【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（20页word解析版） 20页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、 单元单词短语回顾 earthquake [ˈə:θkweik] n. 地震 quake [kwek] n. 地震(非正式用语)‎ right away [əˈwei] 立刻；马上 well [wel] n. 井 ‎△crack [kræk] n. 裂缝；噼啪声 ‎ vt. & vi. （使）开裂；破裂 ‎△smelly [ˈsmeli] adj.发臭的；有臭味的 ‎△farmyard [ˈfɑ:mjɑ:d] n. 农场；农家 pipe [paip] n. 管；导管 burst [bə:st] vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 million [ˈmiljən] n. 百万 event [iˈvent] n. 事件；大事 as if 仿佛；好像 at an end 结束；终结 nation [ˈneiʃən] n. 民族；国家；国民 canal [kəˈnæl] n. 运河；水道 steam [sti:m] n. 蒸汽；水汽 dirt [də:t] n. 污垢；泥土 ruin [ˈru(:)in] n. 废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产 in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 suffering [ˈsʌfəriŋ] n. 苦难；痛苦 extreme [ikˈstri:m] adj. 极度的 injure [ˈindʒə] vt. 损害；伤害 ‎△survivor [səˈvaivə] n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物 destroy [diˈstrɔi] vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭 brick [brik] n. 砖；砖块 dam [dæm] n. 水坝；堰堤 track  [træk] n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹 useless [ˈju:sləs] adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的 shock [ʃɔk] vt. & vi. （使）震惊；‎ 震动n. 休克；打击；震惊 rescue [ˈreskju:] n. & vt. 援救；营救 trap [træp] vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境 electricity [iˌlekˈtrisiti] n. 电；电流；电学 disaster [diˈzɑ:stə] n. 灾难；灾祸 dig out 掘出；发现 bury [ˈberi] vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 mine [main] n. 矿；矿山；矿井 miner n. 矿工 shelter [ˈʃeltə]n.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 a (great) number of 许多；大量的 title [ˈtaitl] n. 标题；头衔；资格 reporter [riˈpɔ:tə] n. 记者 bar [bɑ:] n. 条；棒；条状物 damage [ˈdæmidʒ] n. & vt. 损失；损害 frighten [ˈfraitn] vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 frightened ['fraitnd] adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的 frightening ['fraitniŋ] adj. 令人恐惧的 congratulation [kənˌgrætjuˈleiʃən] n. 祝贺；（复数）贺词 judge  [dʒʌdʒ] n. 裁判员；法官 ‎ vt. 断定；判断；判决 sincerely [sinˈsiəli] adv. 真诚地；真挚地 express [ikˈspres] vt. 表示；表达 ‎ n. 快车；速递 outline [ˈautlain] n. 要点;大纲；轮廓 headline [ˈhedlain] n.报刊的大字标题 cyclist ['saiklist] n. 骑自行车的人 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．从地上的脚印的新鲜度来判断，她肯定没有走远。(judge from)‎ Judging_from_the_freshness_of_her_footprints,_she_couldn't_have_walked_far.‎ ‎2．孩子们正在操场上踢足球，这时下起了雨。(be doing ...when)‎ The_children_were_playing_football_on_the_playground_when_it_began_to_rain.‎ ‎3．一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了，那本书还打开着放在桌子上。(leave复合结构)‎ On_hearing_the_bad_news,_he_hurried_home,_leaving_the_book_lying_open_on_the_table.‎ ‎4．他们意识到太晚了不能赶上最后一趟火车。(too ... to ....)‎ They_realized_that_it_was_too_late_to_catch_the_last_train.‎ ‎5．童年时，我没想象过我会成为一位作家。(imagine doing sth.)‎ I_didn't_imagine_my_becoming_a_writer_in_my_childhood.‎ ‎6．当我告诉她她母亲去世的消息，她突然哭起来。(burst into ...)‎ When_I_told_her_the_news_of_her_mother's_death,_she_burst_into_tears._‎ ‎7．经理对我的建议很不重视，这使得我非常生气。(think little of)‎ The_manager_thought_little_of_my_advice,_which_made_me_very_angry._‎ ‎8．拿花瓶的时候小心点，它不是钢做的。(as if)‎ Don't_handle_the_vase_as_if_it_were_made_of_steel.‎ ‎9．不是所有的女孩都走了。(部分否定)‎ All_the_girls_didn't_leave./Not_all_the_girls_left.‎ ‎10．当妈妈走进我房间的时候，我正在专心看书。(be buried in ...)‎ I_was_buried_in_a_book_when_my_mother_came_into_my_room 单元综合知识训练 一、 完形填空提速训练 ‎(2018·石家庄模拟)Something quite tragic (悲剧的) happened in our home.It had a __1__ effect on our lives.It __2__ the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood ...we __3__ our WiFi service for over a week.‎ I was raised in the preWiFi era, so I was relatively __4__ to the situation.My children, __5__， did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house, their first __6__ was: “But, what will we do？” Fortunately, the TV still worked, although the children were __7__ to find that it had only 70＋ channels.‎ For the children, a(n) __8__ challenge was homework, most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new __9__ of “the dog ate my homework” excuse.My daughter __10__ that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __11__ due to a leak, but she thought that our lack of WiFi was __12__.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water, right？”‎ My husband and I need the Internet to __13__ us to work at ‎ home.Luckily, I've found out that these days you can go to the shop to __14__ WiFi.Although expensive, it allows you to set up your own MiFi network __15__.Buying 1GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I don't want to __16__ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the MiFi network and do what we have to do as __17__ as possible and log off.‎ The changes that __18__ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really __19__.The __20__ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了WiFi对“我”家生活的影响。‎ ‎1．A.possible　　　　　　　　　 B．modest C．positive D．huge 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，家里没有WiFi对我们生活的影响是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“谦虚的”；positive“积极的”。‎ ‎2．A.explored B．challenged C．improved D．guaranteed 解析：选B　根据前一句“It had a __1__ effect on our lives.”和下文的“But, what will we do？”可知，平时家里离不开WiFi，现在没有了，当然对我们平时的生活方式产生挑战。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保证”。‎ ‎3．A.received B．booked C．lost D．bought 解析：选C　根据下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我们家里失去(lost)WiFi一个多星期。receive“收到”；book“订购”；buy“购买”。‎ ‎4．A.addicted B．accustomed C．admitted D．attached 解析：选B　根据第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWiFi era”可知，“我”是在没有WiFi的时代长大的，因此对于没有了WiFi也是比较习惯的(accustomed)。be accustomed to表示“习惯于”。‎ ‎5．A.however B．therefore C．otherwise D．besides 解析：选A　根据上下文可推知，“我”习惯无WiFi的生活，但是孩子们不习惯。上下文之间是转折关系，因此选however。‎ ‎6．A.impression B．inspiration C．response D．request 解析：选C　根据空后的“But, what will we do？”可知空处指的是他们的第一反应(response)。‎ ‎7．A.excited B．grateful C．embarrassed D．desperate 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，没有WiFi只有电视，且电视频道只有70多个，孩子们很绝望。excited“兴奋的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；desperate“绝望的”。‎ ‎8．A.avoidable B．major C．enjoyable D．simple 解析：选B　根据本句的定语从句“most of which is now given ‎ online”可知，家庭作业应是孩子们的主要(major)挑战。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“简单的”。‎ ‎9．A.version B．translation C．dimension D．collection 解析：选A　空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作业”，此处表示没有网络是这种借口的一个新提法，故选A。‎ ‎10．A.repeated B．promised C．observed D．ignored 解析：选C　根据空后的宾语从句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily __11__ due to a leak”可知，这些内容应该是女儿讲出来(observed)的。repeat“重复”；promise“承诺”；ignore“忽略”；observe“观察，说，评论”。‎ ‎11．A.fixed up B．cut off C．used up D．laid in 解析：选B　根据该空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水会被暂时中断(cut off)。‎ ‎12．A.worse B．better C．clearer D．more 解析：选A　根据上下文可知，女儿认为我们没有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。‎ ‎13．A.force B．encourage C．remind D．enable 解析：选D　根据上下文可知，为了能够在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互联网。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。‎ ‎14．A.look into B．search for C．purchase D．borrow 解析：选C　根据下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店买(purchase)WiFi。look into“调查”；search for“寻找”；borrow“借”。‎ ‎15．A.easily B．securely C．firmly D．constantly 解析：选A　根据语境可知，买了WiFi，“我”建立自己的网络就容易了。‎ ‎16．A.share B．analyze C．store D．waste 解析：选D　根据本句中的“like leaving a tap running(像让水管的水不停地流着一样)”可知，我们知道让水管的水不停地流着意味着“浪费”，故选D。‎ ‎17．A.steadily B．quickly C．properly D．smoothly 解析：选B　根据上下文可知，当“我”上网做事时，“我”是尽快地做。as quickly as possible表示“尽快地”。‎ ‎18．A.technology B．information C．knowledge D．intelligence 解析：选A　根据语境可知，技术已经引起了我们日常生活的改变，这些改变在我们没有注意(noticing)的情况下发生了。‎ ‎19．A.reflecting B．hearing C．appreciating D．noticing 解析：选D　参见上题解析。reflect“反思”；hear“听到”；appreciate“欣赏”。‎ ‎20．A.rigid B．tough C．bright D．necessary 解析：选C　根据该空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts (堡垒) out of the sofa cushions, which they haven't done in years”可知，没有了WiFi，孩子们可以在一起玩，这是愉快的(bright)事情。‎ 二、阅读理解提速训练 Posting photos of what's for dinner is socialmedia users' favorite hobby, but making dishes appear as delicious as they taste is an elusive (难以捉摸的) skill.With a few professional tips, amateur food photographers can give their smartphonephotographed meals a major upgrade.‎ While stressing perfect shaping is unnecessary, food photographer Jody Horton does pay attention to the plate itself.“You want to be sure that the food will separate from the surface on which it's sitting，” he said.“So a red apple on a red plate likely won't photograph well.” Consider creating a contrast between the plate and the table, such as white china on a dark wood surface.‎ Good lighting is key.Natural light that comes from behind the food is the best, so Mr.Horton turns off indoor lights and the camera's flash, and he places the plate in front of a window that provides indirect sunlight.Restaurants, unfortunately, are difficult spots to photograph food.When taking professional pictures, Mr.Horton usually moves the entire ‎ table to desired light, sometimes with the help of candlelight.The safest angle for taking a food picture is from directly above, with only the food in the frame.When you take a photograph from overhead, it's helpful to hold a piece of paper out of the frame but opposite your light source to throw light back toward the food.‎ Those who want a pleasant ambience (气氛) in their photos should consider taking their smartphone cameras even higher by standing on a chair and bringing in the layout (布局) of the table, while still allowing lighting to be fairly simple.‎ Certain types of food can be especially hard to photograph well.It is difficult to handle foods in bland (平淡的) colors, because it can be hard to tell what they are.Drinks are challenging because glass is so reflective.(One tip: Light them well.)‎ Food photography can be about much more than the final product on the plate.“Some of the most interesting moments happen during preparation，” says Mr.Horton.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。食物摄影是很多爱好者喜欢的娱乐方式，但是要把食物拍得可口却并不容易。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “contrast” in Para.2 mean?‎ A．Slight distinction.　　　 B．Weak link.‎ C．Marked difference. D．Close connection.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由第二段画线词后的“such as white china on a dark wood surface”‎ 可知，在碗碟和桌子之间要形成反差。‎ ‎2．Which lighting is the best for taking a food picture according to Mr.Horton?‎ A．Direct natural light from above.‎ B．Indirect natural light from behind.‎ C．Indoor light coming from above.‎ D．Candlelight coming from below.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段的“Natural light that comes from behind the food is the best”和“he places the plate in front of a window that provides indirect sunlight”可知，来自食物后面的非直射的自然光线是最好的。‎ ‎3．What does Mr.Horton advise amateur food photographers to do?‎ A．Allow the food to become the focus.‎ B．Pay attention to the shape of the food.‎ C．Give up the food in challenging colors.‎ D．Create an ambience via a piece of paper.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第二段的“the food will separate from the surface on which it's sitting”和第三段的“The safest angle ...with only the food in the frame.”可推知， Horton建议让食物成为焦点。‎ ‎4．What suggestion may Mr.Horton offer next?‎ A．Finding useful objects to photograph well.‎ B．Getting lighting for foods in bland colors.‎ C．Choosing places to photograph foods.‎ D．Taking photos of foods in preparation.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。最后一段Horton谈到美食摄影涉及的东西远远不止盘子上的成品，有些最有意思的时刻是在制作的过程中，因此接下来Horton可能会提出制作过程中食物拍摄的建议。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Have you wanted to try an ebook? Has the cost of ebooks stopped you? Well, there are ebooks that you can download.__1__ Others share information about where to find free or discounted ebooks.‎ There are several reasons some ebooks are free.In some cases, the book's copyright (版权) has come to an end.In other cases, writers offer books for free to grow a readership.__2__ The writer hopes you will like the first book enough to buy those that follow.Similarly, Amazon is filled with free ebooks, with a list of the top 100 free ebooks.This list changes constantly, based on how well the books are “selling” and whether they become or remain free.‎ When you find a free ebook you want to read, get it right away.__3__ If you wait too long, you may discover the book now has a price attached.‎ ‎__4__ They offer free ebook files to download directly from the sites.These files could have bad software designed to infect your computer.It is best not to download ebooks, or any file, from an unknown site.‎ Some free ebook sites offer referral (推荐) links to other ‎ websites. __5__ These referral sites help you find free ebooks of interest to you.They also let you know when an ebook is free or goes on sale.‎ A．Be careful of some websites.‎ B．So visit Amazon's list quickly.‎ C．Several websites offer free ebooks.‎ D．Referral links provide lists of best sellers.‎ E．Often the offer is open only for a short time.‎ F．Often a free ebook will be the first in a series.‎ G．Therefore, you can download free ebooks there.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了获取免费电子图书的一些注意事项。‎ ‎1．选C　根据上句的“you can download”和下文的“Others share information ...”可知，此处是指一些网站提供免费电子图书，而另外一些网站则提供关于免费或者打折电子图书的信息。‎ ‎2．选F　第二段主要介绍了提供免费电子图书的一些原因。根据下句的“buy those that follow”可知，有些作者为了吸引读者，系列丛书的第一本往往是免费的，一旦你喜欢上了，你就会花钱购买系列中的其他图书。‎ ‎3．选E　根据上句的“get it right away”和下句的“If you wait too long, you may discover the book now has a price attached.”可知，如果你找到了想读的免费电子图书，就及时下手，否则等的时间长了，你会发现书签上有了标价。故E项(通常免费提供期是很短暂的)最恰当。‎ ‎4．选A　根据本段的“infect your computer.It is best not ‎ to download ebooks, or any file, from an unknown site”可知，该段主要告诫读者警惕一些不良网站。‎ ‎5．选G　根据本空后的“These referral sites help you find free ebooks”可知，一些免费电子图书网站提供访问其他网站的链接，因此你可以在这些推荐网站下载免费电子图书。‎ 语法填空 In the field near my house there __1__ (be) two horses. From a distance, they look the same. But if you get a closer look, you will notice something quite __2__ (interest). Actually, one of the horses is blind. But his owner has chosen not to abandon him. Instead he has made him a safe and comfortable barn __3__ (live) in.‎ If you stand nearby and listen carefully, you will hear the sound of a bell coming from the other horse. It makes the blind horse know __4__ his friend is, so he can follow.‎ As you stand closer and watch the two horses, you'll see that the horse with the bell is always checking on the blind horse and the blind horse will listen for the bell, and then slowly walk to where the other horse is so that he will not go __5__ the wrong direction.‎ When __6__ horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop occasionally to look back, __7__ (make) sure that the blind friend isn't too far behind to hear the bell.‎ Life does not throw us away just because we are __8__ (able), or because we have problems or __9__ (challenge). Sometimes we ‎ are the blind horse, being guided by the ringing bell of our companions. At other times we are just the guide horse, helping __10__ (other) to find their way.‎ 语篇解读：两匹马一起在田里，从远处看它们是一样的。但是，一匹马是失明的，它靠着同伴的铃铛声音为自己引路，以避免走错路。同样，在生活中虽然我们也许有某种残缺，但是生活不会抛弃我们。我们应该像马那样不轻言弃，互相帮助。‎ ‎1．are　本文的主体时态是一般现在时，由语境可知，此处应用一般现在时。在there be句型中，主语是be动词后的名词，因为本句的主语是two horses，故填are。‎ ‎2．interesting　此处表示如果你离得更近一点儿去看，你会发现一些非常有趣的事情。本空应填形容词interesting，修饰指物的something，quite后接形容词原级。‎ ‎3．to live　此处表示马的主人为它建造一个安全舒适的马厩让它住下。本空为动词不定式作后置定语修饰barn。‎ ‎4．where　铃铛声让那匹失明的马知道它的同伴在哪里。空格处引导的句子为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“在哪儿”，故用where。‎ ‎5．in　in the wrong direction“朝着错误的方向”。‎ ‎6．the　本空表示特指，故填定冠词the。‎ ‎7．making　动词make与句子的主语he之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且与stop表示的动作同时发生，故此处用现在分词短语making sure ...作状语，表示伴随状况。‎ ‎8．disabled　本空在be动词之后，应填形容词作表语，由语境可知此处应填disabled“残疾的”。‎ ‎9．challenges　challenge是可数名词，意为“‎ 挑战，艰巨任务”。由空前的problems和并列连词or可知，此处应用名词复数形式。‎ ‎10．others　由句意可知，本空填others，表示“别人”。‎ 读后续写 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ Mitchell was looking for the instant dry milk in the supermarket. He had started buying dry milk two months ago. Packaged in a box weighing only 1.5 pounds, dry milk tastes and costs the same as regular nonfat (脱脂的) milk. Besides, it is a lot lighter to carry than liquid milk. He couldn't find it on the aisle with the unrefrigerated soy milk, so he walked to the next aisle.‎ Just_as Mitchell started up the next aisle, he almost collided (撞) with someone pushing a shopping cart toward him. Mitchell's eyes opened wide, and then he quickly looked away. Was this person from a monster (怪兽) movie? She was the ugliest person he had ever seen. He couldn't even believe that this was a real person — she had to be an actor still in makeup (化妆品). She had scars (伤疤) all_over_her_face! Scars — too many — covered her forehead, cheeks, nose, and neck. Her mouth was twisted with part of the upper lip missing. Her right eye was halfclosed.‎ Mitchell continued his search for the dry milk. He found it next_to the imported tea, and then walked quickly to the ‎ checkout counter. He hoped that he could check out fast, because if that woman finished her shopping and then stood in line behind him, he would simply walk out of the store without buying anything. The checker slowly rang up his bill, took Mitchell's money, and gave him his change. It was 11 p．m. Mitchell did not look around as he walked out of the supermarket. He wondered if he would ever get that woman's face out of his mind.‎ When he got into his car, he felt ashamed of himself. That poor woman, he thought. She probably never came out in_the_daytime. She probably did everything she could to avoid ‎ people. That was truly a face that even a mother might not love. She must feel so lonely. How could God let that happen to people, Mitchell wondered?‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Mitchell soon forgot about the woman but it so happened that he came across her again early the next morning.　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Mitchell became more curious about her and was determined ‎ to dig into the story.　‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ ‎　 　 ‎ 参考范文：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ Mitchell soon forgot about the woman but it so happened that he came across her again early the next morning. It was around 7 a．m., when he was having a regular walk with his pet dog in the nearby park. Mitchell immediately recognized the “monster” even though she was in a dress different from the one she had worn in the supermarket. She was standing against a tree talking on the phone, with smiles all_over_her_face,_nodding to people who greeted her good morning. No one seemed to be trying to avoid her.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Mitchell became more curious about her and was determined to dig into the story. He slowed down, when she finished her phone call, went over to greet her. At the beginning, their talk was about the dog. Perhaps she had had too many of such talks and known very well that everyone expected an answer to the question about her face. So, just_as Mitchell was thinking how to ask, she said smilingly, “I guess you want to know the story of my face. Well, it happened 3 years ago when I was trying to ‎ take the next door neighbor's little girl out of the burning room.”‎