中考英语语法复习非谓语动词牛津版 3页

江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习 非谓语动词 牛津版 ‎【要点提示】‎ ‎【要点概述】‎ 非谓语动词包括动词不定式、v-ing 形式和动词的过去分词。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。非谓语动词既有动词性质，又有非动词性质。非谓语动词的否定式都是在其前加not构成。动词不定式的被动式为“to be + 过去分词”；v-ing形式的被动式为“being + 过去分词”。‎ ‎【考点分述】‎ ‎1. 动词不定式的形式有两种：一种是带to的，另一种是不带to的。动词不定式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。‎ ‎2. 动词不定式与v-ing形式可作宾语，归纳如下：‎ 只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词 afford, agree, decide, expect, fail, hope, offer, plan,‎ pretend, refuse, wish等 只跟v-ing 形式作宾语的词语 consider, enjoy, finish,‎ imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest, give up, look forward to等 既可跟动词不定式也可跟v-ing 形式作宾语，且意义区别不大的动词 like, love, begin, start,‎ prefer 等 既可跟动词不定式也可跟v-ing 形式作宾语，但意义上有差别的动词 try, remember, forget等 ‎3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时，有时带to，有时不带to。常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask, tell, allow, want, wish等；而在某些使役动词（如make, have, let等）和感官动词（如hear, see, watch, notice等）后作宾语补足语的动词不定式通常不带to，但当句子变为被动语态、动词不定式作主语补足语时，就要带to。‎ ‎4. 有些使役动词和感官动词后既可接动词不定式也可接v-ing 形式作宾语补足语，动词不定式强调动作的完成，v-ing 形式则强调动作正在发生。‎ ‎5. 动词不定式作状语，多表目的；v-ing 形式作状语，可表示原因、时间、伴随等。‎ ‎6. “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构相当于名词短语，在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等。‎ ‎7． 动词的过去分词所表示的动作常与其所修饰的词之间是被动关系。‎ ‎【专项练习】‎ Ⅰ. 请根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. He didn’t finish_______________ (read) the book until last week.‎ ‎2. Without _____________ (hear) from Simon, I decided_____________ (write) to him again. ‎ ‎3. They will go to the station _______________ (meet) the guests.‎ ‎4. How long did it take you __________ (do) your homework yesterday?‎ ‎5. My hobby is_______________ (make) kites.‎ ‎6. It is my pleasure _______________ (ask) to speak here.‎ ‎7. Sorry, I forgot _______________ (return) your CD today. I’ll give it to you tomorrow.‎ ‎8. Mary is heard_______________ (sing) English songs every morning.‎ ‎9. The students are not allowed to get their hair______________ (colour).‎ ‎10. When I opened the door, I noticed someone _______________ (sit) by her and _______________ (talk) with her.‎ Ⅱ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。‎ ‎( )1. Last month my mother went to the shop_____________ a new bike for me.‎ A. to buy B. buy C. bought D. buying ‎ ‎( )2. When they walked along the river, they heard someone_________ for help.‎ A. called B. to call C. calling D. calls ‎( )3. —I’m sorry I left my exercise book at home.‎ ‎—Don’t forget _______________ it to school tomorrow, please.‎ A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing ‎( )4. Would you mind_____________ the TV? I’m making a phone call.‎ A. to turn up B. turning down C. to turn down D. turning up ‎( )5. I enjoy ____________very much, but I don’t like in the dirty lake.‎ A. swimming, swim B. to swim, to swim ‎ C. to swim, swimming D. swimming, to swim ‎( )6. Remember not___________ late for class again.‎ A. to being B. to be C. been D. be ‎( )7. The boy made his mother _____________ at last.‎ A. laugh B. to laugh ‎ C. laughs D. laughed ‎( )8. It often takes me half an hour _____________home.‎ A. walking B. walk C. to walk D. walked ‎( )9. The boy______________ Jimmy is my new classmate.‎ A. call B. calling C. called D. to call ‎( )10. Who is the boy_______________ under the tree?‎ A. stands B. standing C. to stand D. stood ‎( )11. We ordered the dog _______________ outside.‎ A. to stay B. stay C. stayed D. staying ‎( )12. We are often told_____________ at people who make mistakes.‎ A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh ‎( )13. Do you know _______________ a house?‎ A. to build B. build C. built D. how to build ‎( )14. You didn’t hear us come in last night, because we tried_________ any noise.‎ A. not making B. not to make C. to make D. making ‎( )15. Her parents always _________ her __________ in good health.‎ A. wish, is B. hope, is C. wish, to be D. hope, to be ‎( )16. I liked the skirt, and the salesperson let me_____________.‎ A. tried it on B. to try it on C. try it on D. trying it on ‎ ‎( )17. Teenagers are allowed_____________ the way they like to deal with the problems.‎ A. choose B. to choose C. chosen D. choosing ‎( )18. I saw a girl _____________ when I looked out of the window.‎ A. cry B. crying C. to cry D. cried ‎( )19. I’ll never give up_____________ the children in the poor areas.‎ A. to help B. to be helped C. helping D. being helped ‎( )20. What about _____________ her an e-mail right now?‎ A. sending B. to send C. send D. to sending ‎ Ⅲ. 下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。‎ ‎1. She spent the whole morning wash her shoes and clothes. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎2. I don’t mind to take care of the cat. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎3. The workers were listening to the leader to talk about the accident. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎4. Lucy was looking forward to inviting to Kate’s birthday party. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎5. After he finished play basketball, he went home with Liu Ying. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎6. She wanted getting some money from her father, but she didn’t get any. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎7. He was unhappy because he was refused buying a toy. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎8. My brother often practises to draw pictures in the park. ‎ ‎_______________‎ ‎9. Why not consider to visit Beijing next month? _______________‎ ‎10. My mother asks me not watching TV before I finish my homework. ‎ ‎_______________‎ 参考答案 非谓语动词专项练习 Ⅰ. 1. reading 2. hearing, to write 3. to meet 4. to do ‎ ‎ 5. making / to make 6. to be asked 7. to return 8. to sing ‎ ‎ 9. coloured 10. sitting, talking ‎ Ⅱ. 1-5 ACCBD 6-10 BACCB 11-15 ACDBC 16-20 CBBCA Ⅲ. 1. wash→washing 2. to take→taking 3. to talk→talking ‎ ‎ 4. inviting→being invited 5. play→playing 6. getting→to get ‎ 7. buying→to buy 8. to draw→drawing 9. to visit→visiting ‎ 10. watching→to watch