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Unit 3 The world of colours and light
[2017·全国卷Ⅱ] 假定你是李华,想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.展览时间、地点;
2.展览内容。
Dear Henry,
I'm Li Hua, one of your students in your cultural class. Last time you told me you are interested in learning more about traditional Chinese culture. Now I'm glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition held by our school.
The exhibition, the theme of which is “Beauty of China”, will take place in the school hall from 2 to 5 on the afternoon of June 21. Not only will our works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of paper-cutting created by a famous artist in this field. Besides, there will be a lot of useful and interesting activities, from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture.
I would appreciate it if you accept my invitation. I'm sure it can leave a wonderful impression on you! I'm looking forward to your reply.
Regards,
Li Hua
1.文章体裁:应用文——邀请信。
2.行文逻辑:邀请参观中国剪纸艺术展→展览的时间、地点和内容→表达愿望。
3.词汇短语:运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如:be interested in (对……感兴趣),have a clearer picture of(对……更清楚),appreciate(欢迎)等。
4.句式句法:运用了多样化的句式结构。如:①并列句:Not only will our works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of paper-cutting created by a famous artist in this field;②定语从句:from which you can have a clearer picture of Chinese culture;③状语从句:if you accept my invitation等。
Ⅰ.单词荟萃
(一)基础词汇(汉译英)
1. n.阴影,影子;阴暗处
2. n. 产量,输出量;输出
3. (艺术创作的)材料,形式;媒介,传媒 adj. 中等的
4. n.集体宿舍
5. adj. 锐角的;强烈的;(疾病)急性的;灵敏的;敏锐的
6. vt.喷,喷洒,向……喷洒 n.喷剂;喷雾;浪花
7. vt.& vi.(使)起皱纹 n.皱纹,皱褶,皱痕
8. adj.抽象的 n.摘要,概要
9. n.代理人,经纪人
(二)基础词汇(英译汉)
1.ankle n.
2.consensus n.
3.helicopter n.
4.pond n.
5.chef n.
6.gallery n.
7.canal n.
8.souvenir n.
9.slice n.
10.pillow n.
(三)拓展词汇
1. n.出生地;发源地→ n.出生
2. n.建筑;建筑学→ n.建筑师;设计师
3. vt. & vi.计算;推测→ n.计算→ n.计算器
4. adj.布满星星的;像星星的;明亮的→ n.(恒)星;明星 v.(使)主演,由……担任主角
5. vt. & vi.全心全意投入;犯罪;犯错;承诺,保证→ adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的;承担义务的→ n.承诺,保证;奉献,献身;承担的义务
6. n.回报,报酬,奖励vt.奖励,给予报酬→ adj.值得做的,有价值的
7. adj.多变的,易变的→ v.改变;交换;兑换 n.变化;更换;零钱
8. n.住处;住宿,膳宿;和解,调解→ v.容纳;为……提供住处
9. n.风景,景色,风光→ n.地点,现场;场景,情景→ adj.风景优美的;舞台布景的
10. n.布料,织物;布→ n. 衣服(总称)→ n. 服装
11. n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入,进入权;承认;入场费→ v.承认;允许进入;允许加入
12. adj.令人不快的,令人厌恶的,令人愤慨的→ n.厌恶, 憎恶,反感 v.使厌恶
Ⅱ.短语检测
1.在……以上,大于,超过
2.动身去
3.切开
4.布置,设计;铺开,展开
5.试一试,试试
6.剪出,剪下
7.come on the market
8.gain admission to
9. think about
10.experiment with
11.get ready to (do sth)
12.range from…to…
13. dip…into…
14.at an early age
15.get back
16.be made out of
17.be amazed to hear
18.stick…onto…
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1.although引导让步状语从句
Unfortunately, van Gogh committed his whole being to painting, he received little reward for his effort.
遗憾的是,尽管凡·高全身心地投入到绘画当中,他所得到的回报却微乎其微。
2.现在分词短语作状语
Besides the works of da Vinci, the Louvre Museum has more than 6,000 other European paintings, the 13th century the 19th century.
除了达·芬奇的作品外,卢浮宫还收藏了六千余件其他欧洲画家的画作,时间跨度从13世纪到19世纪。
3.so引导的部分倒装
Aunt really enjoyed France and grandma and I.
姑妈非常喜欢法国,奶奶和我也是如此。
4.“Hardly had…done…when+一般过去时” 表示“一……就……”
the dormitory the next morning we realized we had left our map in the room.
次日早上我们刚离开宿舍,就意识到我们把地图落在房间里了。
5.It's…that…强调句式
while at the New York School of Art he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings.
正是在纽约艺术学院时,他在绘画中尝试使用不同的材料,比如布和塑料。
【巧学助记】
构词法记忆
把主体名词变成复数的合成词
passer(s)-by过路人
looker(s)-on旁观者
son(s)-in-law女婿
editor(s)-in-chief主编
规律记忆
不一样的“风景”
scenery n.自然景色
scene n.有静有动的景色
view n.风景(与观看有关,常构成a view of…)
sights n.景象(与scene相同,但也可表示“名胜”)
landscape n.风景,景色(与陆地和山脉相关)
●1 calculate v.(to use numbers to find out a total number, amount, distance, etc.)计算;(to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available)推测
(1)be calculated to do sth(=be intended or designed to do sth) 打算/故意/可能做某事
(2)calculate on sth/doing sth(=depend or rely on sth) 指望或依靠(做)某事
It has been calculated that…
据估算……
(3)calculation n. 计算,推算
calculator n. 计算器
【活学活用】
(1)They calculated that rolling the stone block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的) path. 他们计算出滚动石块所需的力和使它沿着光滑的路面移动所需的力几乎一样大。
(2)单句填空
①We can't calculate having good weather for the barbecue.
②By his (calculate), it could save airlines hundreds of millions of dollars a year.
③It (calculate) roughly that in 1997 alone, about 2.3 million people died of AIDS.
④This kind of computer is calculated (serve) the office work.
●2 commit (committed; committed) vt.& vi.全心全意投入;犯罪,犯错;承诺,保证
(1)commit suicide 自杀
commit oneself to (doing) sth
致力于(做)某事
commit oneself 表态;承诺
commit sb to sth 承诺,保证
(2)committed adj. 尽心尽力的;尽责的;效忠的
be committed to (doing) sth
承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
(3)commitment n. 承诺,保证;献身,奉献
make a commitment (to sb/sth)
(对……)做出承诺
make a commitment to do sth
承诺做某事
【熟词生义】
In order to keep up with the world situation, he commits an hour to reading the newspapers every morning.(花费,使用)
【活学活用】
(1)Supporters insist that the country is committed to meeting the EU (European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation. 支持者坚称,这个国家承诺达到欧盟非碳能源发电的标准。
(2)单句填空
①Meeting them doesn't commit us anything.
②Both sides committed (they) to settling the dispute peacefully.
③It is not the best time to make a (commit) or to start up a new relationship.
●3 reward vt. 奖励,给以报酬 n.奖励,回报,报酬
(1)in reward for 作为……的报酬/报答
as a reward for… 作为对……的报酬/奖赏
(2)reward sb for (doing) sth
因……而酬谢/报答某人
reward sb with sth 用……酬谢/报答某人
(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的,有价值的
(4)award sb sth=award sth to sb
颁发/授予某人某物
【图解助记】
【活学活用】
(1)In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because they were rewarded for reading some books.
在罗兰·弗莱尔的研究中,一些学生比其他学生做得更好是因为他们从读的一些书中受益匪浅。
(2)It is unfair that he gets very little (作为辛苦工作的报酬).
(3)The school rewarded him (因优秀而获奖) in his studies.
(4) (作为对……的奖励) passing the exams, she got a new bike from her parents.
(5)用award,reward的适当形式填空
①Mo Yan was the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.
②Give me the chance, and I will you with great achievements.
③It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to .
④The police are offering a $60,000 for information about the killer.
●4 scenery n. 风景,景色,风光; 舞台布景
【易混辨析】
scenery指某一地区全部的自然景色,是不可数名词。
view多指从远处或高处等某个特定角度看见的景物,亦可指视线范围内的景象或情景。
sight用复数时多指城镇中用于游览观光的风景以及值得一看的名胜。
scene多指包含人物及人物活动的场景或视线之内的风景。
【活学活用】
(1)People say: “Guilin's scenery is peerless in the world.” It was not until I visited the place that I found it really worthy of the reputation.
人们都说“桂林山水甲天下”。直到我游览过桂林以后,才发现它果然名不虚传。
(2)用view, scene, scenery或sight的适当形式填空
①The boats in the harbour make a beautiful .
②The as one travels by boat along the Three Gorges is marvellous.
③There is a fine of the mountain from our hotel window.
④The children thrilled with joy at the of the Christmas tree.
●5 disgusting adj. 令人不快的,令人厌恶的,令人愤慨的
(1)disgust vt. 使作呕,使厌烦
n. 厌恶,反感
with disgust 反感地,厌恶地
in disgust 愤慨地
(much) to one's disgust
令某人(非常)气愤的是
(2)disgusted adj. 厌恶的,憎恶的
be disgusted to find/hear/see
发现/听到/看到……很气愤
be disgusted at/by/with sth
讨厌或唾弃某物,对……作呕
【活学活用】
(1)I would never have come if I'd known about this disgusting thing you want me to do.
我要是早知道你们想要我做这种恶心的事,我决不会来。
(2)单句填空
①Sam threw his books down disgust and stormed out of the room.
②Everybody except Joe looked at me disgust.
③Much my disgust, I found that there were no toilets for the disabled.
④Most locals (disgust) by the anti-foreigner violence.
●1 cut up 切碎;(严重地)割伤,打伤;使伤心
cut sth out (of sth) 剪出,剪下
cut back/down (on) 削减,缩减,减少
cut across 影响;符合;抄近路穿过
cut away 切除, 剪掉,砍掉
cut 砍倒
cut in (on) 打断,插嘴
cut off 中断(通话、供电等);切掉;
阻碍
cut off from 使失去联系,使隔绝
cut into 切入,切进
cut out (of) 剪下;删掉
cut through 开辟(出路或通道)
【熟词生义】
He was badly cut up when his girlfriend gave him back his ring. (使悲痛,使伤心)
【图解助记】
【活学活用】
(1)—Tony, why are your eyes red?
—I have been cutting up peppers for the last five minutes.
“托尼,为什么你的眼睛发红?”
“我在过去的五分钟内一直在剁辣椒。”(切碎)
(2)用适当的介词或副词填空
①He had hardly turned on the TV when the power was cut .
②My wife cut the meat for cooking the meatball.
③Cutting off his friends made him feel lonely.
④Trees were cut and the house was built.
⑤By practising thrift(节约) we can cut a great deal of unnecessary expenditure.
⑥Billy showed me the article he'd cut of the magazine.
⑦Sorry to cut on you, but there are one or two things I don't understand.
●2 lay out 布置,设计;铺开,展开
lay down 放下;中断;辞(职);放弃;规定
lay 解雇;让人停止做某事
lay aside 积蓄(金钱), 留存备用;把……
放在一边
【活学活用】
(1)The soldier laid out the map on the ground to find out the route to the town.
这位战士将地图铺在地上以便找出通向小镇的路。
(2)一词多义
写出下列各句中lay out的汉语释义。
①She laid out all her new clothes on the bed.
②We spent the whole morning laying out pictures for the magazine.
③The gardens were laid out with lawns, flower beds and fountains.
(3)单句填空
①The factory has laid some workers because of the drop in sales.
②He spent half the prize money, and the rest was laid for a rainy day.
③She laid her pastimes as easily as she took them up.
●3 have a go (at) 试一试
(1)at one go 一下子,一举,一口气
be on the go(=be on the move)
十分活跃,非常忙碌
(2)make a go of sth 在……方面成功
have a go at sb 指责/数落某人
have a go at sth/doing sth
尝试/试图(做某事)
[温馨提示] go作为名词,表示“尝试”时是可数名词,常加不定冠词,有时也用复数,其复数形式是goes;当表示“活力”时,为不可数名词,如:full of go精力充沛。
【活学活用】
(1)They taste great. The good thing, too, is that if you have a go at them and like them enough, you can take home gift packs for relatives and friends.
它们好吃极了。还有,好事情就是,如果你试了试,并且真的喜欢吃,你可以打包回家作为礼品送给亲人和朋友。
(2)It doesn't matter if you make it or break it as long as (你去尝试).
(3)Let's settle the matter (一举), not bit by bit.
(4)The manager is so busy that he is constantly (非常忙碌).
(5)She (考了六次) her driving test before she passed.
●4 be off to 动身去……
take off 起飞;匆匆离去;脱下;休假
see off 送行
turn off 关掉
get off 下车;离开,出发;下班
put off 推迟,延迟
keep off 远离,避开
fall off 减少,下降;跌落
go off 爆炸;离开;熄灭;中断
leave off 停止,中断;不把……列入,不包括
pay 还清(债务等);取得成功
【活学活用】
(1)National anthems of China and the US were played in the welcome ceremony before President Xi was off to the hotel in the centre of Washington.
欢迎仪式上响起中美两国国歌,然后习主席动身去华盛顿市中心的宾馆。
(2)Thousands of people went to (为他们送行) at the station.
(3)A few minutes later the bomb (爆炸), destroying the vehicle.
(4)She has been deliberately (从客人名单里漏掉).
●5 settle in 安放; 安顿; 使(自己)安下心来
settle in/into 适应/习惯(新事物)
settle down 安顿下来,安定下来
settle (down) to 专心于,着手认真做
settle on 决定; 选定
【活学活用】
(1)When we settle in properly, we'll invite all our friends to a house-warming party.
我们安顿下来后,就邀请所有的朋友来参加乔迁聚会。
(2)He settled in Paris from 1831 and never returned to his native Poland.
他于1831年定居巴黎,再也没返回祖国波兰。
(3)Tired of the city life, my parents (定居乡下) after they retired.
(4)She soon (习惯了大学的新生活).
(5)With so much noise outside,I couldn't (专心于工作).
(6)We must (确定一个地方) to meet.
●1 Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room. 次日早上我们刚离开宿舍,就意识到我们把地图落在房间里了。
Hardly had…done…when+一般过去时
句型公式
【句式点拨】
否定意义的副词或连词,如hardly,never,not,not only,little,seldom等放在句首时要用部分倒装,即助动词要放在主语之前。“Hardly had…done…when…/No sooner had…done…than…”是固定句型,译为“一……就……”。
Hardly had he reached here when it began to snow.
他一到这儿天就开始下起雪来了。
Hardly had I begun to cook when the telephone rang.
我刚开始做饭,电话就响了。
No sooner had I left the house than it began to rain.
我刚离开家,就开始下雨了。
【相关拓展】
表示“一……就……”的结构:
固定句型
hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than
名词短语
the moment, the minute, the second, the instant
连词
immediately, directly, instantly
介词on/upon/at
构成的短语
on/upon doing sth 一做某事就……
at the sight of一看到……就……
at the sound of一听到……就……
at the thought of一想到……就……
【活学活用】
(1)Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他。
(2)一句多译
他们一到家,就下起雨来了。
①They / got home it began to rain.
② they got home it began to rain.
③ they got home it began to rain.
(3)单句填空
①He jumped off the couch moment the telephone rang.
②They phoned me (immediate) they reached home.
③Upon/On (hear) the good news, the children jumped with joy.
④ the sight of the snake, the girl drew back.
●2 It was while at the New York School of Art that he experimented with different materials such as cloth and plastic in his paintings. 正是在纽约艺术学院时,他在绘画中尝试使用不同的材料,比如布和塑料。
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.
句型公式
【句式点拨】
本句是一个强调句型,强调时间状语while at the New York School of Art,时间状语中省略了主语he和系动词was。强调句型的结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”,它可用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语。
It was because he loved my money that he married me.
他是因为爱我的钱才同我结了婚。
It might be yesterday that he left for Beijing.
他可能是昨天去的北京。
【相关拓展】
(1)强调句型的时态要以原句的时态为依据。原句用一般现在时,强调句用is;若原句为一般过去时,强调句则要用was。
(2)被强调的部分若是原句的主语,who/that之后的谓语在人称和数上与主语一致。
(3)被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时,可用that或who,其他一律用that。
(4)被强调的是疑问句,改为强调句后仍用疑问句结构。
(5)被强调的如果是not…until, because, only after等引导的状语从句时,习惯上用 “It is/was not until…that…” “It is/was because…that…” “It was only after…that…”。
(6)强调句型的反意疑问句须和强调句型本身保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)It was a hot summer day that found me running down the street with a dollar in my sweaty hand.
那是一个炎热的夏日,我攥着一美元正沿着街道奔跑,手里汗津津的。
(2)单句填空
①Was it because Jack came late for school Mr Smith got angry?
② was as a result of the accident that the company suffered a heavy loss.
(3)写作佳句
(直到他们得出结论) that they stopped discussing.
Ⅰ.单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It was between 1989 and 1999 great changes took place in our hometown.
2.Chinese people are disgusted (see) corrupt officials, and they are happy to catch these “large rats” and bring them to justice.
3.After graduation from college,they made up their minds to go and settle the countryside.
4.The boy did a good job in the exam, and as reward, his parents bought him a new racing bike.
5.The bus was held up by a snowstorm, thus (cause) the delay.
6.He (admit) to a key university, from which he graduated with honours four years later.
7.He has clearly committed his government to (continue) down the path of economic reform.
8.All his mathematical (calculate) led to the same conclusion that the earth is not the centre of the solar system.
9.Hardly had we begun our walk it began to rain.
10.He has experimented the idea of playing the violin alongside traditional Chinese instruments, including erhu, pipa and guzheng.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.It was to a nearby hospital where Ann's husband rushed her last night.
2.Only when you grow up you understand your parents' intentions.
3.Finally he reached a lonely island which was completely cut off the outside world.
4.He had the go at dancing, but did not do very well.
5.Hardly had he spoken than he regretted it bitterly.
Ⅲ.课文回顾
We started our trip in Spain and went to M
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