人教版选择性必修一综合素养提升 五 13页

www.ks5u.com 温馨提示：‎ ‎ 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。‎ 综合素养提升 五 Unit 5　Working the Land Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties (variety) of species. ‎ ‎2. Whether he will come or not remains (remain) a question. ‎ ‎3. We offered her the job, but I don’t know whether she’ll accept it. ‎ ‎4. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing what you’re afraid to do. ‎ ‎5. He wanted to create (create) a society of opportunity where benefits became available to the many.  ‎ ‎6. China started special education (educate) for the mentally retarded children in 1979. ‎ ‎7. My mother is very conventional (convention) and finds it hard to accept the modern lifestyle that I enjoy. ‎ ‎8. The pub had an extension (extend) on Christmas Eve. ‎ ‎9. What are all the possible causes of world hunger (hungry) that you can think of? ‎ ‎10. He succeeded in producing (produce) a kind of rice that could feed more people, and even export this rice abroad. ‎ Ⅱ. 选词填空 tackle　convince　intense　expand　domestic　devote　leisure　boost　overcome　attain ‎1. She gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to her art. ‎ ‎2. It is essential that we tackle this difficult problem. ‎ ‎3. It wants the government to take action to boost the economy. ‎ ‎4. It became clear that I hadn’t been able to convince Mike. ‎ ‎5. Most of our students attained five ‘A’ grades in their exams. ‎ ‎6. He’s very intense about everything. ‎ ‎7. Something gave me the strength to overcome the difficulty. ‎ ‎8. I owned a bookshop and desired to expand the business. ‎ ‎9. A domestic animal is one that is not wild and is kept either on a farm to produce food or in someone’s home as a pet. ‎ ‎10. On the whole, people miss the opportunity to enjoy leisure. ‎ Ⅲ. 完成句子 ‎1. Without her care and concern, he had no chance at all.  ‎ 如果没有她的照顾和关心, 他根本没有机会。‎ ‎2. Only by reasoning can we convince people completely.  ‎ 只有以理服人, 才能使人心悦诚服。 ‎ ‎3. They need to expand the number of farmers who are involved if the scheme’s going to really take off.  ‎ 这个方案要想真正成功, 他们就需要增加参与的农场主的人数。‎ ‎4. One must have a correct estimate of oneself.  ‎ 一个人必须对自己有正确的估价。‎ ‎5. The government recognised there were problems in urban areas but these could never be an excuse for lawless behaviour.  ‎ 政府承认市区存在问题, 但决不可拿这些作为不法行为的借口。‎ ‎6. I have so many friends, but deep down I have a fear of loneliness.  ‎ 我虽然有很多朋友, 但心底里还是害怕寂寞。‎ ‎7. The cloud computing model is comprised of a front end and a back end.  ‎ 云计算模型由前端和后端组成。 ‎ ‎8. She had no alternative but to ask for a few days’ leave.  ‎ 实在不得已, 她只好请几天假。 ‎ ‎9. The Employment Minister said the reforms would generate new jobs.  ‎ 就业部长表示, 改革将带来新的就业机会。‎ ‎10. His whole life is a fight against poverty and unemployment.  ‎ 他的一生都在与贫苦和失业作斗争。‎ Ⅳ. 阅读理解 ‎　　One day your pocket might power your smartphone. Soon you may never have to worry about your smartphone running out of juice. Your clothing will simply power it back up for you. That’s the word from scientists at China’s Chongqing and Jinan Universities in a study just published in the journal ACS Nano.  ‎ ‎　　Researchers have been hard at work during the last few years trying to create wearable energy, or clothes that can charge things. The assumption is simple. People today rely heavily upon devices such as smartphones and tablets. And they’re looking for ways to recharge these devices on the go. So if you could design clothing fabric(面料) that could make use of solar power—one of the most widely available and inexhaustible renewable energy sources—you’d be able to charge your various devices with ease. ‎ ‎　　Scientists have had some past success creating energy-harvesting fibers. But there was always one problem when they tried to fashion these threads into self-powered smart clothes: The fibers they designed got damaged during the clothing manufacturing process, namely during the weaving and cutting. The Chongqing and Jinan Universities’ scientists say they’ve solved this problem because the energy-collecting and energy-storing threads they created are highly flexible—each individual thread is easily bendable, and not simply the fabric as a whole. ‎ ‎　　The team’s sample textile can be fully charged to 1. 2 volts(伏) in 17 seconds by exposure to sunlight enough voltage that your future smart T-shirt or smart dress might be able to power small electronics. It’s durable, too; their research showed there was no descent in the fabric after 60 days. But don’t worry that this means the fabric is similar to rough cloth. The scientists note their textile can be fashioned into numerous ‎ different patterns, and tailored into any designed shape, without affecting performance. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇科普类短文。文章主要介绍一种新型的充电衣服的设想和研究。‎ ‎1. What does the underlined phrase “running out of juice” in Paragraph 1 mean? ‎ A. Being lacking in energy. ‎ B. Wanting to have some juice. ‎ C. Being picked out of a drink. ‎ D. Having some water running out. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据前文句子One day your pocket might power your smartphone. 和后文句子Your clothing will simply power it back up for you. 可以猜测这里说的是不用担心手机没电。‎ ‎2. Why could smart dress charge a phone? ‎ A. A solar cell is attached to the dress. ‎ B. The fabric of the textile contains current. ‎ C. The fabric of the textile is easily bendable. ‎ D. The fabric of the textile could collect and store the solar energy. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第二段So if you could design clothing fabric that could make use of solar power. . . your various devices with ease. 可知如果能设计出一种可以利用太阳能的服装面料, 就可以做到用衣服充电了。‎ ‎3. What is the scientists’ attitude towards the scientific technology? ‎ A. Optimistic. 　　　 B. Pessimistic. ‎ C. Neutral. D. Doubtful. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据文章最后一句话The scientists note their textile can be fashioned into numerous different patterns, and tailored into any designed shape, without affecting performance. 可知科学家对这种材料的实验已经初见成效, 所以科学家对未来这种衣服的制造的态度是乐观的。因此答案选A。‎ ‎4. This passage is written to ______.  ‎ A. persuade readers to buy new clothes B. inform readers of the ways to use their devices C. introduce new wearable energy to readers D. remind readers to wear smart clothes ‎【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段及全文可知本文主要介绍一种新型的充电衣服的设想和研究, 介绍一种新能源。因此答案选C。‎ Ⅴ. 完形填空 ‎　　Our family’s first hosting experience began in January of 2017 with our Italian daughter Victoria. We had so much fun with her that we could not 　1　 to experience a new, different country, so we 　2　 to host another World Heritage Exchange student.  ‎ ‎　　As soon as we saw Monica’s profile, we knew she was 　3　, a YES Scholarship student, and Egyptian. We began to fall in love with our ‎ Egyptian 　4　 right away. We skyped, and emailed for five months before she arrived in Manhattan, USA. When she 　5　 got off that plane, it was almost as if we were finally whole again.  ‎ ‎　　My husband and I found other cultures appealing, and hosting an exchange student just seems so 　6　 to us. We felt it would be a 　7　 experience for our children to grow up seeing other cultures and learning to love others as a(n) 　8　. Our small children are enjoying the experience very much, learning a new language 　9　, and realizing the other side of the world is not all that 　10　 our country.  ‎ ‎　　Monica is helpful, caring and a real 　11　 to our lives. She has 　12　 us all so much. We cannot imagine our lives without our Italian and Egyptian daughters. We do plan to travel to both countries because of them, and we will be sending our children as exchange students to live with our new 　13　 families.  ‎ ‎　　I want to thank World Heritage for 　14　 our family to grow from four children to six children all in one year. We are all excited at this experience of a lifetime and will forever 　15　.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身感受讲述了她家接待外国交换生的经历和收获。‎ ‎1. A. afford　 　B. wait 　　C. choose 　D. intend ‎【解析】选B。由上文“We had so much fun with her. . . ”和下面的内容可知, 作者和家人迫不及待地想接待另一个外国交换生。can’t wait to do ‎ sth. 迫不及待地做某事。故答案选B。‎ ‎2. A. refused B. managed C. applied D. remembered ‎【解析】选C。根据上文“We had so much fun with her that. . . to experience a new, different country”可知, 作者一家发现与外国交换生相处非常有乐趣, 以至于迫不及待地想再申请接待一个交换生。apply to do sth. 意为“申请做某事”; manage to do sth. 设法做某事。‎ ‎3. A. brilliant B. ambitious C. cautious D. straightforward ‎【解析】选A。根据“a YES Scholarship student”可知, Monica获得了奖学金, 由此可知她应该是很聪明的(brilliant)。ambitious 有野心的; cautious 谨慎的; straightforward 率直的。均不合题意。‎ ‎4. A. niece B. cousin C. son D. daughter ‎【解析】选D。根据上文“with our Italian daughter Victoria”及下文“We cannot imagine our lives without our Italian and Egyptian daughters. ”可知, 作者把交换生Monica看作自己的女儿。因此选D。‎ ‎5. A. just B. already C. never D. ever ‎【解析】选A。根据语境可知, 当Monica刚刚(just)从飞机上下来, 作者似乎感觉到他们家最终又完整了。‎ ‎6. A. common B. natural C. apparent D. simple ‎【解析】选B。由语境可知, 作者和丈夫早就对其他文化感兴趣, 那么接待交换生对他们来说就是一件很自然的事情。common 平常的, ‎ 常见的; natural 自然的; apparent 明显的; simple 简单的, 朴素的。故选B。‎ ‎7. A. annoying B. demanding C. promising D. rewarding ‎【解析】选D。根据下文“Our small children are enjoying the experience very much, learning a new language. . . ”可知, 孩子们很享受这一经历, 从中也受益匪浅。因此接待交换生这件事对他们来说是一次值得的(rewarding)经历。annoying 使烦恼的; demanding 费力的; promising 有前途的。‎ ‎8. A. companion B. reminder C. individual D. equal ‎【解析】选D。由语境可知, 通过接待交换生一事, 作者让孩子了解其他国家的文化, 把他人当成平等的人(equal)去爱他们。‎ ‎9. A. little by little B. more or less C. one by one D. face to face ‎【解析】选A。由语境可知, 孩子们在与外国交换生接触的过程中, 应该是逐渐学习他们的语言。little by little逐渐地; more or less或多或少; one by one依次; face to face面对面。显然选A。‎ ‎10. A. among B. unlike C. opposite D. beyond ‎【解析】选B。根据语境可知, 孩子们意识到世界的另一端并不是与他们的国家有很大的不同。unlike “与……不同, 不像”, 符合语境。‎ ‎11. A. guest B. heroine C. blessing D. angel ‎【解析】选C。由上下文可知, 作者一家很高兴地接待了Monica 这位来自埃及的学生, Monica给他们的生活带来了快乐, 因此在他们眼中, Monica是他们生活中的福音。guest 客人; heroine 女英雄; blessing 祝福, 赐福; angel 天使。‎ ‎12. A. taught B. purchased C. provided D. donated ‎【解析】选A。根据语境可知, 不同国家、不同文化的人住在一起, 自然是相互学习, 因此此处指Monica教给他们很多, 故答案选A。‎ ‎13. A. honored B. increased C. abandoned D. extended ‎【解析】选D。由上文“we will be sending our children as exchange students”可知, 作者将会送自己的孩子去做交换生, 跟他们新的扩大的(extended)家庭一起生活。文中作者将自己的孩子作为交换生生活的家庭称为家庭的扩大版。honored 受尊敬的; increased 增加的; abandoned 遗弃的。显然这三项与语境不符。‎ ‎14. A. allowing B. persuading C. encouraging D. helping ‎【解析】选A。由语境可知, 作者此处感谢World Heritage允许他们拥有接待更多交换生的机会。allow允许; persuade说服; encourage鼓励; help帮助。‎ ‎15. A. share B. appreciate C. adore D. desire ‎【解析】选B。根据上文“I want to thank World Heritage. . . ”可知, ‎ 作者为一生中有这样的经历而感到兴奋, 并将永远心怀感激之情。share 分享; appreciate 感激; adore 爱慕; desire 渴望。故答案选B。‎ Ⅵ. 语法填空 ‎(2020·中山高二检测)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　She looks like any other schoolgirls, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term rest. Instead, she is earning ‎ ‎$6, 500 a day as 1. __________ model in New York.  ‎ ‎　　Sarah 2. __________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel ‎ ‎3. __________ (earn) a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4. __________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 5. __________ (educate).  ‎ ‎　　She has turned down several 6. __________ (invite) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 7. __________ engineering or architecture.  ‎ ‎　　Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. 8. ‎ ‎__________ at the moment, school comes first. I don’t want to get too 9. __________ (absorb) in modeling. It is certainly fun that the lifestyle is a little 10. __________ (real). I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more. ” ‎ ‎【文章大意】Sarah一边学习一边做兼职模特, 她的父亲想让她放弃学业做全职模特……‎ ‎1. 【解析】a。考查冠词。model可数名词单数, 因此答案用a。‎ ‎2. 【解析】was told/has been told。考查被动语态。Sarah和tell是被动关系。“Sarah被告知她可以成为英国新的超模, 明年可以挣到一百万美元。”被告知是过去的事情, 或者她现在知道了, 完成时也可以。因此答案用was told或者has been told。‎ ‎3. 【解析】earning。考查非谓语动词。that引导宾语从句, 从句中she could be Britain’s new supermodel是主系表结构, 空格处earn与它的逻辑主语she是逻辑上的主谓关系, 因此应该用动词-ing形式, 答案为earning。‎ ‎4. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句, 先行词指人, 因此用who。‎ ‎5. 【解析】education。考查名词。形容词性物主代词后面用名词, 因此答案是education。‎ ‎6. 【解析】invitations。考查名词。several修饰可数名词复数, 因此应该用invite的名词复数形式, 答案为invitations。‎ ‎7. 【解析】in。考查介词。在某方面取得学位, 用介词in。‎ ‎8. 【解析】But。考查连词。根据语境, 此处是转折关系, 因此答案是But。‎ ‎9. 【解析】absorbed。考查非谓语动词。 get absorbed in “专心于”固定搭配。因此答案是absorbed。‎ ‎10. 【解析】unreal。考查形容词。根据语境此处应该是表示否定意义。答案为unreal。‎ 关闭Word文档返回原板块