高中英语Unit 3 A taste of English humour 知识点学案 （新人教版必修4） 13页

Unit3《A taste of English humour》（新人教版必修4）‎ Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．I found it________(令人惊讶的) that the young player beat the chess master in the game.‎ 答案：　astonishing ‎2．He is a________(失败者) as an artist，but a success as an art teacher.‎ 答案：　failure ‎3．If we work with a strong will，we can ________(克服) any difficulty，no matter how great it is.‎ 答案：　overcome ‎4．They often________(款待) their friends at weekends.‎ 答案：　entertain ‎5．Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the________(无家可归的) work and education.‎ 答案：　homeless ‎6．After graduating from Peking University，he was________(幸运的) in having a good job.‎ 答案：　fortunate ‎7．I lived in an area of________(显著的) natural beauty.‎ 答案：　outstanding ‎8．Most________(表演者) feel nervous before they go on stage.‎ 答案：　performers ‎9．So far there is no________(令人信服的) evidence that there exists life in outer space.‎ 答案：　convincing ‎10．Some kids are very ________(挑剔的、特别的) about food.That’s why they don’t have a balanced diet.‎ 答案：　particular Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．up to now　　　　　　直到现在 ‎2．badly off 穷的；缺少的 ‎3．cut off　切断；断绝 ‎4．cut down　砍倒，缩小，削减 ‎5．burst into laughter　　　突然笑起来 ‎6．feel content with　对……满足 ‎7．pick out　挑出；辨别出 ‎8．star in担任主角；主演 ‎9．pay attention to注意 ‎10．in the open air　　　在户外 Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家庭状况更糟了，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ Unfortunately his father died，__________ ________ ________ ____________ ________ ________，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.‎ 答案：　leaving the family even worse off ‎ ‎2．查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。‎ Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them________ ________ they were spaghetti.‎ 答案：　as if ‎3．在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英国成为受欢迎的童星之一。‎ By his teens，Charlie________，through his humour，________one of the most popular child actors in England.‎ 答案：　had；become ‎4．随着时间的推移，他开始拍电影。‎ ‎________time went by，he began making films.‎ 答案：　As content adj.满足的，满意的；n.内容，目录，容量；满足；vt.使满足 教材原句P18：He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content with their lives.‎ 在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。‎ ‎①To be honest，I’m very content with my life at present.‎ 诚实的说，我对目前的生活心满意足。‎ ‎②That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live in the country.那位富人厌倦了城市生活，于是他愿意生活在乡下。‎ ‎③We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.‎ 我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。‎ ‎④She dropped her purse and the contents fell out on the floor.‎ 她的皮包掉下，里面的东西散落在地板上。‎ ‎⑤It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.买书前最好先看一看目录。‎ ‎1.完成句子 Those________________________________(满足于现状的人) will surely make no more advance in life.‎ 答案：　who are content with their present situations astonish vt.使惊诧 教材原句P18：You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，他刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞了。‎ ‎①It astonished me that he could be so thoughtless.‎ 我真没料到他会如此轻率。‎ ‎②I was astonished to hear that he had got the job.‎ 听说他得到那份工作我很吃惊。‎ ‎③China is developing at an astonishing speed，and will soon be one of the most powerful countries in the world.中国以令人惊讶的速度发展，不久将成为世界上最强大国家之一。‎ ‎2.用astonish的适当形式填空：‎ To our great________，the boss wasn’t________ at the________news at all.‎ 答案：　astonishment；astonished；astonishing direct vt.‎& vi.导演；指挥；指示；adj.径直的；直接的；直率的；adv.直接地 教材原句P18：Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in.‎ 查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。‎ ‎①The opera was directed by the wellknown Chinese director，Zhang Yimou.歌剧由中国著名导演张艺谋执导。‎ ‎②The old man is willing to stand on the bend and directs the traffic.这位老人乐意站在转弯处指挥交通。 ‎ ‎③I like to make friends with anyone who is open and direct.‎ 我喜欢和任何坦诚直爽的人交朋友。‎ ‎④It’s only a small improvement but at least it’s a step in the right direction.虽然这只是一个小小的改进，但至少是朝着正确的方向迈出的一步。‎ ‎⑤Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet.‎ 老师一进来大家就安静了。‎ ‎3.When I was in hospital，my mother made a promise that she would take me to Qingdao________I was well enough to travel，which________my recovery.‎ A．direct；contributed to　　　B．directly；contributed to C．directly；attributed to　　　D．direct；attributed to 解析：　directly作连词，表示“一……就……”，direct没有此用法；contribute to有助于……。句意为：在我住院的时候，妈妈向我承诺一旦我恢复到可以出行了，就带我去青岛，这有助于我的康复。‎ 答案：　B particular adj.特殊的；特别的；挑剔的；n.细节；细目 教材原句P20：Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.孩子们尤其对他的表演报之以大笑。‎ be particular about/over sth.对……讲究，挑剔 in particular尤其，特别，格外 particularly adv.尤其，特别 ‎①I have nothing particular to do this evening，so let’s go out for a walk.今晚我没有什么特别的事要做，咱们出去散散步吧！‎ ‎②He is very particular about food while he doesn’t care about ‎ money.他对吃的东西特别挑剔，而不在乎金钱。‎ ‎③Text messages are very popular in recent years，particularly among young people.近年来手机短信大受欢迎，尤其在年轻人当中。‎ ‎4.完成句子 我们应该尊重每一个人，尤其是我们的父母和老人。‎ We should respect everyone，our parents and the elderly________________.‎ 答案：　in particular whisper vi.& vt.低语，小声说；把(秘密等)悄悄传开；n.耳语，低语 教材原句P22：Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered，“Watson，when you look at that beautiful sky，what do you think of？”夏洛克·福尔摩斯仰望着繁星，轻声问道：“华生，当你望着美丽的天空时，你想到了什么？”‎ whisper to sb.与某人耳语 in a whisper＝in whispers＝in a low voice耳语地，低声地 It is/was whispered that...据秘密传闻……‎ ‎①She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.‎ 她探过身去附耳给他说了些什么。‎ ‎②It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.‎ 有人私下说他不久于人世，他果然去世了。‎ ‎③They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers.‎ 他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。‎ ‎5.In order not to let the others hear what he said，he________the news to me.‎ A．shouted　　　 B．told C．whispered　　　 D．said 解析：　句意为：为了不让别人听见他说的话，他低声告诉了我这个消息。whisper低声说；低语，符合题意。‎ 答案：　C convince vt.使信服；使相信 教材原句P18：The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted！令人心悦诚服的表演使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜了！‎ ‎①You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work.你需要让你的面试官相信你有驾驭这份工作的能力。‎ ‎②His mother has been trying to convince him to see a doctor.‎ 他妈妈一直设法说服他去看医生。‎ ‎③I managed to convince them that the story was true.‎ 我设法使他们相信那故事是真的。‎ ‎④Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.‎ 科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。‎ ‎⑤There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。‎ ‎6.Scientists are convinced________the positive effect of laughter________physical and mental health.‎ A．of；at　　　 B．by；in C．of；on　　　 D．on；at 解析：　句意为：科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。be convinced of坚信，深信，确信；effect常与on连用，意为“对……的影响”。以上两个均属于固定搭配，故选C。‎ 答案：　C badly off穷的；缺少的 教材原句P18：Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他父亲去世了，他的家境更加贫困，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ ‎①We aren’t too badly off but we can’t afford a house like that.‎ 我们并不是一文不名，但我们负担不起那样的房子。‎ ‎②The school is rather badly off for books and equipment.‎ 这所学校相当缺乏书和设备。‎ ‎③I went to her home and found her living condition was worse off than mine.我去她家一看，发现她的生活状况比我的更差。‎ ‎④If he had worked harder when young，he would be well off now.如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。‎ ‎⑤To make matters worse/What’s worse，it began to rain while we were marching.使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨。‎ ‎7.We shouldn’t complain about being poor，because many families are much_______after the big earthquake.‎ A．better off　　　 B．badly off C．well off　　　 D．worse off 解析：　由句意和句子成分分析可知，空格处应用比较级，表示“更拮据，更贫穷，境况更不好”，故选D。well off情况很好，富裕；badly off穷的，缺少的。‎ 答案：　D pick out挑出；辨别出 教材原句P18：Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.‎ 查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。‎ ‎①It took Mary a long time to pick out a new dress at the store.‎ 玛丽花了很长时间才从那家商店挑选了一件新衣服。‎ ‎②A competition was held to pick out the best table tennis players.为选拔出最好的乒乓球选手举行了一场比赛。‎ pick up拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；‎ 收听到；身体好转 pick up with sb.结识某人 pick and choose挑三拣四 ‎③He picked up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.他在巴黎出差时顺便学会了一些法语。‎ ‎④You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.‎ 到了海滨，你就很快地恢复健康。‎ ‎8.Sam________some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ A．brought up　　　 B．looked up C．picked up　　　 D．set up 解析：　句意为：Sam只通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养；look up抬头看，查询；pick up好转，开车接人，认出，学会；set up建造，搭起。根据句意故选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎9．—How could you________my sister so easily in the crowd?‎ ‎—Because she stood out in her bright red dress.‎ A．pick up　　　B．pick out C．take up　　　D．take out 解析：　句意为：“在人群中你怎么那么容易认出我妹妹来的？”“因为她穿着鲜艳的红裙子，十分显眼。”pick out认出，挑出，符合句意。pick up拣出；take up从事，学习；take out拿出，均不符合题意。‎ 答案：　B Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.‎ 不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家庭状况更糟了，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ ‎①His parents died，leaving him an orphan.‎ 他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。‎ ‎②The child fell，striking his head against the door.‎ 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。‎ ‎③European football is played in 80 countries，making it the most popular sport in the world.‎ 八十个国家踢欧式足球，使它成为世界上最流行的运动。‎ 现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”，而不定式作结果状语常表出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎④He hurried to the bus stop，only to find the bus had left.‎ 他匆匆地去了车站，结果发现车已离开。‎ ‎⑤Her father disappeared，never to be heard from again.‎ 她的父亲离家出走，从此杳无音讯。‎ ‎10.The news shocked the public，________to great concern about students’ safety at school.‎ A．having led　　　 B．led C．leading　　　 D．to lead 解析：　句意为：这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。首先排除B和D两项；having done指动作先于谓语动词发生，在此不符合语境，故只能选择C。‎ 答案：　C By his teens，Charlie had，through his humour，become one of the most popular child actors in England.在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英国成为最受欢迎的童星之一。‎ by在加时间点引导的时间状语句子中，表示“到……为止，到……底”时，句子经常用完成时态。 ‎ ‎①By 2010 the population of our city will have risen to over 20 million.到2010年，我们城市的人口将超过两千万。‎ ‎②By this time of next year，all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时刻，你们大家就都成为大学生了。‎ ‎11.(山东高考)By the time he realizes he________into a trap，it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.‎ A．walks　　　 B．walked C．has walked　　　 D．had walked 解析：　句意为：到他认识到已经中计的时候，再做任何事情也就无济于事了。根据句意，可知本句讲的是现在的事情，故用现在时，排除B、D两项，本句强调“已经中计”，用完成时，故答案为C。‎ 答案：　C Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．__________________，Xu Jinglei has starred in a great number of famous films.‎ 答案：　Up to now ‎2．What worries us is that this is the third time the electricity has been__________________this week.‎ 答案：　cut off cut off；badly off；content with；pick out；be caught in；at times；up to now；in ‎ a mess ‎3．It’s very difficult to__________________the best composition，since they’re all so good.‎ 答案：　pick out ‎4．He__________________a heavy traffic jam and arrived late for the job interview.‎ 答案：　was caught in ‎5．You shouldn’t complain so much.Other people are much__________________than you.‎ 答案：　worse off ‎6．Not__________________his present job，he has been busy hunting for a new one.‎ 答案：　content with ‎7．Peter can be really difficult__________________even though he’s a nice person in general.‎ 答案：　at times ‎8．Tom is very untidy；he always leaves his room________________.‎ 答案：　in a mess Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1. What’s the________of having a public open space where you can’t eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?‎ A．sense　　　　　　　　　　　 B．matter C．case　　　 D．opinion 解析：　句意为：在这样一个公共场所，你不可以吃、喝，甚至不可以走动，你会有什么样的感觉？sense感觉；matter问题；case情况，状况；opinion观点。根据题意选A。‎ 答案：　A ‎2．I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good________of direction.‎ A．idea　　　 B．feeling C．experience　　　 D．sense 解析：　have a sense ‎ of...有……的感觉，该句意为“我敢肯定戴维能找到图书馆，他有很好的方向感”。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．No matter how I tried to read it，I just couldn’t make______of this sentence.‎ A．meaning　　　 B．thought C．sense　　　 D．idea 解析：　make sense of理解，明白。句意为“不管我怎么努力读，可就是不明白这个句子的意思”。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．My aunt always loses her way when she is out by herself，because she has no________of direction.‎ A．sense　　　 B．feeling C．touch　　　 D．scene 解析：　have no sense of direction是习惯用法，指没有方向感。sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste/touch视/听/嗅/味/触觉。‎ 答案：　A Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——v.ing作表语、宾语和宾语补足语 ‎1．(2011·东城检测)The driver braked hard to avoid________a child coming in his way.‎ A．hit　　　 B．to hit C．hitting　　　 D．to have hit 解析：　考查非谓语动词。此处谓语动词avoid后面要跟动名词作宾语，类似的动词与词组有enjoy，suggest，imagine，consider，dislike，risk，insist on，get used to，can’t help等，据此选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2011·陕西教学检测)It looks like my cousin，but I don’t remember him________a pair of glasses.‎ A．to wear　　　 B．wore C．wear　　　 D．wearing 解析：　考查非谓语动词。wear和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故这里用现在分词作宾语补足语。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．Listen！Do you hear someone________for help?‎ A．calling　　　B．call C．to call　　　D．called 解析：　句意为：听！你听到有人正在求救吗？本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除D项；不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行，故排除C项；因为表示动作正在进行，故排除B项；现在分词calling 表主动且表正在进行，故为答案。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．The plan to be carried out next month needs________among the members of the labor union before________.‎ A．to discuss；carrying out　　　‎ B．to be discussed；carried out C．discussing；being carried out　　　‎ D．discussed；to be carried out 解析：　考查非谓语动词。need表示“需要”，主语是物时，其后可以接动词的ing形式，此时用主动形式表示被动含义；第二空前的before在此是介词，其后接名词或动名词，故答案为C。‎ 答案：　C ‎5. (2011·成都第一次诊断)At the airport，a man dressed in a black suit was caught________on the clean floor.‎ A．spit　　　B．spitting C．spat　　　D．to spit 解析：　现在分词作主语补足语。catch sb.doing sth.意为“发现某人正在做某事”。‎ 答案：　B