【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit2Healthyeating单元学案（31页word版） 31页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit 2Healthy eating单元学案 ‎【一】单元基础词汇语法搜索 Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．Mary has been on a________(节食) for weeks but still hasn’t lost any weight.‎ 答案：　diet ‎2．He pushed against that big stone with all his________(力气)．‎ 答案：　strength ‎3．There is a time________(限制)：you must finish it in 30 minutes.‎ 答案：　limit ‎4．The two men in the fight________(怒目而视) at each other.‎ 答案：　glared ‎5．You will________(受益) a lot from morning exercises.‎ 答案：　benefit ‎6．Don’t be particular about food.A________(平衡) diet is very important for health.‎ 答案：　balanced ‎7．The letter was not addressed to me but I opened it out of________(好奇)．‎ 答案：　curiosity ‎8．We aim to offer good value and service to all our________(顾客)．‎ 答案：　customers ‎9．He thought that crying was a sign of________(软弱)．‎ 答案：　weakness ‎10．I have________(查阅) a number of law books in the British Museums.‎ 答案：　consulted Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．a diet　　 平衡膳食 ‎2．lose 　　　 体重减轻；减肥 ‎3．get with　　　 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 ‎4． one’s living　　　 谋生 ‎5．before 　　　 不久以后 ‎6．be of　　　 对……厌倦、厌烦 ‎7．win... 　　　 赢回；重新获得 ‎8． a lie　　　 说谎 ‎9．in 　　　 欠债 ‎10．cut 　　　 削减；删节 ‎11．put on 　　　 增加体重 balanced weight away earn long tired back tell debt down weight Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．再没有比这些更好吃的了。‎ ‎________ could be________.‎ 答案：　Nothing；better ‎2．他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ He could not ________ Yong Hui ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________！‎ 答案：　have；getting away with telling people lies ‎3．你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？‎ ‎________ ________ ________sit down and try a meal?‎ 答案：　Why don’t you ‎4．我的研究表明，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。‎ According to my research，________ your restaurant ________mine offers a balanced diet.‎ 答案：　neither；nor ‎5．他们的平衡膳食如此有效，不久王鹏变得苗条了，而咏慧也长肉了。‎ Their balanced diets became________a success________before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.‎ 答案：　such；that ‎6．我原来认为你是一位新顾客，现在我才知道你只是来打探我和我的菜谱的……‎ ‎________ ________you________a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu...‎ 答案：　I thought；were diet n．日常饮食；vt.& vi.节食；使实施饮食疗法 教材原句P9：Everybody has to eat，but do you eat a healthy diet?‎ 每个人都要吃饭，但你的饮食是健康的吗？‎ be/go on a diet节食 put sb.on a diet控制某人饮食 a balanced diet均衡饮食 ‎①Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.‎ 适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。‎ ‎②I really ought to go on a diet.I’ve put on so much weight since I gave up jogging.我真应该节食了。自从我放弃慢跑后，我的体重已经增加了这么多。‎ ‎③The doctor put him on a diet after operation.‎ 手术之后，医生规定了他的饮食。‎ ‎④No sugar in my coffee，please.I’m dieting.‎ 请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。‎ ‎1.完成句子 ‎—Would you like some more chicken?‎ ‎—No，thanks.I am________________(正在节食) and I’m trying to______________(减肥)．‎ 答案：　on a diet；lose weight balance n．天平，平衡；结余；余额；v.平衡，权衡 教材原句P9：What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet.假如你的饮食不均衡会怎么样？‎ ‎①Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.‎ 争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。‎ ‎②He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.‎ 他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。‎ ‎③Many people have come to realize that they should go on a balanced diet.许多人开始认识到他们应该均衡饮食。‎ ‎④You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。‎ ‎2.完成句子 ‎(1)It’s very important to ____________________(保持大自然平衡)．However，at times it is disturbed，resulting in a number of possibly ‎ unforeseen effects.‎ ‎(2)I think it’s important to__________________(保持平衡) study and a social life，so I’m going to join a few clubs.‎ 答案：　(1)keep the balance of nature　(2)have a balance between curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 教材原句P10：Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.‎ 好奇心驱使王鹏走了进去。‎ ‎①There are some people who show great curiosity about other people’s affairs.有些人就是特别喜欢打听别人的事。‎ ‎②Just out of curiosity，how much did you pay for your car?‎ 我只是出于好奇，请问你这辆车花了多少钱？‎ ‎③Children are naturally curious about everything around them.‎ 孩子们对周围的事物感到好奇是自然的。‎ ‎④It is curious that he should have failed to win the race.‎ 他竟然没赢得比赛，真是奇怪。‎ ‎3.(2010·天津卷)People have always been________about exactly how life on earth began.‎ A．curious　 B．excited C．anxious　　　 D．careful 解析：　句意为：人们一直对世界上的生命起源非常好奇。形容词短语搭配be curious about 对……好奇；excited兴奋的；anxious ‎ 焦虑的；careful 认真的。‎ 答案：　A limit vt.限制；限定；n.界限；限度 教材原句P14：I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我餐馆的食物的好处。‎ ‎①I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.‎ 我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。‎ ‎②The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice.‎ 你要消费的金额限制着你的选择。‎ ‎③In my opinion，you had better set a limit to the expense of your trip.在我看来，你们最好给这次旅行的费用定一个限度。‎ ‎④This technique is useful but it has its limitations.‎ 这种技术实用但也有局限性。‎ ‎4.In my opinion，keeping dogs should not be banned，but________to certain areas.‎ A．limited　　　 B．limiting C．to limit　　　 D．to be limited 解析：　句意为：在我看来，不应该禁止养狗，但要限制在某些特定的区域。but后的句子补充完整为：but keeping dogs should be limited to ‎ certain areas。‎ 答案：　A strength n．[U] 力量，体力；n.[C] 长处，强项 教材原句P11：The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energygiving food.‎ 王鹏餐馆的饮食优点在于它能提供含有足够热量的食物。‎ build up one’s strength增强实力 strengthen vt.加强，增强 ‎①Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses.‎ 我们每个人都有自己的强项和弱项。‎ ‎②When we think of leadship，we often think of strength and power.‎ 一想到领导才能，我们通常会想到实力和权力。‎ ‎③He hasn’t got enough strength to lift the box.‎ 他没有足够的力气搬起那个箱子。‎ ‎④Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.‎ 我们的友谊逐年加深。‎ ‎5.(浙江高考)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only________one’s strength，but also develop one’s character.‎ A．bring up　　　 B．take up C．build up　　　 D．pull up 解析：　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。build up one’‎ s strength增强体力，符合题意。bring up提出，养育；take up占去，继续；pull up(使)停下(住)。‎ 答案：　C benefit vt.使……受益，得益；n.好处，利益；优势 ‎①We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone.我们应该把这笔钱花在大家都能得益的事上。‎ ‎②I am sure that everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.‎ 我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。‎ ‎③Fresh air and good food are beneficial to the health.‎ 新鲜空气和好的食物有益于健康。‎ ‎④Plenty of exercise every day is of great benefit to our health.‎ 每天做些适量运动对健康很有好处。‎ ‎⑤The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public.‎ 警示牌放在那里是为了公众的利益。‎ ‎6.完成句子 ‎(1)Many thousands of patients ____________________(受益于这种新的治疗) and recovered quickly.‎ ‎(2)A large sum of money has been raised__________________(为了……的利益) the poorlyeducated children in the mountainous districts.‎ 答案：　(1)have benefited from this new treatment　(2)for the benefit of get away with被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚 教材原句P10：He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling ‎ people lies！他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！‎ ‎①If you cheat in the exam，you’ll never get away with it.‎ 考试作弊必予追究。‎ ‎②For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine.他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。‎ get across (使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚 get away (from)(从)……脱离，逃脱……‎ get rid of摆脱；除掉 get down to (doing) sth.开始认真地做某事 get in touch with与……取得联系 get on/along well with...与……相处得好，进展顺利 get over爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get through完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话 ‎③If we can get over present difficulties，then everything should be all right.‎ 如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该好起来。‎ ‎④They have a lot in common，so they get along well with each other.‎ 他们有许多共同之处，因此他们相处很好。‎ ‎⑤I called all day yesterday，but I couldn’t get through to you.‎ 昨天我打了一天电话，但是都没办法联络到你。‎ ‎7.The child should be punished.You shouldn’t let him________telling lies.‎ A．keep away from　　　 B．keep away with C．get away from　　　 D．get away with 解析：　keep away from远离；get away from逃离；get away with侥幸成功；逃脱处罚。句意为：这孩子应受到惩罚。他撒谎你不应该不惩罚他。‎ 答案：　D ‎8．(2011·浙江温州十校联合体联考)I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we________fine.‎ A．get over　　　 B．stay up C．get away from　　　 D．get along 解析：　根据前面的“争吵”和转折词but判断，此处意为“现在我们相处得很好”。get along (with sb.)(与某人)相处。‎ 答案：　D in debt负债 教材原句P14：He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.‎ 他不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。‎ be in heavy debt负债累累 be in debt to sb.欠某人债 be in sb.’s debt感激某人；欠某人的情 pay off all the debts还清债务(动作)‎ be out of debt不欠债(状态)‎ get/run into debt陷入债务 ‎①Today，many developing countries are heavily in debt.‎ 如今，许多发展中国家负债累累。‎ ‎②Being out of debt makes Tom a light mood.‎ 还清了债务使得汤姆心情放松。‎ ‎③The couple worked hard day and night in order to pay off all their debts.‎ 为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。‎ ‎④You saved my life；I am forever in your debt.‎ 你救了我的命；我永远感恩不尽。‎ ‎⑤We were poor but we never got into debt.‎ 我们虽穷却从不负债。‎ ‎9.完成句子 This country__________________(负债) for a year because of the financial crisis.Now things have improved a little.‎ 答案：　has been in debt cut down削减；删节 教材原句P15：In this way，they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.‎ 这样，他们减少了饭菜中的脂肪含量，增加了纤维素。‎ ‎①The doctor advised the patient to cut down smoking.‎ 医生建议病人少吸烟。‎ ‎②Our money is running out.We should cut down expenses.‎ 我们的钱快花完了，我们应该削减开支。‎ cut in插话，让某人分享利润 cut up切碎；齐根切掉 cut out删除 cut off切断，中止 ‎③It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。‎ ‎④Because of the terrible earthquake，the electricity of the city has been cut off.由于可怕的地震，城市里的供电被中断了。‎ ‎10.(2010·安徽省重点中学高三检测)I was just talking to my old friend when Mary________.‎ A．cut in　　　 B．cut down C．cut out　　　 D．cut up 解析：　cut in插话。可根据talking to my old friend得出答案。‎ 答案：　A ‎11．Our teacher advised you to________the article that is too long so as to make it fit the space.‎ A．cut away　　　 B．cut through C．cut up　　　 D．cut down 解析：　根据too long和fit the space可知应选D项。cut down削减，删节。cut away切去，走开；cut through抄近路通过；cut up切碎。‎ 答案：　D He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！‎ ‎(1)have sb.doing意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句 ‎　中；意为“使某人做某事”时，多用于肯定句中。‎ ‎(2)have sb.do让某人做某事 ‎(3)have sth.done遭遇不幸；让别人做某事；完成某事 ‎(4)have sth.to do有事情要做 ‎①I can’t have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。‎ ‎②The teacher had his students reading English for half an hour.‎ 这位老师让他的学生读了半个小时的英语。‎ ‎③Don’t be worried.I’ll have Tom help you finish the work.‎ 别担心，我要让汤姆帮你完成工作。‎ ‎④—Can you go to watch the football match with me tonight?‎ ‎——今天晚上你和我一起去看足球赛好吗？‎ ‎—Sorry，but I have an important meeting to attend.‎ ‎——对不起，我有个重要的会议要参加。‎ ‎⑤I had my watch repaired because it didn’t work.‎ 我的手表坏了，所以请人修了。‎ ‎⑥The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday.‎ 昨天，这个妇女的手提包被抢了。‎ ‎12.(2010·山东卷)I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term.‎ A．completing　　　B．to complete C．completed　　　D．being completed 解析：　句意为：本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。考查非谓语动词作定语。have sth.to do有某事要做，to do的逻辑主语需和主句主语一致；当不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，可用have sth.to be done结构。‎ 答案：　B Nothing could be better.‎ 没有比这些更好的了。‎ ‎(1)形容词的比较级与否定代词nothing连用，表达最高级 的含义。有此用法的常用否定词：no，not，never，hardly，‎ nothing，nobody等。‎ ‎(2)表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构：‎ ‎①never＋比较级 ‎②nothing/no＋so＋原级＋as...‎ nothing/no＋比较级＋than...‎ ‎③can/could＋never/not＋enough/too ‎①It was not until then that I suddenly realized noboy was happier than I was.直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。‎ ‎②Nothing in my life shook me so deeply as the first visit to China.‎ 在我的一生中给我震撼最大的是第一次到中国参观。‎ ‎③You can never be too careful.你再怎么小心也不过分。‎ ‎④—Did you sleep well last night？你昨夜睡得好吗？‎ ‎—Never better，like a log.从没这么好过，睡得很死。‎ ‎⑤Nothing is more precious than health.‎ 健康的身体是最宝贵的。‎ ‎13.(2011·安徽示范性高中联考二)—Did you have a good night’s sleep，sir?‎ ‎—Oh，exactly.It was such a comfortable bed.I could never have________sleep.‎ A．a good　　　 B．the best C．a better　　　 D．a best 解析：　考查形容词的比较级。从语意看，说话人表示“从来没有睡得这样好”，“a(n)＋形容词的比较级＋名词”用在否定句中表示最高级的含义。‎ 答案：　C ‎14．(2010·北京海淀模拟)—Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.‎ ‎—Yes.No one could perform________，I think.‎ A．well　　　 B．better C．best　　　 D．the best 解析：　句意为：——我们的女运动员在温哥华冬奥会上取得了巨大的成就。——是的。我想，没人比她们表现更精彩了。此处用“否定形式＋比较级”表达“没人比……更……，最……”之意。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.选词填空 spy on；throw it away；get away with；earn one’s living；win back；tell a lie；in debt；cut down ‎1．He didn’t________________________stealing and was put into prison.‎ 答案：　get away with ‎2．He has been heavily ________________because of his sister’s illness.‎ 答案：　in debt ‎3．Being unable to speak English，he found it hard to________________________in Canada.‎ 答案：　earn his living ‎4．Never think you will not be found out when you______________________.‎ 答案：　tell a lie ‎5．He was sent to________________the enemy’s military bases during the war.‎ 答案：　spy on ‎6．—Are you sure these measures can________________ on the number of traffic accidents?‎ ‎—Yes，I am.‎ 答案：　cut down ‎7．This is the best chance for you to go abroad.Don’t ______________________.‎ 答案：　throw it away ‎8．The seventeenyearold girl is determined to________________the gold medal in four years.‎ 答案：　win back Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2009·重庆卷)With the world changing fast，we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.‎ A．deal 　　　 B．dealt C．to deal 　　　 D．dealing 解析：　 句意为：随着世界的快速变化，我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。本题考查的是不定式作定语，have something to do，动词do逻辑上的主语是we，也就是句子的主语。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2010·东城练习二)Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers________to her mother on her birthday.‎ A．send　　　 B．sent C．sending　　　 D．being sent 解析：　本题考查非谓语动词。have something done表示某事被做。‎ 答案：　B ‎3．—Excuse me sir，where is Room 301?‎ ‎—Just a minute.I’ll have Bob________you to your room.‎ A．show　　　 B．shows C．to show　　　 D．showing 解析：　此题考查动词have的用法。have sb.do sth.命令或安排某人做某事。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．—Has John repaired his washing machine?‎ ‎—He had it________，because he was so busy.‎ A．to repaired　　 B．repair C．repaired　　　 D．to be repairing 解析：　句意为：约翰修好他的洗衣机了吗？——他让别人修的，因为他太忙了。have sth.done让某事被做。‎ 答案：　C ‎5．(上海春招)If we have illegal immigrants________in，many local workers will lose their jobs.‎ A．came　　　 B．coming C．to come　　　 D．having come 解析：　考查have的用法。句意为：如果我们让非法移民不断涌入，很多当地工人就会失业。此处是have sb.doing sth.结构，表示“让某人一直做某事”。‎ 答案：　B Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——情态动词(Ⅱ)‎ ‎1．(2011·河北唐山模拟)—What do you think of the film Avatar?‎ ‎—It________be better.I even want to see it twice.‎ A．won’t　　　 B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t　　　 D．mightn’t 解析：　考查情态动词。句意为：——你觉得电影《阿凡达》怎么样？——再好不过了，我甚至想看第二次。can’t/couldn’t与比较级连用，表示“再也没有更……的了”。类似的用法还有“I couldn’t agree more.(我完全同意。)”‎ 答案：　B ‎2．(2011·东北三校联合模拟)—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?‎ ‎—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________have one as a reward.‎ A．must　　　 B．need C．would　　　 D．shall 解析：　考查情态动词。shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2011·江西南昌模拟)The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.You ________the trouble to carry your raincoat with you.‎ A．should have taken　　　 B．could have taken C．needn’t have taken　　　 D．mustn’t have taken 解析：　should have done本应做某事，但却没做；could have done可能做了某事；needn’t have done没有必要做某事，但却做了。根据句意C项最佳。must表推测时不能用在否定句中。句意为：昨天天气很好，你本来不必费力带着雨衣的。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(2011·石家庄高中毕业班教学质检)—John looks a bit upset.Did you tell him the bad news?‎ ‎—Yes，but I________him after his birthday party.‎ A．should have told　　　 B．must have told C．shouldn’t have told　　　 D．needn’t have told 解析：　考查“情态动词＋完成式”的用法。约翰看起来有点难过，因此“我本应该在他生日聚会之后再告诉他这个坏消息的”。should have done本该做某事(但是没有做)；shouldn’t have done本不该做但却做了。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．(2010·东城检测)—The traffic is heavy now，so Mike________come late.‎ ‎—Let’s wait ten more minutes.‎ A．can　　　 B．need C．may　　　 D．shall 解析：　考查情态动词的用法。句意为：——现在交通繁忙，所以Mike可能会迟到。——那让我们再等10分钟吧。此处may表示“(有可能但不肯定)也许，可能”；can能够；need需要；shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示“警告、命令、威胁”等语气。‎ 答案：　C 单元知识高考题型链接 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·陕西八校联考)‎ University Room Regulations ‎ Approved and Prohibited Items ‎ The following items are approved for use in residential(提供住宿的)rooms：electric blankets，hairdryers, personal computers，radios，televisions and DVD players.Items that are not allowed in student rooms include：candles，ceiling fans，fireworks，waterbeds，sunlamps and wireless routers(路由器)．Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.‎ Access to Residential Rooms ‎ Students are provided with a combination(数码组合)for their room door locks upon checkin.Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.The fee is$25 to change a room combination.‎ Cooking Policy ‎ Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.Students must clean up after cooking.This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff.Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use.With the exception of using a small microwave oven to ‎ heat food，students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.‎ ‎ Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms.Students who are found with pets，whether visiting or owned by the student，are subject to an initial fine of$100 and a continuing fine of$50 a day per pet.Students receive a written notice when the fine goes into effect.If，one week from the date of the written notice，the pet is not removed，the student is referred to the Student Court.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了某个大学的学生公寓的规章制度，包括宿舍内可用和禁止使用的物品、厨房的使用制度、饲养宠物的事项等。‎ ‎【段意梳理】‎ ‎ 第一段：宿舍内可以使用和禁止使用的物品。‎ ‎ 第二段：房间密码保管制度—禁止和别人共用密码，否则承担密码更换费。‎ ‎ 第三段：厨房使用制度—保持清洁，否则禁用。‎ ‎ 第四段：饲养宠物制度—除鱼外，不准饲养其他宠物，否则罚款。‎ ‎【难句分析】　The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others为if引导的条件状语从句，该状语从句中that the student has shared the combination with others为that引导的主语从句。‎ 译文：如果发现学生和他人共用房间门锁密码，宿舍生活管理办公室将在任何时候更换门锁的密码，且费用由该学生承担。‎ ‎1．Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?‎ A．Wireless routers and radios.‎ B．Hairdryers and candles.‎ C．Ceiling fans and waterbeds.‎ D．TVs and electric blankets.‎ 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“The following items are approved for use in residential(提供住宿的)rooms: electric blankets，hairdryers，personal computers，radios，televisions and DVD players”可知，在宿舍可以使用电视和电热毯，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．What do we know about the cooking policy?‎ A．A microwave oven can be used.‎ B．Cooking in student rooms is permitted.‎ C．A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.‎ D．Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.‎ 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“With the exception of using a small microwave oven to heat food，students are not permitted to cook in their rooms”可知，学生可以使用微波炉加热食物，故A项正确。‎ 干扰项分析：根据第三段的第一句“Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen”可知，学生只能在厨房烹饪食物，故B项错误；根据第三段的第二句“Students must clean up after cooking”可知，学生做完饭后必须自己打扫厨房，故C项错误；D项文中没有提及。‎ ‎3．If a student keeps a cat in his room for a week after receiving the written notice，he will face ________.‎ A．a fine of $100 　　　　B．parent visits C．the Student Court D．a final warning 解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句“If，one week from the date of the written notice，the pet is not removed，the student is referred to the Student Court”可知，如果学生在收到书面通知的一个星期内没有送走宠物，该学生将被送交给学生法庭，故C项正确。‎ B ‎(2017－2018·高三第五次调研)‎ ‎ Martha Graham, born in 1894, was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture. She created almost two hundred dance pieces. She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance.‎ ‎ Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. At that time, the dancers were looked down on. So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning. Until 1916, she began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts, founded by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing.‎ ‎ In 1936, Graham made her defining work “Chronicle”， which signaled the beginning of a new era in modern dance. The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner. Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil War, it focused on depression and isolation, reflected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes.‎ ‎ Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn't give up. Her last completed ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag. “A Dancer's World” is an introduction to Graham and her work. She tells about her dances and her dance group shows some of their methods.‎ ‎ Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1976. She was the first dancer to receive the country's highest civilian honor. She died in 1991 at the age of ninetysix. In 1998, Time magazine listed her as the “Dancer of the Century” and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了现代舞之母玛莎·格兰姆和她所取得的成就。‎ ‎4. According to the first paragraph we can learn ________.‎ A. Martha is the most famous creators of dance B．Martha’s effect on architecture is very great C．Martha is named as The Mother of Modern Dance D．The background of Martha Graham is unbelievable 解析：C　细节理解题。根据“Martha Graham, born in 1894, was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance，”可知A选项错误；根据“with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture”可知B选项错误；D选项没被提及。故选C。‎ ‎5．From the second paragraph we can infer ________.‎ A. Martha’s hard work paid off B．The dancers had very low status C．Martha wanted to be a dancer at an early age D．At first, Martha's parents supported her desire to dance 解析：B　推理判断题。A选项没有被提及；根据“Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer.” 可知C选项和原文矛盾；根据“So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning.” 可知D选项错误；根据“At that time, the dancers were looked down on.” 可知当时舞蹈演员被轻视，可判断舞蹈演员的地位低下。故选B。‎ ‎6. How is the passage mainly developed?‎ A．By time. B．By space ‎ C．By contrast. D．By examples.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段的“Martha Graham, born in 1894”，第二段的“Until 1916, she began her studies”，第三段的“In 1936, Graham made her defining work ‘Chronicle’” 以及第五段的“She ‎ died in 1991 at the age of ninetysix. In 1998, Time magazine listed her as the ‘Dancer of the Century’ and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century.” 可知文章是按时间顺序写的。故选A。‎ ‎7. Which of the follow statements is true according to the passage?‎ A. The Great Depression happened after 1929. ‎ B．Martha’s parents couldn’t afford her tuition.‎ C．Martha didn’t stop dancing despite of being blamed.‎ D．Martha was the first dancer to receive the world's highest civilian honor.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed，” 可判断A选项错误；B选项没有被提及；D选项属于偷换概念，原文是the country’s，而不是the worlds。根据第四段的 “Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn't give up.” 可知C选项与原文意思一致。故选C。‎ C ‎(2018·广东七校联考)‎ Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question，we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area.Not all historical buildings are attractive.However，there may be other reasons—for example，economic reasons—why they should be preserved.So，let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?‎ ‎ In my view，new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.Indeed，there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings.As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影响) its surroundings too much.it often improves the attractiveness of the area.‎ It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏)the area they are in，but the same can be said of some old buildings too.Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas.I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change.‎ Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings，I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move_things_forward.If we always reproduced what was there before，we would all still be living in caves. Thus，I would argue against copying ‎ ‎ previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different，even though that might be the more risky choice.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，讨论了现代建筑是否应该和古老的历史建筑建在一起。‎ ‎8. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?‎ A. Most of them are too expensive to preserve.‎ B．They are more pleasing than modern buildings.‎ C．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.‎ D．Some of them are not attractive.‎ 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“Not all historical buildings are attractive”可知，并非所有的历史建筑都有吸引力。据此可知，一些历史建筑没有吸引力，故D项正确。‎ 干扰项分析：A项文中没有提及；文中并没有对历史建筑和现代建筑的吸引力进行比较，故B项错误；根据第一段的第二句“In order to answer...feel of an area”可知C项错误。‎ ‎9. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?‎ A. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.‎ B．We should reproduce the same old buildings.‎ C．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.‎ D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings.‎ 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏)the area they are in，but the same can be said of some old buildings too”可知，作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了它们所在地区的环境，所以选A项。‎ 干扰项分析：根据第四段的第二句“If we always reproduced what was there before，we would all still be living in caves”可知，作者反对照搬历史建筑的样式，故B项错误；根据第三段的 “Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas.I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change”可知D项错误；由第二段的最后一句可知C项错误。‎ ‎10. By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “________”．‎ A．destroy old buildings B．put things in a different place C．choose new architectural style D．respect people's feelings for historical buildings 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据文章第四段的第二句“If we always reproduced what was there before，we would all still be living in caves”‎ 可知，如果我们不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面；据此可以判断，“move things forward”的意思是“选择新的建筑风格”，所以选C。‎ 干扰项分析：A项意为“破坏老建筑”，B项意为“将事物放在不同的地方”，D项意为“尊重人们对于历史建筑的情感”，都与文意不符。‎ ‎11. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To explain why people dislike change.‎ B．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.‎ C．To warn that we could end up living in caves.‎ D．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.‎ 解析：B　写作意图题。通读文章可知，第一段的第一句“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city”为本文主旨句；结合全文可知，本文旨在论证现代建筑可以建在有历史遗迹的地方，所以选B。‎ D ‎(2018·河南郑州质量预测)‎ ‎ It seems that technology could be changing the places where we live.A project conducted by Johann Siau，a senior lecturer at the University of Hertfordshire's School of Engineering and Technology，has built on the university's InterHome project aimed to create a home that supervises people living at home who are weak or elderly.‎ ‎“We've developed a wristband type of device(装置)，”said Johann Siau，“which allows us to monitor the condition of an elderly person，or whoever is wearing the device.It allows us to collect data of a person to see if the person has fallen or is away from where they are supposed to be.It connects an elderly person with an assisted living type of device with the InterHome.”The assisted living project is part of the university's wider InterHome project，which is the development of a smart house.The house stores the usage patterns of the person living there and can adapt to making it use as little energy as possible.Connecting the two together and building the service element(元素)allow us to introduce the assisted living idea to care for the elderly.It's very important that these technologies are there to help and support rather than to replace any of the existing services.‎ ‎ The InterHome is not just a prototype(雏形)or a vehicle for research.It's a study tool to help students from different scientific backgrounds learn about and develop technology.The InterHome combines the latest broadband technology，mobile data and ‎ communication.Researchers and students make sure that all the technology works together. Students get experience by developing new hardware and software themselves.It requires a variety of skills from studentselectronic engineers，computer students，design students and so on.“The present plan we are working on is a smart home project in Watford with some commercial companies，” said Johann Siau.“We are looking at how a smarter home can provide extra value services.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了一个名为InterHome的项目，其设计目的是通过科学技术向病人或老人提供帮助和服务。‎ ‎12．The underlined word “supervises” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．‎ A．watches over 　　　　B．gives support to C．directs D．comforts 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的which allows us to monitor the condition of an elderly person以及画线词所在句子可知，supervise与monitor同义，意为“监督”。故选A项。‎ ‎13．What is the InterHome project intended to do?‎ A．Call on the students to care for old people.‎ B．Provide better care and services for the elderly.‎ C．Carry out all the work the existing services do.‎ D．Develop houses that mainly aim to save energy.‎ 解析：B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句中的introduce the assisted living idea to care for the elderly和help and support rather than to replace any of the existing services可知，本项目的目的是更好地照顾老年人。故选B项。‎ ‎14．What can we learn about the InterHome project from the article?‎ A．It is a large collection of many existing technologies.‎ B．It is just a platform to help students to do research work.‎ C．It is a smart home project developed by different universities.‎ D．It allows students to put into use and try out what they've learned.‎ 解析：D　推理判断题。通读四个选项，本题内容与文章第三段内容相关；根据前五句可知，本项目不仅仅是一个研究的样品或是媒介，学生们需要在实践中获得经验。故选D项。A项错在many；B项错在just，根据第三段首句，此处应为not just；C项错在different universities，文中未提及。‎ ‎15．What is the main purpose of the author in writing this article?‎ A．To build up a new platform for students to develop new ‎ technology.‎ B．To show how future buildings will change elderly people's way of life.‎ C．To describe a new project that aims to develop a smart home for the elderly.‎ D．To introduce a new kind of technology to help people to enjoy a better life.‎ 解析：C　推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段简要介绍InterHome这个项目，后两段通过研究人员的话进一步补充具体信息，因此，通过本篇文章作者向我们介绍一个为老年人提供帮助和服务的InterHome项目。故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·江西南昌十校二模)‎ Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？__1__ Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products.‎ ‎ Clean the toilet with Coke. It's amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner.__2__ You'll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleaners.Pour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hours.Then let water wash the toilet!‎ Remove water stains with orange peels.You've just eaten an orange.__3__ Do not throw away those orange peels.You can use the skins to clean stainless steel.Your appliances will shine again after you rub(擦)them with the skins. The peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a second.‎ Use banana peels to polish leather furniture. Experts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairs.Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task.__4__ Afterwards, remove the leftover with a cloth.This trick is simple and cheap.Use it if you want your leather furniture to look brand new again.‎ ‎ __5__ Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的)？Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowl.Then add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquid.Shake the bowl and then fill up a plastic spray with the mixture.Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny.‎ A．Wait a minute!‎ B．Make your own glass cleaner.‎ C．Follow the steps given below.‎ D．Of course your answer is “yes”．‎ E．They leave no marks or scratches.‎ F．Instead of drinking it，use it to clean the toilet bowl.‎ G．They are economical and safe to use on all of furniture.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个干净的生活环境中、让一切光洁发亮吗？那就按照以下步骤来做吧。无需购买昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。‎ ‎1．解析：C　根据空前的“Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？”和空后的“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用。‎ ‎2．解析：F　本段讲的是用可乐清理厕所，故F项“你可以不喝可乐，而是用之清洁马桶”符合语境。‎ ‎3．解析：A　根据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels”可知，吃了橘子后，稍待片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。‎ ‎4．解析：E　根据上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也非常适合擦拭皮质，使污痕或划痕统统不见。所以选E。‎ ‎5．解析：B　根据下文中的“you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic(无毒的)．..”“Use it to clean windows and mirrors.Make your glass surfaces clean and shiny”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。‎