【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二unit3computers单元知识点学案 8页

基础知识默写(学生用书239～240页)‎ ‎1．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员 operate v．操作；做手术 operation n．操作；手术 ‎2．solve vt.解决；解答 solution n．解决办法 ‎3．reality n．真实；事实；现实 real adj.真实的 ‎4．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的 personally adv.就个人而言；亲自 personality n．个性；人格 ‎5．total adj.总的；整个的n．总数；合计 ‎6．application n．应用；用途；申请 apply v．运用；涉及；申请 applicant n．申请人；求职人 ‎7．explore vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究 explorer n．探险家；勘探者 exploration n．探索 ‎8．anyhow/anyway adv.无论如何；即使如此 ‎9．goal n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分 ‎10．signal vi.&vt.发信号n．信号 ‎11．type n．类型vt.&vi.打字 typist n．打字员 ‎12．coach n．教练 ‎13．arise vi.出现；发生 ‎14．electronic adj.电子的 ‎15．character n．性格；特点 ‎16．universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 universe n．宇宙 ‎17．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的 logic n．逻辑 ‎18．technology n．工艺；科技；技术 technological adj.科技的 ‎19．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能 intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的 ‎20．calculate vt.计算 ‎21．revolution n．革命 ‎22．artificial adj.人造的；假的 ‎23．happiness n．幸福；快乐 ‎24．download vt.下载 ‎25．appearance n．外观；外貌；出现 ‎26．simplify vt.简化 simple adj.简单的 simply adv.简直；只；不过 ‎27．niece n．侄女；甥女 ‎28．have...in common有……共同之处 ‎29．from...on从……时起 ‎30．as a result结果 ‎31．by oneself独立地 ‎32．in a way在某种程度上 ‎33．make up编制，编造 ‎34．after all毕竟；终究 ‎35．with the help of在……的帮助下 ‎36．deal with处理；安排；对付 ‎37．watch over看守；监视 ‎38．By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room，and I wondered if I would grow any larger.‎ 到20世纪40年代，我已经和一间房子一样大，我想知道我是否还会变得更大。‎ ‎39．As time went by，I was made smaller.‎ 随着时间的推移，我被造得越来越小。‎ ‎40．And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!‎ 我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！‎ 基础知识夯实 Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally (完全地) unknown，hard，but interesting.(2016·天津)‎ ‎2．Anyhow/Anyway(无论如何)，abandoning ourselves in reading is actually another way of leisure.(2018·湖南邵阳二模)‎ ‎3．Activities like playing computer games，going on the Net and downloading(下载) MP3s are only for the youngsters.‎ ‎4．Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer beemailing each other，for we will have developed more convenient electronic (电子的) communication tools by then.(2018·江苏)‎ ‎5．Your strength to keep on living and stay true to yourself speaks highly of your character(性格)．‎ ‎6．It was so faraway that there was no signal(信号)．(2018·浙江)‎ ‎7．I’ve finished the application form and personal (person) resume.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎8．Can you tell us your recipe for happiness (happy) and a long life？(2016·江苏)‎ ‎9．We shouldn’t draw information about a person based on his appearance (appear)．‎ ‎10．I have long been interested in space exploration (explore) and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.‎ ‎11．He explained it as simply (simple) as he could，but the class still didn’t understand.‎ ‎12．He’s recovering from an operation (operate) on his shoulder.‎ ‎13．Actually，it has been universally (universal) acknowledged that selfconfidence is half of the success.‎ ‎14．So，silence becomes the best solution (solve) to all difficulties and hardships.‎ ‎(2018·皖南八校联考)‎ ‎15．Firstly，I am just a graduate from an ordinary high school and I wonder what qualifications are required for applicants (apply)．‎ Ⅱ.选词成篇 Faced with so many problems arising from lack of communication，I don’t know how to 1.deal with them independently. 2.After all，I have never left my parents. 3.As a result，I can’t adapt to my new school life. Luckily, 4.with the help of my teacher，I have got a long well with my classmates and made great progress in my study.‎ Tom and I 5.have a lot in common. For example，6.from childhood on，we have been good at 7.making up stories and enjoyed doing things 8.by ourselves. Moreover，we don’t like being 9.watched over. We are good friends and 10.in a way we are more like twins.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．The final exam is so important that I can’t refuse to take.(so...that)‎ 这次期末考试太重要了，我不能拒绝参加。‎ ‎2．Over time，as the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. (as) (2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ 久而久之，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样会熟得更快。‎ ‎3．I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.(wonder)(2018·天津)‎ 几天以后我就要搬走了，我想知道你能否帮一下忙。‎ ‎4．By the time I got home，I only had a few hours to do my homework. (by the time)(2018·浙江)‎ 当我到家的时候，我只有几小时的时间做作业。‎ ‎1．“电”家族 ‎(1)electricity n．电 ‎(2)electric adj.用电的；电动的 ‎(3)electrical adj.与电有关的 ‎(4)electronic adj.电子的 ‎2．“解决；解答”汇总 ‎(1)solve v．解答；解决 ‎(2)settle v．解决 ‎(3)resolve v．解决 ‎(4)answer v．回答 ‎(5)respond v．回答；回应 ‎3．oneself短语大全 ‎(1)by oneself独立地 ‎(2)to oneself独享的 ‎(3)foroneself为自己 ‎(4)of oneself自动地 ‎(5)in oneself本身 ‎4．“在某种程度上”短语汇总 ‎(1)in a/one way ‎(2)in some ways ‎(3)to some/a certain extent/degree ‎(4)in part ‎(5)in some measure somehow (someway) adv.以某种方式；不知怎么地 somewhat adv.稍微；有点 ‎[用anyhow，somehow，somewhat填空]‎ ‎(1)He said he didn’t know much about computers but he’d help us anyhow.‎ ‎(2)The price is somewhat higher than I expected.‎ ‎(3)We must stop him from seeing her somehow.‎ ‎[熟词生义]　选择句子中anyhow的汉语意思 ‎(4)I don’t want to see the film and anyhow I haven’t got any money. C A．无论如何 B．即使如此 C．而且，加之 signal n．信号；暗号；信号灯 v．发信号；示意；表明；标志 ‎(1)signal sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal to sb.向某人发信号 ‎(2)send out a signal发出信号 ‎(1)As our body realizes we’re tired and wants to stop exercising，its ends signals to the brain(向大脑发送信号) to stop for a break.‎ ‎(2)She signaled him to follow.她示意他跟她走。‎ ‎(3)The guard seems to be signaling to us with his arm.‎ 警卫似乎正在挥臂向我们发信号。‎ ‎[写出下列句子中arise的汉语意思]‎ ‎(1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身；站起 ‎(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future.出现 ‎(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床 ‎(4)Accidents often arise from carelessness.产生；发生 ‎[根据语境用arise，rise，raise的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(5)This is a problem arising out of the lack of communication.‎ ‎(6)The book raises many important issues for our consideration.‎ ‎(7)The river has risen by several metres so far.‎ 易错点拨　arise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为下列名词：argument，problem，quarrel，question，movement等，多指不好的事情发生。‎ ‎[词义辨析]　arise，rise，raise ‎※arise vi.，意为“出现；发生；起因于”。‎ ‎※rise vi.，意为“升起；上升；起身；增长”。‎ ‎※raise vt.，意为“提升；举起；饲养；抚养；提出”。‎ as a result of由于；作为……的结果 without result毫无结果地 result from由……引起 result in导致；造成 ‎(1)Misuse of a fire extinguisher(灭火器) will result in(导致) fines.(2018·天津)‎ ‎(2)[同义词改写]　He was careless. As a result，he died.‎ ‎①He died as a result of his carelessness.‎ ‎②His carelessness resulted in his death.‎ ‎③His death resulted from his carelessness.‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“造成；导致”的常见短语还有：‎ bring about，contribute to，lead to，give rise to，be responsible for等。‎ ‎[图解助记]‎ all the way一路上；完全地；自始至终，一直 by way of经由；途经 on the way在路上 in the way挡路；碍事 in no way决不(置于句首句子用倒装) in this way用这种方法 ‎[根据语境用way短语的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)We can allow such a thing to continue in no way.‎ ‎(2)You will soon receive the parcel for it is on the way.‎ ‎(3)You can solve this problem only in this way.‎ ‎(4)I like Jane in a way，but she is very proud.‎ ‎(5)Germs may get into the body by way of the mouth.‎ ‎(6)I left them alone，as I felt I was in the way.‎ ‎[句式升级]‎ ‎(7)In no way can we allow such a thing to continue.[把句(1)改为倒装句]‎ ‎(8)Only in this way can you solve this problem.[把句(3)改为倒装句]‎ ‎(1)deal in做……生意；经营；买卖 ‎(2)make a deal达成协议；做成交易 It’s a deal.成交；一言为定。‎ ‎(3)a great/good deal of许多；大量(后接不可数名词)‎ a great/good deal许多；大量(用作主语、宾语或状语)‎ ‎(1)Ordinary soap，used correctly，can deal with(对付；处理) bacteria effectively.(2018·北京)‎ ‎(2)How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email？(2017·天津)‎ ‎(3)We don’t know what to do with the wastepaper.‎ ‎(4)A great deal of money has been spent (spend) on food so far.‎ 易错点拨　deal with，do with都有“处理”的意思。deal with常和how连用，do with常与what连用。‎ ‎(1)[同义句改写]　As time went on，our knowledge broadened.(用with复合结构改写)‎ ‎→With time going on，our knowledge broadened.‎ ‎(2)As the world’s population continues to grow，the list of food becomes more and more of a concern.‎ 随着世界人口持续增长，食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。‎ 易错点拨　as作连词时，引导时间状语从句，意为“随着，一边……一边……”；with“随着”，是介词，后接名词或代词，构成with短语或with复合结构。‎ And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it！我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！‎ so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎(1)so...that...句型的常见形式：‎ so＋adj./adv.＋that...‎ so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that...‎ so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that...‎ ‎(2)such...that...句型的常见形式：‎ such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that...‎ such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...‎ ‎(3)当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。‎ ‎(1)They are such little boys and eat so little food that we all love them very much.‎ ‎(2)[同义句改写]　It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.‎ ‎①It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.(用such...that...改写)‎ ‎②So cold a day was it that there was nobody in the street.(用倒装改写)‎