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情态动词
情态动词不能单独作谓语,它必须和动词
原形连用一起构成谓语。
一、情态动词的情态意义表示法
考点一:
can
可表示现在或将来的能力,
意为“能;会”。
can
还可表示请求、允
许,意为“可以”。
如:
Gabriella can speak French fluently.
Can you help me lift this box?
考点二:
could
可表示过去的能力;当
could
表示允许时,语气比
can
更加委婉
和客气。
如:
Could I have a drink of water, please?
考点三:
may
表示请求、允许,意为“可
以”。
如:
May I come in and wait?
Thank you. You may go now.
考点四:
might
表示允许时,语气比
may
更
加委婉和客气。
如:
Might I borrow your pen?
考点五:
must
表示义务、命令或必要,意
为“必须”,强调主观看法。
mustn’t
表示“不允许;禁止”之意。
如:
All passengers must wear seat belts.
You mustn’t talk to your mother like that.
考点六:
have to
意为“不得不”,强调观
需要。
如:
It is getting late. I have to go.
考点七:
should
意为“应该”,既可以表示义
务或责任,还可以表示劝告或建议。其否定
式为
shouldn’t
,意为“不应该”。
如:
You should read his new book. It’s really
interesting.
Children shouldn’t be allowed to play in the
street.
考点八:
had better do sth.
意为“最好做某
事”,其否定式在
better
后加
not
。
如:
You’d better (not) see the film yourself.
考点九:
need
表示“需要”,作情态动词时,
通常用于否定句或疑问句中。
【
中考链接
】
1. Jenny finally got the job because she
______ speak English well.
A. might
B. must
C. could
2. —How do you usually go to school?
—My school is far away. I ______
take the bus to school.
A. must
B. might
C. have to
3. It's surprising that Mr. Ma's little
daughter ______ speak English so
well.
A. must
B. can
C. mustn't
D. can't
4. As middle school students, we ______
be afraid of difficulties if we want to
make our dreams come true.
A. must
B. shouldn't
C. need
5. Cars, buses, bikes and people ______
stop when the traffic lights are red.
A. can
B. may
C. must
二、情态动词表示推测
考点一:
can
表示推测时常用于否定句
中,此时
can’t
意为“不可能”。
如:
That can’t be his mother. She’s not that
old.
考点二:
could
常用于肯定句中,表示不
确定的推测,意为“可能”。
如:
You could be right, but I don’t think you
are.
考点三:
may
表示推测,意为“可能;也许”。
如:
I may be late, so don’t wait for me.
考点四:
might
表示推测时,比
may
的可能性
更小。
如:
She might not want to come with us, I guess.
考点五:
must
表示推测时常用于肯定句中,
表示很有把握的推测,意为“一定”。
如:
The machine doesn’t work. There must be
something wrong with it.
1. —Look! It ______ be David in the classroom.
—It ______ be him. Because I saw him in the library a moment ago.
A. may; mustn't B. must; can't
C. can; can't D. mustn't; can
【
中考链接
】
2. Harry's been driving all day — he ______ be tired.
A. need
B. can
C. shall
D. must
3. —Look! The man at the gate ______ be our headmaster. He is always standing there every morning.
—No, it ______ be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now.
A. must; can't B. must; mustn't
C. can't; can't D. can't; mustn't
4. —I have been to the moon twice.
—You ______ be joking! It's impossible!
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. need
5. —Do you have any plans for this Sunday?
—I'm not sure. I ______ go to the countryside to see my grandmother.
A. can
B. must
C. may
D. need
三、情态动词一般疑问句的回答
考点一:
may
表示请求时,用于主语为
第一人称的一般疑问句中,其否定回答
不用
may not
,而用
mustn’t
或
can’t
。
如:
—May I use your glasses for a few
minutes?
—No, you mustn’t / can’t.
考点二:
在回答由
must
引起的一般疑问句时
,
肯
定回答常用
must,
否定回答常用
needn’t
或
don’t have to
,表示“不必”。
如:
—Must we finish this project today?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t / don’t have to.
考点三:在回答由
need
引起的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用
must
,否定回答用
needn’t
。
如:
—Need I bring you a coat?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
考点四:在回答由
could(
表示委婉语气
)
引起的一般疑问句时,常用
can / can’t
回答。
1. —Must I finish all the homework this evening?
—No, you ______. Tomorrow is Saturday, and you have enough time for it.
A. mustn't B. needn't
C. won't D. can't
【
中考链接
】
2. A: Mum, may I go out to play football for an hour?
B: No, you ______. The air outside is not very clean.
A. can't
B. needn't
C. couldn't
3. —Must I hand in the exercise book today, Miss Green
?
—No, you ______. Take your time. Just tomorrow.
A. shouldn't B. needn't
C. mustn't D. can't
4. —Must I sing the song in Russian?
—No, you ______. It's up to you.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. don't
D. needn't
5. —Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
—Sorry, I ______. I have a piano lesson.
A. can't
B. couldn't
C. mustn't
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