答案开玩笑。play jokes on开……的玩笑, 是固定搭配。故填on。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词语态和时态。 句意：毋庸置疑, 人们对于幸福的看法很大程度上受他们的生活经验所影响。people's views和affect之间是被动关系, 且表示一般事实, 要用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are affected。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查副词。 句意：不幸的是, 太多的人认为富有就是幸福。修饰句子要用副词。故填Unfortunately。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。 句意：有些目的是赚大钱人很感激给他们收入倍增的任何机会. 先行词people在定语从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。 故填whose。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。 句意：相信那是他们幸福的所在。 people与believe之间是主谓关系, 用现在分词作状语。故填believing。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。 句意：有些人宁愿触犯法律来满足他们的经济欲望或非法地寻找他们的财富。此处动词不定式表示目的, 作目的状语。故填to satisfy。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词。 句意：幸福不仅仅是追求财富, 而是欣赏生活中美丽的东西。 things是名词, 要用形容词修饰作定语。故填beautiful。‎ 第三部分 写作 第一节 短文改错 ‎51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(N) ，并在其: 下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ - 22 -‎ As my third year of high school life has come, I felt a little stressful, because I want to enter a better college, and my scores worry me. I have made my mind to study harder. Firstly, I need to improving my weak subjects. I decide to go over the important knowledges and ask my classmates for help. My good friend Lily is very patient. With her help, I will make a great progress. Secondly, the exam papers hand out every time, I will scan my mistakes and make sure what to make them right. Finally, I will make fully use of my spare time. I believe the aim will make you stronger.‎ ‎【答案】1. felt→feel ‎2.and→but ‎3. make后加up ‎4. improving→improve ‎5. knowledges→knowledge ‎6. 去掉make后a ‎7. hand→handed ‎8. what→how ‎9. fully→full ‎10. you→me ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。随着高三的到来，作者的压力也随之而来，为了考入更好的大学，作者列出了几个方法来提高自己的成绩。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查时态。句意：随着高三的到来，我感到有点压力，因为我想进入一个更好的大学，但我的成绩让我担心。根据语境可知，此处作者是在描述自己的情绪，故用一般现在时，故将felt改为feel。‎ ‎2. 考查并列连词。句意：随着高三的到来，我感到有点压力，因为我想进入一个更好的大学，但我的成绩让我担心。根据句意可知，I felt a little stressful和my scores worry me是转折关系，而不是并列关系，故将and改为but。‎ ‎3.考查固定词组。句意：我已下定决心更加努力地学习。根据句意可知，make up one’s mind to do sth.是固定短语，意为“下定决心做……”，故在make后加up。‎ ‎4.考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，我需要提高我的薄弱学科。根据句意可知，need to do是固定用法，故将improving改为improve。‎ - 22 -‎ ‎5.考查名词。句意：我决定复习重要的知识，并向我的同学寻求帮助。根据句意可知，knowledge意为“知识”，是不可数名词，故将knowledges改为knowledge。‎ ‎6.考查名词的数。句意：在她的帮助下，我会取得很大的进步。根据句意可知，make great progress是固定搭配，意为“取得巨大进步”，其中progress是不可数名词，故将make后的a去掉。‎ ‎7.考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，每次发的考卷，我会检查我的错误并确保怎样修正这些错误。分析句子结构可知，hand out 在此处是过去分词做后置定语，修饰the exam papers，且hand out和the exam papers是被动关系，故将hand改为handed。‎ ‎8.考查疑问代词。句意：其次，每次发的考卷，我会检查我的错误并确保怎样修正这些错误。分析句子结构可知，make them是动宾结构，疑问代词what在“疑问代词+to do”结构中做宾语，故此处what重复，再结合句意可知，应改为how意为“怎样”，故将what改为how。‎ ‎9.考查形容词。句意：最后，我会充分利用我的业余时间。我相信这个目标会让我更强大。根据句意可知，make full use of是固定搭配，意为“充分利用”，故将fully改为full。‎ ‎10. 考查代词。句意：最后，我会充分利用我的业余时间。我相信这个目标会让我更强大。根据句意可知，我相信这个目标会让我更强大。you指代错误，故将you改为me。‎ 第二节 书面表达 ‎52. 假定你是李明，你的新西兰朋友Steven向你了解中国在抗击新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的成就。请你根据下列要点给他回复一封电子邮件。‎ ‎1.英明的领导做出的正确决定；2.强有力的政府给病人免费治疗；3.专业敬职的医生和配合的人民。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇:Lock down封城；free medication免费医疗；specialized and dedicated专业敬职 Dear Steven,‎ I’m glad to receive your letter asking for how successful China is in struggling against COVID-19. Thank you for your concern.‎ - 22 -‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Ming ‎【答案】Dear Steven,‎ I’m glad to receive your letter asking for how successful China is in struggling against COVID-19. Thank you for your concern.‎ We are winning the battle. In just two months, the world has seen the miracle that appears in China. How have we done it?‎ Firstly, we have outstanding leaders, who made wise decisions without delay. Wuhan, the hardest-hit city, was locked down before virus got spread further. Secondly, we have powerful and effective government. Local officials, community workers and volunteers visited every family in the city to find the suspected patients and gave them free medication. Thirdly we have very specialized and dedicated doctors, whose moving stories will be told forever. Lastly, we have very cooperative people, who are willing to do whatever they are instructed to by the government.‎ What we have been experiencing in China will be part of our glory history.‎ Best wishes.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Ming ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。要求考生给你的新西兰朋友Steven介绍中国在抗击新冠肺炎(COVID-19)的成就写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：一般现在时和一般过去时 结构：总-分。‎ 总括段：第一段：提出写信目的（thanks for concern）；‎ 分述段：第二段：中国战胜病毒；‎ 第三段：战胜病毒的原因。‎ - 22 -‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ lock down，free medication，specialized and dedicated，struggle against，miracle， wise decisions，powerful and effective government，be willing to do， glory history 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.I’m glad to receive your letter asking for how successful China is in struggling against COVID-19.‎ ‎2.In just two months, the world has seen the miracle that appears in China.‎ ‎3.Firstly, we have outstanding leaders, who made wise decisions without delay.‎ ‎4.Secondly, we have powerful and effective government.‎ ‎5.Lastly, we have very cooperative people, who are willing to do whatever they are instructed to by the government.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用很多较好句式，如：Thirdly, we have very specialized and dedicated doctors, whose moving stories will be told forever.该句使用了非限制性定语从句；What we have been experiencing in China will be part of our glory history.该句使用了名词性从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 22 -‎