2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修2Unit4Cyberspace 23页

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．virtual adj.　　　　　　　 虚拟的 ‎2．pessimistic adj. 悲观的，厌世的 ‎3．destruction n. 破坏，毁灭 ‎4．military adj. 军事的，军用的 ‎5．hacker n. 电脑黑客 ‎6．global adj. 全球的，全世界的 ‎7．surfing n. 冲浪 ‎8．site n. (事物或事件发生)场所，位置 ‎9．spider n. 蜘蛛 ‎10．fashion n. 时髦，时尚 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．likely adj. 有可能的 adv. (与most，very连用)可能 ‎2．focus vi. 集中注意 ‎3．guide n. 指南；导游，向导 ‎4．climate n. 气候 ‎5．affect vt. 影响 ‎6．attack n．& vt. 攻击，进攻 ‎7．project n. 课题；方案；工程 ‎8．disappear vi. 消失 ‎9．suburb n. 市郊，郊区 ‎10．destination_n. 目的地 ‎11．offer n．& vt. 提供，提议；出价；优惠 ‎12．view n. 景色，风景 ‎13．crash vt. (汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁 ‎14．average adj. 平均的 n. 平均数 ‎15．historical adj.[纵联1] 历史的，有关历史的 ‎16．locate vt. 坐落于；位于 ‎17．smoker n. 　　[纵联2] 吸烟者 ‎18．crime n. 　 　[纵联3] 犯罪；罪行 ‎19．tourism n．　[纵联4] 观光，游览 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．reality n．真实，现实→realize vt.实现；意识到→real adj.真实的，真的 ‎2．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 ‎3．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 ‎4．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 ‎5．arrangement n．安排→arrange vt.安排 ‎6．settle vi.定居 vt.解决，使定居→settlement n．解决；定居地 ‎7．attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n．吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人→attract vt.吸引 ‎8．entertainment n．娱乐；款待→entertain v．娱乐；招待→entertaining adj.使愉快的；有趣的 ‎9．suggestion n．建议，提议→suggest vt.建议，提议 ‎10．terrorist n．恐怖分子→terrorism n．恐怖主义→terror n．恐怖→terrify vt.使恐怖；使惊吓→terrifying adj.令人恐怖的→terrified adj.感到恐怖的 纵联1.以“ical”结尾的形容词一览 ‎①political政治的 ②economical 经济的；节约的 ‎③geographical地理(学)的 ④historical与历史有关的 ‎⑤magical神奇的 ⑥musical音乐的；悦耳的 ‎⑦electrical与电有关的 ⑧logical逻辑的 纵联2.盘点含后缀“er”的名词 ‎①beginner初学者 ②swimmer游泳者 ‎③traveller旅游者 ④farmer农民 ‎⑤smoker吸烟者 纵联3.由crime想到的 ‎①theft n．偷窃 ②robbery n．抢劫 ‎③kidnap n．绑架 ④murder n．谋杀 ‎⑤corruption n．贪污 ⑥cheating n．作弊 ‎⑦domestic violence家庭暴力 纵联4.走进“旅游(行)”圈 ‎　①tourism旅游业 ②tourist游客 ‎③journey长途旅行 ④travel旅行 ‎⑤trip短途旅行 ⑥tour观光旅行 ‎⑦voyage(乘船)航行，航海 单元话题——计算机科学 子话题1　计算机硬件 ‎①mainboard主板 ②RAM内存 ‎③keyboard键盘 ④mouse鼠标 ‎⑤monitor显示屏 ⑥chip芯片 ‎⑦speaker扬声器 ⑧scanner扫描仪 ‎⑨hard disk硬盘 子话题2　计算机编程 ‎①account lockout账号封锁 ②adapter适配器 ‎③alias小应用程序 ④domain controller域名控制器 ‎⑤attack攻击 ⑥backend后端 ‎⑦decipher破译 ⑧cipher密码 ‎⑨database数据库 子话题3　网络社交 ‎①blog博客 ②Facebook脸书 ‎③Usenet新闻论坛 ④newbie网络新手 ‎⑤FAQ常见问题解答 ⑥spam垃圾邮件 ‎⑦BBS电子公告板 ⑧WeChat微信 ‎ [学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)Soon afterwards, many of those people started 　❶　 (settle) down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades❷， all have caused many languages to disappear❸， and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.‎ ‎①用所给词的适当形式填空：settling ‎②加黑短语常与现在完成时连用 ‎③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：消失 ‎2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)Includes a guided tour❶ of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Ⅷ's favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included)．With 500 years of history❷， Hampton Court was once the home 　❸　 four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：tourism ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：historical ‎③处应填介词：of ‎3．(2015·陕西高考阅读C)On a local level, the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields 　❶　 (effects/affects) the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home❷ for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result, many species are quickly dying 　❸　.‎ ‎①选词填空：affects ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：site ‎ ‎③处应填副词：out，构成短语die_out，意为灭绝 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你比规定的时间晚到，主人会不开心，这会影响你们的关系。(affect)‎ If_your_arrival_is_later_than_the_fixed_time,_the_host_will_be_unpleased,_which_will_affect_your_relationship.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校位于郊外，有一个有着现代化设施的大体育馆。(locate, suburb)‎ Our_school_is_located_in_the_suburb_and_there_is_a_big_gymnasium_with_modern_facilities_in_it.‎ ‎3．(2017·北京高考书面表达)‎ 而且，沿河风景优美，有很多吸引人的游览点。这就是我认为长江之行是更好选择的原因。(view, attractive)‎ Moreover,_the_view_along_the_river_is_amazing,_with_many_attractive_sightseeing_spots.That's_why_I_think_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_is_a_better_choice.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．likely adj.有可能的adv.(与most，very连用)可能 ‎[记牢]‎ be likely to do sth.　　　　　　　 很可能做某事 It is likely that ... 很可能……‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①Students will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely to_be_formed (form)．‎ ‎②It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.‎ ‎[辨清]　likely, probable, possible likely ‎“有可能的”，常用来指从表面现象上看可能性很大，其主语可以是人，也可以是物，常构成句型sb./sth.＋be＋likely to do sth.和It is likely that ...‎ probable ‎“很有可能的”，常用来指有根据、合乎情理、值得相信的事，其可能性最大，相当于most likely，其主语是it或物，常构成句型It is/seems probable that ...‎ possible ‎“有可能的”，强调客观上的可能性，常暗示可能性很小，其主语只能是it，常构成句型It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或It is possible that ...‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎③(2018·江苏高考书面表达)当今，大多数商品或服务通过某些渠道被排名。很可能这些排名在消费者的购买决定中起着一种重要作用。‎ Nowadays,_most_commodities_or_services_are_rated_through_certain_channels.It_is_likely_that_these_ratings_play_an_important_role_in_customers'_purchase_decision.‎ ‎2．focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦 n．焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)focus on/upon sth./sb.　　 集中注意力于某物/人 focus one's attention/eyes on 注意力集中于 ‎(2)in focus 焦距对准；清晰 out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①You'd better focus your attention on/upon your studies.‎ ‎②The key question is in_focus; why not reach a decision? ‎ ‎③Instead of focusing on_your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The children's faces are_badly_out_of_focus_in the photograph.‎ 照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。‎ ‎⑤I am so tired that I can't focus_on anything today.‎ 我今天太累了，集中不了精力做任何事。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2014·四川高考书面表达)在过去的几个月里我做了很好的准备。我每天专心于学习，感到相当自信。‎ In_the_past_few_months,_I've_made_good_preparations.Every_day_I_focused_my_attention_on_my_studies_and_felt_pretty_confident.‎ ‎3．offer n．& vt.提供，提议；出价；优惠 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)make an offer of help/support/food ‎ 主动提供帮助/支持/食物 make an offer to do sth. 主动要做某事 ‎(2)offer sb.sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.　 主动把某物给某人 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①The driver offered to_drive (drive) us to the station.‎ ‎②In a word, we should offer our help and love to the people in need.‎ ‎③When he graduated from college, he made an offer to_be_sent (send) to a remote village school.‎ ‎[用准]　supply和provide也有“提供，供应”之意，其常用搭配是：‎ ‎①supply sb.with sth.＝ supply sth.to sb.‎ ‎②provide sb.with sth.＝ provide sth.for sb.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)你最好带些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。当你到的时候，你不妨主动先把礼物给你的朋友。‎ You'd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country.When_you_arrive,_you_may_as_well_offer_your_gifts_to_your_friend_first.‎ ‎4．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)do/cause harm to ...　　　　 对……造成伤害 do sb.harm＝do harm to sb. 伤害某人；对某人有害 There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处 ‎(2)harmful adj. 有害的，导致损害的 be harmful to ... 对……有害 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Indeed, the phone can bring great convenience to our life.However, it can be harmful (harm) to our friendship.‎ ‎②Fiercely debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork.‎ 完成句子 ‎③If you want to solve the problem in this way, there_is_no_harm_in_calling_him.‎ 如果你想以这种方式来解决问题，你不妨给他打个电话。‎ ‎④These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing/doing_serious_harm_to life and the environment.‎ 最近，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2014·湖南高考书面表达)众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着重要作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。‎ As_is_known_to_us_all,_shoes_play_an_important_role_in_our_life,_for_they_can_protect_our_feet_from_being_harmed.‎ ‎5．suggestion n．建议，提议；意见；暗示 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)make/offer/give a suggestion　　 建议，提议 ask for a suggestion 征求建议 ‎(2)suggest vt. 建议，提议；推荐；‎ ‎ 表明，暗示 suggest (sb.'s) doing sth. 建议(某人)做某事 suggest (that) ... (should) do 建议……(从句用虚拟语气)‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Someone suggested sending (send) his brother to the US for treatment.‎ ‎②Mother suggested that she (should)_adapt (adapt) herself to her new conditions in college ‎ as soon as possible.‎ ‎③Mr Li gave me a suggestion (suggest) that I (should) pay more attention to my handwriting.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Her friends suggested that she_(should)_have a medical examination.‎ 她的朋友建议她做个体检。‎ ‎[用准]　suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，其主语往往是事物，而不是人，这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。‎ ‎⑤The smile on her face suggested that she was (be) quite satisfied with the result.‎ 她脸上的笑容表明她对这个结果十分满意。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你多与中国人练习。‎ To_master_Mandarin,_I_strongly_suggest_you_(should)_practice_with_Chinese_people.‎ ‎6．settle vi.定居，安家；停留 vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中settle的含义 ‎①Qingdao is a beautiful city and I wish to settle there.定居 ‎②I don't think the snow will settle.停留 ‎③There's only one way to settle the argument.解决 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)settle down/get settled ‎ 定居；稳定；平静下来；舒适地坐下　‎ settle down to (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事 settle in/into 定居；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)‎ settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落 ‎(2)settler n. 移居者 settlement n. 解决；(新)定居地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④(2017·天津高考)Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle down,_get married, and have kids.‎ ‎⑤The chief and his tribe helped the settlers (settle) build shelters for the winter.‎ ‎⑥An experienced teacher will help you settle into school life.‎ ‎⑦We stand for a peaceful settlement_(settle) of the international dispute.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑧Have you settled_on_a_name for the baby yet?‎ 你给孩子起好名字了吗？‎ ‎⑨I must settle_down_to_finishing_writing the book.It is very urgent.‎ 我真的得安下心来写完这本书了，这很着急。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑩(2014·天津高考书面表达)我们学校位于中国北方的一座城市。当你定居下来后，你会品尝到各种美食，因为它以小吃而闻名。‎ Our_school_is_located_in_a_northern_city_of_China.When_you_settle_down,_you_can_taste_many_kinds_of_delicious_food,_because_it_is_well_famous_for_its_snacks.‎ ‎7．view n．景色，风景；视野；观点，意见 vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作；考虑 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中view的含义 ‎①People came from all over the world to view her work. 观看 ‎②When the old man opened the window, a stranger with a high hat came into view. 视野 ‎③He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city. 景色 ‎④We'd like to find out young people's views on religion. 观点 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)come into view　　　　　　　 看得见，进入视野 in view 在视野范围内 have a good view of 清楚地看到；饱览 ‎(2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到 in one's view 在某人看来 ‎(3)view ...as 把……看作 ‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎⑤As the car approached the town center, several tall buildings came into view.‎ ‎⑥When the car was first made, the design was viewed as highly original.‎ ‎⑦In view of the weather, we'll call off the outing.‎ ‎⑧She waited until the whole island was in view and then took a photo.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑨In_my_view,_we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.‎ 在我看来，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。‎ ‎⑩I didn't have_a_good_view_of the stage.‎ 我看不清楚舞台。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑪(2013·辽宁高考书面表达)那晚的月亮是整个农历月中最明亮的。我们最爱的就是一家人一起赏月的时候。‎ The_moon_that_night_looks_the_brightest_in_the_whole_lunar_month.What_we_love_most_is_the_time_when_we_have_a_good_view_of_the_full_moon_together.‎ ‎8．average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n．平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中average的词性及含义 ‎①Each person raised an average of ￡60 to plant an acre of trees.n.平均数 ‎②Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.v.平均为 ‎③The average temperature in May was 4℃ below normal.adj.平均的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)an average of　　　　　　　 平均有(后跟数词)‎ on (the) average 平均起来 above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下 ‎(2)average out 算出平均数 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④(2015·重庆高考)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ above the average.‎ ‎⑤Men lose an average of 3－4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑥The computer will average_out the yearly statistics.‎ 电脑将把每年的平均数据计算出来。‎ ‎⑦On_average,_people who don't smoke are healthier than those who do.‎ 一般来说，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人身体健康。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑧(2012·四川高考书面表达)我的英语在平均水平以上，但是我学习中有两个主要问题：一是记忆单词困难，二是说英语时经常感到紧张。‎ My_English_is_above_average_but_the_two_main_problems_in_my_study_are_that_I_feel_it_difficult_to_learn_words_by_heart,_and_that_I_often_feel_nervous_when_speaking_English.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．He finds it hard to focus (集中) his thoughts on one thing for longer than five minutes.‎ ‎2．As is known to all, the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate (气候) change.‎ ‎3．Mountain Tai is located (位于) in Shandong Province.‎ ‎4．His suggestion (建议) is that the paper should be handed in before 14：00.‎ ‎5．The soldier took his sword and attacked (攻击) the enemy.‎ ‎6．Eating and drinking too much is likely (有可能的) to give one's stomach trouble.‎ ‎7．Smokers (吸烟者) cannot go without cigarettes even a day.‎ ‎8．There were magnificent views (风景) of the surrounding countryside.‎ ‎9．For example, outdoor lighting severely affects (影响) migrating birds.‎ ‎10．Achieving your goal to be admitted into a firstgrade university is only one of the destinations (目的地) in your life.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.‎ ‎2．Have the house surveyed before you offer to_buy (buy) it.‎ ‎3．It is suggested that we (should)_discuss (discuss) the problem in advance.‎ ‎4．Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very harmful (harm) to their health.‎ ‎5．It's natural to view management as a profession.‎ ‎6．Students should resist the temptation to focus on/upon exams.‎ ‎7．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment (entertain)．‎ ‎8．The paperless office may become a reality (realize) one day.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．Stop talking, children, and settle down to do your homework. do→doing ‎2．The young man offered his own seat for the old man. for→to ‎3．He gave a suggestion that we changed the date. changed→change ‎4．On his view, in 50 years, the average human life span will be 150 years old. On→In ‎5．Parents spend average of ＄220 a year on toys. spend后加an Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．On_average,_ a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years.‎ 通常，强烈的地震每两年发生不到一次。‎ ‎2．The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does_great_harm_to_their_health.‎ 大多数人摄入的脂肪太多，纤维不足，这对他们的健康很不利。‎ ‎3．Don't just waste your precious time; settle_down_to_some_reading_or_something_else.‎ 不要把大好时光浪费掉，静下心来读点书或做点别的什么事儿。‎ ‎4．It_is_likely_that he will agree with the plan to advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.‎ 他很可能会同意这个提倡低碳生活的计划。‎ ‎5．Founded in Moscow, the company eventually settled_in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.‎ 公司在莫斯科成立，在20世纪20年代定居在特拉维夫。‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．make_up　[串记1]　　　　编造；构成 ‎2．come_true 实现 ‎3．as_if 好像，仿佛 ‎4．hang_on　[串记2] (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃 ‎5．get_in_touch 取得联系 ‎6．be_up_to 做，从事于；取决于；胜任 ‎7．in_the_flesh 本人亲身 ‎8．as_well_as [串记3] 也，又 ‎9．be_known_as 被认为是 ‎10．take_action 采取行动 ‎11．what's_more 而且 ‎12．take_over 接收，接管 ‎13．consist_of 由……组成 ‎14．cut_off　[串记4] 切掉，切断 ‎15．have_problems_with 在……方面有困难 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.make短语集汇 ‎　①make up构成；编造 ②make out理解；辨认出 ‎③make for走向；促成 ④make up for弥补；补偿 串记2.hang短语小聚 ‎　①hang on (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃 ‎②hang about/around 逗留；闲荡 ‎③hang up 挂断电话 串记3.“就前原则”相关词汇一览 ‎　①rather than而不是 ②except/but除了 ‎③together with和 ④along with和 ‎⑤as well as也，又，和 串记4.“v.＋off”短语速记 ‎　①show off炫耀，卖弄 ②turn off关掉 ‎③pay off还清 ④take off起飞；脱掉 ‎⑤put off推迟 ⑥give off发出(光、热、气味等)‎ ‎⑦set off出发；爆炸 ⑧cut off切掉，切断 ‎1．get all sorts of information　　　获取各种各样的信息 ‎2．be optimistic about the future 对未来持乐观态度 ‎3．in virtual reality 在虚拟现实中 ‎4．have a population of just under a million people ‎ 有接近一百万的人口 ‎5．enjoy an amazing view 欣赏令人惊异的景色 ‎6．go back 650 years 追溯到650年前 ‎7．do water sports 做水上运动 ‎8．regular international flights 定期的国际航班 ‎1. ...“it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”‎ ‎……“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”‎ ‎2. ...the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.‎ ‎……计算机通过模拟声音和图像使你感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。‎ ‎3．Do you have_anything_planned for Saturday and Sunday?‎ 你周六、周日有什么安排吗？‎ ‎4．But I still find_it_hard_to_imagine.‎ 但我还是觉得令人难以想象。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)get_in_touch ‎ ‎2．(2009·重庆高考阅读A)After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood (情绪) had changed.I was laughing.How could I have trouble with that phone？(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)have_problems_with 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)你通晓中国文化是必要的。(It is＋adj.＋that从句)‎ It_is_necessary_that_you_have_a_good_knowledge_of_Chinese_culture.‎ ‎2．(2014·天津高考书面表达)我们班由50个可爱的女生和男生组成，他们都很热情、慷慨、乐于助人。(consist of)‎ Our_class_consists_of_50_lively_boys_and_girls,_who_are_warm,_generous_and_ready_to_offer_help.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．get in touch取得联系 ‎[记牢]‎ get in touch with sb.　　　　 和某人取得联系(动作)‎ keep in touch with sb. 和某人保持联系(状态)‎ be in touch with 和……有联系(状态)‎ lose touch with 和……失去联系(动作)‎ be out of touch with 不了解；失去联系(状态)‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager.‎ ‎②I keep in touch with most of my old school friends.‎ 根据提示完成下面语段 I ③kept/was_in_touch_with my college classmates for about ten years.Unfortunately, when I lost my mobile phone, I ④lost_touch_with them.Later, I ⑤got_in_touch_with them online after we ⑥were_out_of_touch for about half a year.‎ 我与大学同学保持了十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2011·新课标全国卷书面表达)请告知我你哪天合适。你可以发邮件或者打电话和我取得联系。‎ Please_let_me_know_which_day_is_OK_with_you.If_you_want_to_get_in_touch_with_me,_you_may_email_or_phone_me.‎ ‎2．(be) up to做，忙于，从事；多达，达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中(be) up to的含义 ‎①It is up to the manager to make the final decision.取决于 ‎②Up to one hundred thousand people are still without jobs.达到，多达 ‎③John was fired because he was not up to his work.胜任 ‎④The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.从事，忙于 ‎⑤She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery.直到……为止 ‎[记牢]‎ up to now　　　　　　　　直到现在 It is up to you. 随你的便。/由你来决定。‎ It is up to sb.to do sth. 该由某人做某事 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎⑥It's up to_you to decide whether to go or not.‎ ‎⑦We have_known (know) nothing about Tom up to now.‎ 翻译句子 ‎⑧由你决定我们是否买这套家具。‎ It's_up_to_you_to_decide_whether_we_buy_this_set_of_furniture_or_not.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑨(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)‎ 带什么礼物由你决定。以我个人来看，你最好带一些小礼物，例如你家乡的特产。‎ It_is_up_to_you_to_decide_which_gift_is_suitable.In_my_opinion,_you'd_better_bring_some_little_gifts,_such_as_a_special_food_or_drink_from_your_country.‎ ‎3．as well as也，又；和……一样好 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)A as well as B作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随A的人称和数的变化而变化 ‎(2)as well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分，强调的重点在前面，不在后面。放在句首时，后面的动词多用v.ing形式 ‎(3)may/might as well　最好……；还是……为好；不妨 as well 也，还 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The girl, as well as her brothers, wants (want) to go to beach on Sunday.‎ ‎②As well as eating (eat) five course meals, they drank seven bottles of wine.‎ ‎③The weather was so bad that we might as well stay (stay) at home.‎ 句型转换 ‎④The driver can drive not only cars but also buses.‎ ‎→The driver can drive buses as well as cars.‎ ‎[用准]　as well表示“也，又”的意思，副词词组，常位于句末。‎ ‎⑤Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as_well.‎ 护士们不仅想涨工资，而且还想减少工作时间。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2017·天津高考书面表达)实际上，在学习与生活中我一直做得很好。‎ Actually,_I've_been_doing_pretty_well_in_my_studies_as_well_as_in_my_life.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．It is＋adj.＋that从句 ‎ ‎[教材原句]　...“it_is_clear_that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)It's_clear/obvious_that he was suffering great pain when he talked.‎ 显然，他说话的时候正遭受着巨大的痛苦。‎ ‎(2)It_is_known_to_all_that Taiwan belongs to China.‎ 众所周知，台湾属于中国。‎ ‎(3)It_happened_to_me_that I met my former teacher in the cinema.‎ 在电影院我碰巧遇到了我以前的老师。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)在“it is clear that ...”句型中，it替代后面that引导的主语从句作形式主语。可用于该句型的形容词有：clear, obvious, true, possible, necessary, natural, important等。‎ ‎(2)常见it作形式主语替代后面的从句的句型有：‎ ‎①It is＋名词(a pity, a shame, one's duty, no wonder ...)＋that从句 ‎②It is＋过去分词(said, reported, known, believed, announced, suggested, required ...)＋that从句 ‎③It＋不及物动词(happen, occur, appear, seem ...)＋that从句 ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)It is believed that the film is instructive and full of emotion.It tells the story of our school growing up, from small to large, from weak to strong.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)It is a pity that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)It is important that you should hand in your article before 28th, June.(要点句)‎ ‎2．as if 引导表语从句 ‎[教材原句]　 ...the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as_if you are in a real situation.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)Hurry up! It looks as_if the train is going to move.‎ 快点！看起来火车要开了。‎ ‎(2)He opened his mouth as if to_say (say) something.‎ 他张开嘴好像要说什么。‎ ‎(3)They talked as if they had_met (meet) before.‎ 他们交谈着好像以前见过面似的。‎ ‎(4)I remember the whole thing as if it happened (happen) yesterday.‎ 我还记得整件事，就好像它发生在昨天一样。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)as if相当于as though，意为“仿佛；好像；似乎”，常用在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词的后面引导表语从句。它还可以引导方式状语从句。‎ ‎(2)as if/though从句中的省略：如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词。‎ ‎(3)若as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气：与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用“would/could/might＋do”；与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时；与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。‎ 注意事项 as if/though引导的从句如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2015·湖北高考满分作文)Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.It seemed as if the answer was a little strange, but nobody doubted it except me.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed; they hate voting but have to pretend as if they liked voting.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)The football player is rolling on the ground as if hurt badly in the leg.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 take over， be up to， consist of， have problems with， take action， hang on， as well as， cut off， make up， come true ‎1．He wants to visit the Great Wall but it hasn't come_true yet.‎ ‎2．He understands the business and can take_over when I'm away.‎ ‎3．The teacher asked her students to make_up sentences using the given words.‎ ‎4．What will life consist_of on other planets?‎ ‎5．If you have_problems_with your homework, don't hesitate to ask me for help.‎ ‎6．It is_up_to you to decide when we will start.‎ ‎7．He had his finger cut_off in an accident at work, which left him a painful memory.‎ ‎8．It is high time we took/should_take_action to prevent the river from being polluted.‎ ‎9．Now hang_on a minute — I can't really believe what you just said.‎ ‎10．The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis as_well_as provides them with financial support.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．It_is_clear_that shopping online has affected our daily life now.‎ 很明显，现在网购已经影响了我们的日常生活。‎ ‎2．We find_it_important_to_develop lowcarbon economy.‎ 我们发现发展低碳经济很重要。‎ ‎3．They would_have_the_medicine_sent by rail from Beijing to Shanghai.‎ 他们将会把药品通过铁路从北京送到上海。‎ ‎4．It_sounds_as_if they might have made a dreadful mistake.‎ 听起来他们似乎犯下了一个可怕的错误。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假设你叫李华，当今网络已经把世界变成了真正的“全球村”，作为一名中学生，请你给某英文报社写一封信，就“网络对教育的影响”谈谈你的看法。内容包括：‎ ‎1．益处；‎ ‎2．弊端；‎ ‎3．你的建议。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作属于应用文中谈观点的书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。要点表达可以从下面四部分着手：一是点明主题——介绍网络的影响；二是介绍网络对教育的好处；三是介绍其弊端；四是提出你的建议。要点表达要力求准确全面，避免跑题。‎ 要点1：网络已经把世界变成了“全球村”。‎ The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village.‎ 要点2：最明显的优点是网络课程选择范围广。‎ The_most_obvious_advantage_lies_in_the_wide_choice_of_online_courses.‎ 要点3：缺点也是明显的。‎ The_downside_is_also_noticeable.‎ 要点4：我强烈建议应该在成年人的监管下使用网络。‎ I_strongly_suggest_that_the_use_of_the_Internet_should_be_under_supervision_of_adults.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 要点1，可以补充内容(如它改变了我们生活的各个方面)及衔接句(我写信和大家分享网络的优缺点)，可以使用现在分词作状语，as well ‎ as等进行表达；要点2是文章需重点拓展部分，可增加内容(如不管时间和空间，学习者可以找到适合自己需要的课程；学习方式很有效以至于获取知识更容易)，表达时可使用such ... that ...句型以及regardless of短语；要点3，表达太笼统，可补充内容(网络的半真半假性迷惑了自我控制力和判断力正在形成的青年人)，表达时不妨使用定语从句，从而使内容更充实。‎ 拓展1－①：网络已经把世界变成了“全球村”，它改变了我们生活的各个方面，尤其是教育。(现在分词短语作状语)‎ The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village,_altering_all_aspects_of_our_life,_especially_education.‎ 拓展1－②：我写信和大家分享网络的优缺点。(as well as)‎ I_am_writing_to_share_my_thoughts_on_its_positive_effect_as_well_as_the_negative_one.‎ 拓展2－①：不管时间和空间，学习者可以找到适合自己需要的课程。(have access to, regardless of)‎ Learners_can_find_courses_suitable_for_their_needs,_regardless_of_time_and_space.‎ 拓展2－②：学习的方式很有效以至于获取知识更容易了。(such ...that ..., it is＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.)‎ Learning_occurs_in_such_an_efficient_way_that_it_is_much_easier_for_people_to_gain_knowledge.‎ 拓展3：伴随着个性化课程，网络呈现了半真半假，这些半真半假迷惑了自我控制和判断力正在形成的青年人。(that及where引导的定语从句)‎ Along_with_individualized_courses,_the_Internet_presents_halftruths_that_puzzle_the_young_minds_where_selfcontrol_and_judging_power_are_still_forming.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 开头开门见山，用here引出下文；中间列举要点，主要用as a result， however等连接词作好衔接过渡；结尾添加therefore结束全文。‎ Dear_Sir/Madam，‎ The_Internet_has_transformed_the_world_into_a_global_village,_altering_all_aspects_of_our_life,_especially_education.Here,_I_am_writing_to_share_my_thoughts_on_its_positive_effect_as_well_as_the_negative_one.‎ The_most_obvious_advantage_lies_in_the_wide_choice_of_online_courses.Learners_can_find_courses_suitable_for_their_needs,_regardless_of_time_and_space.As_a_result,_learning_occurs_in_such_an_efficient_way_that_it_is_much_easier_for_people_to_gain_knowledge.‎ However,_the_downside_is_also_noticeable.Along_with_individualized_courses,_the_Internet_presents_halftruths_that_puzzle_the_young_minds_where_selfcontrol_and_judging_power_are_still_forming.‎ Therefore,_I_strongly_suggest_that_the_use_of_the_Internet_should_be_under_supervision_‎ of_adults.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(四)　应用文之通知通告——抓标题及四大要素，比对定答案 通知通告类应用文结构比较单一，但是信息含量丰富。通知常含有一个主标题，点明通知类型等相关信息，正文常常涵盖通知内容、时间、地点及人物四大要素，文章结尾常常带有一些特别提示。解答此类应用文的关键在于抓住命题敏感点即标题及文中四要素，然后迅速浏览题干，找出题眼，再到文章中寻找与之相关的要素，进而比对信息得出答案。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2015·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[抓标题及四大要素]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2015·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇 ‎[读文解题技法]‎ 主标题表明通知类型及地点 ‎　 ◄‎ 副标题：时间1‎ ‎　　 　内容1　◄‎ ‎　　 副标题：时间2‎ ‎　　 　内容2　◄‎ ‎　　 副标题：时间3‎ ‎　　 　内容3　◄‎ ‎　　 副标题：时间4‎ ‎　　 　内容4　◄‎ ‎　　 ‎　　具体联系方式◄‎ Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21：00.‎ November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．‎ December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.‎ ‎1.看主标题知通知类型 由主标题得知英国的London Canal Museum要举行monthly talks。‎ ‎2.读首段关注特别点 阅读首段了解到monthly talks的起始时间及收费情况。‎ ‎3.览副标题明层次结构 ‎4个副标题为4次monthly talks的举行时间。‎ ‎4.分段速读标要素 February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.‎ March 6th Eyots and Aits — Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.‎ Online bookings: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum ‎1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk　www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel: 020 7713 0836‎ 每个副标题下涵盖开讲时间、人物和内容，标出这些要素，为后面解题做好铺垫。‎ ‎5.标出题眼找对应点 在题干中找到题眼，并在文中找到对应点，然后与标出的“要素”进行比对，便可得出答案。‎ ‎[据题眼比对定答案]‎ ‎21. is the talk on ？‎ A．February 6th.　　　　　 　B．March 6th.‎ C．November 7th. D．December 5th.‎ ‎22. is the topic of the talk in ？‎ A．The Canal Pioneers.‎ B．Ice for the Metropolis.‎ C．Eyots and Aits — Thames Islands.‎ D．An Update on the Cotswold Canals.‎ ‎23. will give the talk on ？‎ A．Miranda Vickers. B．Malcolm Tucker.‎ C．Chris Lewis. D．Liz Payne.‎ ‎[答案]　21.C　22.D　23.A ‎21．题眼人物1副标题：时间1，直接得出答案 ‎22．题眼时间3内容3，直接得出答案 ‎23．题眼内容4人物4，直接得出答案　‎