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第
37
讲 单项选择
近
3
年辽宁各地市单项选择题考查比较全面
,
各考点均有涉及
,
且着重考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力
,
淡化对语法知识的机械性记忆。该题型主要从语法和语境角度进行命题
,
知识点全面
,
考查的方向集中在不同词性辨析、词义辨析、固定句型以及惯用语搭配上。在试题设置上更注重语法在语境中的运用
,
语言测试要点的覆盖面更加广泛。这也顺应了语言教育的一个大趋势
,
即语言教育向实用、应用型转变。
在
2016
年辽宁
13
个地市的英语中考试题中
,
考点频次由高到低分布如下:名词、代词、形容词、介词、交际用语、情态动词、复合句;动词的时态;副词、动词的语态;动词、动词短语、连词;非谓语动词;感叹句;疑问词、冠词;数词。祈使句和主谓一致各地市几乎都没有考查。
中考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态
,
语态;词义辨析;语序
,
各种不同的从句及交际用语上。在做单项选择题时
,
掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。常用的解题方法如下:
1
.
直接选择法
——
根据已掌握的知识、固定搭配、常用句型等直接确定答案
,
此方法多适合用于介词短语、动词短语和固定句型类题目。
【
例
1
】
Jim sits behind me
,
so I sit ________ him.
A
.
at the top of B
.
at the end of
C
.
in the middle of D
.
in front of
【
解析
】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:吉姆坐在我后面
,
因此我坐在他的
________
。
at the top of
在
……
顶部;
at the end of
在
……
尽头;
in the middle of
在
……
中间;
in front of
在
……
前面。
behind
的反义词组是
in front of
,
根据句意可知后半句表示
“
我坐在他的前面
”
。
答案:
__
D
__
【
例
2
】
—
Jason
,
would you please ________ this notice?
—With pleasure.
A
.
put on B
.
put off C
.
put up D
.
put out
【
解析
】
考查动词短语辨析。句意
“
杰森
,
你能
________
这个通知吗?
”“
我很乐意去做。
”
put on
穿上;
put off
推迟;
put up
张贴;
put out
熄灭。根据语境可知应是张贴通知。
答案:
__
C
__
1
.
—How many American students came to visit your school yesterday?
—Nine.Five are from New York
,
and the other ____ are from Boston.
A
.
two B
.
three C
.
four D
.
five
2
.
Jack's hobby is to play ____ chess.
A
.
a B
.
an C
.
the D
.
/
3
.
Maori people in New Zealand touch ____ when they meet.
A
.
trees B
.
noses C
.
caps D
.
desks
4
.
We usually have the first class ____ 8
:
00 in the morning.
A
.
of B
.
in C
.
on D
.
at
5
.
____ these past three years
,
I remember many things.
A
.
Looking up to B
.
Looking out
C
.
Looking back at D
.
Looking after
C
D
B
D
C
2
.
关键信息法
——
根据语境中的关键词、短语、时间状语等信息判断答案
,
此方法多适用于语法类试题
,
如情态动词、动词的时态、被动语态、简单句和复合句等。
【
例
3
】
—
Mum
,
where is Dad?
—He ________ flowers in the garden now.
A
.
planted B
.
plants
C
.
will plant D
.
is planting
【
解析
】
考查现在进行时。句意
“
妈妈
,
爸爸在哪里?
”“
他现在正在花园里种花。
”
结合句意及标志性时间状语
now
,
可知用现在进行时。
答案:
__
D
__
【
例
4
】
These model cars ________ in China in 2013
.
A
.
are made B
.
were made C
.
make D
.
made
【
解析
】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这些汽车模型由中国在
2013
年制造。结合句意及主语
“
model cars
”
与动词之间的关系
,
可知此处用被动语态;且根据标志性时间状语
“
in 2013
”
为过去时间
,
可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案:
__
B
__
6
.
Nowadays all passengers
____ go through safety check before they take a train.
A
.
can B
.
may C
.
must D
.
will
7
.
____ kind and helpful to the people around us
,
and we will make the world a nicer place to live in.
A
.
Be B
.
Being C
.
To be D
.
Been
8
.
Tourists' bad behavior ____ by the government in our country from now on.
A
.
will record B
.
will be recorded
C
.
records D
.
is recorded
C
A
B
9
.
—Amy
,
can we give away these soft toys? We ____ them for many years.
—Mom
,
but I want to keep the bear.
A
.
bought B
.
had
C
.
have bought D
.
have had
10
.
—Can you tell me ____ to London?
—Sure.Next month.
A
.
when you will travel B
.
when will you travel
C
.
when you travelled D
.
when did you travel
D
A
3
.
逻辑推理法
——
通过分析语境的前后句逻辑关系
,
从而做出正确选择。此方法多适用于代词、连词类题目。如考查连词
,
明确前后句之间的关系很关键
,
转折关系选
but
,
顺承关系选
and
,
因果关系选
because/so
等。
【
例
5
】
My brother likes painting.It's one of ________ hobbies.
A
.
my B
.
her C
.
his D
.
Your
【
解析
】
考查形容词性物主代词词义辨析。句意:我的哥哥
(
弟弟
)
喜欢绘画
,
绘画是
________
爱好之一。根据题中的
“
My brother
”
可判断应用形容词性物主代词
his
修饰。
答案:
__
C
__
【
例
6
】
Get up early
,
________ you'll be late for school.
A
.
so B
.
and C
.
or D
.
but
【
解析
】
考查并列连词的用法。句意:早点起床
,
________
你上学就会迟到。结合句意可知
,
此处表示
“
否则
”
。
答案:
__
C
__
11
.
Singing and dancing are her hobbies, and her
____ hobby is to speak English everyday.
A
.
another B
.
all C
.
either D
.
neither
12
.
Going to the movies is good
,
____ I really only like listening to music.
A
.
and B
.
but C
.
so D
.
or
13
.
The book must be Lily's.Look! ____ name is on the cover.
A
.
Her B
.
His C
.
Its D
.
My
14
.
—Mike
,
what were your parents doing at 8
:
00
last night?
—My mother was reading
____ my father was playing computer games.
A
.
while B
.
when C
.
unless D
.
as long as
A
B
A
A
15
.
—Who lives together with this old woman?
—____ .She lives alone.Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday.
A
.
Nobody B
.
Somebody
C
.
Anybody D
.
Everybody
A
4
.
代入排除法
——
在对比四个选项后难以确定答案的情况下
,
学生可以采取逐个排除法
,
把没有被排除的选项定为正确答案。此方法多适用于语境类词义辨析试题
,
名词、动词、形容词和副词。
【
例
7
】
Let's open the windows to have some ________ air in here.
A
.
cheap B
.
nervous C
.
careful D
.
fresh
【
解析
】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:让我们打开窗户呼吸一些
________
空气吧。
cheap
便宜的
,
廉价的;
nervous
紧张的
,
不安的;
careful
小心的
,
仔细的;
fresh
新鲜的。根据语境
“
打开窗户
”
可判断是让一些新鲜空气进来。
答案:
__
D
__
【
例
8
】
Lao She's Teahouse ________ the changes in Chinese society over fifty years.
A
.
describes B
.
improves C
.
prepares D
.
corrects
【
解析
】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:老舍的
《
茶馆
》
________
了中国社会五十多年的变化。
describes
描述;
improves
提高;
prepares
准备;
corrects
改正。根据句意可知
“
描述
”
最符合语境。
答案:
__
A
__
16
.
—
Mr.Wilson
,
can I ask you some questions about your speech?
—
Certainly, feel
____ to ask me.
A
.
good B
.
calm C
.
free D
.
happy
17
.
Earthquakes always happen ____
,
so it is difficult to know when they come.
A
.
hopefully B
.
suddenly C
.
usually D
.
luckily
18
.
Soccer is a wonderful game for children.It ____ great exercise
,
such as running and kicking.
A
.
provides B
.
remains C
.
practises D
.
receives
C
B
A
19
.
Just be ____
,
you can't make such great progress in a day.It takes time.
A
.
available B
.
humorous
C
.
patient D
.
unbelievable
20
.
Why not go to Sunshine Supermarket? You can buy everything ____ there.
A
.
mostly B
.
widely C
.
cheaply D
.
heavily
C
A
5
.
交际法
——
此方法用于交际用语中
,
联系上下文直接解题。
【
例
9
】
—
You look sad
,
Betty.What's the matter with you?
— ________
.
A
.
I've got the first prize.
B
.
I'm sorry to hear that.
C
.
I can't attend the summer camp.
D
.
I don't quite agree with you.
【
解析
】
考查情景交际。句意为
“
贝蒂
,
你看起来很伤心
,
怎么了?
”“
________
。
”
A
项:我得了第一;
B
项:听到那件事我很难过;
C
项:我不能参加夏令营;
D
项:我非常不同意你的看法。上句提到
“
很伤心
”
因此答语应是
“
不好的事
”
。
答案:
__
C
__
【
例
10
】
—
Thank you for helping me with my physics.
—________
.
I hope you can do better in it.
A
.
Good idea B
.
See you
C
.
I'm not sure D
.
You're welcome
【
解析
】
考查情景交际。句意为
“
谢谢你帮助我学习物理。
”“
________
。我希望你能在这方面做得更好。
”
Good idea
好主意;
See you
再见;
I'm not sure
我不确定;
You're welcome
不客气。根据上下句语境并结合交际用语可知
,
当对方表示感谢时
,
应说不客气。
答案:
__
D
__
21
.
—
This is your order, a sandwich and an apple pie.
____
—I'll have it here.
A
.
For here or to go? B
.
Something to drink?
C
.
Anything else? D
.
Is that OK?
22
.
—Will you carry the box for me
,
please?
—Sure
,
____ .
A
.
no good B
.
no problem
C
.
no idea D
.
no way
23
.
—Let's go swimming.
—____
.
A
.
It's a pleasure B
.
You're welcome
C
.
Thanks a lot D
.
It's a good idea
A
B
D
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