高中英语外研版必修2测试：Unit2 Section Ⅰ 6页

www.ks5u.com Section Ⅰ　Introduction & Reading and vocabulary 分类记单词 核心单词 ‎1.cancer n. 癌症 ‎ ‎2．tobacco n. 烟草；烟丝 ‎3．needle n. (注射用的)针；针管 ‎ ‎4．nearby adj. 附近的 ‎ ‎5．reduce vt. 减少 拓展单词 ‎1.power n．权力→powerful adj.有力的；(药等)有功效的 ‎2．danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.使遭受危险，危及 ‎3．addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子→addicted adj.上瘾的；成瘾的→addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的→addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好 阅读单词 ‎1.drug n. 毒品 ‎2．bronchitis n. 支气管炎 ‎3．cannabis n. 大麻 ‎4．cocaine n. 可卡因 ‎5．inject vt. 注射 联想背短语 ‎1．die_from 死于 ‎2．(be)_related_to 有关系的/有关联的 ‎3．look_up 查阅 ‎ ‎4．share..._with_sb. 与某人分享……‎ ‎5．belong_to 属于 ‎6．become/be_addicted_to 对……上瘾；沉迷于 ‎7．break_into 破门而入；强行闯入 ‎8．in_danger 处于危险之中 精彩写句式 ‎1.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ‎... I used_to_be a drug addict.‎ ‎……我曾经是个瘾君子。‎ ‎2．动名词(短语)作主语 Using (use) cocaine increases the user's heart rate and blood pressure.‎ 使用可卡因会让使用者的心率加快并使血压升高。‎ ‎3．现在分词(短语)作伴随状语 Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping_others_to_stop_taking_drugs.‎ 现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助其他人戒毒。‎ 重点单词突破 ‎1.reduce vt.减少；降低 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10% since 2017, we can't afford it either.‎ ‎(2)Last week the price of eggs reduced to 8 yuan per kilogram.‎ ‎2．addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子 vt.使成瘾；使沉溺于……‎ 单句语法填空 ‎(1)He spends most of his time working, so he is a work addict.‎ ‎(2)Li Ming is a computer game addict, and his father has been trying to stop him from being addicted to computer games which are addictive.(addict)‎ ‎(3)He was addicting (addict) himself to playing the violin and didn't find someone walk into his house.‎ 一句多译 很多孩子沉迷于上网，因此他们对学习失去了兴趣．‎ ‎(1)Many_kids_become_/_are_/_get_addicted_to_surfing_the_Net,_and so they have lost interest in study.‎ ‎(2)Many_kids_addict_themselves_to_surfing_the_Net,_and so they have lost interest in study.‎ ‎(3)Addicted_to_surfing_the_Net,_many kids have lost interest in study.‎ ‎3．danger n．[U]危险；[C]危险的人或物 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎(1)Police said the man was a danger to the public.‎ ‎(2)Many dangerous animals are in danger of dying out.‎ ‎(3)The operation was a success and she is now out_of danger. ‎ ‎(4)Though tigers are dangerous (danger) to people, we should protect them or they will die out.‎ ‎(5)As we all know, smoking is serious danger to health.serious前加a 短语句式突破 ‎1.die from 死于……(通常指死于外因，如灾祸、暴力、负伤等)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎(1)A large number of ocean animals died_from global warming.‎ ‎(2)The flowers are_dying (die) off because there has been no rain.‎ ‎(3)No one has come up with a better explanation of why dinosaurs died out.‎ ‎2．(be) related to 有关系的；有关联的 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.‎ ‎(2)I can't relate what you said to/with what I saw.‎ ‎(3)I have a lot to say in/with_relation_to that thing.‎ ‎3．belong to属于 单句语法填空 ‎(1)As is known to us, China is a country belonging (belong) to developing countries.‎ ‎(2)Having sold most of his belongings (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.‎ 高考小作文 剪纸有1 500多年的历史，属于传统的中国艺术。‎ Papercutting has a history of over 1,500 years, which_belongs_to traditional art in China.‎ ‎4．break into 破门而入；强行闯入；突然……起来 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Don't break into their conversation; they are discussing something important.‎ ‎(2)Please don't break in when others are talking.‎ ‎(3)The elevators in this building are always breaking down.‎ ‎5．句型公式： using cocaine为动名词短语 ‎(教材原句)Using cocaine increases the user's heart rate and blood pressure.‎ 使用可卡因会加快使用者的心率并使血压升高。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎(1)His missing (miss) the train caused him to stay in the city for another day.‎ ‎(2)Missing the bus means (mean) waiting for another hour.‎ ‎(3)I think it is no good reading (read) in bed.‎ ‎6．句型公式：现在分词短语作状语 ‎(教材原句)Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping other.‎ 现在我在一家戒毒中心工作，帮助其他人戒毒。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎ (1)Living (live) far from my company, I have to get up early every morning.‎ ‎ (2)Working (work) hard, you will succeed.‎ 单句写作 Some students spend too much time on QQ and WeChat, making_(make)_their_teachers_and_parents_worried.‎ 一些学生花了太多的时间在QQ和微信上，这让他们的老师和家长担忧。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/单句语法填空 ‎1．As we all know, smoking can cause lung cancer (癌症)．‎ ‎2．The problem with computer games is that they are addictive (令人上瘾的)．‎ ‎3．One of the biggest dangers (危险的事情) we face may be the climate change.‎ ‎4．They have reduced (降低) the prices in the shop, so it's a good time to go shopping.‎ ‎5．We went out to have dinner in a nearby (附近的) restaurant.‎ ‎6．The newlymade medicine is the most powerful (有功效的) in stopping headaches.‎ ‎7．Tom used to get up late in the past, but now he is used to getting (get) up early.‎ ‎8．Learning (learn) a language requires time and effort.‎ ‎9．The policeman found that the house had_been_broken (break) into and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen.‎ ‎10．The house belonging (belong) to Mr. Green's family for 50 years will be pulled down next week.‎ ‎11．People in the area died from accidents related (relate) to drinking alcohol.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Being addicted in the Internet, as many young people do, will have a bad effect on their mental and physical health.in→to ‎2．Thieves broke into and stole computer equipment worth ￡ 900 while we were away on holiday.into→in ‎3．I think I will take you advice and go to see a doctor soon.you→your ‎4．Listening to loud music have caused hearing loss in some teenagers.have→has ‎5．Live in the country means that I can get up at 6：00 in the morning and enjoy the nice fresh air.Live→Living Ⅲ.阅读理解 A A government survey suggests the number of high school and middle school students using electronic cigarettes fell to 2.2 million last year, from 3 million the year before. “It certainly is a public health win，” said Brian King, an expert on smoking and health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)．‎ It's the first decrease the CDC has reported in teen vaping (电子烟) since the agency began tracking it in 2011. The findings are similar to a recent University of Michigan survey, which also noticed the decrease. It's unclear why teen vaping fell last year, and it's too soon to know if the numbers will continue to drop.‎ One possibility may be a growing push to ban the sale of ecigarettes to minors (未成年人), including a federal regulation that took effect in August. Another may be the influence of ad campaigns by the government and other organizations to stop kids from smoking, the CDC said.‎ Ecigarettes may also be losing their novelty (新奇) among teens, said Matthew Farrelly, a tobacco control researcher at RTI International. Studies suggest many kids who vape use the products less often than kids who smoke cigarettes — a sign that vaping seems to be more social and experimental, some experts said. “These products were new and unusual and now we're starting to see that_change，” said Robin Koval, president of Truth Initiative, a public health education organization that runs antitobacco ads.‎ According to the CDC, cigarette smoking among young people has been falling for many years, but the decrease in ecigarettes was more remarkable (显著的). In 2011, 1,5 percent of high school students said they'd recently vaped. That jumped to 16 percent in 2015, and it's become more common than cigarette smoking. But it dropped to about 11 percent last year, the CDC said. For middle school students, about 5 percent said they'd recently vaped in 2015. That fell to about 4 percent last year, the study found.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项政府调查表明，使用电子烟的中学生大幅下降。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined part “that change” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A．Ecigarettes are becoming less fresh.‎ B．Ecigarettes seem more social and experimental.‎ C．More kids are starting to smoke cigarettes.‎ D．More kids are starting to use ecigarettes.‎ 答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Ecigarettes may also be losing their novelty (新奇) among teens... These products were new and unusual”可知，电子烟对青少年来说没有以前新奇。‎ ‎2．What's the main idea of the third paragraph?‎ A．The ban on ecigarettes.‎ B．The influence of ecigarettes.‎ C．The popularity of ecigarettes.‎ D．The reason why teen vaping fell.‎ 答案与解析：D　段落大意题。根据本段中的“One possibility may be a growing push to ban the sale of ecigarettes... Another may be the influence of ad campaigns”可知，本段主要分析青少年使用电子烟下降的原因。‎ ‎3．Why does the author use the data in the last paragraph?‎ A．To tell us how the CDC carried out the research.‎ B．To show the clear decrease in using ecigarettes.‎ C．To introduce the fall in cigarette smoking.‎ D．To explain why school students vaped.‎ 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“cigarette smoking among young people has been falling for many years, but the decrease in ecigarettes was more remarkable (显著的)”可知，作者用具体的数据说明学生中电子烟的使用下降这一现象。‎ ‎4．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To give information. B．To educate teenagers.‎ C．To persuade adults. D．To give instructions.‎ 答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据本文内容，尤其是第一段中的“A government survey suggests...”可知，作者写文章的目的是让读者知晓一项调查结果，故选A。‎ B ‎[2019·广东汕头金山中学月考]‎ New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes (基因) will stay there for a much longer time.‎ In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were nonsmokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed — a number that is onethird of known human genes.‎ According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their daytoday lives while doing things like smoking.‎ When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years. This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It's almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥) — it will always be there, even when you've walked away and when the cement becomes dry.‎ Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。研究发现即使已经戒烟，它对基因造成的伤害还会保留很长的时间，基因变化会使人患心脏病和癌症。‎ ‎5．The function of Paragraph 1 is to ________.‎ A．give an example B．arouse readers' interest C．make an argument D．give the main idea of the passage 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由第一段“New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes (基因) will stay there for a much longer time.”可知，新的研究发现，即使你戒烟，它对你的基因造成的损害也会在身体里停留更长的时间。以及下文通过实验说明这一问题的具体的影响，所以第一段点明了短文的主题，同时第1段的作用也是引起读者的兴趣。故B选项正确。‎ ‎6．Most genetic changes happen because of ________.‎ A．people's condition at birth B．environmental pollution C．people's bad living habits D．heart disease and cancer 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第三段“Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their daytoday lives while doing things like smoking.”可知，有些人可能在出生时基因就已经发生了变化，但大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中如吸烟所导致的。所以大多数人的基因变化是日常生活中不良的生活习惯导致的。故C选项正确。‎ ‎7．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.‎ A．the cement B．the footprint C．the harmful effects D．the genetic change 答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。由第四段“It's almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥) — it will always be there, even when you've walked away and when the cement becomes dry.”可知，这几乎就像在湿水泥上留下一个脚印——，即使当你走了，当水泥变干的时候，它会一直在那里。所以第4段中带下划线的“it”一词是指“足迹”。故B选项正确。‎ ‎8．Which of the following statements is true?‎ A．The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research.‎ B．The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.‎ C．The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.‎ D．The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.‎ 答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由最后一段“the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.”可知，这项发现可以帮助科学家发明药物来治疗吸烟造成的基因损伤，或者找到方法来判断哪些人患有心脏病或癌症。所以D选项“这些发现有助于找到治疗吸烟引起的基因损伤的方法”是正确的。故D选项正确。‎ Ⅳ.七选五 ‎　　 Ali is from an African country. He now stays in the USA. He smokes a lot of cigarettes every day. He has smoked for nine years. Ali says, “I tried to give up smoking in my hometown, but it was impossible. My parents smoke. My brothers smoke. All my friends smoke. At parties and at meetings, almost all the men smoke. __1__ It will be easier to change the smoking habit here.”‎ ‎ Many smokers are like Ali: they want to stop smoking. __2__ They know it can cause cancer and heart disease. But it is difficult for them to give up smoking because there is a drug in cigarettes. The drug is nicotine (尼古丁). People who smoke a lot need nicotine. When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels terrible. __3__ In a few days, the smoker's body is used to the nicotine, and he feels fine. Later, the smoker needs nicotine to keep feeling fine. Without nicotine, he feels bad.‎ ‎ __4__ Many people who give up smoking will soon smoke again. At a party or at work they will decide to smoke “just one” cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette, and another. Soon they become smokers again. __5__‎ ‎ A．The nicotine makes him sick.‎ ‎ B．It is very hard to give up smoking.‎ ‎ C．Here in the United States, not as many people smoke.‎ ‎ D．Thus nicotine makes smokers addicted to cigarettes.‎ ‎ E．The smokers know that smoking is bad for their health.‎ ‎ F．Maybe there is only one easy way to give up smoking: never start.‎ ‎ G．But it is said that medicine is needed to stop them from smoking.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要通过介绍Ali以及和Ali相似的人很难戒烟的痛苦经历告诉读者，戒烟很困难，最好就是从不吸烟。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：C'根据上文可知，在Ali的家乡很多人都吸烟，所以戒烟比较困难，下文提到“在这里改变吸烟习惯将更容易”，由此可知，C项“在美国没有那么多人吸烟”符合语境。C项中的“Here”与空后一句中的here相照应。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：E'根据下文中的“They know it can cause cancer and heart disease”可知，他们知道吸烟会导致癌症和心脏病。E项“吸烟者知道吸烟有害健康”符合语境。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：A'空前提到“When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels terrible”，A项中的“sick”是对“terrible”的具体解释。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：B'根据下文中的“Many people who give up smoking will soon smoke again”可知，很多人戒烟后不久又开始吸烟了，所以戒烟很难。B项“戒烟非常难”符合语境。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：F'根据上文内容可知，一旦吸烟，就很难戒掉，还总会出现戒烟后又再吸的情况，所以F项“也许只有一种简单的戒烟方法：永远不要开始(吸烟)”符合语境，这是本段的结论。‎