【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（9页word版） 9页

‎ ‎ ‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlife protection单元学案 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 野生动物通道 ‎312‎ ‎7分钟 Though Alberta's Banff National Park is home to a large and healthy wildlife population, it also welcomes about 3.5 million visitors every year. Besides, 4.5 million humans drive through without stopping, all passengers on the busy TransCanada Highway that cuts through the park. That's why roadkill (animals that have been killed by cars on the road) was a common sight on the world's longest national road.‎ Banff first put up wildlife fencing on each side of the highway. Then, since 1996, they've opened six wildlife overpasses and 38 underpasses, which have allowed for more than 140,000 wildlife crossings.‎ Though these crossings are normally closed to all humans, as a tourist I was lucky to be allowed to see Banff's Red Earth Overpass with road ecologist Trevor Kinley. As a project manager with Parks Canada, he told me that so far, they have recorded 10,000 safe animal crossings on this overpass alone. That's 10,000 animal lives saved and a whole lot of roadkill prevented.‎ Labib Salama, an animal lover, worries that forcing so much wildlife into using just a few bridges and tunnels (passages under the ground) is putting some animals' lives into danger. They probably become easy meals for their natural enemies on either side. However, the truth is that there are no more killings around the crossings than there are anywhere ‎ else in the park.‎ Walking over the Red Earth Overpass, I was surprised how natural the area seemed. The noise disappeared, as did the road. The forest has filled in the area so that anyone crossing would really have no idea they were crossing a main highway. Along the way, I found the fresh tracks of black bears, grizzlies, wolves, elk, deer, and marten. Somehow, all these animal tracks made me so happy, knowing that they were passing safely under and over the longest road in Canada.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。加拿大的班夫国家公园里有不少野生动物通道，这有效地保护了野生动物们的安全。‎ ‎1．What was the problem facing Banff National Park?‎ A．Too many people went to visit the park.‎ B．Highway cars took many animals' lives.‎ C．Visitors were often hurt by wild animals.‎ D．Some animals were in danger of dying out.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“That's why roadkill ... was a common sight”可知，班夫国家公园里的动物以前常被过往的车辆撞死，故选B项。‎ ‎2．According to the text, the author might be ________.‎ A．a visitor to Banff National Park B．a tourist traveling across Alberta C．an ecologist working for Parks Canada D．a designer for the TransCanada Highway 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第三段中的“as a tourist I was lucky to be allowed to see Banff's Red Earth Overpass”可知，作者可能是来班夫国家公园参观的游客，故选A项。‎ ‎3．Labib Salama worries that some animals may ________.‎ A．fall off the bridges B．be killed by passing cars C．refuse to use the tunnels D．be eaten by others easily 解析：选D　细节理解题。由第四段中的“They probably become easy meals for their natural enemies”可知，D项说法正确。‎ ‎4．What does the author think of the wildlife crossings in Banff?‎ A．They've made it easier for visitors to walk around.‎ B．They've destroyed the environment in the park.‎ C．It is a waste of money to build them.‎ D．It is a good way to protect animals.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“all these animal tracks made me so happy, knowing that they were passing safely”可知，作者认为这些通道很好地起到了保护动物的作用，故选D项。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 光污染对城市植物的影响 ‎303‎ ‎7分钟 Do you ever wonder why trees begin to bud (发芽) earlier in some cities? Scientists finally found the answer but it's not very pleasant. New science suggests a relationship between light pollution and the timing when trees produce buds, which signals the arrival of the spring season.‎ Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Center as the unwanted consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Excessive (过多的) manmade light at night results in disturbed natural cycles, and also prevents the observation of stars and planets at night. But its effect ‎ on the environment goes beyond that.‎ By studying some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more exposed to artificial lighting at night bud up to 7.5 days earlier than those at the natural nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature when the buds came out. The early budding may cause problems for insects, which feed on leaves, and the birds which then feed on them in turn. Professor Richard FfrenchConstant, who helped lead the research, explained, that more than the budding of trees, the study implies the danger to the balance of the ecosystem. “At the moment, caterpillars are timed to hatch to make the most of the opportunities to feed on freshly budded leaves, and birds hatch in time to feed on the young caterpillar，” he said.‎ Migratory (迁徙的) birds are also negatively affected by light pollution. The glare might confuse them and make them lose their flying sense. The phenomenon might explain why some birds accidentally knock into buildings.‎ Such results stress the need to pursue studies that aim to measure the effect of light pollution. If the issue were left to continue, it is estimated that by 2100, spring would begin almost a full month earlier than it does today.‎ 语篇解读：这是一篇科普说明文。由于光污染，在某些城市春天来得比往年要早，这给动植物造成了不同程度的影响。‎ ‎5．What will happen if there is too much manmade light?‎ A．People's eyesight will be damaged.‎ B．The ecosystem will likely lose its balance.‎ C．No stars or planets may be observed at night.‎ D．Animals' living habits may change suddenly.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Excessive (过多的) manmade light at night results in disturbed natural cycles”及第三段中的“the study implies the danger to the balance of the ecosystem”可知，过多的人造光会干扰自然循环，使生态系统失去平衡。故选B项。‎ ‎6．How does the early budding affect insects or plants?‎ A．It will cause the rising number of insects.‎ B．It could lead to trees growing fewer leaves.‎ C．It may result in some insects going hungry.‎ D．It might push insects to hatch more slowly.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。第三段先提到树木发芽早可能会给昆虫和鸟类带来问题，下面提到正常情况是毛虫按照有机会吃新鲜树叶的时间孵化出来，鸟类孵化出来刚好能吃上幼毛虫，如果树木发芽早了，那后孵化的毛虫就吃不上新鲜树叶，可能会挨饿或饿死，而刚孵化的鸟类的食物——幼毛虫也可能减少，由此推知，树木发芽早可能导致一些昆虫挨饿。‎ ‎7．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?‎ A．The effect of light pollution is destructive.‎ B．The spring of 2100 will become much longer.‎ C．Light pollution should be taken seriously.‎ D．A further study on light pollution is scheduled.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据末段可知，如果任由光污染问题继续下去，估计到2100年，春天会比现在提前将近一整月。这些变化当然会对环境、生态和人类造成巨大的影响，而且文中提到现在迫切需要进行旨在估量光污染的影响的研究，因此我们肯定需要认真对待光污染的问题。故选C项。‎ ‎8．What is the suitable title for the passage?‎ A．Why spring comes earlier in some cities B．Why light pollution needs to be studied C．How trees' early budding takes place D．How much light is “too much”‎ 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲的是由于光污染，在一些城市树木发芽早，即春天来得比往年要早，以及这给动植物造成的不同程度的影响。因此A项最能概括文章的大意。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 As warming continues, scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced, with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life.‎ ‎__1__ One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer, it can hold less dissolved (溶解的) oxygen. The other reason is less obvious. The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface — either from the atmosphere, or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. __2__‎ Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter. That's because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting (融化) of glaciers, icebergs, and ice sheets. __3__ The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. __4__ Instead, more of the oxygen will remain near the surface, where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms.‎ A lowoxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet. A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to ‎ zero by 2100. They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall, until they declined by 30 percent. The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans, but even 100,000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. __5__‎ A．It's not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.‎ B．Scientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.‎ C．Fresh water's inpouring will make the water at the ocean's surface lighter.‎ D．The oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.‎ E．Global warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.‎ F．The light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.‎ G．If they are right, we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了海水中氧气含量降低的主要原因及其可能对海洋生物带来的长期的影响。‎ ‎1．选B　从文章篇章结构分析，本空为段落主旨句。本段介绍了全球变暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One”“The other reason”与B项中的“two reasons”相呼应，故选B。‎ ‎2．选D　根据段落主旨和上文的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface ... at the top of the sea.”可知，此处是通过说明海洋中氧气的来源与循环来解释海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D项“然后，随着表层海水的慢慢下沉，氧气扩散至海洋深处”符合语境。‎ ‎3．选C ‎　根据上文的内容和常识可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都属于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入会使海洋表面的水变得更轻。故C项符合语境。C项中的“make the water ... lighter”与下文中的“make it lighter”的对应关系亦是提示。‎ ‎4．选F　根据上文的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will ...”和下文的“Instead, more of the oxygen will remain ...”可知，F项与空格前的句子的句式相同，且与空格后的句子的内容存在语意上的转折关系，故F项符合语境。‎ ‎5．选G　G项中的“they”与上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼应，且上文讲到即使我们把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很长时间才能恢复，其对海洋生物造成的影响将是长期的，故G项“如果他们是对的，那么我们完全有理由对它对海洋生物的重大影响感到担忧”符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2018·南昌模拟)Harmony is very important to our society. All of us are looking forward to live in a harmonious society. As students, I thought we should first keep our dormitories with harmony. For one thing, it can create a good environment for my studies and life. For other, it can help us grow healthily. Unfortunately, there are some way to make our dormitories harmonious. Firstly, we should learn to understand each other and solve everything in the peace. Secondly, we should try to get rid our own bad habits. Lastly, we should share or get on with each other.‎ 答案：第二句：live→living 第三句：thought→think; with→in 第四句：my→our 第五句：other→another 第六句：Unfortunately→Fortunately; way→ways 第七句：去掉the 第八句：rid后加of 第九句：or→and